luck, ill luck, evil luck, adverse luck, hard fortune, hard hap, hard
luck, hard lot; frowns of fortune; evil dispensation, evil star, evil
genius|; vicissitudes of life, ups and downs of life, broken fortunes;
hard case, hard lines, hard life; sea of troubles; peck of troubles;
hell upon earth; slough of despond. trouble, hardship, curse, blight,
blast, load, pressure. pressure of the times, iron age, evil day, time
out of joint; hard times, bad times, sad times; rainy day, cloud, dark
cloud, gathering clouds, ill wind; visitation, infliction; affliction
&c. (painfulness) 830; bitter pill; care, trial; the sport of fortune.
mishap, mischance, misadventure, misfortune; disaster, calamity,
catastrophe; accident, casualty, cross, reverse, check, contretemps,
rub; backset[obs3], comedown, setback [U.S.]. losing game; falling &c.
v.; fall, downfall; ruination, ruinousness; undoing; extremity; ruin
&c. (destruction) 162. V. be ill off &c. adj.; go hard with; fall on
evil, fall on evil days; go on ill; not prosper &c. 734. go downhill,
go to rack and ruin &c. (destruction) 162, go to the dogs; fall, fall
from one's high estate; decay, sink, decline, go down in the world;
have seen better days; bring down one's gray hairs with sorrow to the
grave; come to grief; be all over, be up with; bring a wasp's nest
about one's ears, bring a hornet's nest about one's ears. Adj.
unfortunate, unblest[obs3], unhappy, unlucky; improsperous[obs3],
unprosperous; hoodooed [U.S.]; luckless, hapless; out of luck; in
trouble, in a bad way, in an evil plight; under a cloud; clouded; ill
off, badly off; in adverse circumstances; poor &c. 804; behindhand,
down in the world, decayed, undone; on the road to ruin, on its last
legs, on the wane; in one's utmost need. planet-struck, devoted; born
under an evil star, born with a wooden ladle in one's mouth; ill-fated,
ill-starred, ill-omened. adverse, untoward; disastrous, calamitous,
ruinous, dire, deplorable.
#736. Mediocrity.—N. moderate circumstances, average
circumstances; respectability; middle classes; mediocrity; golden mean
&c. (mid-course) 628, (moderation) 174. V. jog on; go fairly, go
quietly, go peaceably, go tolerably, go respectably, get on fairly, get
on quietly, get on peaceably, get on tolerably, get on respectably.
DIVISION (II) INTERSOCIAL VOLITION[1]
[1] Implying the action of the will of one mind over the will of
another.
SECTION I. GENERAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
#737. Authority.—N. authority; influence, patronage, power,
preponderance, credit, prestige, prerogative, jurisdiction; right &c.
(title) 924; direction &c. 693; government &c. 737a. divine right,
dynastic rights, authoritativeness; absoluteness, absolutism;
despotism; jus nocendi[Lat]; jus divinum[Lat]. mastery, mastership,
masterdom[obs3]; dictation, control. hold, grasp; grip, gripe; reach;
iron sway &c. (severity) 739; fangs, clutches, talons; rod of empire
&c. (scepter) 747. [Vicarious authority] commission &c. 755; deputy
&c.759; permission &c. 760. V. authorize &c. (permit) 760; warrant &c.
(right) 924; dictate &c. (order) 741. be at the head of &c. adj.; hold
office, be in office, fill an office; hold master, occupy master, a
post master, be master &c. 745. have the upper hand, get the upper
hand, have the whip, get the whip; gain a hold upon, preponderate,
dominate, rule the roost; boss [U.S.]; override, overrule, overawe;
lord it over, hold in hand, keep under, make a puppet of, lead by the
nose, turn round one's little finger, bend to one's will, hold one's
own, wear the breeches; have the ball at one's feet, have it all one's
own way, have the game in one's own hand, have on the hip, have under
one's thumb; be master of the situation; take the lead, play first
fiddle, set the fashion; give the law to; carry with a high hand; lay
down the law; "ride in the whirlwind and direct the storm" [Addison];
rule with a rod of iron &c. (severity) 739. Adj. at the head, dominant,
paramount, supreme, predominant, preponderant, in the ascendant,
influential; arbitrary; compulsory &c. 744: stringent. at one's
command; in one's power, in one's grasp; under control. Adv. in the
name of, by the authority of, de par le Roi[Fr], in virtue of; under
the auspices of, in the hands of. at one's pleasure; by a dash if the
pen, by a stroke of the pen; ex mero motu[Lat]; ex cathedra[Lat: from
the chair]. Phr. the gray mare the better horse; "every inch a king"
[Lear].
#737a. Government.—N. government, legal authority, soveriegn,
sovereign authority; authority &c. 737; master &c. 745; direction &c.
693. [nations] national government, nation, state, country,
nation-state, dominion, republic, empire, union, democratic republic;
kingdom, principality. [subdivisions of nations] state government[U.S
terminology], state; shire[England]; province[Canada]; county[Ireland];
canton[Switzerland]; territory [Australia]; duchy, archduchy,
archdukedom[obs3]; woiwodshaft; commonwealth; region &c. 181; property
&c. 780. [smaller subdivisions] county, parish[Louisiana]; city,
domain, tract, arrondissement[Fr], mofussil[obs3], commune; wappentake,
hundred, riding, lathe, garth[obs3], soke[obs3], tithing; ward,
precinct, bailiwick. command, empire, sway, rule; dominion, domination;
sovereignty, supremacy, suzerainty; lordship, headship[obs3];
chiefdom[obs3]; seigniory, seigniority[obs3]. rule, sway, command,
control, administer; govern &c. (direct) 693; lead, preside over,
reign, possess the throne, be seated on the throne, occupy the throne;
sway the scepter, wield the scepter; wear the crown. state, realm, body
politic, posse comitatus[Lat]. [person in the governing authority]
judicature &c. 965; cabinet &c. (council) 696; seat of government, seat
of authority; headquarters. [Acquisition of authority] accession;
installation &c. 755; politics &c. 737a. reign, regime, dynasty;
directorship, dictatorship; protectorate, protectorship; caliphate,
pashalic[obs3], electorate; presidency, presidentship[obs3];
administration; proconsul, consulship; prefecture; seneschalship;
magistrature[obs3], magistracy. monarchy; kinghood[obs3], kingship;
royalty, regality; aristarchy[obs3], aristocracy; oligarchy, democracy,
theocracy, demagogy; commonwealth; dominion; heteronomy; republic,
republicanism; socialism; collectivism; mob law, mobocracy[obs3],
ochlocracy[obs3]; vox populi, imperium in imperio[Lat]; bureaucracy;
beadledom[obs3], bumbledom[obs3]; stratocracy; military power, military
government, junta; feodality[obs3], feudal system, feudalism.
thearchy[obs3], theocracy, dinarchy[obs3]; duarchy[obs3], triarchy,
heterarchy[obs3]; duumvirate; triumvirate; autocracy, autonomy; limited
monarchy; constitutional government, constitutional monarchy; home
rule; representative government; monocracy[obs3], pantisocracy[obs3].
gynarchy[obs3], gynocracy[obs3], gynaeocracy[obs3]; petticoat
government. [government functions] legislature, judiciary,
administration. [Government agencies and institutions] office of the
president, office of the prime minister, cabinet; senate, house of
representatives, parliament; council &c. 696; courts, supreme court;
state[U.S. national government departments (list)], interior, labor,
health and human services, defense, education, agriculture, justice,
commerce, treasury; Federal Bureau of Investigation, FBI; Central
Intelligence Agency, CIA; National Institutes of Health, NIH; Postal
Service, Post Office; Federal Aviation Administration, FAA. [national
government officials] president, vice president, cabinet member, prime
minister, minister; senator, representatative, president pro tem[Lat],
speaker of the house; department head, section head, section chief;
federal judge, justice, justice of the supreme court, chief justice;
treasurer, secretary of the treasury; director of the FBI. [state
government officials] governor, state cabinet member; state senator,
assemblyman, assemblywoman. V. govern, rule, have authority, hold
authority, possess authority, exercise authority, exert authority,
wield authority &c. n.; reign, be sovereign. [acquire authority] ascend
the throne, mount the throne; take the reins, take the reins into one's
hand; assume authority &c. n., assume the reins of government; take
command, assume command. [contend for authority] politics &c. 737a. be
governed by, be in the power of, be a subject of, be a citizen of. Adj.
regal, sovereign, governing; royal, royalist; monarchical, kingly;
imperial, imperiatorial[obs3]; princely; feudal; aristocratic,
autocratic; oligarchic &c. n.; republican, dynastic. ruling &c. v.;
regnant, gubernatorial; imperious; authoritative, executive,
administrative, clothed with authority, official, departmental, ex
officio, imperative, peremptory, overruling, absolute; hegemonic,
hegemonical[obs3]; authorized &c. (due) 924. [pertaining to property
owned by government] government, public; national, federal; his
majesty's[Great Britain], her majesty's; state, county, city, &c. n.
Phr[cf. nations, subdivisions of nations, smaller subdivisions]. "a
dog's obeyed in office" [Lear]; cada uno tiene su alguazil[obs3][Sp];
le Roi le veut[Fr]; regibus esse manus en nescio longas[obs3][Lat];
regnant populi[Lat]; "the demigod Authority" [Measure for Measure];
"the right divine of kings to govern wrong" [Pope]; "uneasy lies the
head that wears a crown" [Henry IV].
#737b. Politics. [contention for governmental authority or
#influence].—N.
politics; political science; candidacy, campaign, campaigning,
electioneering; partisanship, ideology, factionalism. election, poll,
ballot, vote, referendum, recall, initiative, voice, suffrage,
plumper, cumulative vote, plebiscitum[Lat], plebiscite, vox populi;
electioneering; voting &c. v.; elective franchise; straight ticket
[U.S.]; opinion poll, popularity poll. issue; opinion, stand, position;
program, platform; party line. [ideologies] democracy, republicanism;
communism, statism, state socialism; socialism; conservatism, toryism;
liberalism, whigism; theocracy; constitutional monarchy. [political
parties] party &c. 712; Democratic Party[U.S: list], Republican Party,
Socialist Party, Communist Party; Federalist Party[U.S. defunct
parties: list], Bull Moose Party, Abolitionist Party; Christian
Democratic Party[Germany: list], Social Democratic Party; National
Socialist Worker's Party[Germany, 1930-1945], Nazi Party; Liberal
Party[Great Britain:list], Labor Party, Conservative Party. ticket,
slate. [person active in politics] politician[general], activist;
candidate[specific politicians: list], aspirant, hopeful,
office-seeker, front-runner, dark horse, long shot, shoo-in; supporter,
backer, political worker, campaign worker; lobbyist, contributor; party
hack, ward heeler; regional candidate, favorite son; running mate,
stalking horse; perpetual candidate, political animal. political
contribution, campaign contribution; political action committee, PAC.
political district, electoral division, electoral district, bailiwick.
electorate, constituents. get-out-the-vote campaign, political
education. negative campaigning, dirty politics, smear campaign.
[unsuccessful candidate] also-ran, loser; has-been. [successful
candidate] office holder, official, occupant of a position; public
servant, incumbent; winner. V. run for office, stand for office;
campaign, stump; throw one's hat in the ring; announce one's candidacy.
Adj. political, partisan. Phr. "Money is the mother's milk of politics"
[Tip O'Neill].
#738. [Absence of authority] Laxity.—N. laxity; laxness, looseness,
slackness; toleration &c. (lenity) 740; freedom &c. 748. anarchy,
interregnum; relaxation; loosening &c. v.; remission; dead letter,
brutum fulmen[Lat], misrule; license, licentiousness; insubordination
&c. (disobedience) 742; lynch law &c. (illegality) 964; nihilism, reign
of violence. [Deprivation of power] dethronement, deposition,
usurpation, abdication. V. be -lax &c. adj.; laisser faire[Fr], laisser
aller[Fr]; hold a loose rein; give the reins to, give rope enough, give
a loose to; tolerate; relax; misrule. go beyond the length of one's
tether; have one's swing, have one's fling; act without instructions,
act without authority, act outside of one's authority; act on one's own
responsibility, usurp authority. dethrone, depose; abdicate. Adj. lax,
loose; slack; remiss &c. (careless) 460; weak. relaxed; licensed;
reinless[obs3], unbridled; anarchical; unauthorized &c. (unwarranted)
925; adespotic[obs3].
