manner. Grotius writes to his brother William, August 16, 1630, "I am
overjoyed to hear that Diederic's progress even exceeds my hopes. I wish
he may continue." His grandfather John Grotius was his tutor. When he
came to be old enough to be put to some business, Grotius designed him
for an Engineer. He learned under the famous Boschius, and came
afterwards, in the beginning of 1636, to see his father at Paris.
Grotius having applied to the Duke of Weymar to take Diederic into his
service, he entered into that Prince's houshold as one of his Pages, and
was much respected: the Duke soon after made him his Aid-de-Camp.
Grotius seemed to be well satisfied with his son at the time this youth
had the misfortune to lose his Patron.
On hearing of the Duke of Weymar's death Grotius immediately thought of
sending Diederic to Marshal Bannier. He wrote a letter to that
General[771], October 13, 1639, in which he puts him in mind that it was
his Excellency's brother first proposed to him his entering into the
Swedish service: he afterwards makes an offer of his son, who had served
two years under Boschius, chief Engineer to the Prince of Orange, and
had since been several years one of the Duke of Weymar's Pages. After
the death of that illustrious Prince, who shared with Bannier the glory
of being the greatest general in Europe, he thinks he cannot do better
than give him to Marshal Bannier, who was unanimously allowed to hold
the first rank in the art of war. He begs that his son may be only
employed in things of which he is capable. On the same day he wrote to
Salvius, desiring him to recommend Diederic to the Marshal.
Whilst Grotius was thus employed in placing his son, Diederic
entertained a design of entering into the Dutch service. His father was
highly displeased with this project; and wrote to him, and to William
Grotius, that it was most improper for him to expose his life for his
cruellest enemies; and that Sweden was his true country, and to that
kingdom he ought to devote his life, and from it to merit and expect
honours. "If my son dislikes the activity of a military life, Grotius
writes to his brother, he may find ease, and acquire honour in General
Bannier's houshold, or by exercising his profession of Engineer. I shall
always give him my assistance, and I hope I have as many friends
elsewhere, as I have enemies in Holland. If my son disgraces himself so
far, as to ask favours from the Dutch, he is unworthy to call me father.
If he chuses rather to be an Ensign with you, than a Captain among
others, he is mean-spirited, and forgetful of what he has been."
Diederic had a design of writing the history of the Duke of Weymar;
which project Grotius approved of, as worthy of a grateful mind. He sent
him word, that if he would set about this work whilst he was with
Marshal Bannier, he would make his court by it to that General, who had
it in his power to reward him. Diederic at last complied with his
father's desire, and went to Marshal Bannier's camp. He was made a
prisoner of war by the Bavarians in an unfortunate action near Dillingue
and Memingue, in the end of the year 1643. Grotius immediately set all
his friends to work to procure his son's liberty: he wrote to the famous
John de Vert, and applied to the Duke of Bavaria that he would be
pleased to send him back as soon as possible: and at the same time wrote
to his son to come to him as soon as he should be at liberty, that they
might consult together what was best to be done. Diederic sent his
father the history of the unfortunate action in which he was taken; and
Grotius printed it to give copies to his friends, and to send others to
the Swedish Ministry. Diederic was carried to Tubingen, from thence to
Ulm, and confined in a citadel between Ulm and Augsburg: he did not
continue there long: immediately on receiving his father's letter, the
Duke of Bavaria gave orders that Diederic might be set at liberty, after
settling his ransom, which was fixed at a thousand florins. He came to
Paris, and on his arrival Grotius wrote a letter of thanks to the
Elector of Bavaria, telling him, that as he had but one way to express
his gratitude, namely by promoting a general peace, which his Electoral
Highness wished for, he would do all in his power to bring it about. He
wrote to Ketner the Bavarian Minister to the same effect.
Diederic went back to serve under Marshal Turenne in Germany, and made
the campaign of 1644. He was again taken Prisoner, but soon released;
and served in the end of the same campaign. He was detached by the Duke
d'Anguien and Marshal Turenne to take Fridelshem and Neudstad, and was
afterwards sent by them to the Landgravine of Hesse: he acquitted
himself with honour of all the commissions that were given him. The Duke
d'Anguien spoke of him in the highest terms; and the Landgravine
received him in the best manner, in consideration of the services which
his father had done to the house of Hesse: he was sent a second time by
Marshal Turenne to the Landgravine. The Duke d'Anguien promised to take
care of this youth's fortune; and the approbation of a prince, who was
the Mars of his time and knew men so well, is the highest elogium that
could be given of Diederic.
He came to an unhappy end when but young and unmarried. Queen Christina
having abdicated the Crown in favour of Charles Gustavus, Diederic and
Cornelius Grotius took a resolution to wait on that Prince, who had
known and highly esteemed their father in France, with an intention to
offer him their services, and get employment. Setting out from Holland
with this design, they were got between Embden and Bremen, halfway to
Hamburg, when a villain, who had served Diederic several years as his
valet, resolved to murder both the brothers for the sake of their money:
he went in the night-time into Diederic's chamber, and shot his master
dead while asleep: he was preparing to serve Cornelius Grotius in the
same manner, but he was awake: he happened to be employed in composing
a Latin epigram. On hearing the shot, he took a pistol which lay on a
chair by his bed side, and seeing the murderer advance softly to him (it
was moon-light) he fired, and laid him flat on the floor: the people of
the inn got up on the noise, and delivered the villain, who was
dangerously wounded, into the hands of justice, and he was broke on the
wheel.
Hugo Grotius had also three daughters, Frances, Mary, and Cornelia;
Frances, the youngest, was born in October, 1626, before her time, her
mother being delivered of her in the eighth month: accordingly this
young person was short-lived, for she died in the beginning of the year
1628. Mary, his second daughter, died at Paris in the month of March,
1635, of the fatigue and cold she received in her journey to that city.
Grotius informed his father of her death by a letter[772] dated March
23, 1635, in which he tells him she died almost without pain, and with a
deep sense of religion. "My wife and I, says he, bear this misfortune
like people accustomed to adversity: besides, why should we call her
death a misfortune? has not God a right to take back what he gave? and
ought not we to flatter ourselves that she is arrived at that happy
state, which the young ought to long after as much as the old? We are
delivered from the care of procuring a husband for her: perhaps we
should have had much difficulty to find one that would have been
agreeable to her and to all her family: and even if we should have found
one that pleased us all at first, would there not have been room to
apprehend that he had concealed his true character for a time, and that
he would afterwards make her unhappy? She is now delivered from the
pains of bearing children, and bringing them up. More happy than her
mother, she will not see judges incensed against her husband, because he
is innocent: she will not be obliged to shut herself up in prison for
her husband; nor to lead a wandering life to accompany him. Let us
congratulate her that God has taken her out of the world before she knew
too much of the evil or what are called the good things of it. Let us
congratulate ourselves on her having lived with us as long as life was
agreeable to her, and free from any mixture of bitterness. What is there
at present in Christendom to make us desire life? Divisions in the
Church, bloody wars, men slaughtered, women violated, cruel murders, and
multitudes reduced to beggary; Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia pillaged;
the heirs of the most noble families reduced to the necessity of living
on alms, if it can be called living to drag out their days in misery,
wishing for death, which alone can put an end to it."
Cornelia, the eldest of Grotius's daughters, who survived her father,
married John Barthon, Viscount of Mombas, a Gentleman of Poitou, who was
obliged to quit France for having displeased Lewis XIV. He went to
Holland, from whence he was also forced to fly, having been involved in
the misfortunes wherein the De Wits perished, and which gave Peter
Grotius, his brother-in-law, so much uneasiness.
Grotius had a brother named William, with whom he kept up the greatest
intimacy during his whole life, and made him the confident of his
studies and designs. It appears by his letters that they lived in the
strictest friendship. Hugo, who was the eldest, contributed to his
brother's education, and directed his studies. We have a letter from
Grotius to his brother, dated at Rotterdam September 28, 1614,
containing a plan of study. "I am of opinion, says he, that in order to
acquire the knowledge of Law, before you touch upon law tracts you
should read with attention Aristotle's second and fifth book of Ethics,
to Nicomachus, or the excellent paraphrase of them published by
Heinsius; then Aristotle's Rhetoric, with the learned commentary on it;
afterwards Cicero's _Offices_, the _Paradoxes_, _De Finibus_, _Of Laws_,
the _Topica_, and _De Inventiene_. I could wish that whilst reading you
would make extracts, or at least mark in the margin of your book
whatever has relation to the Law of Nature and of Nations, to the origin
of Laws and Magistrates, to _Jus publicum et privatum_. When you have
done this, we shall think of the rest." It was Grotius who corrected his
brother's Law Theses.
William Grotius came to France in 1617 to learn the language; and
retiring to Senlis made great progress in it: he purposed to go to
Tours, and Grotius approved of his journey, because the air was pure,
and they spoke good French there.
William Grotius, as well as his brother, had a turn for theological
studies: he wrote something in verse on the Decalogue, which Grotius
mentions in a letter dated from his prison at Louvestein, November 1,
1620. "I have read with pleasure, he says, what you have done on the
Decalogue: the maxims are excellent, and the verses easy."
