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SUBJECT INDEX
ABLUTIONS, i. 53-56, ii. 294, 295, 352-354, 358-359, 415, 416, 726
Abortion, i. 378, 408, 409, 413-417, ii. 705
_Accessio_, ii. 50
Accident, injuries due to, i. 217-240, 315, 316, 319, ii. 714;
benefits due to, i. 318 _sq._;
the future state of persons who have died by, ii. 238, 239, 241
Acts, i. 203-206
Adopted children, rules of inheritance relating to, ii. 46;
maternal affection for, ii. 187-189
Adoption, of prisoners of war, i. 336;
of unintentional manslayers, i. 484;
the blood-covenant represented as a rite of, ii. 206 _sq._;
marriage between relations by, ii. 369, 374, 375, 748-750, 752
Adultery, ii. 447-455;
punishment of, i. 189, 311, 492, 521, 630, ii. 447-45. 452,
453, 558;
self-redress in case of, i. 290-293, 491 _sq._, ii. 447;
as a ground for divorce or judicial separation, ii. 397, 455;
supposed to injure the harvest, ii. 417, 747;
stigmatised by religion, ii. 447, 448, 450, 453-455, 675, 676,
684, 686, 700, 717;
refuge denied to persons guilty of, ii. 632 _sq._
Aesthetic emotions, i. 326
---- judgments, i. 8
Affection. See Altruistic sentiment;
Conjugal, Filial, Fraternal, Marital, Maternal, Paternal,
Social affection
Age, restrictions in diet depending on, ii. 319 _sq._ See
Children, Old age, Old persons, Seniority
Agricultural tribes, the position of women among, i. 660 _sq._;
slavery among, i. 673, 674, 681;
social aggregates of, ii. 201;
sympathy for domestic animals among, ii. 506, see Oxen
Agriculture, originally a feminine pursuit, i. 634, 635 n. ^4, 637;
moral valuation of, ii. 273-277, 280, 402
Albinos, religious veneration of, ii. 590
All Souls, ii. 550
All-father. See Supreme beings
Alliance, prohibition of marriage between relations by, ii. 369, 377
Alms, connection between sacrifices offered to gods and, i. 565-569;
between fasting and the giving of, ii. 316-318;
between offerings to the dead and, ii. 550-552;
to be given with an ungrudging eye, and not before witnesses,
i. 594.
See Charity
Altruistic sentiment, the, its origin and development, ch. xxxiv.
(ii. 186-228);
i. 94, 95, 110-114, 129, 373, 468, 559, ii. 494-506, 510-514.
See Conjugal, Filial, Fraternal, Marital, Maternal, Paternal,
Social affection
Ancestors. See Dead
Anger, the nature and origin of, i. 21-23, 30, 38-42;
in animals, i. 22, ii. 51;
in children, i. 22 _sq._;
towards inanimate things, i. 26, 27, 260-263, 315;
appeased by repentance, i. 87;
sympathetic resentment produced by the cognition of the signs
of, i. 114 _sq._;
injuries inflicted in, i. 290-298, 311, 316 _sq._;
a cause of suicide, ii. 233
Animals, regard for the lower, ch. xliv. (ii. 490-514), i. 11 _sq._;
anger in, i. 22, ii. 51;
revenge taken upon, i. 26, 27, 251-253, 255, 256, 258;
revenge taken by, i. 37 _sq._;
self-regarding pride in, i. 39, ii. 137 _sq._;
retributive kindly emotion in, i. 94;
sympathetic resentment in, i. 112, ii. 52;
killing of sacred, i. 227, ii. 603-606, 609;
of totemic, ii. 210, 603, 604, 606;
{838} of various kinds of, see Killing;
eating of totemic, i. 227, ii. 210, 211, 323, 324, 606;
credited with a conscience, i. 249-251;
not responsible for their acts, i. 249-251;
treated as responsible agents, i. 251-260, 264, 308;
believed to take vengeance upon men, i. 252, 258, ii. 491, 497,
500, 502, 504, 603;
subject to regular punishment, ii. 253-260, 264, 308;
sexual intercourse between men and, i. 253 _sq._, ii. 409, 749;
believed to be rewarded or punished after death, i. 258 _sq._;
regarded as on a footing of equality with man, i. 258-260, ii.
494, 510;
non-moral resentment in the case of injuries inflicted by, i. 316;
sacrificed instead of human victims, i. 469 _sq._;
sacrificed for the purpose of saving the lives of men or of
other animals, i. 469 _sq._, ii. 616 _sq._;
their desire to appropriate and to keep that which has been
appropriated, ii. 51;
maternal affection among, ii. 186-190, 193;
paternal affection among, ii. 189, 190, 193;
conjugal attachment among, ii. 191 _sq._;
abstinence from eating various kinds of, ii. 319-335;
from eating any kind of, ii. 335-338, 499;
belief in the transmigration of human souls into, ii. 324, 328,
338, 490, 496, 500, 504, 516, 517, 693, 709 _sq._;
homosexual intercourse among, ii. 456, 466, 475 n. ^2;
their fear of strange phenomena, ii. 582 _sq._;
worship of, ii. 590, 598;
sheltered by sacred places, ii. 627-629, 631, 635
Animism, ii. 595-597
Annihilation of the soul, belief in the, ii. 236, 515, 516, 559,
565, 580, 679
Anthropomorphism, ii. 595, 597-600
Antipathies, disinterested, i. 116, 117, 533, 713 _sq._, ii. 113,
166, 185, 227, 262, 266-268, 291, 334, 335, 351, 368, 372-375,
381, 382, 403, 404, 434, 439, 440, 483, 484, 744-746
Antivivisectionists, ii. 512, 514
Apes, the man-like, paternal care among, ii. 189 _sq._;
the duration of their conjugal unions, ii. 192;
not gregarious, ii. 195;
chiefly monogamous, ii. 391.