#739. Severity.—N. severity; strictness, harshness &c. adj.; rigor,
stringency, austerity; inclemency &c. (pitilessness) 914a; arrogance
&c. 885; precisianism[obs3]. arbitrary power; absolutism, despotism;
dictatorship, autocracy, tyranny, domineering, oppression; assumption,
usurpation; inquisition, reign of terror, martial law; iron heel, iron
rule, iron hand, iron sway; tight grasp; brute force, brute strength;
coercion &c. 744; strong hand, tight hand. hard lines, hard measure;
tender mercies [ironical]; sharp practice; pipe-clay, officialism.
tyrant, disciplinarian, precisian[obs3], martinet, stickler,
bashaw[obs3], despot, hard master, Draco, oppressor, inquisitor,
extortioner, harpy, vulture; accipitres[obs3], birds of prey,
raptorials[obs3], raptors[obs3]. V. be -severe &c. adj. assume, usurp,
arrogate, take liberties; domineer, bully &c. 885; tyrannize, inflict,
wreak, stretch a point, put on the screw; be hard upon; bear a heavy
hand on, lay a heavy hand on; be down upon, come down upon; ill treat;
deal hardly with, deal hard measure to; rule with a rod of iron,
chastise with scorpions; dye with blood; oppress, override; trample
under foot; tread under foot, tread upon, trample upon, tread down
upon, trample down upon; crush under an iron heel, ride roughshod over;
rivet the yoke; hold a tight hand, keep a tight hand; force down the
throat; coerce &c. 744; give no quarter &c. (pitiless) 914a. Adj.
severe; strict, hard, harsh, dour, rigid, stiff, stern, rigorous,
uncompromising, exacting, exigent, exigeant[obs3], inexorable,
inflexible, obdurate, austere, hard-headed, hard-nosed, hard-shell
[U.S.], relentless, Spartan, Draconian, stringent, strait-laced,
searching, unsparing, iron- handed, peremptory, absolute, positive,
arbitrary, imperative; coercive &c. 744; tyrannical, extortionate,
grinding, withering, oppressive, inquisitorial; inclement &c.
(ruthless) 914a; cruel &c. (malevolent) 907; haughty, arrogant &c. 885;
precisian[obs3]. Adv. severely &c. adj.; with a high hand, with a
strong hand, with a tight hand, with a heavy hand. at the point of the
sword, at the point of the bayonet. Phr. Delirant reges plectuntur
Achivi[Lat]; manu forti[Lat]; ogni debole ha sempre il suo tiranno[It].
#740. Lenity.—N. lenity, lenience, leniency; moderation &c. 174;
tolerance, toleration; mildness, gentleness; favor, indulgence,
indulgency[obs3]; clemency, mercy, forbearance, quarter; compassion &c.
914. V. be -lenient &c. adj.; tolerate, bear with; parcere
subjectis[Lat], give quarter. indulge, allow one to have his own way,
spoil. Adj. lenient; mild, mild as milk; gentle, soft; tolerant,
indulgent, easy-going; clement &c. (compassionate) 914; forbearing;
long-suffering.
#741. Command.—N. command, order, ordinance, act, fiat, hukm[obs3],
bidding, dictum, hest[obs3], behest, call, beck, nod. despatch,
dispatch; message, direction, injunction, charge, instructions;
appointment, fixture. demand, exaction, imposition, requisition, claim,
reclamation, revendication[obs3]; ultimatum &c. (terms) 770; request
&c. 765; requirement. dictation; dictate, mandate; caveat, decree,
senatus consultum[Lat]; precept; prescript, rescript; writ, ordination,
bull, ex cathedra pronouncement[Lat], edict, decretal[obs3],
dispensation, prescription, brevet, placit[obs3], ukase, ukaz
[Russian], firman, hatti-sherif[obs3], warrant, passport,
mittimus[Law@crim], mandamus, summons, subpoena, nisi prius[Lat],
interpellation, citation; word, word of command; mot d'ordre[Fr]; bugle
call, trumpet call; beat of drum, tattoo; order of the day; enactment
&c. (law) 963; plebiscite &c. (choice) 609. V. command, order, decree,
enact, ordain, dictate, direct, give orders. prescribe, set, appoint,
mark out; set a task, prescribe a task, impose a task; set to work, put
in requisition. bid, enjoin, charge, call upon, instruct; require at
the hands of; exact, impose, tax, task; demand; insist on &c. (compel)
744. claim, lay claim to, revendicate[obs3], reclaim. cite, summon;
call for, send for; subpoena; beckon. issue a command; make a
requisition, issue a requisition, promulgate a requisition, make a
decree, issue a decree, promulgate a decree, make an order, issue an
order, promulgate an order &c. n.; give the word of command, give the
word, give the signal; call to order; give the law, lay down the law;
assume the command &c. (authority) 737; remand. be -ordered &c.;
receive an order &c. n. Adj. commanding &c. v.; authoritative &c. 737;
decretory[obs3], decretive[obs3], decretal[obs3]; callable,
jussive[obs3]. Adv. in a commanding tone; by a stroke of the pen, by a
dash of the pen; by order, at beat of drum, on the first summons. Phr.
the decree is gone forth; sic volo sic jubeo[Lat]; le Roi le veut[Fr];
boutez en avant[Fr].
#742. Disobedience.—N. disobedience, insubordination, contumacy;
infraction, infringement; violation, noncompliance; nonobservance &c.
773. revolt, rebellion, mutiny, outbreak, rising, uprising,
insurrection, emeute[Fr]; riot, tumult &c. (disorder) 59; strike
&c.(resistance) 719; barring out; defiance &c. 715. mutinousness &c.
adj.; mutineering[obs3]; sedition, treason; high treason, petty
treason, misprision of treason; premunire[Lat]; lese majeste[Fr];
violation of law &c. 964; defection, secession. insurgent, mutineer,
rebel, revolter, revolutionary, rioter, traitor, quisling,
carbonaro[obs3], sansculottes[Fr], red republican, bonnet rouge,
communist, Fenian, frondeur; seceder, secessionist, runagate, renegade,
brawler, anarchist, demagogue; Spartacus, Masaniello, Wat Tyler, Jack
Cade; ringleader. V. disobey, violate, infringe; shirk; set at defiance
&c. (defy) 715; set authority at naught, run riot, fly in the face of;
take the law into one's own hands; kick over the traces. turn restive,
run restive; champ the bit; strike &c. (resist) 719; rise, rise in
arms; secede; mutiny, rebel. Adj. disobedient; uncomplying,
uncompliant; unsubmissive[obs3], unruly, ungovernable; breachy[obs3],
insubordinate, impatient of control, incorrigible; restiff|, restive;
refractory, contumacious, recusant &c. (refuse) 764; recalcitrant;
resisting &c. 719; lawless, mutinous, seditions, insurgent, riotous.
unobeyed[obs3]; unbidden. Phr. seditiosissimus quisque ignavus
[Lat][Tacitus]; "unthread the rude eye of rebellion" [King John].
#743. Obedience.—N. obedience; observance &c. 772; compliance;
submission &c. 725; subjection &c. 749; nonresistance; passiveness,
resignation. allegiance, loyalty, fealty, homage, deference, devotion;
constancy, fidelity. submissness[obs3], submissiveness; ductility &c.
(softness) 324; obsequiousness &c. (servility) 886. V. be -obedient &c.
adj.; obey, bear obedience to; submit &c. 725; comply, answer the helm,
come at one's call; do one's bidding, do what one is told, do suit and
service; attend to orders, serve faithfully. follow the lead of, follow
to the world's end; serve &c. 746; play second fiddle. Adj. obedient;
complying, compliant; loyal, faithful, devoted; at one's call, at one's
command, at one's orders, at one's beck and call; under beck and call,
under control. restrainable; resigned, passive; submissive &c. 725;
henpecked; pliant &c. (soft) 324. unresisted[obs3]. Adv. obediently &c.
adj.; in compliance with, in obedience to. Phr. to hear is to obey; as
you please, if you please; your wish is my command; as you wish; no
sooner said than done.
#744. Compulsion.—N. compulsion, coercion, coaction[obs3],
constraint, duress, enforcement, press, conscription. force; brute
force, main force, physical force; the sword, ultima ratio[Lat]; club
law, lynch law, mob law, arguementum baculinum[obs3], le droit du plus
fort[Fr], martial law. restraint &c. 751; necessity &c. 601; force
majeure[Fr]; Hobson's choice. V. compel, force, make, drive, coerce,
constrain, enforce, necessitate, oblige. force upon, press; cram down
the throat, thrust down the throat, force down the throat; say it must
be done, make a point of, insist upon, take no denial; put down,
dragoon. extort, wring from; squeeze, put on the squeeze; put on the
screws, turn on the screw; drag into; bind, bind over; pin down, tie
down; require, tax, put in force; commandeer; restrain &c. 751. Adj.
compelling &c. v.; coercive, coactive[obs3]; inexorable &c. 739;
compulsory, compulsatory[obs3]; obligatory, stringent, peremptory.
forcible, not to be trifled with; irresistible &c. 601; compelled &c.
v.; fain to. Adv. by force &c. n., by force of arms; on compulsion,
perforce; vi et armis[Lat], under the lash; at the point of the sword,
at the point of the bayonet; forcibly; by a strong arm. under protest,
in spite of one's teeth; against one's will &c. 603; nolens volens &c.
(of necessity) 601[Lat]; by stress of circumstances, by stress of
weather; under press of; de rigueur. with a gun to one's head. Phr.
I'll make him an offer he can't refuse.
#745. Master.—N. master, padrone; lord, lord paramount; commander,
commandant; captain; chief, chieftain; sirdar[obs3], sachem, sheik,
head, senior, governor, ruler, dictator; leader &c. (director) 694;
boss, cockarouse[obs3], sagamore[ISA:chief@algonquin], werowance[obs3].
lord of the ascendant; cock of the walk, cock of the roost; gray mare;
mistress. potentate; liege, liege lord; suzerain, sovereign, monarch,
autocrat, despot, tyrant, oligarch. crowned head, emperor, king,
anointed king, majesty, imperator[Lat], protector, president,
stadholder[obs3], judge. ceasar, kaiser, czar, tsar, sultan, soldan|,
grand Turk, caliph, imaum[obs3], shah, padishah[obs3], sophi[obs3],
mogul, great mogul, khan, lama, tycoon, mikado, tenno[Jap], inca,
cazique[obs3]; voivode[obs3]; landamman[obs3]; seyyid[obs3];
Abuna[obs3], cacique[obs3], czarowitz[obs3], grand seignior. prince,
duke &c. (nobility) 875; archduke, doge, elector; seignior;
marland[obs3], margrave; rajah, emir, wali, sheik nizam[obs3], nawab.
empress, queen, sultana, czarina, princess, infanta, duchess,
margravine[obs3]; czarevna[obs3], czarita[obs3]; maharani, rani,
rectrix[obs3]. regent, viceroy, exarch[obs3], palatine, khedive,
hospodar[obs3], beglerbeg[obs3], three-tailed bashaw[obs3], pasha,
bashaw[obs3], bey, beg, dey[obs3], scherif[obs3], tetrarch, satrap,
mandarin, subahdar[obs3], nabob, maharajah; burgrave[obs3]; laird &c.
(proprietor) 779; collector, commissioner, deputy commissioner,
woon[obs3]. the authorities, the powers that be, the government; staff,
etat major[Fr], aga[obs3], official, man in office, person in
authority; sircar[obs3], sirkar[obs3], Sublime Porte. [Military
authorities] marshal, field marshal, marechal[obs3]; general,
generalissimo; commander in chief, seraskier[obs3], hetman[obs3];
lieutenant general, major general; colonel, lieutenant colonel, major,
captain, centurion, skipper, lieutenant, first lieutenant, second
lieutenant, sublieutenant, officer, staff officer, aide-de-camp,
brigadier, brigade major, adjutant, jemidar[obs3], ensign, cornet,
cadet, subaltern, noncommissioned officer, warrant officer; sergeant,
sergeant major; color sergeant; corporal, corporal major; lance
corporal, acting corporal; drum major; captain general, dizdar[obs3],
knight marshal, naik[obs3], pendragon. [Civil authorities] mayor,
mayoralty; prefect, chancellor, archon, provost, magistrate, syndic;
alcalde[obs3], alcaid[obs3]; burgomaster, corregidor[obs3], seneschal,
alderman, councilman, committeeman, councilwoman, warden, constable,
portreeve[obs3]; lord mayor; officer &c. (executive) 965; dewan[obs3],
fonctionnaire[Fr]. [Naval authorities] admiral, admiralty; rear
admiral, vice admiral, port admiral; commodore, captain, commander,
lieutenant, ensign, skipper, mate, master, officer of the day, OD;
navarch[obs3]. Phr. da locum melioribus[Lat]; der Furst ist der erste
Diener seines Staats [German: the prince is the first servant of his
state]; "lord of thy presence and no land beside" [King John].