William had his brother's confidence during his whole life. Grotius
writes to him from Paris, April 14, 1622, "You are never weary of
assisting me under my afflictions: if ever fortune enables me to testify
my gratitude, I will forgive her all the tricks she has played me." He
was desirous, in the end of the year 1622, that his brother should
settle his matters so, as to come to see him in the beginning of the
following year; but this journey did not take place. Grotius's disgrace
affected his brother: he despaired of attaining to honours, and Grotius
advised him to think only of raising himself by the study of the Law.
In April 1623 he married Alida Grasvinkel. About this time a Dutchman
was seized at Lillo, with letters from William Grotius to his brother.
It was expected that something would be found in them against the State,
and they talked of nothing less than imprisoning him; but
notwithstanding the malice of his enemies, they could not find the least
pretext from these letters to trouble him. In the mean time William
followed the profession of an Advocate with much success: Grotius
compliments him on it in a letter of the 28th of November, 1625, in
which he tells him, that the life he led in shining at the bar was much
more agreeable than that which is spent in public employments.
William Grotius wrote about this time the lives of the Advocates, under
the title of _Vitæ Jurisconsultorum quorum in Pandectis exstant nomina,
conscriptæ a Gulielmo Grotio Jurisconsulto Delphensi_. He sent this book
to his brother, who writes to him that he read it with pleasure, and was
delighted to see a work which demonstrated his brother's genius,
learning, and good sense.
William Grotius, whose marriage had prevented his going to France to see
his brother, went thither however in 1629: he returned again to Holland.
William being desirous to have his brother's picture, Hugo had the
complaisance to sit for it, and send it to him. The enmity of the
Magistrates was still so violent at this time, that William made a
mystery of this picture; in which Grotius thought he acted very
prudently. In 1638 there was a talk of making William Grotius Pensionary
of Delft. The conditions on which the place was offered did not suit
him, and he declined it. This refusal was approved of by Grotius; for he
writes to him, March 13, 1638, "As to the place of Pensionary of our
native town, the more I think of it, the happier I imagine you in
having got rid of it, and in preferring honour to profit: for in these
times it would have been impossible to have preserved that place and
your honour."
The East-India Company chose him for their Advocate in 1639. Grotius
compliments his brother on it March 26, that year. "I always loved that
Company, he says: I look upon it as the support of the Republic; and if
I could be at present of any use to it, I would most gladly embrace the
opportunity."
Grotius's writings concerning Antichrist were approved of by William and
their Father. However, as there was reason to apprehend that the
printing of these pieces might increase the number and animosity of his
enemies, Grotius proposed to his Brother not to take upon him their
publication, especially as he might easily find persons that were far
from a factious spirit, who would willingly undertake it: but William
Grotius ran the hazard of this publication, without being frightened at
the consequences.
Grotius had always discovered great impatience when denied the tides of
honour due to the Ambassadors of crowned heads. He imagined it to be the
consequence of a plot of his enemies to depreciate him. William did not
approve of his brother's great heat on this subject: and thought there
was reason to presume that it was owing rather to inattention, than a
premeditated design. Grotius, whose mildness of temper was greatly
altered by his late disputes with the Reformed Ministers, as Henry de
Villeneuve observes in a letter to the Abbé Barcellini, was much
dissatisfied with his brother's manner of excusing those of whom he
thought he had reason to complain; and wrote to him very sharply on this
subject, December 12, 1643. "I imagine, says he, I see and hear you
pleading at the Bar: you find reasons to excuse my enemies for things
for which no body here excuses them: you blame me for things for which
no body here blames me, nor will any others except your Dutchmen. It is
fit that I should support my dignity: the thing is done on purpose; and
the Swedes, whom it concerns, would be offended with me if I acted
otherwise. I would therefore ask of you, for the future to address the
letters you receive for me to my wife; and I shall afterwards see what
is to be done."
This small altercation did not interrupt the friendship of the two
brothers, nor their correspondence by letters, which continued till
Grotius's death.
William, besides the book we have already mentioned, wrote another on
the law of nature, entitled, _Willelmi Grotii de principiis Juris
Naturalis Enchiridion_. This work is much inferior to the treatise _Of
War and Peace_. However, it has its merit, and is particularly valuable
for containing in a small compass all the principles of Natural Law
clearly displayed.
Grotius had still another brother, named Francis, who was the second son
of John Grotius. He died young. Grotius wrote a Poem on his death, and a
consolatory piece in Prose and Verse to his Father: they are both in the
collection of his Poems.
John Grotius had a daughter of fine accomplishments. Grotius acquaints
us[773], that she wrote an useful book on Widowhood, which was very well
done. The design of this work was not to condemn second marriages, but
only to shew that it was more becoming a reasonable woman to content
herself with having had one husband. After her death it was proposed to
print it; and Grotius, to make it a more considerable book, translated
into Dutch three treatises of Tertullian, one of St. Ambrose, two of St.
Chrysostome, and three of St. Jerom, on the same subject. We have not
learnt whether this Collection was ever published.
The END of the SIXTH and LAST BOOK.
FOOTNOTES:
[735] See the Testimonia at the end of Le Clerc's edition of the
treatise on the truth of the Christian religion, p. 344. & 351.
[736] Ep. 195. p. 813.
[737] Ep. 253. p. 832.
[738] Ep. 368. p. 859. & 369. p 860.
[739] Ep. 419. p. 875.
[740] Ep. 421. p. 876.
[741] Ep. 936 p. 415
[742] Ep. 1129. p. 510. & 1133. p. 512.
[743] Ep. 506. p. 885. 465. p. 886. 1371. p. 623
[744] Ep. 1607. p. 716. 1616. p. 717. 537. p. 916. 670. p. 958. & 678.
p. 960.
[745] Ep. 714. p. 968.
[746] Ep. 1746. p. 746. & 720. p. 970.
[747] Ann. de Basnage, t. 1. p. 700.
[748] Ep. 64. p. 773. 68. p. 774. & 72. p. 776.
[749] Ep. 258. p. 833.
[750] Ep. 324. p. 115.
[751] Ep. 326. p. 849.
[752] Ep. 353. p. 855.
[753] Ep. 357. p. 856.
[754] Ep. 364. p. 858. & 369. p. 860.
[755] Ep. 573. p. 225.
[756] Ep. 406. p. 870.
[757] Ep. 421. p. 876.
[758] Ep. 425. p. 876.
[759] Ep. 426. p. 877.
[760] Ep. 946. p. 419.
[761] See Book I. § 16.
[762] Ep. 455. p. 883. & 465. p. 887.
[763] Ep. 469. p. 887.
[764] Ep. 492. p. 896.
[765] Ep. 537. p. 916.
[766] Ep. 542. p. 918.
[767] Ep. 553. p. 924.
[768] Ep. 555. p. 925.
[769] Ep. 588. p. 933.
[770] Ep. 641. p. 949.
[771] Ep. 1257. p. 571.
[772] Ep. 377. p. 138.
[773] Ep. 550. p. 920.
A
CATALOGUE
OF
GROTIUS's WORKS.
_Hugeiani Grotii Batavi Pontifex Romanus, Rex Galliarum, Albertus
Cardinalis, Regina Angliæ, Ordines Foederati: ex officinâ Plantinianâ,
apud Christophorum Raphelengium, Academiæ Lugduno-Batavæ Typographum_,
1599.
Grotius's Poems are in two collections; the prophane, in that published
by his brother, which has gone through many editions; in the latter ones
are inserted the Tragedy of Sophomphaneus, the _Catechism_ in Latin
verse, and _Sylva ad Franciscum Augustum Thuanum_. See the _Life of
Grotius_ Book 1. § 13. B. 2. § 14. B. 5. § 2. The sacred poems were
printed, in quarto, at the Hague, in 1610, in a collection wherein we
find _Adamus exsul_, a tragedy; _Exordia quatuor Evangeliorum_;
_Paraphrasis metrica Hymnorum in Evangelio & Actis Lucæ, variique
Psalmi, & alia carmina_; _Martiani Minei Felicis Satyricon, seu de
nuptiis Philologiæ & Mercurii libri duo_; _& de septem artibus
liberalibus libri totidem: emendati & notis illustrati_.
_Lugduni-Batavorum_, 1599. See the Life of Grotius, B. 1. § 10.
Limneu[Greek: retichê], _sive portuum investigandorum ratio, metaphraste
Hugone Grotio Batavo: ex officinâ Plantinianâ, apud Christophorum
Raphelengium, Academiæ Lugduno-Batavæ typographum_, 1599. See the Life
of Grotius, B. 1. § 11.
_Hug. Grotii Batavi Syntagma Aratæorum, opus poëticæ & astronomiæ
studiosis utilissimum. Ex officinâ Plantinianâ, apud Christophorum
Raphelengium, academiæ Lugduno-Batavæ typographum_, 1600.