See Monkeys
Arbitration, i. 368 _sq._
Arms, stealing of, i. 287, ii. 14;
regarded with superstitious veneration, i. 506;
oaths taken upon, i. 506, ii. 119-121
Arson, i. 187, 188, 293, 676, ii. 633
Asceticism, ii. 281, 315-318, 355-363, 421
Astronomical changes, abstinence from work connected with, ii.
284-288, 747;
fasting connected with, ii. 309-315
Asylums, ii. 628-638;
i. 221, 224, 295-297, 307, 308, 380, 427, 579, 580, 585, 668,
669, 690, 692, 696
Atheism, ii. 643 _sq._
Atonement. See Expiation, Expiatory sacrifice
---- the day (fast) of, i. 65, ii. 311, 312, 316, 357-359. 617
Attempts to commit crimes, i. 200, 241-247, 374
"BAD," analysis of the concept, i. 134
Badger-baiting, ii. 509
Bananas, abstinence from, ii. 321
Banishment, as a punishment, i. 46, 58, 172, 173, 224, 225, 227,
228, 267, 287, 312, 424, 601, ii. 4, 6, 7, 10, 12, 74, 123 n. ^1,
331, 424, 425, 452, 475 n. ^10, 478, 525
Baptism, i. 55, 411, 416, 417, 666, ii. 295, 417, 721-723
Barrenness of a wife, human sacrifices offered in cases of, i.
457 _sq._;
a cause of polygyny, ii. 388
Bear-baiting, ii. 508-510
Beating, as a religious rite, ii. 294, 357-359
Beef, abstinence from, ii. 327, 330
Bees, prohibition of killing, ii. 490
Beliefs, as subjects of moral judgments, i. 215 _sq._
Benefit of Clergy, i. 491
Benevolence, ch. xxxiii. (ii. 153-185). See Charity, Hospitality
Bestiality, i. 253 _sq._, ii. 409, 749
Birds, defending their nests, ii. 51;
paternal care among, ii. 189 _sq._;
the duration of conjugal unions among, ii. 192
---- of night, abstinence from eating, ii. 333
---- of prey, prohibition of eating, ii. 321
Blasphemy, ii. 639, 640, 719
Blessings, materialistic conception of, i. 98, 562;
pronounced by {839} recipients of gifts, i. 561-565;
gods appealed to in, i. 562, 564 _sq._, ii. 686, 731;
of strangers, i. 581-584, ii. 446;
of parents, i. 621-627;
of old persons, i. 626;
in salutations, ii. 151
Blood, effusion of, at funerals, i. 26, 27, 476, ii. 544, 545, 547;
abstinence from, i. 187, ii. 334 _sq._;
as a religious rite, i. 470 _sq._, ii. 294, 557;
pollution of, i. 225, 232, 233, 375-382, ii. 256 _sq._ n. ^2,
262, 714;
shedding of, prohibited in sacred places, i. 380, ii. 635;
offered to the dead, i. 475 _sq._;
drunk or licked in blood-revenge, i. 483 _sq._;
as a conductor of curses, i. 586, 587, 591, ii. 69, 118-121,
208, 209, 566, 567, 618-622, 687-689;
primitive ideas concerning, i. 664 n. ^1;
oaths taken upon, ii. 118-121, 621, 622, 687-689;
supernatural or medicinal effect ascribed to the partaking of
human, ii. 564 _sq._
See Cannibalism
---- -covenant, the, ii. 206-209, 566 _sq._
---- -money. See Compensation for homicide
---- -revenge, i. 477-492, ii. 748;
collective responsibility in, i. 24, 25, 30-36, 43;
vow of, i. 58;
restricted to the actual culprit, i. 71;
a cause of social disturbance, i. 182 _sq._;
in cases of accidental injury, i. 217, 218, 231 _sq._;
taken upon animals, i. 251-253, 255 256, 258;
upon lunatics, i. 271;
connection between inheritance and, ii. 54 _sq._;
between the system of tracing descent and, ii. 211
Bodily integrity, the right to, ch. xxii. (i. 511-525);
of the dead, ii. 516 _sq._;
of gods, ii. 602, 610
Boundaries. See Landmarks
Brother, killing of a, ii. 256 _sq._ n. ^2.