#746. Servant.—N. subject, liegeman[obs3]; servant, retainer,
follower, henchman, servitor, domestic, menial, help, lady help,
employe, attache; official. retinue, suite, cortege, staff, court.
attendant, squire, usher, page, donzel[obs3], footboy[obs3]; train
bearer, cup bearer; waiter, lapster[obs3], butler, livery servant,
lackey, footman, flunky, flunkey, valet, valet de chambre[Fr]; equerry,
groom; jockey, hostler, ostler[obs3], tiger, orderly, messenger, cad,
gillie[obs3], herdsman, swineherd; barkeeper, bartender; bell boy,
boots, boy, counterjumper[obs3]; khansamah[obs3], khansaman[obs3];
khitmutgar[obs3]; yardman. bailiff, castellan[obs3], seneschal,
chamberlain, major-domo[obs3], groom of the chambers. secretary; under
secretary, assistant secretary; clerk; subsidiary; agent &c. 758;
subaltern; underling, understrapper; man. maid, maidservant; handmaid;
confidente[Fr], lady's maid, abigail, soubrette; amah[obs3], biddy,
nurse, bonne[Fr], ayah[obs3]; nursemaid, nursery maid, house maid,
parlor maid, waiting maid, chamber maid, kitchen maid, scullery maid;
femme de chambre[Fr], femme fille[Fr]; camarista[obs3]; chef de
cuisine,cordon bleu[Fr], cook, scullion, Cinderella; potwalloper[obs3];
maid of all work, servant of all work; laundress, bedmaker[obs3];
journeyman, charwoman &c. (worker) 690; bearer, chokra[obs3], gyp
[Cambridge], hamal[obs3], scout [Oxford]. serf, vassal, slave, negro,
helot; bondsman, bondswoman[obs3]; bondslave[obs3]; ame damnee[Fr],
odalisque, ryot[obs3], adscriptus gleboe[Lat]; villian[obs3], villein;
beadsman[obs3], bedesman[obs3]; sizar[obs3]; pensioner,
pensionary[obs3]; client; dependant, dependent; hanger on, satellite;
parasite &c. (servility) 886; led captain; protege[Fr], ward, hireling,
mercenary, puppet, tool, creature. badge of slavery; bonds &c. 752. V.
serve; wait upon, attend upon, dance attendance upon, pin oneself upon;
squire, tend, hang on the sleeve of; chore [U.S.]. Adj. in the train
of; in one's pay, in one's employ; at one's call &c. (obedient) 743; in
bonds.
#747. [Insignia of authority.] Scepter.—N. scepter, regalia,
caduceus; Mercury's rod, Mercury's staff, Mercury's wand; rod of
empire, mace, fasces[obs3], wand; staff, staff of office; baton,
truncheon; flag &c. (insignia) 550; ensign of authority, emblem of
authority, badge of authority, insignia of authority. throne, chair,
musnud[obs3], divan, dais, woolsack[obs3]. toga, pall, mantle, robes of
state, ermine, purple. crown, coronet, diadem, tiara, cap of
maintenance; decoration; title &c. 877; portfolio. key, signet, seals,
talisman; helm; reins &c. (means of restraint) 752.
#748. Freedom.—N. freedom, liberty, independence; license &c.
#
(permission) 760; facility &c. 705.
scope, range, latitude, play; free play, full play, free scope,
full
scope; free stage and no favor; swing, full swing, elbowroom, margin,
rope,
wide berth; Liberty Hall.
franchise, denization[obs3]; free man, freed man, livery man;
denizen.
autonomy, self-government, liberalism, free trade; noninterference
&c.
706; Monroe Doctrine [U.S.].
immunity, exemption; emancipation &c. (liberation) 750;
enfranchisement, affranchisement[obs3].
free land, freehold; allodium[obs3]; frankalmoigne[Fr],
mortmain[Fr].
bushwhacker; freelance, free thinker, free trader; independent.
V. be free &c. adj.; have scope &c. n., have the run of, have
one's
own way, have a will of one's own, have one's fling; do what one likes,
do
what one wishes, do what one pleases, do what one chooses; go at large,
feel at home, paddle one's own canoe; stand on one's legs, stand on
one's
rights; shift for oneself.
take a liberty; make free with, make oneself quite at home; use a
freedom; take leave, take French leave.
set free &c. (liberate) 750; give a loose to &c. (permit) 760;
allow
scope &c. n. to, give scope &c. n. to; give a horse his head.
make free of; give the freedom of, give the franchise;
enfranchise,
affranchise[obs3].
laisser faire[Fr], laisser aller[Fr]; live and let live; leave to
oneself; leave alone, let alone.
Adj. free, free as air; out of harness, independent, at large,
loose,
scot-free; left alone, left to oneself.
in full swing; uncaught, unconstrained, unbuttoned, unconfined,
unrestrained, unchecked, unprevented[obs3], unhindered, unobstructed,
unbound, uncontrolled, untrammeled.
unsubject[obs3], ungoverned, unenslaved[obs3], unenthralled[obs3],
unchained, unshackled, unfettered, unreined[obs3], unbridled, uncurbed,
unmuzzled.
unrestricted, unlimited, unmitigated, unconditional; absolute;
discretionary &c. (optional) 600.
unassailed, unforced, uncompelled.
unbiassed[obs3], spontaneous.
free and easy; at ease, at one's ease; degage[Fr], quite at home;
wanton, rampant, irrepressible, unvanquished[obs3].
exempt; freed &c. 750; freeborn; autonomous, freehold,
allodial[obs3];
gratis &c. 815; eleutherian[obs3].
unclaimed, going a begging.
Adv. freely &c. adj.; ad libitum &c. (at will) 600.
Phr. ubi libertas ibi patria[Lat]; free white and twenty-one.
#749. Subjection.—N. subjection; dependence, dependency;
subordination; thrall, thralldom, thraldom, enthrallment, subjugation,
bondage, serfdom; feudalism, feudality[obs3]; vassalage, villenage;
slavery, enslavement, involuntary servitude; conquest. service;
servitude, servitorship[obs3]; tendence[obs3], employ, tutelage,
clientship[obs3]; liability &c. 177; constraint &c.751; oppression &c.
(severity) 739; yoke &c. (means of restraint) 752; submission &c. 725;
obedience &c. 743. V. be subject &c. adj.; be at the mercy of, lie at
the mercy of; depend upon, lean upon, hang upon; fall a prey to, fall
under; play second fiddle. be a mere machine, be a puppet, be a
football; not dare to say one's soul is his own; drag a chain. serve
&c. 746; obey &c. 743; submit &c. 725. break in, tame; subject,
subjugate; master &c. 731; tread down, tread under foot; weigh down;
drag at one's chariot wheels; reduce to subjection, reduce to slavery;
enthrall, inthrall[obs3], bethrall[obs3]; enslave, lead captive; take
into custody &c. (restrain) 751; rule &c. 737; drive into a corner,
hold at the sword's point; keep under; hold in bondage, hold in leading
strings, hold in swaddling clothes. Adj. subject, dependent,
subordinate; feudal, feudatory; in subjection to, under control; in
leading strings, in harness; subjected, enslaved &c. v.; constrained
&c. 751; downtrodden; overborne, overwhelmed; under the lash, on the
hip, led by the nose, henpecked; the puppet of, the sport of, the
plaything of; under one's orders, under one's command, under one's
thumb; a slave to; at the mercy of; in the power of, in the hands of,
in the clutches of; at the feet of; at one's beck and call &c.
(obedient) 743; liable &c. 177; parasitical; stipendiary. Adv. under.
Phr. "slaves - in a land of light and law" [Whittier].
#750. Liberation.—N. liberation, disengagement, release,
enlargement, emancipation; disenthrallment[obs3], disenthralment[obs3];
affranchisement[obs3], enfranchisement; manumission; discharge,
dismissal. deliverance &c. 672; redemption, extrication, acquittance,
absolution; acquittal &c. 970; escape &c.671. V. liberate, free; set
free, set clear, set at liberty; render free, emancipate, release;
enfranchise, affranchise[obs3]; manumit; enlarge; disband, discharge,
disenthrall, disenthral, dismiss; let go, let loose, loose, let out,
let slip; cast adrift, turn adrift; deliver &c. 672; absolve &c.
(acquit) 970. unfetter &c. 751, untie &c. 43; loose &c. (disjoin) 44;
loosen, relax; unbolt, unbar, unclose, uncork, unclog, unhand, unbind,
unchain, unharness, unleash; disengage, disentangle; clear, extricate,
unloose. gain one's liberty, obtain one's liberty, acquire one's
liberty &c. 748; get rid of, get clear of; deliver oneself from; shake
off the yoke, slip the collar; break loose, break prison; tear asunder
one's bonds, cast off trammels; escape &c. 671. Adj. liberated &c. v.;
out of harness &c. (free) 748. Int. unhand me! let me go!
#751. Restraint.—N. restraint; hindrance &c. 706; coercion &c.
(compulsion) 744; cohibition[obs3], constraint, repression,
suppression; discipline, control. confinement; durance, duress;
imprisonment; incarceration, coarctation|, entombment,
mancipation[obs3], durance vile, limbo, captivity; blockade. arrest,
arrestation[obs3]; custody, keep, care, charge, ward,
restringency[obs3]. curb &c. (means of restraint) 752; lettres de
cachet[Fr]. limitation, restriction, protection, monopoly; prohibition
&c. 761. prisoner &c. 754; repressionist[obs3]. V. restrain, check; put
under restraint, lay under restraint; enthral, enthrall, inthral[obs3],
inthrall[obs3], bethral[obs3], bethrall[obs3]; restrict; debar &c.
(hinder) 706; constrain; coerce &c. (compel) 744; curb, control; hold
back, hold from, hold in, hold in check, hold within bounds, keep back,
keep from, keep in, keep in check, keep within bounds; hold in leash,
hold in leading strings; withhold. keep under; repress, suppress;
smother; pull in, rein in; hold, hold fast; keep a tight hand on;
prohibit &c. 761; inhibit, cohibit[obs3]. enchain; fasten &c. (join)
43; fetter, shackle; entrammel[obs3]; bridle, muzzle, hopple[obs3],
gag, pinion, manacle, handcuff, tie one's hands, hobble, bind hand and
foot; swathe, swaddle; pin down, tether; picket; tie down, tie up;
secure; forge fetters; disable, hamstring (incapacitate) 158. confine;
shut up, shut in; clap up, lock up, box up, mew up, bottle up, cork up,
seal up, button up; hem in, bolt in, wall in, rail in; impound, pen,
coop; inclose &c. (circumscribe) 229; cage; incage[obs3], encage[obs3];
close the door upon, cloister; imprison, immure; incarcerate, entomb;
clap under hatches, lay under hatches; put in irons, put in a
strait-waistcoat; throw into prison, cast into prison; put into
bilboes. arrest; take up, take charge of, take into custody; take
prisoner, take captive, make prisoner, make captive; captivate; lead
captive, lead into captivity; send to prison, commit to prison; commit;
give in charge, give in custody; subjugate &c. 749. Adj. restrained,
constrained; imprisoned &c.v.; pent up; jammed in, wedged in; under
lock and key, under restraint, under hatches; in swaddling clothes; on
parole; in custody, doing time &c. (prisoner) 754; cohibitive[obs3];
coactive &c. (compulsory) 744[obs3]. stiff, restringent[obs3],
strait-laced, hidebound, barkbound[obs3]. ice bound, wind bound,
weather bound; "cabined cribbed confined" [Macbeth]; in Lob's pound,
laid by the heels.
#752. [Means of restraint.] Prison.—N. prison, prison house; jail,
gaol, cage, coop, den, cell; stronghold, fortress, keep, donjon,
dungeon, Bastille, oubliette, bridewell[obs3], house of correction,
hulks, tollbooth, panopticon[obs3], penitentiary, guardroom, lockup,
hold; round house, watch house, station house, sponging house; station;
house of detention, black hole, pen, fold, pound; inclosure &c. 232;
isolation (exclusion) 893; penal settlement, penal colony; bilboes,
stocks, limbo, quod*[Lat]; calaboose, chauki[obs3], choky[obs3],
thana[obs3]; workhouse [U.S.]. Newgate, Fleet, Marshalsea; King's (or
Queen's) Bench. bond; bandage; irons, pinion, gyve, fetter, shackle,
trammel, manacle, handcuff, straight jacket, strait jacket,
strait-jacket, strait-waistcoat, hopples[obs3]; vice, vise. yoke,
collar, halter, harness; muzzle, gag, bit, brake, curb, snaffle,
bridle; rein, reins; bearing rein; martingale; leading string; tether,
picket, band, guy, chain; cord &c. (fastening) 45; cavesson[obs3],
hackamore [obs3][U.S.], headstall, jaquima [obs3][U.S.], lines,
ribbons. bolt, deadbolt, bar, lock, police lock, combination lock,
padlock, rail, wall, stone wall; paling, palisade; fence, picket fence,
barbed wire fence, Cyclone fence, stockade fence, chain-link fence;
barrier, barricade. drag &c. (hindrance) 706.
#753. Keeper.—N. keeper, custodian, custos[Lat], ranger, warder,
jailer, gaoler, turnkey, castellan[obs3], guard; watchdog, watchman;
Charley; chokidar[obs3], durwan[obs3], hayward[obs3]; sentry, sentinel;
watch and ward; concierge, coast guard, guarda costa[Sp], game keeper.
escort, bodyguard. protector, governor, duenna[Sp]; guardian; governess
&c. (teacher) 540; nurse, nanny, babysitter, catsitter, dogsitter,
bonne[Fr], ayah[obs3].