_Hoc opere continentur Arati Phoenomena, & Diosemeia Græcè Ciceronis
interpretatio H. Grotii versibus interpolata._
_Phoenomena Aratea Germanico Cæsare interprete, multo auctiora &
emendatiora, ope manuscripti profecti ex bibliothecâ nob. dom. Jacobi
Susii de Grisendorf._
_Ejusdem fragmenta Prognosticorum, imagines siderum Germanici versibus
interpositæ, ex manuscripto desumptæ, & a Jacobo Gheinia æri incisæ._
_Notæ H. Grotii ad Aratum._
_Notæ ejusdem ad Germanici Phoenomena._
_Notæ ejusdem ad imagines, in quibus siderum & singularum stellarum
nomina Arabica, Hebræa, Græca, & Latina, & situs exponuntur._
_Notæ ad Fragmenta Ciceronis._
_Festi Avieni paraphrasis, cum notis brevibus in margine appositis._
_Mare Liberum, seu de jure quod Batavis competit ad Indica commercia._
_Lugduni-Batavorum_, 1609. See the Life of Grotius, B. 1. § 19.
_De antiquitate reipublicæ Batavicæ._ _Lug. Bat._ 1610. See the Life of
Grotius, B. 1. § 20.
The theological works were printed in four volumes in folio, by the
heirs of Blaeu, at Amsterdam, in 1679.
The three first tomes contain the _Commentary on the Holy Scriptures_.
See the Life of Grotius, B. 1. § 14. B. 6. § 11.
The fourth volume contains divers theological pieces.
_De Veritate Religionis Christianæ._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. §
14. B. 6. § 9.
_Ordinum Hollandiæ & Westfrisiæ pietas ab improbissimis multorum
calumniis, præsertim vero a Sibrandi Luberti Epistolâ, quam
Archiepiscopo Cantuariensi scripsit, vindicata._ See the life of
Grotius, B. 2. § 16.
_Bona Fides Sibrandi Luberti._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 16.
_Ordinum Hollandiæ & Westfrisiæ decretum pro pace ecclesiarum, munitum
S. Scripturæ, Conciliorum, Patrum, Confessionum, & Theologorum
testimoniis._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 4. & 17.
_Oratio_ IX. _cal. Maii habita in senatu Amstelodamensi, versa è Belgico
sermone per Theodorum Schrevelium._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 6.
_Defensio decreti pro pace ecclesiarum._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2.
§ 16.
_De Imperio summarum potestatum circa sacra._ See the Life of Grotius,
B. 2. § 16.
_Defensio fidei Catholicæ de satisfactione Christi, adversùs Faustum
Socinum Senensem._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 16.
_Conciliatio dissidentium de re predestinatoriâ atque gratiâ opinionum._
See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 16.
_Disquisitio, an Pelagiana sint illa dogmata, quæ nunc sub eo nomine
traducuntur._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 16.
_Philosophorum veterum sententiæ de fato, & de eo quod est in nostrâ
potestate._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 16.
_Commentarius ad loca quædam Novi Testamenti de Antichristo._ See the
Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 12.
_Appendix ad Commentationem de Antichristo._ See the Life of Grotius, B.
6. § 12.
_Dissertatio de Coenæ administratione ubi Pastores non adsunt._ See the
Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 12.
_Dissertatio an semper communicandum per symbola._ See the Life of
Grotius, B. 6. § 12.
_Explicatio trium utilissimorum locorum N.T. in quibus agitur de fide &
operibus._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 12.
_Via ad pacem ecclesiasticam; quo tractatu continentur Bulla Pii Papæ
IV. super formâ juramenti professionis fidei exhibitâ invictissimo
Imperatori Carolo V. in comitiis Augustanis, 1530. Georgii Cassandri
Consultatio de articulis Religionis inter Catholicos & Protestantes
controversis. Hugonis Grotii Annotata ad Consultationem Cassandri,
ejusdem disquisitio de dogmatibus Pelagianis, ejusdem baptizatorum
institutio & de eucharistiâ; denique Syllabus auctorum, qui de
conciliatione controversiarum in religione scripserunt._
_Animadversiones in Andreæ Riveti animadversiones._ See the Life of
Grotius, B. 2. § 12.
_Votum pro pace ecclesiasticâ, contra examen Andreæ Riveti._ See the
Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 12.
_Rivetiani apologetici discussio._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 12.
_De summo sacerdotio._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 5. § 12.
_De dogmatis, ritibus, & gubernatione Ecclesiæ Christianæ._
_De dogmatis quæ reipublicæ noxia sunt aut dicuntur._
_M. Annæi Lucani Pharsalia, ex emendatione & cum notis H. Grotii. Lug.
Bat._ 1614. See the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 5.
_Dicta poëtarum quæ apud Joannem Stobeum extant, emendata & Latino
carmine reddita ab Hugone Grotio: accesserunt Plutarchi & Basilii Magni
de usu Græcorum poëtarum. Parisiis_, 1622. See the Life of Grotius, B.
2. § 14. B. 3. § 6.
_Apologeticus eorum, qui Hollandiæ, Westfrisiæ, & vicinis quibusdam
nationibus ex Legibus præfuerunt ante mutationem anni_ 1618. _Parisiis_,
1622. See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 14. B. 3. § 4.
_De Jure Belli ac Pacis Libri tres._ _Parisiis_, 1625. The best edition
of this celebrated work is that published at Amsterdam, in 1720, by John
Barbeyrac, who has translated it so happily. At the end of this edition
he subjoined a small tract of Grotius: _De equitate, indulgentiâ, &
facilitate, liber singularis._ See the Life of Grotius, B. 3. § 9.
_Excerpta ex tragoediis & comediis Græcis, tùm quæ extant, tùm quæ
perierunt: emendata & Latinis versibus reddita ab Hugone Grotio, cum
notis & indice auctorum ac rerum. Parisiis apud Nicolaum Buon_, 1626.
See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 14. B. 3. § 6.
_Grollæ obsidio, cum annexis anni_ 1627. _Amstelodami, apud Guillelmum
Blaeu_, 1629. See the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 14.
_Euripidis Tragoedia Phenissæ, emendata ex manuscriptis, & Latina facta
ab Hugone Grotio. Parisiis_, 1630. See the Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 14.
B. 3. § 7.
An Introduction to the Laws of Holland, in Dutch. Hague, 1631. See the
Life of Grotius, B. 2. § 14. B. 6. § 14.
_C. Cornelius Tacitus, ex J. Lipsii editione, cum notis & emendationibus
H. Grotii. Lugduni-Batavorum, ex officinâ Elzevirianâ_, 1640. See the
Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 3.
_Florum sparsio in Jus Justinianeum, & in loca quædam Juris Civilis.
Parisiis_, 1642. See the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 10.
_De origine gentium Americanarum dissertatio prior. Parisiis_, 1642. See
the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 13.
_De origine gentium Americanarum dissertatio altera, adversùs
obtrectatorem opaca bonum quem fecit barba. Parisiis_, 1643. See the
Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 13.
_Hugonis Grotii quædam hactenùs inedita, aliaque ex Belgicè editis
Latinè versa, argumenti theologici, juridici, politici. Amstelodami_,
1652.
_Consilium juridicum super iis, quæ Nassavii in Juliacum & Geldriam
competere sibi dicunt._
_Epistola ad Car. V. an Provinciæ Foederati Belgii inferendæ sunt
imperio Germanico._
_F. Thomæ Campanellæ Philosophiæ realis pars tertia, quæ est de
politicâ, in aphorismos digesta._
_De pace Germaniæ epistola ad clarissimum virum N.P. An supposititia sit
dijudicet sagax lector._
_Hugonis Grotii responsio ad quædam ab utroque judicum consessu objecta,
ubi multa disputantur de jure summarum potestatum in Hollandiâ
Westfrisiâque, & Magistratuum in oppidis._ See the Life of Grotius, B.
6. § 14.
_Historia Gothorum, Vandalorum, & Longobardorum; ab Hugone Grotio partim
versa, partim in ordinem digesta, cum ejusdem prolegomenis, ubi regum
Gothorum ordo & chronologia cum elogiis; accedunt nomina appellativa cum
explicatione. Scriptores sunt Procopius, Agathias, Jornandes, B.
Isidorus, Paulus Warnefridus. Amstelodami_, 1655. See the Life of
Grotius, B. 6. § 7.
_Annales & Historiæ de rebus Belgicis, ab obitu Philippi regis usque ad
inducias anni 1609. Amstelodami, anno_ 1657. See the Life of Grotius, B.
6. § 8.
_Hugonis Grotii Epistolæ, quotquot reperiri potuerunt. Amstelodami_,
1687. See the Life of Grotius, B. 6. § 15.
INDEX.
A.
Adamus exsul, a tragedy, 19.
Aligre, keeper of the seals, Grotius flatters himself with being
protected by him, 114
The services which he accordingly receives from him, ibid.
America, Grotius's treatise of the origin of its inhabitants, 275.
Amsterdam, that city favours the Gomarists, and declares against a
toleration, 50
Deputation sent to it on this subject, ib. et seq.