See Fraternal affection, duties
---- the elder, allowed to inflict corporal punishment upon the
younger one, i. 515;
respect for, i. 605, 606, 614;
curses of, i. 626, ii. 703
Buffaloes, abstinence from the flesh of, ii. 320, 322;
prohibition of killing, for food, ii. 330
Buildings, human sacrifices offered at the foundation of, i. 447
n. ^5, 461-465;
animals sacrificed at the foundation of, ii. 617
Bull-baiting, ii. 509 _sq._
Burglary, i. 187, 312, ii. 58, 633
Burial, ii. 521-523, 525-527. 542, 543, 546-548, 704;
depending on the mode of death, i. 26, ii. 238-240, 246, 248,
252, 255 _sq._;
denied to suicides, ii. 238, 250, 549;
to murdered persons, ii. 239, 549;
to persons struck by lightning, ii. 2 39, 549;
to persons who have killed a parent, brother, or child, ii. 256
_sq._ n. ^2;
of criminals, ii. 694
Butchers, regarded as unclean, ii. 493;
despised, ii. 498
Butter, abstinence from, ii. 326
CALUMNY, ii. 140-142;
against dead persons, ii. 519, 552
Calves, abstinence from slaughtering, ii. 331
Camels, revenge in, i. 37 _sq._;
abstinence from the flesh of, ii. 332, 334 n. ^2
Cannibalism, ch. xlvi. (ii. 553-581);
old persons victims of, i. 390, ii. 554, 568 _sq._;
practised for medicinal purposes, i. 401, ii. 562, 564 _sq._;
the firstborn a victim of, i. 458 _sq._, ii. 562;
as a punishment, ii. 4, 367, 554, 558 _sq._;
considered polluting, ii. 538, 575 _sq._
Carelessness, i. 210-212, 305-310, 317 _sq._
Castes, intermarriage between different, ii. 379. See Rank
Casuistry, ii. 100, 101, 117
Cats, sympathetic resentment in, ii. 52;
abstinence from eating, ii. 327, 330, 332;
taken for spirits in disguise, ii. 491;
their fear of strange phenomena, ii. 583
Cattle, stealing of, i. 187 _sq._, ii. 14;
abstinence from killing, ii. 330, 493 _sq._;
reverence for, ii. 331 _sq._;
affection for, ii. 331, 494.
See Beef, Calves, Cows, Oxen
---- -rearing, largely a masculine pursuit, i. 634, 636.
See Pastoral peoples
Celibacy, ch. xli. (ii. 399-421);
a cause of unchastity, ii. 432;
of homosexual practices, ii. 467
Character, i. 214, 215, 310-314, 318 _sq._;
the innate, i. 325 _sq._
Charity, ch. xxiii. (i. 526-569);
as a duty emphasised by religion, i. {840}549-558, 561-569, ii.
669, 672, 699, 705, 711, 717, 718, 725, 726, 732.
See Alms
Charms, made from dead bodies, ii. 204, 546;
against the evil eye, ii. 256 n. ^2;
put in tombs, ii. 701
Chastity, ch. xlii. (ii. 422-455);
suicide as a means of preserving, ii. 242, 251 _sq._;
fasting the beginning of, ii. 318;
required in connection with the religious cult, ii. 406-421, 736
Chiefs, tied by custom, i. 161 _sq._;
justice administered by, i. 173-176, 180-184, 490 _sq._;
protecting foreigners and persons who have no relations, i. 180;
killing of, i. 43;
human sacrifices offered for the purpose of saving the lives
of, i. 454-456, 466;
sacrificed, i. 466;
the practice of compensation encouraged by, i. 490 _sq._;
disrespect for, punished by gods, i. 626;
proprietary rights of, ii. 33;
suicide committed on the graves of, ii. 234;
labour suspended on the death of, ii. 284;
abstinence from fish after the death of, ii. 301;
treatment of the dead bodies of, ii. 527;
cannibalism practised by, ii. 558, 574;
their tombs asylums, ii. 630;
their houses asylums, ii. 636;
their persons asylums, ii. 636 _sq._
See King.
Children, the subjection of, ch. xxv. (i. 597-628);
cursed or blessed by their parents, i. 58, 538, 621-627, ii.
703, 715. 716 n. ^2, 732;
punished if convicted of a design to kill their father or
mother, i. 245;
parents killing their infant, i. 378 394-413, 633, ii. 562, 752 _sq._;
killing their parents, i. 383-386, 522, ii. 256 _sq._ n. ^2;
killing or abandoning their aged parents, i. 386-390, 606, 607,
612, 620;
eating their parents, i. 390, ii. 554, 568 _sq._;
parents killing their grown-up, i. 393 _sq._, ii. 256 _sq._ n. ^2;
a father's affection for his, i. 401, 402, 405, 529-533, ii.