#754. Prisoner.—N. prisoner, prisoner of war, POW, captive, inmate,
#
detainee, hostage, abductee[obs3], detenu[Fr], close prisoner.
jail bird, ticket of leave man, chevronne[Fr].
V. stand committed; be imprisoned &c. 751.
take prisoner, take hostage (capture) 789.
Adj. imprisoned &c. 751; in prison, in quod*[Lat], in durance
vile, in
limbo, in custody, doing time, in charge, in chains; under lock and
key,
under hatches; on parole.
#755. [Vicarious authority.] Commission.—N. commission, delegation;
#
consignment, assignment; procuration[obs3]; deputation, legation,
mission,
embassy; agency, agentship[obs3]; power of attorney; clerkship;
surrogacy.
errand, charge, brevet, diploma, exequatur[Lat], permit &c.
(permission) 760.
appointment, nomination, designation, return; charter; ordination;
installation, inauguration, investiture, swearing-in; accession,
coronation, enthronement.
vicegerency; regency, regentship.
viceroy &c. 745; consignee &c. 758; deputy &c. 759.
[person who receives a commission] agent, delegate, consignee &c.
758.
V. commission, delegate, depute; consign, assign; charge; intrust,
entrust; commit, commit to the hands of; authorize &c. (permit) 760.
put in commission, accredit, engage, hire, bespeak, appoint, name,
nominate, return, ordain; install, induct, inaugurate, swear in,
invest,
crown; enroll, enlist; give power of attorney to.
employ, empower; set over, place over; send out.
be commissioned, be accredited; represent, stand for; stand in the
stead of, stand in the place of, stand in the shoes of.
Adj. commissioned &c. v.
Adv. per procurationem[Lat].
#756. Abrogation.—N. abrogation, annulment, nullification, recision;
vacatur[Lat]; canceling &c. v.; cancel; revocation, revokement[obs3];
repeal, rescission, defeasance. dismissal, conge[Fr], demission|;
bounce* [U.S.]; deposal, deposition; dethronement; disestablishment,
disendowment[obs3]; deconsecration; sack*, walking papers, pink slip,
walking ticket; yellow cover*. abolition, abolishment; dissolution.
counter order, countermand; repudiation, retraction,
retractation[obs3]; recantation &c. (tergiversation) 607; abolitionist.
V. abrogate, annul, cancel; destroy &c. 162; abolish; revoke, repeal,
rescind, reverse, retract, recall; abolitionize[obs3]; overrule,
override; set aside; disannul, dissolve, quash, nullify, declare null
and void; disestablish, disendow[obs3]; deconsecrate. disclaim &c.
(deny) 536; ignore, repudiate; recant &c. 607; divest oneself, break
off. countermand, counter order; do away with; sweep away, brush away;
throw overboard, throw to the dogs; scatter to the winds, cast behind.
dismiss, discard; cast off, turn off, cast out, cast adrift, cast out
of doors, cast aside, cast away; send off, send away, send packing,
send about one's business; discharge, get rid of &c. (eject) 297;
bounce* [U.S.]; fire*, fire out*; sack*. cashier; break; oust; unseat,
unsaddle; unthrone[obs3], dethrone, disenthrone[obs3]; depose,
uncrown[obs3]; unfrock, strike off the roll; disbar, disbench[obs3]. be
abrogated &c.; receive its quietus; walk the plank. Adj. abrogated &c.
v.; functus officio[Lat]. Int. get along with you! begone! go about
your business! away with!
#757. Resignation.—N. resignation, retirement, abdication,
#
renunciation, abjuration; abandonment, relinquishment.
V. resign; give up, throw up; lay down, throw up the cards, wash
one's
hands of, abjure, renounce, forego, disclaim, retract; deny &c. 536.
abrogate &c. 756; desert &c. (relinquish) 624; get rid of &c. 782.
abdicate; vacate, vacate one's seat; accept the stewardship of the
Chiltern Hundreds; retire; tender one's resignation.
Adj. abdicant[obs3].
Phr. "Othello's occupation's gone" [Othello].
#758. Consignee.—N. consignee, trustee, nominee, committee.
agent, delegate; commissary, commissioner; emissary, envoy,
commissionaire[Fr]; messenger &c. 534. diplomatist, diplomat(e),
corps diplomatique[Fr], embassy; ambassador, embassador[obs3];
representative, resident, consul, legate, nuncio,
internuncio[obs3], charge d'affaires[Fr], attache. vicegerent &c.
(deputy) 759; plenipotentiary. functionary, placeman[obs3],
curator; treasurer &c. 801; factor, bailiff, clerk, secretary,
attorney, advocate, solicitor, proctor, broker, underwriter,
commission agent, auctioneer, one's man of business; factotum &c.
(director) 694; caretaker; dalal[obs3], dubash[obs3], garnishee,
gomashta[obs3]. negotiator, go-between; middleman; under agent,
employe; servant &c. 746; referee, arbitrator &c.. (judge) 967.
traveler, bagman, commis-voyageur[Fr], touter[obs3], commercial
traveler, drummer [U.S.], traveling man. newspaper correspondent,
own correspondent, special correspondent.
#759. Deputy.—N. deputy, substitute, vice, proxy, locum tenens,
#
badli[obs3], delegate, representative, next friend, surrogate,
secondary.
regent, viceregent[obs3], vizier, minister, vicar; premier &c.
(director) 694; chancellor, prefect, provost, warden, lieutenant,
archon,
consul, proconsul; viceroy &c. (governor) 745; commissioner &c. 758;
Tsung-
li Yamen, Wai Wu Pu; plenipotentiary, alter ego.
team, eight, eleven; champion.
V. be deputy &c. n.; stand for, appear for, hold a brief for,
answer
for; represent; stand in the shoes of, walk in the shoes of; stand in
the
stead of.
ablegate[obs3], accredit.
Adj. acting, vice, vice regal; accredited to.
Adv. in behalf of.
SECTION II. SPECIAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
#760. Permission.—N. permission, leave; allowance, sufferance;
tolerance, toleration; liberty, law, license, concession, grace;
indulgence &c. (lenity) 740; favor, dispensation, exemption, release;
connivance; vouchsafement[obs3]. authorization, warranty, accordance,
admission. permit, warrant, brevet, precept, sanction, authority,
firman; hukm[obs3]; pass, passport; furlough, license, carte
blanche[Fr], ticket of leave; grant, charter; patent, letters patent.
V. permit; give permission &c. n., give power; let, allow, admit;
suffer, bear with, tolerate, recognize; concede &c. 762; accord,
vouchsafe, favor, humor, gratify, indulge, stretch a point; wink at,
connive at; shut one's eyes to. grant, empower, charter, enfranchise,
privilege, confer a privilege, license, authorize, warrant; sanction;
intrust &c. (commission) 755. give carte blanche[Fr], give the reins
to, give scope to &c. (freedom) 748; leave alone, leave it to one,
leave the door open; open the door to, open the flood gates; give a
loose to. let off; absolve &c. (acquit) 970; release, exonerate,
dispense with. ask permission, beg permission, request permission, ask
leave, beg leave, request leave. Adj. permitting &c. v.; permissive,
indulgent; permitted &c. v.; patent, chartered, permissible, allowable,
lawful, legitimate, legal; legalized &c. (law) 963; licit;
unforbid[obs3], unforbidden[obs3]; unconditional. Adv. by leave, with
leave, on leave &c. n.; speciali gratia[It]; under favor of; pace; ad
libitum &c. (freely) 748, (at will) 600; by all means &c. (willingly)
602; yes &c. (assent) 488. Phr. avec permissin[Fr]; brevet d'invention
[Fr].
#761. Prohibition.—N. prohibition, inhibition; veto, disallowance;
interdict, interdiction; injunction, estoppel[Law]; embargo, ban,
taboo, proscription; index expurgatorius[Lat]; restriction &c.
(restraint) 751; hindrance &c.706; forbidden fruit; Maine law [U.S.].
V. prohibit, inhibit; forbid, put one's veto upon, disallow, enjoin,
ban, outlaw, taboo, proscribe, estop[Law]; bar; debar &c. (hinder) 706,
forefend. keep in, keep within bounds; restrain &c. 751; cohibit[obs3],
withhold, limit, circumscribe, clip the wings of, restrict; interdict,
taboo; put under an interdiction, place under an interdiction; put
under the ban, place under the ban; proscribe; exclude, shut out; shut
the door, bolt the door, show the door; warn off; dash the cup from
one's lips; forbid the banns. Adj. prohibitive, prohibitory;
proscriptive; restrictive, exclusive; forbidding &c. v. prohibited &c.
v.; not permitted &c. 760; unlicensed, contraband, impermissible, under
the ban of; illegal &c. 964; unauthorized, not to be thought of,
uncountenanced, unthinkable, beyond the pale. Adv. on no account &c.
(no) 536. Int. forbid it heaven! &c. (deprecation) 766. hands off! keep
off! hold! stop! desist! cease and desist! avast! Phr. that will never
do; don't you dare; forget it; don't even think about doing it;"go
ahead; make my day [ironical, threatening]" [Dirty Harry].
#762. Consent.—N. consent; assent &c. 488; acquiescence; approval
&c. 931; compliance, agreement, concession; yieldance|,
yieldingness[obs3]; accession, acknowledgment, acceptance, agnition|.
settlement, ratification, confirmation, adjustment. permit &c.
(permission) 760; promise &c. 768. V. consent; assent &c. 488; yield
assent, admit, allow, concede, grant, yield; come round, come over;
give into, acknowledge, agnize[obs3], give consent, comply with,
acquiesce, agree to, fall in with, accede, accept, embrace an offer,
close with, take at one's word, have no objection. satisfy, meet one's
wishes, settle, come to terms &c. 488; not refuse &c. 764; turn a
willing ear &c. (willingness) 602; jump at; deign, vouchsafe; promise
&c. 768. Adj. consenting &c. v.; squeezable; agreed &c. (assent) 488;
unconditional. Adv. OK, yes &c. (assent) 488; by all means &c.
(willingly) 602; no problem; if you please, as you please; be it so, so
be it, well and good, of course; please do; don't hesitate. Phr. chi
tace accousente[It][obs3].
#763. Offer.—N. offer, proffer, presentation, tender, bid, overture;
proposal, proposition; motion, invitation; candidature; offering &c.
(gift) 784. V. offer, proffer, present, tender; bid; propose, move;
make a motion, make advances; start; invite, hold out, place in one's
way, put forward. hawk about; offer for sale &c. 796; press &c.
(request) 765; lay at one's feet. offer oneself, present oneself;
volunteer, come forward, be a candidate; stand for, bid for; seek; be
at one's service; go a begging; bribe &c. (give) 784. Adj. offering,
offered &c. v.; in the market, for sale, to let, disengaged, on hire.
#764. Refusal.—N. refusal, rejection; noncompliance,
incompliance[obs3]; denial; declining &c. v.; declension;
declinature[obs3]; peremptory refusal, flat refusal, point blank
refusal; repulse, rebuff; discountenance. recusancy, abnegation,
protest, disclaimer; dissent &c. 489; revocation &c. 756. V. refuse,
reject, deny, decline, turn down; nill, negative; refuse one's assent,
withhold one's assent; shake the head; close the hand, close the purse;
grudge, begrudge, be slow to, hang fire; pass [at cards]. be deaf to;
dismiss, turn a deaf ear to, turn one's back upon; set one's face
against, discountenance, not hear of, have nothing to do with, wash
one's hands of, stand aloof, forswear, set aside, cast behind one; not
yield an inch &c. (obstinacy) 606. resist, cross; not grant &c. 762;
repel, repulse, shut the door in one's face, slam the door in one's
face; rebuff; send back, send to the right about, send away with a flea
in the ear; deny oneself, not be at home to; discard, spurn, &c.
(repudiate) 610; rescind &c. (revoke) 756; disclaim, protest; dissent
&c. 489. Adj. refusing &c. v.; restive, restiff|; recusant;
uncomplying, unconsenting; not willing to hear of, deaf to. refused &c.
v.; ungranted, out of the question, not to be thought of, impossible.
Adv. no &c. 536; on no account, not for the world; no thank you, thanks
but no thanks. Phr. non possumus[Lat]; your humble
servant[ironically]; bien oblige[Fr]; not on your life [U.S.]; no way;
not even if you beg on your knees.