Anne of Austria, queen, is declared regent during the minority of her
son Lewis XIV., 230
Gives Grotius an audience, 231.
Anthologia, Grotius purposes to publish an edition of that
collection, 247
The several indexes he would have to it, 249
The printing of it begun, but stopt, 250
Where the original of this work is to be found, 251
The time employed by the author in it, ibid.
Antichrist, Grotius's book on that subject, 269
It occasions him many enemies, 270
Made a great noise among the enemies of the Romish Church, 271
The offence which it gave to the reformed, 272
A mistake of the author in this book, ibid.
Aratus, Grotius's edition of his Phoenomena, 16
Commended, ibid
A copy of this edition collated by Nicholas Heinsius, who added some
notes, 18.
Ardenne, battle of, 158.
Arminians, their conference with the Gomarists in presence of the states
of Holland, 41
Their remonstrance to the states, ibid
By whom it was drawn up, 45
A summary of their doctrine, 45
Acknowledge the civil magistrate to be judge of ecclesiastical
disputes, 46
Persecuted by prince Maurice, 59
Refuse to receive the synod of Dort, 60
Their protest against that assembly, ibid
Are condemned in it, 61
The pretexts they make use of against that synod, ibid
Favoured by prince Henry Frederic of Nassau, 107.
Arminius, his dispute with Gomar, 39 et seq.
His doctrine concerning predestination and grace, ibid
He is complained of to the synod of Rotterdam, 40
Presents a petition to the states of Holland and Westfriesland, ibid
et seq.
His death, 41
Grotius's Elogium of him, ibid.
Method proposed by him for a reunion of christians, 307.
Arnaud, his relation concerning Grotius's death, 241.
B.
Bacon, Lord, the reading of his Works gave Grotius the first hint of
compiling a system of natural law, 110.
Baillet, his judgment of Grotius's poems, 20
Of his annals of the Low Countries, 258.
Balzac, what he said of Grotius's poems, 20
His esteem for that learned man, 328.
Bannier, Marshal, his brother first put it into Grotius's head to enter
into the Swedish service, 136.
Barberin, Cardinal Francis, what he found fault with in Grotius's book
of war and peace, 113.
Barbeyrac, his commendation of Grotius's treatise of the rights of war
and peace, 100 et seq.
Character of his translation of that book, 111
His judgment of John de Felda's notes against it, 111, 112
Defects observed by Barbeyrac in it, 113.
Barlæus, his elogium of Grotius when a boy, 7.
Barnevelt, grand pensionary of Holland, his firmness in opposing the
earl of Leicester's designs, 9
Contributes to the nominating count Maurice of Nassau captain general,
ibid
Sent ambassador to Henry IV., 10
Success of his negotiation, ibid.
Grotius's connection with him, 29
The report it gave rise to, ibid
His behaviour in the dispute between the Arminians and Gomarists, 40,
46, et seq.
He and Grotius have the direction of the states conduct in this
affair, 44
Decree proposed by him to the states, 49
Rise of count Maurice's hatred to him, 50
Wants to resign his employments, 55
Arrested by count Maurice, 58
Crimes of which his enemies accuse him, 59
Is brought to his tryal, 62
Excepts against his judges, ibid
His condemnation, and its grounds, 63
The court of France interests itself in his behalf, ibid
His death and elogium, 65.
Baudius, his opinion of Grotius's poetical talents, 19
A candidate for the place of historiographer of the United Provinces,
which he yields to that learned man, 21
Scazon written by him in honour of Grotius, 327.
Bayle, his opinion of Grotius's project for reuniting the religions,
302.
Berthier, father, the jesuist, his information concerning the original
manuscript of Grotius's Anthologia, 251
What he says of his translation of the _Supplicantes_ of Euripides,
278.
Bignon, Jerom, advocate general, his observation to Grotius concerning
his Annals of the Low Countries, 258
His opinion of the treatise of the truth of the christian religion,
262
Cannot bear to hear Grotius accused of socinianism, 324
His esteem for him, 330.
Bishops, their authority favoured by Grotius, 288 et seq.
He says they were established by Christ, ibid.
Blondius, his ill treatment of Reigersberg, 317
How threatened by Grotius on that account, ibid.
Boissise, Thumeri de, on what occasion nominated ambassador from France
to Holland, 63
Success of his negotiation, 64
Receives Grotius at his arrival in France, 89.
Bossuet, his summary of the Arminian doctrine, 45
Accuses Grotius of favouring Socinianism, 319
Allows that he did not deny Christ's divinity, 320.
Bouhier, the president, his mistake concerning the year of Grotius's
birth, 4.
Boutillier, superintendant of the finances, makes Grotius offers of
service, 126
His conference with him concerning the treaty concluded in France with
the envoys of the allies, 147.
Boze, a collection of Grotius's letters in cipher in his cabinet, 282
Brandanus, Grotius's chaplain, 157
His character, ibid
Is turned away by Grotius, 158.
Briet, father, a jesuit, what he says of Grotius's disposition to turn
Roman Catholic, 301.
C.
Calvin, spoken of by Grotius with the greatest indignation, 287
His equivocal expressions concerning the Eucharist, 293.
Calvinists, Grotius disapproves of their sentiments on the Eucharist,
and reproaches them with their contradictions, 292
Capella, Martianus, Grotius's edition of that author, 13
The nature of his work, and its character, 13, 14
Its use, 15.
Carleton, the english ambassador in Holland, demands that Grotius should
be punished for writing the book of the Freedom of the ocean, 67.
Casaubon, Isaac, his commendation of Grotius's edition of Capella, 15
What he says of his edition of Aratus's Phoenomena, 17
Translates into Greek verse Grotius's Prosopopoeia of the town of
Ostend, 19
His commendation of his Christus patiens, ibid.
His opinion of his talents for poetry, ibid.
Henry IV. has thoughts of making him his librarian, 22
Difficulties that design meets with, ibid
Is nominated Librarian, ibid
Grotius contracts a great friendship with him, 31
His esteem for that learned man, 32
His thoughts of the re-union of the roman catholics with the
protestants, 33
The last testimony of his sentiments for Grotius, 33
Commends his Apology against Sibrand Lubert, 84
What Grotius says of Casaubon's resolution to turn Roman Catholic, 286
His opinion of the Roman Catholics of France, ibid.
Casaubon, Meric, his esteem for Grotius, 332
His elogium of Grotius in the Preface to Hierocles of Providence and
Fate, ibid.
Caumartin, is made keeper of the seals, 94.
Cerisante, nominated agent from Sweden at the court of France, 231
His character and birth, 232, 233
His adventures, ibid
Is dismissed by the queen of Sweden, 233
His disputes with Grotius, ibid.
Charenton, the ministers of, refuse to receive Grotius into their
communion on his first arrival in France, 90
His discussions with them when he returned in quality of ambassador
from Sweden, 154
Send a deputation to him, 155.
Charles I. of England, invites Grotius into that kingdom, 187.
Charles Lewis, Elector Palatine, purposes to put himself at the head of
the Weymarian army on the duke of Weymar's death, 215
Goes into France, and is arrested, 216
Is conducted to Vincennes, 217
Princes who interest themselves in procuring his liberty, 217
He comes out of prison on certain conditions, ibid.
Chavigny, his negotiations with Grotius, 159
Treats with him concerning a truce that was proposed, 201
Another negotiation between them concerning the elector Palatine's
discharge, 218
Christenius, John, his satisfaction on seeing Grotius when he was in
France, 331
Esteem with which he speaks of him, ibid.
Christian IV. King of Denmark, his offers to Grotius to draw him into
his service, 131.
Christina, queen of Sweden, state of affairs at her accession to the
throne, 92
Her right to the crown disputed, ibid
Approves of Grotius's nomination to the French embassy, 169
Honours paid by her to Grotius at his return to Sweden, 237
Her present to him at his departure, 238
Accused of shortening that learned man's days, 243
Purchases several of his manuscripts after his death, 279
Her compliment to his widow on the death of her husband, 332.
Church, Grotius's thoughts of her infallibility, and the submission due
to her, 297.
Clement, St. publication of his epistle, 297
Grotius's thoughts of it and of the second letter ascribed to him,
ibid.
Clerc, Le, his relation of the manner of Grotius's death, 241
Gives hopes of his publishing an edition of that learned man's
Anthologia, 250
His opinion of his commentary on the Scriptures, 269.
Colomiez, his opinion of Grotius's treatise of the truth of the
christian religion, 267
Elogiums of Grotius related by him, 329
His own opinion of him, ibid.
Condé, prince of, Grotius dedicates his Capella to him, 15
Is entirely in Grotius's interest, 93
Renews his acquaintance with him on his arrival in France in quality
of ambassador from Sweden, 145
Their conversation together, 200.
Contra-remonstrants. See Gomarists.
Cornets, Cornelius, who he was, 1
His marriage with Ermengarda de Groot, 2
A branch of his family in Provence, ibid
His children, ibid.
Corraro, the Venetian ambassador at Paris, Grotius's complaint against
him, 184
How the affair was made up, ibid.