187-190, 193, 397, 748;
a mother's affection for her, i. 405, 529-531, ii. 186-190,
193, 748;
eaten by their parents or others, i. 401, 458 _sq._, ii. 554,
555, 562, 568 _sq._;
parents exposing their new-born, i. 406-412, 689;
sacrificed to save the lives of their parents, i. 455, 456,
459-461;
sacrificed by their parents, i. 455-461;
committing suicide on the death of their parents, i. 473;
parents inflicting corporal punishment upon their, i. 513-515,
607, 610;
using violence against their parents, i. 513 624 _sq._, ii. 677;
parents' duty of taking care of their, i. 526-533;
their duty of taking care of their parents, i. 533-538;
their respect for their parents, i. 534-538, 600, 601, 607-613,
616-628, ii. 194;
their affection for their parents i. 534-538, 618, ii. 194, 748;
for their mothers, i. 618, 659;
their duties to their parents emphasised by religion, i. 536,
537, 608, 610, 612, 613, 616, 617, 620-627, ii. 711, 714, 715,
716 n. ^2, 717 732;
cursing their parents, i. 564;
sold as slaves by their parents, i. 599, 607, 609, 611, 612,
615, 675, 681, 682, 684, 685, 689, 691 _sq._;
proprietary incapacities of, ii. 27, 28, 57;
rules of inheritance relating to, ii. 44-49, 53-57;
telling a falsehood in the presence of their parents, ii. 96;
addressing abusive language to their parents, ii. 142;
their duties to their parents, ii. 166, 748;
parents' duties to their, ii. 166, 748;
parents committing suicide on the death of their, ii. 232, 244
n. ^3;
parents fasting after the death of their, ii. 298-300;
fasting after the death of their parents, ii. 298-301;
punished after death for inflicting injuries upon their
parents, ii. 715;
adopted, see Adopted children;
illegitimate, see Illegitimate children
Children, young, the anger of, i. 22 _sq._;
sympathetic resentment in, i. 112;
their ideas of right and wrong, i. 115;
their respect for the customary, i. 159;
injuries committed by, i. 217, 218, 264-269, 316;
treatment of, in war i. 335, 336, 342, 343, 369 _sq._;
sacrificed, i. 454-461;
their desire to appropriate and to keep that which has been
appropriated, ii. 51;
truthfulness and mendacity of, ii. 88 n. ^5, 111 n. ^3, 116,
117, 124-126, 129;
disposed to believe what they are told, ii. 109;
their {841} dislike of that which is strange or unfamiliar, ii. 227;
the altruistic sentiment in, i. 228;
treatment of the dead bodies of, ii. 526, 527, 549;
their fear of strange phenomena, ii. 583;
the future state of, ii. 673, 727;
the future state of unbaptised, ii. 721-723
Chivalry, i. 352-355
Clan, the, i. 627 _sq._, ii. 202, 213, 214, 216-220, 222 _sq._
Class distinction, cleanliness a, ii. 351
Classes, intermarriage between different, ii. 379-382. See Rank
"Classificatory system," the, ii. 393
Cleanliness, ii. 346-356;
ceremonial, ii. 294, 295, 352-354, 358, 359, 415-420, 700 n.
^5, 705, 718, 726, 752
Climate, connection between industry and, ii. 269-271;
between cleanliness and, ii. 349 _sq._
Cock-fighting, ii. 509 _sq._
Cocks, prohibition of eating tame, ii. 330
Cocoa, abstinence from, ii. 321;
religious veneration of, ii. 591
Common enjoyment of merits, i. 96-99
---- responsibility, in blood-revenge, i. 24, 25, 30-36, 43, 71;
in the case of punishment, i. 43-48, 69-72;
in the case of sin, i. 48-57, 61-72
"Communal marriage," ii. 445
Community of goods, ii. 50 _sq._
Compacts, sealing of, i. 587, ii. 622-624
Compensation, the relation between punishment and, i. 168 _sq._;
for involuntary destruction of property, i. 222-225, 38 _sq._;
for bodily injuries, i. 511-513, 517-520, 524 n. ^3, ii. 263;
for the seduction of an unmarried woman, ii. 425, 426, 436 _sq._;
for rape, ii. 438;
for adultery, ii. 447 _sq._
---- for homicide, i. 183, 484-491;
if committed accidentally, i. 217, 219-221, 224, 226;
if committed by a child, i. 268;
by an idiot, i. 272;
if the victim is a woman, i. 420 _sq._;
if the victim is a slave, i. 423;
influenced by the rank of the victim, i. 430 _sq._
---- for sin, i. 86 _sq._
Compulsion, injuries committed under, i. 284, 285, 316, 319;
confounded with causation, i. 322-326
"Compulsion by necessity," i. 285-287, ii. 1
Conduct, i. 202, 203, 214, 215, 314
Confession, i. 84 _sq._, ii. 360
Conjugal affection, i. 113, 532 _sq._, ii. 190-193;
its influence on the form of marriage, ii. 192, 389, 391;
on the duration of marriage, ii. 397;
on moral ideas concerning unchastity, ii. 439 _sq._
Conscience, i. 105-107, 123-125;
an unjust retributer, i. 15 _sq._;
animals credited with a, i. 249-251
Contributions, military, ii. 27
_Contubernium_, of slaves, i. 693, 697, 706 _sq._;
between freemen and slaves, ii. 381
Cooking, abstained from after a death, ii. 304-306
Corporal punishment, ii. 520-525
Cosmopolitanism, ii. 176-179, 182-185
Courage, admiration of, i. 16, 117, ii. 16, 58, 273, 590;
the duel regarded as a test of, i. 509;
suicide regarded as a test of, ii. 251, 261 _sq._;
approved of by the supreme being, ii. 679;
the future state of a warrior supposed to be determined by his,
ii. 698
Couvade, the, ii. 205
Covenanting rites, i. 334 _sq._, ii. 622-624, 686.