#765. Request.—N. request, requisition; claim &c. (demand) 741;
petition, suit, prayer; begging letter, round robin. motion, overture,
application, canvass, address, appeal, apostrophe; imprecation;
rogation; proposal, proposition. orison &c. (worship) 990; incantation
&c. (spell) 993. mendicancy; asking, begging &c. v.; postulation,
solicitation, invitation, entreaty, importunity, supplication,
instance, impetration[obs3], imploration[obs3], obsecration[obs3],
obtestation[obs3], invocation, interpellation. V. request, ask; beg,
crave, sue, pray, petition, solicit, invite, pop the question, make
bold to ask; beg leave, beg a boon; apply to, call to, put to; call
upon, call for; make a request, address a request, prefer a request,
put up a request, make a prayer, address a prayer, prefer a prayer, put
up a prayer, make a petition, address a petition, prefer a petition,
put up a petition; make application, make a requisition; ask trouble,
ask one for; claim &c. (demand) 741; offer up prayers &c. (worship)
990; whistle for. beg hard, entreat, beseech, plead, supplicate,
implore; conjure, adjure; obtest[obs3]; cry to, kneel to, appeal to;
invoke, evoke; impetrate[obs3], imprecate, ply, press, urge, beset,
importune, dun, tax, clamor for; cry aloud, cry for help; fall on one's
knees; throw oneself at the feet of; come down on one's marrowbones.
beg from door to door, send the hat round, go a begging;
mendicate[obs3], mump[obs3], cadge, beg one's bread. dance attendance
on, besiege, knock at the door. bespeak, canvass, tout, make interest,
court; seek, bid for &c. (offer) 763; publish the banns. Adj.
requesting &c. v.; precatory[obs3]; suppliant, supplicant,
supplicatory; postulant; obsecratory[obs3]. importunate, clamorous,
urgent; cap in hand; on one's knees, on one's bended knees, on one's
marrowbones. Adv. prithee, do, please, pray; be so good as, be good
enough; have the goodness, vouchsafe, will you, I pray thee, if you
please. Int. for God's sake! for heaven's sake! for goodness' sake! for
mercy's sake! Phr. Dieu vous garde[Fr]; dirigenos Domine[Lat]; would
you be so kind as to.
#766. [Negative request.] Deprecation.—N. deprecation,
#
expostulation; intercession, mediation, protest, remonstrance.
V. deprecate, protest, expostulate, enter a protest, intercede
for;
remonstrate.
Adj. deprecatory, expostulatory[obs3], intercessory,
mediatorial[obs3].
deprecated, protested.
unsought, unbesought[obs3]; unasked &c. (see ask &c. 765).
Int. cry you mercy! God forbid! forbid it Heaven! Heaven forefend,
Heaven forbid! far be it from! hands off! &c. (prohibition) 761; please
don't.
#767. Petitioner.—N. petitioner, solicitor, applicant; suppliant,
supplicant; suitor, candidate, claimant, postulant, aspirant,
competitor, bidder; place hunter, pot hunter; prizer[obs3]; seeker.
beggar, mendicant, moocher, panhandler, freeloader, sponger,
mumper[obs3], sturdy beggar, cadger; hotel runner, runner, steerer
[U.S.], tout, touter[obs3]. [poor person] pauper, homeless person,
hobo, bum, tramp, bindle stiff, bo, knight of the road (poverty) 804;
hippie, flower child; hard core unemployed; welfare client, welfare
case. canvasser, bagman &c.758; salesman.
SECTION III. CONDITIONAL INTERSOCIAL VOLITION
#768. Promise.—N. promise, undertaking, word, troth, plight, pledge,
parole, word of honor, vow; oath &c. (affirmation) 535; profession,
assurance, warranty, guarantee, insurance, obligation; contract &c.
769; stipulation. engagement, preengagement; affiance; betroth,
betrothal, betrothment. V. promise; give a promise &c. n.; undertake,
engage; make an engagement, form an engagement; enter into an
engagement, enter on an engagement; bind oneself, tie oneself, pledge
oneself, commit oneself, take upon oneself; vow; swear &c. (affirm)
535, give one's word, pass one's word, pledge one's word, plight one's
word, give one's honor, pass one's honor, pledge one's honor, plight
one's honor, give credit, pass credit, pledge credit, plight credit,
give troth, pass troth, pledge troth, plight troth; betroth, plight
faith. assure, warrant, guarantee; covenant &c. 769; attest &c. (bear
witness) 467. hold out an expectation; contract an obligation; become
bound to, become sponsor for; answer for, be answerable for; secure;
give security &c. 771; underwrite. adjure, administer an oath, put to
one's oath, swear a witness. Adj. promising &c. v.; promissory; votive;
under hand and seal, upon oath. promised &c. v.; affianced, pledged,
bound; committed, compromised; in for it. Adv. as one's head shall
answer for. Phr. in for a penny in for a pound; ex voto[Lat]; gage
d'amour.
#768a. Release from engagement.—N. release &c. (liberation) 750.
#
Adj. absolute; unconditional &c. (free) 748.
#769. Compact.—N. compact, contract, agreement, bargain;
#
affidation[obs3]; pact, paction[obs3]; bond, covenant, indenture;
bundobast[obs3], deal.
stipulation, settlement, convention; compromise, cartel.
Protocol, treaty, concordat, Zollverein[Ger], Sonderbund[Ger],
charter, Magna Charta[Lat], Progmatic Sanction, customs union, free
trade
region; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, GATT; most favored
nation
status.
negotiation &c. (bargaining) 794; diplomacy &c. (mediation) 724;
negotiator &c. (agent) 758.
ratification, completion, signature, seal, sigil[Lat], signet.
V. contract, covenant, agree for; engage &c. (promise) 768.
treat, negotiate, stipulate, make terms; bargain &c. (barter) 794.
make a bargain, strike a bargain; come to terms, come to an
understanding; compromise &c. 774; set at rest; close, close with;
conclude, complete, settle; confirm, ratify, clench, subscribe,
underwrite;
endorse, indorse; put the seal to; sign, seal &c. (attest) 467; indent.
take one at one's word, bargain by inch of candle.
Adj. agreed &c. v.; conventional; under hand and seal.
Phr. caveat emptor.
#770. Conditions.—N. conditions, terms; articles, articles of
#
agreement; memorandum.
clauses, provisions; proviso &c. (qualification) 469; covenant,
stipulation, obligation, ultimatum, sine qua non; casus foederris[Lat].
V. make terms, come to terms &c. (contract) 769; make it a
condition,
stipulate, insist upon, make a point of; bind, tie up.
Adj. conditional, provisional, guarded, fenced, hedged in.
Adv. conditionally &c. (with qualification) 469; provisionally,
pro re
nata[Lat]; on condition; with a string to it.
#771. Security.—N. security; guaranty, guarantee; gage, warranty,
#
bond, tie, pledge, plight, mortgage, collateral, debenture,
hypothecation,
bill of sale, lien, pawn, pignoration[obs3]; real security;
vadium[obs3].
stake, deposit, earnest, handsel, caution.
promissory note; bill, bill of exchange; I.O.U.; personal
security,
covenant, specialty; parole &c. (promise) 768.
acceptance, indorsement[obs3], signature, execution, stamp, seal.
sponsor, cosponsor, sponsion[obs3], sponsorship; surety, bail;
mainpernor[obs3], hostage; godchild, godfather, godmother.
recognizance; deed of indemnity, covenant of indemnity.
authentication, verification, warrant, certificate, voucher,
docket,
doquet[obs3]; record &c. 551; probate, attested copy.
receipt; acquittance, quittance; discharge, release.
muniment[obs3], title deed, instrument; deed, deed poll;
assurance,
indenture; charter &c. (compact) 769; charter poll; paper, parchment,
settlement, will, testament, last will and testament, codicil.
V. give security, give bail, give substantial bail; go bail; pawn,
impawn[obs3], spout, mortgage, hypothecate, impignorate[obs3].
guarantee, warrant, warrantee, assure; accept, indorse,
underwrite,
insure;cosign, countersign, sponsor, cosponsor.
execute, stamp; sign, seal &c. (evidence) 467.
let, sett[obs3]; grant a lease, take a lease, hold a lease; hold
in
pledge; lend on security &c. 787.
Phr. bonis avibus[Lat]; "gone where the woodbine twineth".
#772. Observance.—N. observance, performance, compliance,
acquiescence, concurrence; obedience &c. 743; fulfillment,
satisfaction, discharge; acquittance, acquittal. adhesion,
acknowledgment; fidelity &c. (probity) 939; exact &c. 494 - observance.
V. observe, comply with, respect, acknowledge, abide by; cling to,
adhere to, be faithful to, act up to; meet, fulfill; carry out, carry
into execution; execute, perform, keep, satisfy, discharge; do one's
office. perform an obligation, fulfill an obligation, discharge an
obligation, acquit oneself of an obligation; make good; make good one's
word, make good one's promise, keep one's word, keep one's promise;
redeem one's pledge; keep faith with, stand to one's engagement. Adj.
observant, faithful, true, loyal; honorable &c. 939; true as the dial
to the sun, true as the needle to the pole; punctual, punctilious;
literal &c. (exact) 494; as good as one's word. Adv. faithfully &c.
adj. Phr. ignoscito saepe alteri nunquam tibi[Lat]; tempori
parendum[Lat]; "to God, thy country, and thy friend be true" [Vaughan].
#773. Nonobservance.—N. nonobservance &c. 772; evasion,
#
inobservance, failure, omission, neglect, laches[Law], laxity,
informality.
infringement, infraction; violation, transgression; piracy.
retraction, retractation[obs3], repudiation, nullification;
protest;
forfeiture.
lawlessness; disobedience &c. 742; bad faith &c. 940.
V. fail, neglect, omit, elude, evade, give the go-by to, set
aside,
ignore; shut one's eyes to, close one's eyes to.
infringe, transgress, violate, pirate, break, trample under foot,
do
violence to, drive a coach and six through.
discard, protest, repudiate, fling to the winds, set at naught,
nullify, declare null and void; cancel &c. (wipe off) 552.
retract, go back from, be off, forfeit, go from one's word,
palter;
stretch a point, strain a point.
Adj. violating &c. v.; lawless, transgressive; elusive, evasive.
unfulfilled &c. (see fulfill &c. 772).
#774. Compromise.—N. compromise, commutation, composition; middle
term, mezzo termine[It]; compensation &c. 30; abatement of differences,
adjustment, mutual concession. V. compromise, commute, compound; take
the mean; split the difference, meet one halfway, give and take; come
to terms &c. (contract) 769; submit to arbitration, abide by
arbitration; patch up, bridge over, arrange; straighten out, adjust,
differences, agree; make the best of, make a virtue of necessity; take
the will for the deed.
SECTION IV. POSSESSIVE RELATIONS
1. Property in general
#775. Acquisition.—N. acquisition; gaining &c. v.; obtainment;
procuration[obs3], procurement; purchase, descent, inheritance; gift
&c. 784. recovery, retrieval, revendication[obs3], replevin[Law],
restitution &c. 790; redemption, salvage, trover[Law]. find,
trouvaille[obs3], foundling. gain, thrift; money-making, money
grubbing; lucre, filthy lucre, pelf; loaves and fishes, the main
chance; emolument &c. (remuneration) 973. profit, earnings, winnings,
innings, pickings, net profit; avails; income &c. (receipt) 810;
proceeds, produce, product; outcome, output; return, fruit, crop,
harvest; second crop, aftermath; benefit &c. (good) 618. sweepstakes,
trick, prize, pool; pot; wealth &c. 803. subreption[obs3][Fraudulent
acquisition]; obreption[obs3]; stealing &c. 791. V. acquire, get, gain,
win, earn, obtain, procure, gather; collect &c. (assemble) 72; pick,
pickup; glean.
find; come upon, pitch upon, light upon; scrape up, scrape
together; get in, reap and carry, net, bag, sack, bring home,
secure; derive, draw, get in the harvest. profit; make profit,
draw profit, turn a quick profit; turn to profit, turn to account;
make capital out of, make money by; obtain a return, reap the
fruits of; reap an advantage, gain an advantage; turn a penny,
turn an honest penny; make the pot boil, bring grist to the mill;
make money, coin money, raise money; raise funds, raise the wind;
fill one's pocket &c. (wealth) 803. treasure up &c. (store) 636;
realize, clear; produce &c. 161; take &c. 789. get back, recover,
regain, retrieve, revendicate[obs3], replevy[Law], redeem, come by
one's own. come by, come in for; receive &c. 785; inherit; step
into a fortune, step into the shoes of; succeed to. get hold of,
get between one's finger and thumb, get into one's hand, get at;
take possession, come into possession, enter into possession. be
profitable &c. adj.; pay, answer. accrue &c. (be received) 785.
Adj. acquiring, acquired &c. v.; profitable, advantageous,
gainful, remunerative, paying, lucrative. Phr. lucri causa[Lat].
#776. Loss.—N. loss; deperdition[obs3], perdition; forfeiture,
#
lapse.
privation, bereavement; deprivation &c. (dispossession) 789;
riddance;
damage, squandering, waste.
V. lose; incur a loss, experience a loss, meet with a loss; miss;
mislay, let slip, allow to slip through the fingers; be without &c.
(exempt) 777a; forfeit.
get rid of &c. 782; waste &c. 638.
be lost; lapse.
Adj. losing &c. v.; not having &c. 777a.
shorn of, deprived of; denuded, bereaved, bereft, minus, cut off;
dispossessed &c. 789; rid of, quit of; out of pocket.
lost &c. v.; long lost; irretrievable &c. (hopeless) 859; off
one's
hands.