Crellius, answers Grotius's book against Socinus, 321
That learned man's letters to Crellius on this subject, 322.
Crusius, a Swedish lord, his quarrel with Schmalz, 206.
D.
D'Avaux, acts against Grotius, 173
his Negotiation with Salvius for a renewal of the alliance between
France and Sweden, 228.
Daube, his opinion of Grotius's treatise of the rights of war and peace,
113.
Dead, Grotius's opinion of praying for them, 294.
Desmarets writes with great bitterness against Grotius's treatise on
Antichrist, 272
His answer to him, ibid.
Desnoyers, secretary at war, treats with Grotius about a truce, 204.
De Vic made keeper of the seals, 93
Grotius flatters himself with being favoured by him, ibid
Services which De Vic doth that learned man, 94
His death, ibid.
D'Or, Francis, enters into Grotius's service as his chaplain, 158
Who he was, ibid
Turns Roman Catholic, and not censured by Grotius, 288.
Dort, Synod of, its convocation, 55
the holding of that assembly, 60
It proscribes the Arminians, 61.
Douza, John, his Elogium of Grotius when a boy, 7.
Du Maurier, ambassador from France to Holland, 35
Grotius gives him a method of study, ibid
He sends Grotius a recommendation for France, 88
Gives him false hopes of a return to his country, 117.
Du Maurier, the son, his account of the circumstances attending
Grotius's death, 241
His criticism of his letters, 280.
Du Moulin, Lewis, what he says to Grotius's advantage, 333.
Duncomius, what he writes Vossius concerning Grotius, 332.
Dupuis, Henry, congratulates Grotius on his escape out of prison, and
makes him an offer of his services, 81, 82.
Dupuis, Mess. visit Grotius on his arrival at Paris, 90
His great intimacy with them, 317.
Duræus, minister of the church of Sweden, seconds Grotius's project of
pacification, 305
Obstacles to the execution of his design, 306.
Du Vair, keeper of the seals, his esteem for Grotius, 92
Letter to him assuring him of his friendship, ibid
His death, 92
Compliments Grotius on his good intention of forming a coalition of
all christians, 303.
E.
Elizabeth Queen of England takes the United Provinces under her
protection, 8
Her treaty with them, ibid.
English, their dispute with the Dutch concerning the Greenland fishery,
29
Were the first who disputed with cardinal Richelieu the privileges of
the cardinalship, 170
Their broil with the Swedes about precedency, 184.
Episcopius, is deposed by the synod of Dort, 61
What Grotius writes to him concerning the Eucharist, 291
Regards that learned man as his oracle, 329.
Estrades, an anecdote related by him of prince Henry Frederic of Nassau,
107
Is displeased with Peter Grotius pensionary of Amsterdam, 348.
Eucharist, Grotius is at first prejudiced against the opinion of the
Romish church concerning this sacrament, 291
His thoughts of it afterwards, ibid.
Euripides, most esteemed by Grotius of all the tragic poets, 278
Several of his pieces translated by him, ibid.
F.
Fabricius, his opinion of Grotius's Commentary on the Scriptures, 269.
Felda, John de, his notes against Grotius's treatise De jure belli et
pacis, 111.
Freiras, Francis Seraphin, his answer to Grotius's treatise of the
freedom of the Ocean, 26.
G.
Gettichius, his opinion of Grotius's writings concerning Antichrist,
271.
Gilot, James, his praise of Grotius when a boy, 7.
Gomar, rise of his dispute with Arminius, 39
His doctrine concerning predestination and grace, 40
Is summoned to appear before the magistrates, ibid
What he says there, ibid.
Gomarists, their conference with the Arminians in presence of the States
of Holland, 41
On what occasion they were called Contra-remonstrants, 45, 46
Are favoured by the people, 46
Disturbances raised by them, ibid
Their complaint against the edict published by the States, 49
Separate from the communism of the Arminians, 50.
Goths, Grotius writes their antiquities, 252
The plan and design of this work, ibid
Its publication, 255.
Grasvinkel, Theodore, who, 112
undertakes a defence of Grotius's treatise of war and peace, ibid.
Gronovius, suspected by Grotius of having availed himself of his notes
on Tacitus, 246.
Groot, Cornelius de, his birth, 2
His employments, 2, 3
His death, 3
Leaves several Pieces in MS., ibid.
Groot, Diederic de, origin and signification of his name of Groot, 1
Marries his daughter to Cornelius Cornets, 2.
Groot, Ermengarda de, who she was, 1, 2
Her marriage with Cornelius Cornets, ibid
Her children, 2.
Groot, Hugo de, his birth, 2
How he distinguished himself, ibid
His death, ibid
His children, ibid.
Groot, John de, studies under Justus Lipsius, 3
That learned man's esteem for him, ibid
His works, ibid
His employments, 4
Verses by Heinsius in his praise, 4
His marriage and children, ibid
His death, ibid
Assists his son Grotius in the edition of Martianus Capella, 15
His verses on his son's marriage, 21
Translates into dutch, in conjunction with him, his book of the
antiquities of the Batavi, 28
Directs his grandson Diederic Grotius's studies, 352.
Grotius, Cornelia, Grotius's eldest daughter, her marriage with viscount
Mombas, 357.
Grotius, Cornelius, son of Hugo, his studies, 338
Enters into the high chancellor Oxensteirn's service, 339
Goes to serve under the duke of Weymar, 339
His fickleness, ibid
His death, 341.
Grotius, Diederic, son of Hugo Grotius, distinguishes himself by his
studies, 352
Enters into the duke of Weymar's service, 353
Diverted by his father from entering into the Dutch service, ibid
Goes to serve under marshal Bannier, and is made prisoner, 354
Obtains his liberty, ibid
Serves under marshal Turenne, 355
The duke D'Anguien's esteem for him, ibid.
His death, ibid.
Grotius, Frances, Grotius's youngest daughter, her birth and death, 356.
Grotius, Francis, brother of Hugo Grotius, verses by the latter on his
death, 361.
Grotius, Hugo, whence he derived the name of Grotius, 1
his family and ancestors, ibid
Æra of his birth, 4
Great hopes given by him in his childhood, 5
Writes elegiac verses at eight years of age, 6
The good education he receives, ibid
Rise of his connection with Utengobard the clergyman, ibid
His studies at Leyden, his masters, and the progress he makes, ibid
His first journey to France, 11
Honours he receives from Henry IV., ibid
Takes the degree of Doctor of Laws, ibid
His correspondence with the president de Thou, 11, 12
His elogium of that magistrate after his death, 13
Pleads his first cause, ibid
His edition of Martianus Capella, ibid
The praise this work procures him from the Learned, 15
His management with the booksellers, ibid
Translates into latin the Limneu[Greek: retichê] of Stevin, 16
Publishes an edition of Aratus's Phoenomena, 16
Compliments he received on it from several men of learning, 17
Cultivates poetry, 18
His prosopopoeia of the town of Ostend, ibid
His tragedies, and their success, 19
Opinion of the learned concerning his poetical talents, ibid
Edition of his poems, 20
His own thoughts of them in the latter part of his life, 21
Nominated Historiographer of the United Provinces, ibid
Henry IV. has thoughts of making him his librarian, 22
Applies to the bar, 23
His method of pleading, ibid
Takes a dislike to this occupation, ibid
Appointed advocate general of the provinces of Holland and Zealand,
23, 24
His marriage, 24
His book of the freedom of the ocean, ibid
His own thoughts of this work, 26
His book De antiquitate Reipublicæ Batavicæ, 27
Nominated pensionary of Rotterdam, 28
Contracts an intimacy with Barnevelt, 29
Makes a voyage to England, about the Greenland fishery, 29
Nominated commissioner in this affair, 30
Is graciously received by king James I., 31
The great friendship he contracts with Casaubon, ibid
His esteem for that learned man, ibid
A grand question decided by the States of Holland according to
Grotius's opinion, 33, 34
The method of study sent by him to Du Maurier, 35
His elogium of Arminius, 41
He declares for his doctrine, ibid
The remonstrance of the Arminians drawn up in concert with him, 45
He and Barnevelt have the sole direction of what the States do in this
affair, 47
Rise of count Maurice's enmity to him, 50
Deputed by the States to the town of Amsterdam, 50
His speech on that occasion, 51
The bad success of his negotiation throws him into a fit of illness,
53, 54
His scheme for a coalition proves ineffectual, 54, 55
Deputed to Utrecht, 56
Arrested by order of prince Maurice, 58
The crimes he is accused of by his enemies, 59
His prosecution, and sentence, 66
Rotterdam interests itself for him in vain, ibid
Hard-heartedness and rage of his enemies, 66 et seq.