See Blood-covenant
Cowardice, forgiveness of enemies regarded as a sign of, i. 73,
74, 485, ii. 145;
the secret commission of offences despised as, ii. 58, 96 _sq._;
lying a sign of, ii. 113;
suicide regarded as an act of, ii. 240, 262
Cow-dung, a means of purification, i. 54, ii. 353, 545;
suicide committed in, ii. 244
Cows, contact with, regarded as purifying, i. 54;
prohibition of eating the flesh of, ii. 327, 330;
the killing of, abstained from or prohibited, ii. 330, 331, 497;
reverence for, ii. 332.
See Cattle
Coyness, female, ii. 435
Cremation, i. 476, ii. 522, 523, 526, 527, 542, 543, 546-548;
of suicides, ii. 256 _sq._
Criminals, absence of remorse in, i. 90 n. ^1;
punished in public, i. 191 {842}_sq._;
detection of, i. 193;
sacrificed, i. 439, 440, 467, 471 _sq._, ii. 651;
enslaved, i. 518, 675, 676, 681, 682, 685, 688-691, ii. 7, 8,
12, 13, 74;
eaten, ii. 4, 367, 554, 558 _sq._;
their blood partaken of, ii. 464 _sq._;
treatment of the bodies of, ii. 527, 528, 549.
See Asylums, Punishment
Crops, robbery of, i. 287, ii. 14 _sq._;
human sacrifices offered for the purpose of securing good, i.
443-451;
unchastity supposed to injure the, ii. 417, 747
Cross, the, ii. 256 n. ^2
Cross-roads, i. 502, ii. 256, 256 _sq._ n. ^2
Crown, miraculous virtue attributed to the royal, ii. 608 n. ^4, 753
Crucifixion, ii. 256 n. ^2
Cruelty to animals, ii. 496, 508-510
Curiosity, ii. 109, 110, 135, 149, 595, 597
Curses, materialistic conception of, i. 57-61, 70, 233 _sq._, ii.
583. 584, 703;
holiness not allowed to be defiled by, i. 58, 625, ii. 638;
of parents, i. 58, 538, 621-627, ii. 703, 715, 716 n. ^2, 732;
of the poor, i. 561-565;
of magicians and priests, i. 563;
of saints, i. 563, 622;
of dying persons, i. 563, 626, ii. 245;
of dissatisfied guests, i. 584-594, ii. 715, 732;
of dissatisfied refugees, i. 585, 587 _sq._, ii. 636-638;
of old persons, i. 622, 626;
of husbands, i. 626;
of elder brothers and sisters, i. 626, ii. 703;
of superiors, i. 626 _sq._, ii. 703;
of women, i. 668;
of slaves, i. 716;
of their masters, ii. 703;
of kings, ii. 703;
personified and elevated to the rank of supernatural beings, i.
60, 379, 482, 561, 585, 623, 624, 626, ii. 68, 116, 715, 732;
transformed into attributes of gods, i. 379, 561, 562, 585,
624, ii. 68, 116, 715;
supernatural beings appealed to in, i. 561, 564 _sq._, ii.
66-68, 120-123, 658, 686-690, 699, 731;
supernatural beings exposed to men's, i. 564, 566, 585, ii.
584, 585, 618-624, 636, 638, 656-659, 700;
conducted by various vehicles, i. 586-594, ii. 121, 151, 208,
209, 567, 622-624, 687-690;
by blood, i. 586, 587, 591, ii. 69, 118-121, 208, 209, 618-622,
687-689;
by human blood or flesh, ii. 566 _sq._;
in reception ceremonies and salutations, i. 590 _sq._, ii. 151;
pronounced on thieves or as a means of protecting property, ii.
62-69, 703;
sacrifices to gods as a means of transferring, ii. 618-624, 658;
method of protecting the king against criminals, ii. 637;
prayers assuming the character of, ii. 656-659;
contained in ordeals, ii. 687-690;
influencing men's state in the future life, ii. 692, 693, 708,
709, 715 _sq._
See _L-[(]âr_
Customs, and laws as expressions of moral ideas, ch. vii. (i.
158-201);
rules of duty, i. 118-122, 159-162;
their relations to laws, i. 163-166;
stronger than law and religion combined, i. 164;
the variety of, i. 327 _sq._;
the rigidity of ancestral, ii. 519, 520, 541;
transgressions of, punished by gods, ii. 670, 728;
instituted by the supreme being, ii. 671
DARK, prohibition of eating in the, ii. 309
Daughters, committing suicide on the death of their parents,
i. 473.