Int. farewell to! adieu to.
#777. Possession.—N. possession, seizin[Law], seisin[Law]; ownership
&c. 780; occupancy; hold, holding; tenure, tenancy, feodality[obs3],
dependency; villenage, villeinage[obs3]; socage[obs3], chivalry, knight
service. exclusive possession, impropriation[obs3], monopoly, retention
&c.781; prepossession, preoccupancy[obs3]; nine points of the law;
corner, usucaption[obs3]. future possession, heritage, inheritance,
heirship, reversion, fee, seigniority[obs3]; primogeniture,
ultimogeniture[obs3]. futures contract[right of future possession;
financial instruments], warrant, put, call, option; right of first
refusal. bird in hand, uti possidetis[Lat], chose in possession. V.
possess, have, hold, occupy, enjoy; be possessed of &c. adj.; have in
hand &c. adj.; own &c. 780; command. inherit; come to, come in for.
engross, monopolize, forestall, regrate[obs3], impropriate[obs3], have
all to oneself; corner; have a firmhold of &c. (retain) 781[obs3]; get
into one's hand &c. (acquire) 775. belong to, appertain to, pertain to;
be in one's possession &c. adj.; vest in. Adj. possessing &c. v.;
worth; possessed of, seized of, master of, in possession of;
usucapient[obs3]; endowed with, blest with, instinct with, fraught
with, laden with, charged with. possessed &c. v.; on hand, by one; in
hand, in store, in stock; in one's hands, in one's grasp, in one's
possession; at one's command, at one's disposal; one's own &c.
(property) 780. unsold, unshared. Phr. entbehre gern was du nicht
hast[Ger]; meum et tuum[Lat]; tuum est[Lat].
#777a. Exemption.—N. exemption; absence &c. 187; exception,
#
immunity, privilege, release.
V. not have &c. 777; be without &c. adj.; excuse.
Adj. exempt from, devoid of, without, unpossessed of[obs3],
unblest
with[obs3]; immune from.
not having &c. 777; unpossessed[obs3]; untenanted &c. (vacant)
187;
without an owner.
unobtained[obs3], unacquired.
#778. [Joint possession.] Participation.—N. participation;
#
cotenancy[obs3], joint tenancy; occupancy in common, possession in
common,
tenancy in common; joint stock, common stock; co-partnership,
partnership;
communion; community of possessions, community of goods; communism,
socialism; cooperation &c. 709.
snacks, coportion|, picnic, hotchpot[obs3]; co-heirship, co-
parceny[obs3], co-parcenary; gavelkind[obs3].
participator, sharer; co-partner, partner; shareholder; co-tenant,
joint tenant; tenants in common; co-heir, co-parcener[obs3].
communist, socialist.
V. participate, partake; share, share in; come in for a share; go
shares, go snacks, go halves; share and share alike.
have in common, possess in common, be seized in common, have as
joint
tenants, possess as joint tenants, be seized as joint tenants &c. n.
join in; have a hand in &c. (cooperate) 709.
Adj. partaking &c. v.; communistic.
Adv. share and share alike.
#779. Possessor.—N. possessor, holder; occupant, occupier; tenant;
#
person in possession, man in possession &c.777; renter, lodger, lessee,
underlessee[obs3]; zemindar[obs3], ryot[obs3]; tenant on sufferance,
tenant
at will, tenant from year to year, tenant for years, tenant for life.
owner; proprietor, proprietress, proprietary; impropriator[obs3],
master, mistress, lord.
land holder, land owner, landlord, land lady, slumlord; lord of
the
manor, lord paramount; heritor, laird, vavasour[obs3], landed gentry,
mesne
lord[obs3]; planter.
cestui-que-trust[Fr], beneficiary, mortgagor.
grantee, feoffee[obs3], releasee[Law], relessee[obs3], devisee;
legatee, legatary[obs3].
trustee; holder &c. of the legal estate; mortgagee.
right owner, rightful owner.
[Future possessor] heir presumptive, heir apparent; heiress;
inheritor, inheritress, inheritrix; reversioner[obs3],
remainderman[obs3].
#780. Property.—N. property, possession, suum cuique[Lat], meum et
tuum[Lat]. ownership, proprietorship, lordship; seignority[obs3];
empire &c. (dominion) 737. interest, stake, estate, right, title,
claim, demand, holding; tenure &c. (possession) 777; vested interest,
contingent interest, beneficial interest, equitable interest; use,
trust, benefit; legal estate, equitable estate; seizin[Law],
seisin[Law]. absolute interest, paramount estate, freehold; fee tail,
fee simple; estate in fee, estate in tail, estate tail; estate in tail
male, estate in tail female, estate in tail general. limitation, term,
lease, settlement, strict settlement, particular estate; estate for
life, estate for years, estate pur autre vie[Fr]; remainder, reversion,
expectancy, possibility. dower, dowry, jointure[obs3], appanage,
inheritance, heritage, patrimony, alimony; legacy &c. (gift) 784;
Falcidian law, paternal estate, thirds. assets, belongings, means,
resources, circumstances; wealth &c. 803; money &c. 800; what one is
worth, what one will cut up for; estate and effects. landed property,
landed real estate property; realty; land, lands; tenements;
hereditaments; corporeal hereditaments, incorporeal hereditaments;
acres; ground &c. (earth) 342; acquest[obs3], messuage, toft[obs3].
territory, state, kingdom, principality, realm, empire, protectorate,
sphere of influence. manor, honor, domain, demesne; farm, plantation,
hacienda; allodium &c. (free) 748[obs3]; fief, fieff[obs3],
feoff[obs3], feud, zemindary[obs3], dependency; arado[obs3],
merestead[obs3], ranch. free lease-holds, copy lease-holds;
folkland[obs3]; chattels real; fixtures, plant, heirloom; easement;
right of common, right of user. personal property, personal estate,
personal effects; personalty, chattels, goods, effects, movables;
stock, stock in trade; things, traps, rattletraps, paraphernalia;
equipage &c. 633. parcels, appurtenances. impedimenta; luggage,
baggage; bag and baggage; pelf; cargo, lading. rent roll; income &c.
(receipts) 810; maul and wedges [U.S.]. patent, copyright; chose in
action; credit &c. 805; debt &c.806. V. possess &c. 777; be the
possessor &c. 779 of; own; have for one's own, have for one's very own;
come in for, inherit. savor of the realty. be one's property &c. n.;
belong to; appertain to, pertain to. Adj. one's own; landed,
predial[obs3], manorial, allodial[obs3]; free lease-hold, copy
lease-hold; feudal, feodal[obs3]. Adv. to one's credit, to one's
account; to the good. to one and his heirs for ever, to one and the
heirs of his body, to one and his heirs and assigns, to one and his
executors administrators and assigns.
#781. Retention.—N. retention; retaining &c. v.; keep, detention,
#
custody; tenacity, firm hold, grasp, gripe, grip, iron grip.
fangs, teeth, claws, talons, nail, unguis, hook, tentacle,
tenaculum;
bond &c. (vinculum) 45.
clutches, tongs, forceps, pincers, nippers, pliers, vice.
paw, hand, finger, wrist, fist, neaf[obs3], neif[obs3].
bird in hand; captive &c.754.
V. retain, keep; hold fast one's own, hold tight one's own, hold
fast
one's ground, hold tight one's ground; clinch, clench, clutch, grasp,
gripe, hug, have a firm hold of.
secure, withhold, detain; hold back, keep back; keep close;
husband
&c. (store) 636; reserve; have in stock, have on hand, keep in stock
&c.
(possess) 777; entail, tie up, settle.
Adj. retaining &c. v.; retentive, tenacious.
unforfeited[obs3], undeprived, undisposed, uncommunicated.
incommunicable, inalienable; in mortmain[Fr]; in strict
settlement.
Phr. uti possidetis[Lat].
#782. Relinquishment.—N. relinquishment, abandonment &c. (of a
course) 624; renunciation, expropriation|!, dereliction; cession,
surrender, dispensation; quitclaim deed; resignation &c.757; riddance.
derelict &c. adj.; foundling; jetsam, waif. discards, culls, rejects;
garbage, refuse, rubbish. V. relinquish, give up, surrender, yield,
cede; let go, let slip; spare, drop, resign, forego, renounce, abandon,
expropriate|!, give away, dispose of, part with; lay aside, lay apart,
lay down, lay on the shelf &c. (disuse) 678; set aside, put aside, put
away; make away with, cast behind; maroon. give notice to quit, give
warning; supersede; be rid of, get rid of, be quit of, get quit of;
eject &c. 297. rid oneself of, disburden oneself of, divest oneself of,
dispossess oneself of; wash one's hands of. discard, cast off, dismiss;
cast away, throw away, pitch away, fling away, cast aside, cast
overboard, cast to the dogs, throw aside, throw overboard, throw to the
dogs, pitch aside, pitch overboard, pitch to the dogs, fling aside,
fling overboard, fling to the dogs; cast to the winds, throw to the
winds, sweep to the winds; put away, turn away, sweep away; jettison;
reject. quit one's hold, quitclaim. Adj. relinquished &c. v.; cast off,
derelict; unowned, unappropriated, unculled; left &c. (residuary) 40.
Int. away with!
2. Transfer of Property
#783. Transfer.—N. transfer, conveyance, assignment, alienation,
#
abalienation[obs3]; demise, limitation; conveyancing[obs3];
transmission
&c. (transference) 270; enfeoffment[obs3], bargain and sale, lease and
release; exchange &c. (interchange) 148; barter &c. 794; substitution
&c.
147.
succession, reversion; shifting use, shifting trust; devolution.
V. transfer, convey; alienate, alien; assign; grant &c. (confer)
784;
consign; make over, hand over; pass, hand, transmit, negotiate; hand
down;
exchange &c.(interchange) 148.
change hands, change hands from one to another; devolve, succeed;
come
into possession &c. (acquire) 775.
abalienate[obs3]; disinherit; dispossess &c. 789; substitute &c.
147.
Adj. alienable, negotiable.
Phr. estate coming into possession.
#784. Giving.—N. giving &c. v.; bestowal, bestowment[obs3],
#
donation; presentation, presentment; accordance; concession; delivery,
consignment, dispensation, communication, endowment; investment,
investiture; award.
almsgiving[obs3], charity, liberality, generosity.
[Thing given] gift, donation, present, cadeau[obs3]; fairing; free
gift, boon, favor, benefaction, grant, offering, oblation, sacrifice,
immolation; lagniappe [U.S.], pilon [obs3][U.S.].
grace, act of grace, bonus.
allowance, contribution, subscription, subsidy, tribute,
subvention.
bequest, legacy, devise, will, dotation[obs3], dot, appanage;
voluntary settlement, voluntary conveyance &c. 783; amortization.
alms, largess, bounty, dole, sportule|, donative[obs3], help,
oblation, offertory, honorarium, gratuity, Peter pence, sportula[obs3],
Christmas box, Easter offering, vail[obs3], douceur[Fr], drink money,
pourboire, trinkgeld[Ger], bakshish[obs3]; fee &c. (recompense) 973;
consideration.
bribe, bait, ground bait; peace offering, handsel; boodle*, graft,
grease*;blat[Russian].
giver, grantor &c. v.; donor, feoffer[obs3], settlor.
V. deliver, hand, pass, put into the hands of; hand over, make
over,
deliver over, pass over, turn over; assign dower.
present, give away, dispense, dispose of; give out, deal out, dole
out, mete out, fork out, squeeze out.
pay &c. 807; render, impart, communicate.
concede, cede, yield, part with, shed, cast; spend &c. 809.
give, bestow, confer, grant, accord, award, assign.
intrust, consign, vest in.
make a present; allow, contribute, subscribe, furnish its quota.
invest, endow, settle upon; bequeath, leave, devise.
furnish, supply, help; administer to; afford, spare; accommodate
with,
indulge with, favor with; shower down upon; lavish, pour on, thrust
upon.
tip, bribe; tickle the palm, grease the palm; offer &c. 763;
sacrifice, immolate.
Adj. giving &c. v.; given &c. v.; allowed, allowable;
concessional[obs3]; communicable; charitable, eleemosynary,
sportulary|,
tributary; gratis &c. 815; donative[obs3].
Phr. auctor pretiosa facit[Lat]; ex dono[Lat]; res est ingeniosa
dare
[Lat][Ovid].
#785. Receiving.—N. receiving &c. v.; acquisition &c. 775; reception
#
&c. (introduction) 296; suscipiency|!, acceptance, admission.
recipient, accipient[obs3]; assignee, devisee; legatee,
legatary[obs3]; grantee, feoffee[obs3], donee[Fr], releasee[Law],
relessee[obs3], lessee; receiver.
sportulary|, stipendiary; beneficiary; pensioner,
pensionary[obs3];
almsman[obs3].
income &c. (receipt) 810.