His condemnation, and its grounds, 68
Confutes them, and complains of his sentence, 72
Irregularity of his sentence, 73
Is removed to the fortress of Louvestein, 74
His employment in prison, 75
Makes his escape, 78
His Apology for the States of Holland against Sibrand Lubert, 79
Publishes another work concerning predestination and grace, 84
Prints the decree of the States, and its defence, ibid
His treatise De imperio summarum potestatum circa sacra, 85
Writes against Socinus, 86
Censure it draws upon him, ibid
Publishes a tract, proving that the Arminians are not Pelagians, 87
His work on destiny, ibid
He arrives at Paris, 89
Ill offices which the States do him by their ambassadors in France,
ibid
Has no reason to speak well of the ministers of Charenton, 90
Epigrams occasioned by his arrival in France, 91
The court grants him a pension, 93
A report spread of his going to change his religion, 95
His employment at Paris, 96
His opinion of the eloquence of the advocates of those times, 96
Publishes his Apology, 97
Its contents, 98
It is condemned by the States, who proscribe the author, 99, 100
His uneasiness on this subject, 100
Taken by the French king under his protection, 101
The connections he still keeps up in Holland, 102
Corresponds by letters with prince Henry Frederic of Nassau, 102
Publishes his Stobeus, 103,
and his extract of the Greek tragedies and comedies, 104
Begins his work De jure belli ac pacis, 105
Is taken ill, 106
Publishes a translation of Euripides's Phoenissæ, 106
Writes in vain to prince Henry Frederic of Nassau to obtain leave to
return to Holland, 107
Publishes his treatise De jure belli ac pacis, 108
Purposes to leave France, 113
A place offered him in Denmark, which he refuses, 115
His conference with cardinal Richelieu, by whom great hopes are given
him, 116
Grotius returns to Holland, 118
Gains an important law-suit, 120
Disgusts he receives, 121
Is again outlawed by the States, 121
Leaves Holland, and goes to Hamburg, 125
Refuses a pension from France, 127
His thoughts on the education of children, 129
His first acquaintance with Salvius, 130
Is courted by several princes, 131
Is desirous of a reconciliation with Holland, 133
The high Chancellor Oxensteirn sends for him, ibid
His veneration for the great Gustavus, ibid
Goes to Oxensteirn at Francfort, 136
Is nominated ambassador from Sweden to France, ibid
His public declaration that he ought no longer to be looked on as a
Dutchman, 137
His journey to and arrival in France, 141
Objections made to his nomination, 142
His public entry into Paris, 143
His first audience of the king, 144
Renews his acquaintance with the Prince of Condé, 145
His conference with Boutillier and father Joseph concerning the treaty
concluded in France with the envoys of the allies, 147
Another conference on the same subject with cardinal Richelieu, 150
His discussions with the ministers of Charenton, 154
Resolves to have divine service celebrated in his own house, 156, 157
His several journeys to court, and negotiations with the ministers,
158 et seq.
His audiences of the cardinal, 162, 164, 167
Abstains from visiting his eminence, 170
Becomes odious to the court, 172
Accused of being a pensioner of France, 174
Disgusts he receives, 175
Is uneasy about the payment of his salary, 178
The Venetian ambassador contends with him for precedency, 179
Opposes the Swedes sending plenipotentiaries to the congress of
Cologn, 181
His dispute with Godefroy concerning the right of precedency between
France and Sweden, 182
Another dispute with the Venetian ambassador, 183
His explanation with the earl of Leicester in relation to the
precedency of England and Sweden, 186
Several audiences which he has of the king, 189
Compliments the queen on her pregnancy, 196
His conversation with the prince of Condé, 200
His negotiation with Chavigny concerning the truce that was proposed,
ibid
Smalz's bad behaviour to him, 204
Is in great danger of his life, 207
His compliments to the king and queen on the birth of the Dauphin, 210
His esteem for the duke of Weymar, 215
Labours to obtain the elector Palatine's liberty, and succeeds, 218
He negotiates the exchange of marshal Horn for John de Vert, 225
The share he has in the renewal of the alliance between France and
Sweden, 228
His small regret for the death of cardinal Richelieu, 230
Visits not cardinal Mazarine, 231
His audience of the queen mother, ibid
The regency of Sweden are instigated against him, 232
The distaste he takes to his embassy, ibid
Desires be recalled, which request is readily granted, 233, 234
The gracious letter queen Christina writes to him on that subject,
234
His departure for Stockholm, 235
Honours he receives by the way, 236
His reception in Sweden, 237
He asks leave to retire, ibid
His departure from Stockholm, ibid
Anecdote concerning his last audience of the queen, 238
Conjectures to which his departure gave rise, 238
His arrival at Rostock, and his death, 239
Reports spread in relation to it, 241
His epitaph by himself, 244
His portrait, ibid
His embassy did not interrupt his literary labours, 244
He again cultivates Poetry, 245
His notes on Tacitus, 246
On Statius, ibid
On Lucan, ibid
His Anthologia, 247
His prodigious readiness at writing, 251
His history of the antiquity of the Goths, 252
The account he gives of this work to the high chancellor, ibid.
His annals of the Low Countries, 256
His treatise of the truth of the christian religion, 259
Is accused, on account of this book, of Socinianism, 260
His defence, ibid
His Florum sparsio ad jus Justinianeum, 263
His Commentary on the scriptures, 264
His esteem for father Petau, 266
His writings on Antichrist, 269
The many enemies they stir up against him, 270
His treatise of faith and good works, 273
His Via ad pacem ecclesiasticam, ibid
Expects his reward from posterity, ibid
His writings against Rivetus, 274
His other theological works, ibid
His treatise of the origin of the Americans, 275
His history of the siege of Grolla, 277.
His Introduction to the laws of Holland, ibid
His other writings, ibid
His translation of the Supplicantes of Euripides, 278
Manuscripts he left at his death, ib. et seq.
His Letters, and their praise, 279
Why censured, and for what esteemed, 280, 281
His circumspection with regard to the news he wrote to the high
Chancellor, 281
His sentiments in relation to the Jesuists, 282, 288
His veneration for antiquity, ibid
Leans towards the Roman Catholics, 284
His elogium of pope Urbin VIII., ibid
His disesteem of the reformers, ibid
Disapproves of the separation of the protestants, 286
Indignation with which he speaks of Calvin, 285, 287
Is a partisan of the Hierarchy and the pope's supremacy, 288
Entertains hopes of reuniting christians, 290
His sentiments concerning the Eucharist, 291
A kind of formula proposed by him in relation to it, 292
Justifies the decision of the council of Trent concerning the number
of sacraments, 294
His sentiments on several other controverted points, ibid.
His fondness for the works of the apostolic fathers, 297
What order of Monks he most esteemed, 299
In what manner he speaks of the council of Trent, ibid
What has been said of his disposition to turn Roman Catholic, 300
His connections with father Petau, ibid
His religion problematical, 301
His project of reuniting all christians, 302
Proposes to Lewis XIII. to pacify the differences which prevailed in
Christendom, 304
What encouraged him in this project, 306
Flatters himself with being supported by cardinal Richelieu, 307, 312
His letter on this subject to baron Oxensteirn, 307
Communicates to his father his project of a coalition, 309
The shortest way which he proposed of bringing it about, 310
Entertains hopes of success, 311
His connection with father Petau on this occasion, 313
The enemies which this design raised up to him, 314
It embroils him with Salmasius and several others, ibid
He becomes suspicious and peevish, 317
Is accused of socinianism, 318
His vindication from this charge, 319
His letters to Crellius, 321
Is accused of being a Semi-pelagian, 325
Other accusations brought against him, ibid.
Elogiums and opinions of the learned concerning him, 326
Medals struck in honour of him, 337
His regard for the church of England, 338
Plan of study sent by him to William Grotius, 357
Altercation between them, 360.
Grotius, William, prints his brother's poems, 20
Grotius directs his studies, 357
His verses on the Decalogue, 358
The confidence which his brother places in him, ibid
His marriage, 359
Is a successful pleader, ibid
His Lives of the advocates, ibid
Refuses the place of pensionary of Delft, ibid.
The East India Company chuse him for their advocate, 360
His altercation with his brother, 360
His book on the Law of Nature, 361
The merit of this work, ibid.
Grotius, Mary, second daughter of Grotius, her death, 356
Grotius's letter to his father on that occasion, ibid.
Grotius, Peter, advice given him by his father with regard to his method
of pleading, 23
What he relates concerning his father's Annals of the Low-Countries,
259
His bad state of health while a child, and his studies, 341
His uncertainty what course of life to follow, 344
Applies to the study of the law, 346
Uneasiness which his irresolution gives his father, ibid
His marriage, 347
The edition which he purposed to publish of his father's works, ibid
Enters into the service of the elector Palatine, 348
Is nominated pensionary of Amsterdam, ibid
Rise of his displeasure against France, ibid.
Goes ambassador to Stockholm, 349
His great knowledge of men, 349
Is made pensionary of Rotterdam, and nominated ambassador from
Holland to France, 350
Success of his embassy, ibid
Involved in the disgrace of the De Wits, 351
Arrested and acquitted, ibid
His death, 352
His elogium by Vicquefort, ibid.
Gustavus, king of Sweden, Grotius great veneration for that prince, 133
His esteem for Grotius, 135
Purposes to engage him in his service, ibid
Gives orders before his death for employing him in the Swedish
ministry, ibid
The value he set upon his treatise of War and Peace, ibid.