See Children
Days, tabooed, ii. 283-289, 747
Dead, regard for the, ch. xlv. (ii. **515-552);
human sacrifices to the, i. 26-28, 472-476, 486, ii. 234, 450,
451, 518;
vindictiveness of murdered, i. 232, 372, 375, 376, 378, 379,
406, 476, 481 _sq._, ii. 559 _sq._;
the property of the, i. 399, ii. 44, 518, 539 _sq._, see
Inheritance, Wills;
the treatment of old persons influenced by beliefs regarding
the, i. 620 _sq._;
interred in the field belonging to the family, ii. 66 n. ^1;
charms made from the bodies of the, ii. 204, 546;
offerings to the, ii. 302, 303, 400-404, 517, 518, 524, 539,
547 550, 692, 700, 701, 704, 708, _cf._ Alms;
polluting influence attributed to the, ii. 303, 537 _sq._;
marriages of the, ii. 400;
self-regarding pride attributed to the, ii. 519;
beliefs as regards the character and activity of the, ii.
528-535, 693;
fear of the, ii. 535-546, 548-550, 576;
believed to be easily duped, ii. 548;
worship of the, ii. 591, 596;
revenge taken by the living upon {843} the, ii. 692 _sq._;
supposed to be taken by the dead upon other, ii. 693 _sq._
See Annihilation, Burial, Cannibalism, Cremation, Funeral rites,
Future life, Future state, Mourning, Scalping, Suicide,
Transmigration, Vampires
Death, attributed to the influence of magic, i. 24, 29, ii. 534, 651;
self-mutilation after a, i. 26, 27, 476, ii. 524, 528, 544,
545, 547;
work suspended after a, ii. 283, 284, 306;
polluting influence ascribed to, ii. 283, 302-307, 416,
536-539, 544 _sq._;
to self-inflicted, ii. 257 n. ^5, 262;
to natural, ii. 416, 609;
fasting after a, ii. 298-308, 524, 544;
abstinence from cooking after a, ii. 304-306;
abstinence from sexual intercourse after a, ii. 306;
fear of, ii. 535 _sq._
Debtors, enslaved, i. 422, 675, 677, 680, 684, 688, 689, 691;
creditors starving themselves to death before the doors of
their, ii. 245
Debts, the owing of, ii. 93, 705
Deceit. See Truth, regard for
Deformed persons, religious veneration of, ii. 590
Deodand, i. 262-264, 308
Descent, the social influence of a common, ii. 198, 201-206, 220,
224, 227, 748;
congruity or discrepancy between the principle of local
proximity and the principle of, ii. 202, 219 _sq._
See Kinship
----, the system of tracing, connection between the authority
over children and, i. 597 _sq._;
supposed connection between the position of women and, i. 655 _sq._;
the rules of inheritance influenced by, ii. 44-47, 54;
the influence of local connections on, ii. 203, 368 _sq._;
difference between the notion of actual blood-relationship and,
ii. 205 _sq._;
connection between the blood-feud and, ii. 211, 748
Despotism, a cause of the severity of criminal codes, i. 193-196, 198;
a cause of deceitful habits, ii. 89, 130 _sq._;
politeness engendered by, ii. 152;
love of youths considered inimical to, ii. 478 _sq._
Determinism, i. 320-322, 325 _sq._
_Dharna_, the custom of sitting, ii. 245
Diet, restrictions in, ch. xxxvii, _sq._ (ii. 290-345).
See Food
Disease, cured by contact with a saint, i. 63;
transference of, i. 64 _sq._;
supposed to be caused by supernatural beings, i. 392 _sq._, ii.
592-594;
by the dead, ii. 535;
the future state of persons who have died of, i. 392, ii. 238
n. ^3, 698;
human flesh or blood partaken of as a remedy against, i. 401,
ii. 562, 564 _sq._;
human sacrifices offered for the purpose of curing, i. 446,
447, 454-457;
cured at cross-roads, ii. 256 n. ^2.
See Epidemics, Sick persons
Disinterested antipathies. See Antipathies
---- likings. See Likings
Disinterestedness, a characteristic of moral concepts, i. 101;
of the moral emotions, i. 102, 103, 107-122
Divorce, i. 514, 528, 630, 632, 638, 641, 646-654, ii. 192,
396-398, 455
Dog-fighting, ii. 509
Dogs, self-regarding pride in, i. 39, ii. 137 _sq._;
sympathetic resentment in, i. 112, ii. 52;
credited with a conscience, i. 249-251;
the killing of, considered polluting, i. 381 n. ^6;
fighting for their kennels or their prey, ii. 51;
supposed deceitfulness of, ii. 125;
abstinence from eating, ii. 330, 332;
taken for spirits in disguise, ii. 491;
regard for, ii. 493, 501, 705;
affection for, ii. 495 _sq._;
Erinyes of, ii. 504;
their fear of strange phenomena, ii. 583
Drink, as a conductor of curses, i. 586, 589-591, ii. 121, 208,
209, 567, 687-689
---- , intoxicating, prohibition of, i. 228, ii. 341-345;
abstained from after a death, ii. 302.