V. receive; take &c. 789; acquire &c. 775; admit.
take in, catch, touch; pocket; put into one's pocket, put into
one's
purse; accept; take off one's hands.
be received; come in, come to hand; pass into one's hand, fall
into
one's hand; go into one's pocket; fall to one's lot, fall to one's
share;
come to one, fall to one; accrue; have given &c. 784 to one.
Adj. receiving &c. v.; recipient, suscipient|!.
received &c. v.; given &c. 784; secondhand.
not given, unbestowed &c. (see give, bestow &c. 784).
#786. Apportionment.—N. apportionment, allotment, consignment,
#
assignment, appointment; appropriation; dispensation, distribution;
division, deal; repartition, partition; administration.
dividend, portion, contingent, share, allotment, fair share,
allocation, lot, measure, dose; dole, meed, pittance; quantum, ration;
ratio, proportion, quota, modicum, mess, allowance; suerte[obs3].
V. apportion, divide; distribute, administer, dispense; billet,
allot,
detail, cast, share, mete; portion out, parcel out, dole out; deal,
carve.
allocate, ration, ration out; assign; separate &c. 44.
partition, assign, appropriate, appoint.
come in for one's share &c. (participate) 778.
Adj. apportioning &c. v.; respective.
Adv. respectively, each to each.
#787. Lending.—N. lending &c. v.; loan, advance, accommodation,
#
feneration|; mortgage, second mortgage, home loan &c. (security) 771;
investment; note, bond, commercial paper.
mont de piete[Fr], pawnshop, my uncle's.
lender, pawnbroker, money lender; usurer, loan shark.
loaner
V[item loaned][coll.]. lend, advance, accommodate with; lend on
security; loan; pawn &c. (security) 771.
intrust, invest; place out to interest, put out to interest.
let, demise, lease, sett[obs3], underlet.
Adj. lending &c. v.; lent &c. v.; unborrowed &c. (see borrowed &c.
788)[obs3].
Adv. in advance; on loan, on security.
#788. Borrowing.—N. borrowing, pledging.
#
borrowed plumes; plagiarism &c. (thieving) 791.
replevin[Law].
V. borrow, desume|.
hire, rent, farm; take a lease, take a demise; take by the hour,
take
by the mile, take by the year &c., hire by the hour, hire by the mile,
hire
by the year &c.; adopt, apply, appropriate, imitate, make use of, take.
raise money, take up money; raise the wind; fly a kite, borrow
from
Peter to pay Paul; run into debt &c. (debt) 806.
replevy[Law].
#789. Taking.—N. taking &c. v.; reception &c. (taking in) 296;
deglutition &c. (taking food) 298; appropriation, prehension,
prensation|; capture, caption; apprehension, deprehension|; abreption|,
seizure, expropriation, abduction, ablation; subtraction, withdrawal
&c. 38; abstraction, ademption[obs3]; adrolepsy|!. dispossession;
deprivation, deprivement[obs3]; bereavement; divestment;
disherison[obs3]; distraint, distress; sequestration, confiscation;
eviction &c. 297. rapacity, rapaciousness, extortion, vampirism; theft
&c.791. resumption; reprise, reprisal; recovery &c. 775. clutch, swoop,
wrench; grip &c. (retention) 781; haul, take, catch; scramble. taker,
captor. [Geol: descent of one of the earth's crustal plates under
another plate] subduction. V. take, catch, hook, nab, bag, sack,
pocket, put into one's pocket; receive; accept. reap, crop, cull,
pluck; gather &c. (get) 775; draw. appropriate, expropriate,
impropriate[obs3]; assume, possess oneself of; take possession of;
commandeer; lay one's hands on, clap one's hands on; help oneself to;
make free with, dip one's hands into, lay under contribution;
intercept; scramble for; deprive of. take away, carry away, bear away,
take off, carry off, bear off; adeem|!; abstract; hurry off with, run
away with; abduct; steal &c. 791; ravish; seize; pounce upon, spring
upon; swoop to, swoop down upon; take by storm, take by assault;
snatch, reave[obs3]. snap up, nip up, whip up, catch up; kidnap, crimp,
capture, lay violent hands on. get hold of, lay hold of, take hold of,
catch hold of, lay fast hold of, take firm hold of; lay by the heels,
take prisoner; fasten upon, grip, grapple, embrace, gripe, clasp, grab,
clutch, collar, throttle, take by the throat, claw, clinch, clench,
make sure of. catch at, jump at, make a grab at, snap at, snatch at;
reach, make a long arm, stretch forth one's hand. take from, take away
from; disseize[obs3]; deduct &c. 38; retrench &c. (curtail) 201;
dispossess, ease one of, snatch from one's grasp; tear from, tear away
from, wrench from, wrest from, wring from; extort; deprive of, bereave;
disinherit, cut off with a shilling. oust &c. (eject) 297; divest;
levy, distrain, confiscate; sequester, sequestrate; accroach[obs3];
usurp; despoil, strip, fleece, shear, displume[obs3], impoverish, eat
out of house and home; drain, drain to the dregs; gut, dry, exhaust,
swallow up; absorb &c. (suck in) 296; draw off; suck the blood of, suck
like a leech. retake, resume; recover &c. 775. Adj. taking &c.v.;
privative[obs3], prehensile; predaceous, predal[obs3], predatory,
predatorial[obs3]; lupine, rapacious, raptorial; ravenous; parasitic.
bereft &c. 776. Adv. at one fell swoop. Phr. give an inch and take an
ell.
#790. Restitution.—N. restitution, return; rendition,
#
reddition[obs3]; restoration; reinvestment, recuperation;
rehabilitation
&c. (reconstruction) 660; reparation, atonement; compensation,
indemnification.
release, replevin[Law], redemption; recovery &c. (getting back)
775;
remitter, reversion.
V. return, restore; give back, carry back, bring back; render,
render
up; give up; let go, unclutch; disgorge, regorge[obs3]; regurgitate;
recoup, reimburse, compensate, indemnify; remit, rehabilitate; repair
&c.
(make good) 660.
[transitive] reinvest, revest, reinstate.
redeem, recover &c. (get back) 775; take back again.
[intransitive] revest, revert.
Adj. restoring &c. v.; recuperative &c. 660.
Phr. suum cuique[Lat].
#791. Stealing.—N. stealing &c. v.; theft, thievery, latrociny|,
#
direption[obs3]; abstraction, appropriation; plagiary, plagiarism;
autoplagiarism[obs3]; latrocinium[obs3].
spoliation, plunder, pillage; sack, sackage[obs3]; rapine,
brigandage,
foray, razzia[obs3], rape, depredation, raid; blackmail.
piracy, privateering, buccaneering; license to plunder, letters of
marque, letters of mark and reprisal.
filibustering, filibusterism[obs3]; burglary; housebreaking;
badger
game*.
robbery, highway robbery, hold-up* [U.S.], mugging.
peculation, embezzlement; fraud &c. 545; larceny, petty larceny,
grand
larceny, shoplifting.
thievishness, rapacity, kleptomania, Alsatia[obs3], den of Cacus,
den
of thieves.
blackmail, extortion, shakedown, Black Hand [U.S.].
[person who commits theft] thief &c. 792.
V. steal, thieve, rob, mug, purloin, pilfer, filch, prig, bag,
nim|,
crib, cabbage, palm; abstract; appropriate, plagiarize.
convey away, carry off, abduct, kidnap, crimp; make off with, walk
off
with, run off with; run away with; spirit away, seize &c. (lay violent
hands on) 789.
plunder, pillage, rifle, sack, loot, ransack, spoil,
spoliate[obs3],
despoil, strip, sweep, gut, forage, levy blackmail, pirate, pickeer|,
maraud, lift cattle, poach; smuggle, run; badger*; bail up, hold up,
stick
up; bunco, bunko, filibuster.
swindle, peculate, embezzle; sponge, mulct, rook, bilk, pluck,
pigeon,
fleece; defraud &c.545; obtain under false pretenses; live by one's
wits.
rob Peter to pay Paul, borrow of Peter to pay Paul; set a thief to
catch a thief.
disregard the distinction between meum and tuum[Lat].
[receive stolen goods] fence, launder, launder money.
Adj. thieving &c. v.; thievish, light-fingered; furacious[obs3],
furtive; piratical; predaceous, predal[obs3], predatory,
predatorial[obs3];
raptorial &c. (rapacious) 789.
stolen &c. v.
Phr. sic vos non vobis[Lat].
#792. Thief.—N. thief, robber, homo triumliterarum[obs3][Lat],
pilferer, rifler, filcher[obs3], plagiarist. spoiler, depredator,
pillager, marauder; harpy, shark*, land shark, falcon,
mosstrooper[obs3], bushranger[obs3], Bedouin|!, brigand, freebooter,
bandit, thug, dacoit[obs3]; pirate, corsair, viking, Paul Jones|!,
buccaneer, buccanier|!; piqueerer|, pickeerer|; rover, ranger,
privateer, filibuster; rapparee[obs3], wrecker, picaroon[obs3];
smuggler, poacher; abductor, badger*, bunko man, cattle thief,
chor[obs3], contrabandist[obs3], crook, hawk, holdup man, hold-up*
[U.S.], jackleg* [obs3][U.S.], kidnaper, rustler, cattle rustler,
sandbagger, sea king, skin*, sneak thief, spieler[obs3], strong-arm man
[U.S.]. highwayman, Dick Turpin, Claude Duval, Macheath, footpad,
sturdy beggar. cut purse, pick purse; pickpocket, light-fingered
gentry; sharper; card sharper, skittle sharper; thimblerigger; rook*,
Greek, blackleg, leg, welsher*; defaulter; Autolycus[obs3], Jeremy
Diddler[obs3], Robert Macaire, artful dodger, trickster; swell mob*,
chevalier d'industrie [Fr]; shoplifter. swindler, peculator; forger,
coiner; fence, receiver of stolen goods, duffer; smasher. burglar,
housebreaker; cracksman[obs3], magsman*[obs3]; Bill Sikes, Jack
Sheppard, Jonathan Wild. gang[group of thieves], gang of thieves, theft
ring; organized crime, mafia, the Sicilian Mafia, the mob, la cosa
nostra [Italian]. Dillinger[famous thieves], Al Capone; Robin Hood.
#793. Booty.—N. booty, spoil, plunder, prize, loot, swag*, pickings;
spolia opima[Lat], prey; blackmail; stolen goods. Adj. manubial|.
3. Interchange of Property
#794. Barter.—N. barter, exchange, scorse|, truck system;
#
interchange &c. 148.
a Roland for an Oliver; quid pro quo; commutation, composition;
Indian
gift [U.S.].
trade, commerce, mercature|, buying and selling, bargain and sale;
traffic, business, nundination|, custom, shopping; commercial
enterprise,
speculation, jobbing, stockjobbing[obs3], agiotage[obs3],
brokery[obs3].
deal, dealing, transaction, negotiation, bargain.
free trade.
V. barter, exchange, swap, swop[obs3], truck, scorse|; interchange
&c.
148; commutate &c.(substitute) 147; compound for.
trade, traffic, buy and sell, give and take, nundinate|; carry on
a
trade, ply a trade, drive a trade; be in business, be in the city; keep
a
shop, deal in, employ one's capital in.
trade with, deal with, have dealings with; transact business with,
do
business with; open an account with, keep an account with.
bargain; drive a bargain, make a bargain; negotiate, bid for;
haggle,
higgle[obs3]; dicker [U.S.]; chaffer, huckster, cheapen, beat down;
stickle, stickle for; out bid, under bid; ask, charge; strike a bargain
&c.
(contract) 769.
speculate, give a sprat to catch a herring; buy in the cheapest
and
sell in the dearest market, buy low and sell high; corner the market;
rig
the market, stag the market.
Adj. commercial, mercantile, trading; interchangeable, marketable,
staple, in the market, for sale.
wholesale, retail.
Adv. across the counter.
Phr. cambio non e furto[It].
#795. Purchase.—N. purchase, emption[obs3]; buying, purchasing,
#
shopping; preemption, refusal.
coemption[obs3], bribery; slave trade.
buyer, purchaser, emptor, vendee; patron, employer, client,
customer,
clientele.
V. buy, purchase, invest in, procure; rent &c. (hire) 788;
repurchase,
buy in.
keep in one's pay, bribe, suborn; pay &c.807; spend &c.809.
make a purchase, complete a purchase; buy over the counter.
shop, market, go shopping.
Adj. purchased &c. v.
Phr. caveat emptor; the customer is always right.
#796. Sale.—N. sale, vent, disposal; auction, roup, Dutch auction;
#
outcry, vendue[obs3]; custom &c. (traffic) 794.
vendibility, vendibleness[obs3].
seller; vender, vendor; merchant &c. 797; auctioneer.
V. sell, vend, dispose of, effect a sale; sell over the counter,
sell
by auction &c. n.; dispense, retail; deal in &c. 794; sell off, sell
out;
turn into money, realize; bring to the hammer, bring under the hammer,
put
up to auction, put up for auction; offer for sale, put up for sale;
hawk,
bring to market; offer &c. 763; undersell.
let; mortgage &c.(security) 771.