H.
Heemskerke, Elselinga, her family, and marriage with Hugo de Groot, 2
Her children, ibid.
Heinsius, Daniel, his elogium of Grotius when a boy, 7
His Aristarchus Sacer, 264
The rival and secret enemy of Grotius, ibid
Ill success of his commentary on the New Testament, 266
Grotius's management of him, ibid.
Verses by Heinsius to be put under Grotius's picture, 330.
Heinsius, Nicholas, 18, 351.
Henry IV., the reception given by him to Grotius, 11.
Hoffman, calls Grotius the Phoenix of his age, 334.
Holland, the counts of, who was the first, 27
Their power and authority, ibid.
Holland, the states of, their first regulation with regard to the
Arminians and Gomarists, 41
They declare for a toleration, 46.
Their edict on this subject, 47
Authorise the magistrates of the towns to raise troops, 49
Deputation sent by them to the town of Amsterdam, and its success, 50,
57
Vain scheme prepared by them for a re-union, 54
Afraid of the holding of a national synod, why, 55
Deputation sent by them to Utrecht, on what occasion, 56
Consent to the holding of the synod of Dort, 60
Their complaints against the imprisonment of Barnevelt, and the rest,
61
They are accused of favouring Socinianism, 82
Their apology by Grotius, ibid.
Holland, the grand pensionary of, his office, and power, 29.
Hoogerbetz, pensionary of Leiden, deputed to Utrecht, on what occasion,
56
Arrested by order of prince Maurice, 58
Is condemned to perpetual imprisonment, 73
Is removed to the fortress of Louvestein, 74
He comes out of prison, 107
His death, ibid.
Horn, Marshal, made prisoner at the battle of Norlinguen, 139, 225
Grotius negotiates his exchange for John de Vert, 225.
Houteville, the Abbé de, his opinion of Grotius's treatise of the truth
of the christian religion, 263.
Huet, his thoughts of the project of reuniting christians, 302.
I.
James I. king of England, the gracious reception he gives Grotius, 31
He approves of the project of that learned man and Casaubon for a
coalition of the Protestants and Roman Catholics, 33
Does not disapprove, upon the whole, of the edict published by the
States in the dispute between the Arminians and Gomarists, 49
What he finds fault with in it, ibid
Assistance given by him to his nephew the elector Palatine, 215.
Jeannin, the president, writes a letter to Grotius, inviting him to
France, 88
His friendship for him, 93.
Images, Grotius's thoughts on the use of Images in churches, 294.
Joseph, Father, a Capuchin, cardinal Richelieu's confident, 147
Confers with Grotius on the treaty concluded in France with the
ambassadors of the allies, ibid
Another conference between Grotius and the Cardinal, at which father
Joseph was present, 159
Confers with Grotius concerning the subsidies, 161
A warm opposer of Grotius, 173
Wants to be treated as a minister, ibid.
Jurieu, his account of the circumstances attending Grotius's death, 241.
L.
Laet, John de, attacks Grotius's book on the origin of the Americans,
275
Grotius's answer, and Laet's reply, 277.
Laurent, James, Grotius advises him to read the works of Vincent de
Lerins instead of Calvin's Institutions, 285
Reproaches Grotius with changing sides, 299.
Ledenberg, secretary of the city of Utrecht, arrested by order of prince
Maurice, 57
Makes away with himself in prison, 60.
Lehman, his elogium of Grotius, 334.
Leicester, earl of, made governor and lieutenant general of the United
Provinces, 9
Makes a bad use of his power, ibid
Sent ambassador extraordinary to France, 171
ordered not to visit cardinal Richelieu, ibid
His conference with Grotius, concerning the precedency of the English
and Swedes, 186
Solicits the elector Palatine's liberty, 217
Negotiation with Grotius on that subject, 218.
Limneu[Greek: retichê], the design of that work, and its author, 16
Translated by Grotius into latin, ibid.
Linchovius, hinders Peter Grotius from being made Greffier of Amsterdam,
347.
Lipsius, Justus, John de Groot studies under him, 3
Lipsius's esteem for him, ibid
Letter which he writes to him, ibid
His commendation of Grotius's edition of Aratus, 17
His opinion of the tragedy entitled Adamus exsul, 19.
Lewis XIII. in vain solicits a pardon for Barnevelt and his associates,
63
Grants Grotius a pension on his arrival in France, 94
Out of regard to him takes under his protection such as were condemned
in Holland, 94
Takes Grotius under his special protection, 101
The treatise of war and peace dedicated to him, 109
Grotius proposes to him the pacification of the differences among the
churches, 304.
Lewis XIV. the confederation which he expresses for Peter Grotius, 349.
Low Countries, Grotius's Annals of the, 256
Baillet's opinion of this book, 258.
Lubert, Sibrand, writes against Vossius and the States of Holland, 82
Is confuted by Grotius, ibid
His answer to this confutation, 84.
Lusson, preceptor to Grotius, 6.
Lusson, William de, his endeavours to serve Grotius, 126
The latter's acknowledgments to him, 127.
M.
Malherbe, translates into French verse Grotius's Prosopopoeia of the
town of Ostend, 19.
Mallet, what he says in his book on atheism of Grotius's religion, 325.
Manassah Ben Israel, Grotius's particular esteem for that Jew, 264
Mazarine, cardinal, made prime minister, 230, 231
Grotius does not visit him, ibid.
Meibomius, his elogium of Grotius, 334.
Menage, his epigram on the diversity of sentiments concerning Grotius's
religion, 302
In what terms he speaks of that learned man's merit, 327.
Menagiana, anecdote related in it concerning Grotius's last audience of
queen Christina, 238
What it says of his death, 241
And of father Petau's thoughts of Grotius's disposition to turn
Catholic, 301.
Mercoeur, the duke de, styled by Grotius the most learned of all the
princes, 144
His adventures, ibid.
Meursius, his high commendation of Grotius when very young, 7, 326.
Mombas, John Barthon viscount of, driven out France, 349, 357.
Marries Cornelia, Grotius's eldest daughter, and is obliged to leave
Holland, 357.
Morhof, calls Grotius the phoenix of his age, 334.
N.
Nassau, prince Henry Frederic of, corresponds by letters with Grotius,
102
Succeeds count Maurice his brother in the post of Stadtholder, 107
He enters not into the projects against the Arminians, ibid
Approves of the proceedings of the states general against Grotius,
123.
Nassau, count Maurice of, rise of his hatred against Grotius and
Barnevelt, 50
Declares for the Gomarists, ibid
The project of re-union rejected by him, 55
Causes Barnevelt, Grotius, and Hoogerbetz to be arrested, 58
Persecutes the Arminians, 59
Is offended at the court of France for protecting Barnevelt and the
other prisoners, 64.
O.
Ocean, contents of Grotius's treatise on the freedom of the ocean, 24
The several answers to it, 26.
Oldemburg, his elogium of Grotius, 334.
Orange, William prince of, his death, 8
What confusion it occasions in the United Provinces, ibid.
Ostend, Prosopopoeia of that town, written by Grotius, 18
The great character of this piece, ibid.
Overchie, Alida, her marriage with John de Groot, 4
Her family, ibid
Her death, ibid.
Oxensteirn, high Chancellor of Sweden, sends for Grotius, 133
Is his patron at Gustavus's court, 135
Nominated regent of Sweden during the minority of queen Christina,
ibid
Opposes the treaty made with France by the envoys of the allies, 147
His journey to France and arrival at court, 151
Makes a new treaty with the french king, 153
His satisfaction with Grotius's preface to his history of the
antiquity of the Goths, 255.
Oxensteirn, Benedict, a relation of the high Chancellor, sent to France
by king Gustavus, 134
Esteem which he conceives for Grotius, ibid.
P.
Patin, Guy, what he says of the manner of Grotius's death, 242
His elogium of that learned man, 333.
Patiniana, what it says of Grotius's pretended inclination to judaism,
325.
Pau, ambassador from Holland to France, at a loss how to behave to
Grotius, 144
The ill offices which he doth him, 173
Petau, Father, Grotius's esteem for him, 266
Sends him his commentary on the Gospels, ibid
His connection with Grotius, 300
Says mass for his soul, 301
The account he gives of his first acquaintance with that learned man,
313.
Peyresc, Nicholas, visits Grotius on his arrival at Paris, 90
Sets him about writing the treatise of war and peace, 108
Services which he did him when compiling his annals of the Low
Countries, 259
His esteem for him from his youth, 327.
Pontanus, Isaac, his elogium of Grotius when a boy, 7, 326.
Pope, Grotius maintains and proves his supremacy, 288.
Provinces, United, state of their affairs at Grotius's birth, 7
Embassy sent by them to Henry III. of France, ibid
refuse to make peace with Spain, 10
Embassy sent by them on that subject to Henry IV., ibid
Refuse the truce offered them, 11
Nominate Grotius to be their historiographer, 21
See Dutch.
Puffendorf, allows that little remained to be said after what Grotius
had written of war and peace, 110.
Q.