See Drunkenness, Intoxicants, Wine
_Droit d'aubaine_, ii. 49
Drowned persons, the future state of, ii. 238, 521, 678, 697 _sq._
Drunkenness, i. 310, ii. 338-344;
injuries committed in, i. 277-282, 306;
attributed to possession by a god or spirit, i. 278, 281, ii. 344
Duel, the, ch. xxi. (i. 497-510); i. 163, 306, ii. 9, 145, 449
"Duty," analysis of the concept, i. 134-137;
corresponding to a "right," i. 140 _sq._;
the relation between "virtue" and, i. 149 _sq._;
between "merit" and, i. 151
{844} Duty, the feeling of, as a motive, i. 283 _sq._
EAGLEHAWKS, abstinence from eating, ii. 326, 332
Earthly desires, sinfulness of, ii. 361-363
Eclipses, supposed connection between human activity and, ii. 284 _sq._;
fasting in connection with, ii. 309 _sq._;
of the moon, attributed to the influence of evil spirits, ii. 313
Education, a means of communicating resentment, i. 114 _sq._;
its influence on the regard for truth, ii. 124;
on moral ideas relating to self-regarding conduct, ii. 266-268;
leading to homosexual practices, ii. 468-470
Eggs, abstinence from, ii. 320, 325, 326, 329
Election, divine, the future state of men determined by, ii. 719 _sq._
Elephants, the feeling of revenge in, i. 37 _sq._;
abstinence from eating, ii. 329
Emasculation, as a punishment, i. 45, 521.
See Eunuch priests
Emigration, punished by law, ii. 175;
more injurious to the State than suicide, ii. 259
Emotions, moral judgments referring to, i. 215
Endogamy, ii. 378-382
Enemies, killing of, regarded as praiseworthy, i. 331-333;
the future state influence by the killing of, i. 332, 373, ii. 693;
hospitality towards, i. 576, 577, 587 _sq._
See Blood-revenge, Forgiveness, Revenge, War
Envy, a hindrance to sympathetic retributive kindliness, i. 129;
of gods, ii. 361, 714, 716
Epidemics, supposed to be caused by supernatural beings, i. 27,
ii. 592-594;
human sacrifices offered for the purpose of stopping or
preventing, i. 66, 441, 442, 449;
fasting during, ii. 315
Equinoxes, fasting at, ii. 309, 310, 312 _sq._
Equivalence, the rule of, i. 177-180;
i. 34, 35, 200, 217-219, 494, 496, 501, 511, 519 _sq._, ii. 233
Equivocation, ii. 100, 101, 117
Erinyes, i. 60, 379, 482, 561, 585, 623, 626, ii. 68, 504, 714,
715, 732
Ethics, the object of scientific, i. 18
Eucharist, the, i. 666, ii. 295, 415 n. **^8, 417, 480, 564;
the ordeal of, ii. 690
Eunuch priests, ii. 408, 414, 488 n. ^6
Evil, materialistic conception of, i. 56, 57, 457;
transference of, combined with a sacrifice, i. 62-65
---- eye, the, i. 561, 563, 584, 591-594, ii. 256 n. ^2, 354
---- spirits, lunatics supposed to be possessed with, i. 270,
274, 275, ii. 593;
intoxicated persons supposed to be possessed with, i. 281, ii. 344;
persecuting ghosts replaced by, i. 378 _sq._, ii. 493;
disease supposed to be caused by, i. 392 _sq._, ii. 592-594;
old women regarded as, i. 619;
burying apart of persons supposed to have been killed by, ii. 239;
eclipses of the moon attributed to the influence of, ii. 313;
water regarded as haunted by, ii. 355;
scourging as a means of driving away, ii. 358;
sacred words as a weapon against, ii. 418;
certain animals taken for, ii. 491;
butchers regarded as haunted by, ii. 493;
prevented from doing harm to the dead, ii. 523, 524, 544;
the ghosts of dead persons regarded as, ii. 531-534, 693;
places of striking appearance supposed to be haunted by, ii. 589;
unexpected events ascribed to the influence of, ii. 594;
taboos imposed upon the names of, ii. 640, 642;
magic practised with the assistance of, ii. 649 _sq._;
struggle of men and gods against, ii. 701, 702, 704-706, 729
Executioner, tribal, i. 174 _sq._;
the injured party acting as, i. 184 _sq._
Exogamy. See Incest
Expiation, ii. 356-361;
fasting as a means of, ii. 315-318;
vicarious, ii. 719 _sq._
Expiatory sacrifice, vicarious, i. 65-70, 438-440
Exposure of infants, i. 406-412;
a source of slavery, i. 689
FAITH, considered necessary for salvation, ii. 719-721, 725-727.