Quistorpius, John, minister of Rostock, assisted Grotius at his death,
239
Relation which he gives of it, ibid.
R.
Reigersberg, Grotius's brother-in-law, troubles which Grotius's enemies
endeavoured to stir up to him, 119
Blondius's ill treatment of him, 317.
Reigersberg, Mary, her birth, 24
Her marriage to Grotius, and her elogium, ibid
Is denied permission to continue with him, even to see him, or speak
with him during his imprisonment, 59, 66
Obtains liberty to see him in his prison at Louvestein, 74
The means she made use of to obtain his liberty, 78
Is confined, but afterwards discharged, 80, 81
Comes to her husband at Paris, 93
Her journey to Zealand, and return, 105
Goes to her husband at Francfort, 136
Waits on the french queen to compliment her on her pregnancy, 196
Her answer to Salmasius's slanders against her husband, 337
Professes the religion of the church of England, 338
Her death, ibid.
Religion, Grotius first composes in Dutch verse his treatise of the
truth of the christian religion, 76
Afterwards publishes it in latin, 259
The general approbation, and several translations of this work, 259,
260
Accusation brought against the author on account of it, 260
A new edition of it with additions, 262
The opinion of the learned concerning this performance, ibid.
Remonstrants, see Arminians.
Renaudot, publishes an article in his Gazette which gives offence to
Grotius, 186.
Richelieu, cardinal, seems to blame the conduct of Mess. de Luynes with
regard to Barnevelt's death, 66
Nominated prime minister, 116
Confers with Grotius, ibid
Gives him great hopes, ibid
His stratagem to make the Swedes comply with his desires, 149
Is unwilling the high Chancellor should come to France, 151
Makes a new treaty with him, 153
The English dispute the privileges of his cardinalship, 170
He purposes to take Brisac out of the duke of Weymar's hands, 213
His uneasiness at not gaining that prince, ibid
Is suspected of contributing to cut him off, 214
The death of the cardinal, 230
Gives orders that Grotius's works may be printed without passing the
examination of the censors, 266
Grotius flatters himself without reason that the cardinal will favour
his project of re-uniting christians, 312
The cardinal ranks Grotius among the three most learned men of his
age, 330
Rights of war and peace, the author's view in writing this book, 109
Barbeyrac's commendation of it, 110
Translations of it, 110, 111
Its defects, 112
Put into the Index Expurgatorius at Rome, 113.
Rivetus, how he treats Grotius with regard to his writings in favour of
a coalition, 274
Grotius's answer, ibid.
Ruarus, his opinion of Grotius's writings on Antichrist, 271
His judgment of Grotius's scheme for a coalition, 316.
S.
St. Chaumont, the marquis, sent ambassador from the French king into
Germany, 164
Is disliked by Grotius, ibid
Is ordered to demand Grotius's recall, 172.
Saints, Grotius's opinion of the invocation of Saints, 295.
Salvius, vice-chancellor of Sweden, the esteem he conceives for Grotius,
135
Advantageous report which he makes of him to the high chancellor,
ibid.
Sandes, translates Grotius's tragedy, entitled Christus Patiens, into
English verse, 19.
Sarrau, his friendship for Grotius, 315
Rise of their quarrel, ibid
Rank which Sarrau assigns Grotius in the republic of letters, 316, 332
How he speaks of him after his death, 332.
Salmasius, his opinion of Grotius's poems, 20
Speaks with contempt of his treatise of the rights of war and peace,
111
His character, ibid
He communicates to Grotius his corrections of the Anthologia, 247
A coldness between him and Grotius, 285
Rise of their difference, 315
In what manner he spoke of Grotius during their friendship, 334
The letter, in which he cruelly treats that learned man's memory, 335
The answer of Grotius's wife to it, 337.
Scaliger, Joseph, is looked upon as the dictator of the republic of
letters, 6
Directs Grotius's studies, ibid
Engages him to publish a new edition of Martianus Capella, 4
His encomium of Grotius's edition of the Phoenomena of Aratus, 17
His testimony in Grotius's favour, with regard to the Prosopopoeia of
the town of Ostend, 18
His thoughts of his poetical talents, 19.
Schmalz, 202
Ill offices which he does Grotius, 204
Grotius complains of him to the High Chancellor, ibid
Schmalz's quarrel with Crusius, 205
He continues to injure Grotius, 206
His return to Sweden, ibid
Sequel of his adventures, 207.
Scriptures, holy, studied by Grotius at all times, 97
His commentary on them, 264
Opinion of the learned concerning it, 268 et seq.
Seguier, chancellor, the affront he put upon Grotius, 175, 227
The difficulties he throws in his way with regard to the printing his
commentary on the New Testament, 267.
Selden, his Mare clausum, on what occasion it was composed, 26
The instance he gives of the rage of Grotius's enemies against him,
67.
Servien, secretary at war, is visited by Grotius, 160
Promises him his good offices in the affairs he recommended to him,
161.
Sibrand, See Lubert.
Silleri, chancellor, his irresolution, 100
Grotius thinks of dedicating his Stobæus to him, 104.
Simon, his opinion of Grotius's Commentary on the Bible, 268
Sophomphaneus, a tragedy by Grotius, 19, 130.
Soul, Grotius falsly accused of disbelieving its immortality, 326.
States General, entirely devoted to prince Maurice, 55
Convene the synod of Dort, ibid
Disband the new levies, 56
The placard issued by them in relation to the imprisonment of
Barnevelt and the others, 58
The ill offices they do Grotius by their ambassadors on his arrival at
Paris, 89
Condemn his Apology, and proscribe him, 95
The new ordinance which they publish against him, 123.
Statius, Grotius's notes on that poet, 246.
Stobeus, the subject and use of his work, 103
Grotius gives a new edition of it, ibid
A copy of it found with notes in Grotius's hand writing, 104.
Swedes, state of their affairs when Grotius entered into their service,
137
Their defeat at the battle of Nordlinguen, 139
The assistance they received from Lewis XIII., ibid
Discussions between them and France, 146
The difficulties they make about the treaty concluded with that crown
by the envoys of the allies, 147
Grotius diverts them from sending plenipotentiaries to the congress at
Cologn, 181
Their dispute with the English for precedency, 184
Consternation into which they are thrown by the death of the duke of
Weymar, 215
Renew their alliance with France, 228.
T.
Tacitus, Grotius's notes on that historian, 246.
Thou, the president de, Grotius's esteem and veneration for him, 11
Their correspondence together, 12
The friendship which that magistrate expresses for Grotius, ibid
Grotius's elogium of him, 13
His approbation of Grotius's edition of Martianus Capella, 15
commends his edition of Aratus's Phoenomena, 17.
Thou, Francis de, son of the president, generously gives Grotius the use
of his library, 105
His visit to him on his arrival in France in the character of Swedish
ambassador, 141.
Trent, council of, its decision concerning the number of sacraments
defended by Grotius, 293
Respect with which he spoke of that council, 299.
V.
Valois, M. what he says of Grotius's connection with father Petau, and
his disposition to turn Roman Catholic, 300.
Vassor, character of that historian, 281
His judgment of Grotius's letters, ibid.
Venice, its ambassador disputes with Grotius for precedency, 179
another discussion between them, 183
Vert, John de, made prisoner by the duke of Weymar, 194
Is exchanged for marshal Horne, 227.
Voëtius, attacks Grotius's treatise of the truth of the christian
religion, 260
Grotius's opinion of his criticism, ibid.
Vondel, a famous Dutch poet, translates Grotius's tragedy of Joseph into
Dutch, 19
His conjectures concerning Grotius's departure from Stockholm, 238.
Vossius, Gerard, his encomium of Grotius on occasion of his edition of
Martianus Capella, 15
His opinion of the tragedy of Joseph, 19
His thoughts of his poetical talents, 20
Grotius gives him an account of his studies while in prison, 75
His commendation of Grotius's Apology against Sibrand Lubert, 84
The pains he took to keep Grotius in Holland, 122
His letter, containing that learned man's reasons for returning
thither, 124
The value he set upon Grotius's notes on Lucan, 246
Grotius complains of his too great timidity, 270
His poem in honour of Grotius, 328.
Vossius, Isaac, inherits his father's esteem for Grotius, 248
Offers him his service for his literary commissions, 249
Superintends the printing of the Anthologia, 250.
Urbin VIII., 180
His elogium by Grotius, 284
Gives the cardinals the title of Most eminent, 334.
Utengobard, prepares the remonstrance delivered to the States by the
Arminians, 45
The esteem with which he speaks of Grotius, 328.
Vulcanus Bonaventura, his encomium of Grotius on occasion of his edition
of Aratus's Phoenomena, 17.
W.
Wallæus, Antony, letters written to him by Grotius, concerning his
religious sentiments, 282, 283.
Weymar, duke of, confidence which he placed in Grotius, 215
Wicquefort, his encomium of Grotius, 333
In what manner he speaks of Peter Grotius his son, 352.
Witt, the grand pensionary de, advises Peter Grotius to prefer the place
of pensionary of Rotterdam to that of ambassador at the court of France,
350.