See Unbelief
Faithfulness. See Good faith
False accusation, i. 522, ii. 79, 80, 140-142
{845} False testimony, ii. 86 n. ^4, 91, 92, 96-98, 123 n. ^1, 717
Falsehood. See Truth, regard for
Family, the, i. 113, 533, 627 _sq._, ii. 195, 196, 198, 199, 202, 223;
the joint, i. 539 _sq._, ii. 213-216
Famines, human sacrifices offered in connection with, i. 442 _sq._;
cannibalism caused by, ii. 555, 577 _sq._
See Crops
_Fas_, i. 579 _sq._, ii. 717
Fasting, ii. 292-318;
enjoined by religion, i. 271, ii. 246, 292-298, 308-318, 358,
406, 725;
as a means of purification, i. 375, ii. 294-296, 358;
as a penance, ii. 246, 315-318, 406;
after a death, ii. 298-308, 524, 544
Fat, abstinence from, i. 187, 229, ii. 312
Fatalism, i. 323-326
Father, the, his authority over his children, ch. xxv. (i. 597-628);
permitted to punish his children with death, i. 393 _sq._;
to kill or expose his new-born children, i. 394-411;
to inflict corporal punishment upon his children, i. 513-515,
607, 610;
to sell his children, i. 599, 607, 609, 611, 612, 615, 675,
681, 682, 684, 685, 689, 691;
his affection for his children, i. 401, 402, 405, 529-533. ii.
187-190, 193, 397, 748;
obliged to protect and support his family, i. 526-533;
descent traced through, i. 655 _sq._, ii. 44-47, 54, 202, 203,
205, 206, 211, 220;
the son allowed to eat only certain foods after the death of,
ii. 301 _sq._
See Parents
Fear, i. 40 _sq._;
of death, ii. 535 _sq._;
as an element in the religious sentiment, ii. 612-614, 725;
of punishment in the future life, ii. 735
Females, the sexual impulse of, i. 657 _sq._, ii. 435
Feticide, i. 378, 408, 409, 413-417, ii. 705
Filial affection, i. 534-538, 618, 659, ii. 194, 748
---- reverence, i. 533-538, 600, 601, 607-613, 616-628, ii. 194
Firstborn child, the, all children killed except, i. 398;
killed, i. 458-460, ii. 562;
eaten, i. 458, ii. 562;
regarded as sacred, ii. 538 n. ^2
Firstborn son, the, sacrifice of, i. 457-461;
eaten, i. 458 _sq._;
considered identical with his father, i. 460;
fasting on the eve of Passover, ii. 296.
See Primogeniture
Fish, anger shown by, i. 22, ii. 51;
abstinence from eating, ii. 321, 322, 324 _sq._;
after a death, ii. 301;
deference shown for, ii. 492;
killing of, ii. 497 _sq._
Fishing peoples, the position of women among, i. 660;
slavery among, i. 672;
social aggregates of, ii. 198-200;
filthiness a characteristic of, ii. 349
Flagellation, ii. 294, 357-359
_Flagrante delicto_, offenders caught, i. 290-294, ii. 8, 13, 17,
18, 58, 429, 447
Food, prohibitory rules relating to, ch. xxxvii. _sq._ (ii.
290-345);
stealing of, i. 286, 287, 676, ii. 14, 15, 57 _sq._;
as a conductor of curses, i. 586-592, ii. 622-624;
detrimental to holiness, ii. 294-296;
the eating of certain kinds of, forbidden by gods, ii. 326, 33,
335, 671
Forbearances, i. 209, 210, 303-305
Foreigners, protected by the chief or king, i. 180, 181, 338;
killing of, i. 331-334, 337-34, 370, 371, 373;
sacrifice of, i. 467 _sq._;
infliction of bodily injuries upon, i. 519;
kindness to, i. 545, 556-558, 570-572, 581;
enslaving of, i. 674, 675, 689, 690, 691, 714 _sq._;
respect for the proprietary rights of, ii. 2, 11, 59;
demoralising influence of, ii. 2, 126-129, see White men;
robbery committed upon, ii. 20-25, 58 _sq._;
reduced to serfdom, ii. 24;
rules of inheritance relating to, ii. 49;
deceiving of, ii. 87, 88, 90, 94, 97, 112, 126-129;
duties to, ii. 166;
despised, ii. 171-174, 532;
disregard of their interests, ii. 176;
antipathy to, ii. 227;
marriages with, ii. 378, 381 _sq._;
eaten, ii. 554;
sacrilege committed by, ii. 648.
See Strangers
Forgery, punished with death, i. 187 _sq._;
with mutilation, i. 521
Forgiveness, i. 73-79, 84-88, 99, 311, 318, ii. 145, 360
Foundation sacrifices. See Buildings
Fowls, abstinence from eating, ii. 320-322, 325, 327, 329, 332;
affection for, ii. 495
{846} Foxes, abstinence from eating, ii. 327
Fraternal affection, ii. 194, 195, 748
---- duties, i. 538, ii. 748
Fraud. See Truth, regard for
Free love, ch. xlii. (ii. 422-455). See Unchastity
Freedmen, marriages with, i. 688, ii. 379;
not allowed to bring criminal charges against freeborn persons,
i. 697
Freedom, personal, i. 597, ii. 265
Free-will, moral valuation and, i. 320-326
Frogs, prohibition of eating, ii. 321
Funeral rites, ii. 519-528, 536-552;
the ordinary, denied to suicides, ii. 238, 248, 250, 252-254,
549.
See Blood (effusion of, at funerals; offered to the dead),
Burial, Cremation, Dead (human sacrifices to the; offerings to
the), Self-mutilation (after a death)