Adj. under the hammer, on the market, for sale.
salable, marketable, vendible; unsalable &c., unpurchased[obs3],
unbought; on one's hands.
Phr. chose qui plait est a demi vendue[obs3][Fr].
#797. Merchant.—N. merchant, trader, dealer, monger, chandler,
salesman; changer; regrater[obs3]; shopkeeper, shopman[obs3];
tradesman, tradespeople, tradesfolk. retailer; chapman, hawker,
huckster, higgler[obs3]; pedlar, colporteur, cadger, Autolycus[obs3];
sutler[obs3], vivandiere[obs3]; costerman[obs3], costermonger[obs3];
tallyman; camelot; faker; vintner. money broker, money changer, money
lender; cambist[obs3], usurer, moneyer[obs3], banker. jobber; broker
&c. (agent) 758; buyer &c. 795; seller &c.796; bear, bull. concern;
firm &c. (partnership) 712.
#798. Merchandise.—N. merchandise, ware, commodity, effects, goods,
article, stock, product, produce, staple commodity; stock in trade &c.
(store) 636; cargo &c. (contents) 190.
#799. Mart.—N. mart; market, marketplace; fair, bazaar, staple,
exchange, change, bourse, hall, guildhall; tollbooth, customhouse;
Tattersall's. stall, booth, stand, newsstand; cart, wagon. wharf;
office, chambers, countinghouse, bureau; counter, compter[Fr]. shop,
emporium, establishment; store &c.636; department store, general store,
five and ten, variety store, co-op, finding store [U.S.], grindery
warehouse[obs3]. [food stores: list] grocery, supermarket, candy store,
sweet shop, confectionery, bakery, greengrocer, delicatessen, bakeshop,
butcher shop, fish store, farmers' market, mom and pop store, dairy,
health food store. [specialized stores: list] tobacco shop, tobacco
store, tobacconists, cigar store, hardware store, jewelry shop,
bookstore, liquor store, gun shop, rod and reel shop, furniture store,
drugstore, chemist's [British], florist, flower shop, shoe store,
stationer, stationer's, electronics shop, telephone store, music store,
record shop, fur store, sporting goods store, video store, video rental
store; lumber store, lumber yard, home improvements store, home
improvement center; gas station, auto repair shop, auto dealer, used
car dealer. mall, suburban mall, commons, pedestrian mall; shopping
street. surplus store, army-navy surplus store. [locations where used
articles are sold] auction; flea market; yard sale, garage sale; pawn
shop; antiques store; second-hand store, second time around shop,
thrift shop. warehouse, wareroom[obs3]; depot, interposit[obs3],
entrepot[Fr]. market-overt. real-estate broker. vending machine.
#799a. Stock Market [specialized markets for financial instruments]—
N. stock market, stock exchange, securities exchange; bourse, board;
the big board, the New York Stock Exchange; the market, the open
market; over- the-counter market; privately traded issues. commodities
exchange, futures exchange, futures market. the pit, the floor. ticker,
stock ticker, quotation; stock index, market index, the Dow Jones
Index, the Dow Industrials, the transportation index, utilities, the
utilities index; the New York Stock Exchange index, the Nikkei index
[Japan]; the Financial Times index, the FTI [England], the
over-the-counter index, NASDAQ index. [person or firm trading
securities] broker, stockbroker, jobber, stock dealer, odd-lot dealer;
specialist. [person who buys or sells stocks] investor, speculator,
operator; bull, buyer; bear, short seller; scalper, arbitrager[obs3],
arbitrageur[obs3]; stockholder, share-holder, stockholder of record;
bond holder, coupon-clipper [derogatory]. investment; speculation. V.
speculate, invest, trade, trade stocks, play the market; buy long, sell
short, take a position, straddle; take a plunge, plunge in, take a
flier [coll.].
#799b. Securities.—N. securities, stocks, common stock, preferred
#
stock, bonds, puts, calls, options, option contract, warrants,
commercial
paper, bearer bond, tax-exempt bond, callable bond, convertable
bond[obs3].
share, stock certificate; coupon, bond coupon.
liquid assets.
4. Monetary Relations
#800. Money.—N. money, legal tender; money matters, money market;
finance; accounts &c. 811; funds, treasure; capital, stock; assets
&c.(property) 780; wealth &c. 803; supplies, ways and means,
wherewithal, sinews of war, almighty dollar, needful, cash; mammon.
[colloquial terms for money] dough, cabbage. money-like instruments,
M1, M2. sum, amount; balance, balance sheet; sum total; proceeds
&c.(receipts) 810. currency, circulating medium, specie, coin,
piece[Fr], hard cash, cold cash; dollar, sterling coin; pounds
shillings and pence; Ls.d.; pocket, breeches pocket, purse; money in
hand, cash at hand; ready money, ready cash; slug [U.S.], wad* wad of
bills[U.S.], wad of money, thick wad of bills, roll of dough[coll];
rhino|!, blunt|!, dust|!, mopus|!, tin|!, salt|!, chink|!; argent
comptant[Lat]; bottom dollar, buzzard dollar|!; checks, dibs*[obs3].
[specific types of currency] double eagle, eagle; Federal currency,
fractional currency, postal currency; Federal Reserve Note, United
States Note, silver certificate [obsolete], gold certificate
[obsolete]; long bit, short bit [U.S.]; moss, nickel, pile*, pin money,
quarter [U.S.], red cent, roanoke[obs3], rock*; seawan[obs3],
seawant[obs3]; thousand dollars, grand[coll.]. [types of paper
currency, U.S.] single, one-dollar bill; two-dollar bill; five-dollar
bill, fiver[coll.], fin [coll.], Lincoln; ten-dollar bill, sawbuck;
twenty-dollar bill, Jackson, double sawbuck; fifty-dollar bill;
hundred-dollar bill, C-note. [types of U.S. coins: list] penny, cent,
Lincoln cent, indian head penny, copper[1700 -1900]; two-cent piece
three-cent piece [Fr][obsolete][obsolete], half-dime[obsolete], nickel,
buffalo nickel, V nickel [obsolete], dime, disme|!, mercury
dime[obsolete], quarter, two bits, half dollar, dollar, silver dollar,
Eisenhower dollar, Susan B. Anthony dollar[obs3]. precious metals,
gold, silver, copper, bullion, ingot, nugget. petty cash, pocket money,
change, small change, small coin, doit[obs3], stiver[obs3], rap, mite,
farthing, sou, penny, shilling, tester, groat, guinea; rouleau[obs3];
wampum; good sum, round sum, lump sum; power of money, plum, lac of
rupees. major coin, crown; minor coin. monetarist, monetary theory.
[Science of coins] numismatics, chrysology[obs3]. [coin scholar or
collector] numismatist. paper money, greenback; major denomination,
minor denomination; money order, postal money order, Post Office order;
bank note; bond; bill, bill of exchange; order, warrant, coupon,
debenture, exchequer bill, assignat[obs3]; blueback [obs3][U.S.],
hundi[obs3], shinplaster* [U.S.]. note, note of hand; promissory note,
I O U; draft, check, cheque, back-dated check; negotiable order of
withdrawal, NOW. remittance &c.(payment) 807; credit &c.805; liability
&c.806. drawer, drawee[obs3]; obligor[obs3], obligee[obs3];
moneyer[obs3], coiner. false money, bad money; base coin, flash note,
slip|, kite*; fancy stocks; Bank of Elegance. argumentum ad
crumenam[Lat]. letter of credit. circulation, multiplier effect.
[variation in the value of currency] inflation, double-digit inflation,
hyperinflation, erosion of the currency, debasement of the currency;
deflation; stagflation. [relative value of two currencies] exchange
rate, rate of exchange, floating exchange rates, fixed rates. [place to
exchange currencies] currency counter, currency exchange, bureau de
change [French]. gold-backed currency, gold standard, silver standard.
bank account, savings account, checking account, money market account,
NOW account, time deposit, deposit, demand deposit, super NOW account;
certificate of deposit, CD. [money symbols] $, U.S. $, A$. [authorities
controlling currency, U.S] Federal Reserve Bank, central bank; Federal
Reserve Board, board of governors of the Federal Reserve; Treasury
Department; Secret Service. [place where money is manufactured] mint,
bureau of engraving. [government profit in manufacturing money]
seigniorage. [false money] counterfeit, funny money, bogus money, (see
falsehood) 545. [cost of money] interest, interest rate, discount rate.
V. amount to, come to, mount up to; touch the pocket; draw, draw upon;
indorse &c. (security) 771; issue, utter; discount &c. 813; back;
demonetize, remonetize; fiscalize[obs3], monetize. circulate, be in
circulation; be out of circulation. [manufacture currency]
mint[coins], coin; print[paper currency]. [vary the value of money]
inflate, deflate; debase; devalue, revalue. [vary the amount of money]
circulate, put in circulation; withdraw from circulation. [change the
type of currency] exchange currencies, change money. charge interest;
pay interest; lose interest. Adj. monetary, pecuniary, crumenal|,
fiscal, financial, sumptuary, numismatic, numismatical[obs3]; sterling;
nummary[obs3]. Phr. barbarus ipse placet dummodo sit dives [Lat][Ovid];
"but the jingling of the guinea helps the hurt that honor feels"
[Tennyson]; Gelt regiert die Welt [German: money rules the world],
money makes the world go round; nervos belli pecuniam infinitam
[Lat][Cicero]; redet Geld so schweigt die Welt [German]; "money is the
mother's milk of politics" [Tip O'Neill]; money is the root of all
evil; money isn't everything; "as phony as a three-dollar bill"; "don't
take any wooden nickels".
#801. Treasurer.—N. treasurer; bursar, bursary; purser, purse
bearer; cash keeper, banker; depositary; questor[obs3], receiver,
steward, trustee, accountant, Accountant General, almoner, liquidator,
paymaster, cashier, teller; cambist[obs3]; money changer &c. (merchant)
797. financier. Secretary of the Treasury; Chancellor of the Exchequer,
minister of finance.
#802. Treasury.—N. treasury, bank, exchequer, fisc, hanaper[obs3];
cash register, kutcherry[obs3], bursary; strong box, strong hold,
strong room; coffer; chest &c.(receptacle) 191; safe; bank vault;
depository &c. 636; till, tiller; purse; money bag, money box;
porte-monnaie[Fr]. purse strings; pocket, breeches pocket. sinking
fund; stocks; public stocks, public funds, public securities,
parliamentary stocks, parliamentary funds, parliamentary securities;
Consols, credit mobilier[Fr]; bonds.
#803. Wealth.—N. wealth, riches, fortune, handsome fortune,
opulence, affluence; good circumstances, easy circumstances;
independence; competence &c. (sufficiency) 639; solvency. provision,
livelihood, maintenance; alimony, dowry; means, resources, substance;
property &c. 780; command of money. income &c. 810; capital, money;
round sum &c. (treasure) 800; mint of money, mine of wealth, El
Dorado[Sp], bonanza, Pacatolus, Golconda, Potosi. long purse, full
purse, well lined purse, heavy purse, deep pockets; purse of
Fortunatus[Lat]; embarras de richesses[Fr]. pelf, Mammon, lucre, filthy
lucre; loaves and fishes|!. rich man, moneyed man, warm man; man of
substance; capitalist, millionaire, tippybob*[obs3], Nabob, Croesus,
idas, Plutus, Dives, Timon of Athens[obs3]; Timocracy, Plutocracy;
Danae. V. be rich &c. adj.; roll in wealth, roll in riches, wallow in
wealth, wallow in riches. afford, well afford; command money, command a
sum; make both ends meet, hold one's head above water. become rich &c.
adj.; strike it rich; come into a sum of money, receive a windfall,
receive an inheritance, hit the jackpot, win the lottery; fill one's
pocket &c. (treasury) 802; feather one's nest, make a fortune; make
money &c. (acquire) 775. [transitive] enrich, imburse[obs3]. worship
the golden calf, worship Mammon. Adj. wealthy, rich, affluent, opulent,
moneyed, monied, worth much; well to do, well off; warm; comfortable,
well, well provided for. made of money; rich as Croesus, filthy rich,
rich as a Jew|!; rolling in riches, rolling in wealth. flush, flush of
cash, flush of money, flush of tin*; in funds, in cash, in full
feather; solvent, pecunious[obs3], out of debt, in the black, all
straight. Phr. one's ship coming in. amour fait beaucoup mais argent
fait tout [French: love does much but money does everything]; aurea
rumpunt tecta quietem [Lat][Seneca]; magna servitus ist magna
fortuna[Latin]; "mammon, the least erected spirit that fell from
Heaven" [Paradise Lost]; opum furiata cupido [Lat][Ovid]; vera
prosperita e non aver necessita [It]; wie gewonnen so zerronnen
[German].
#804. Poverty.—N. poverty, indigence, penury, pauperism,
destitution, want; need, neediness; lack, necessity, privation,
distress, difficulties, wolf at the door. bad circumstances, poor
circumstances, need circumstances, embarrassed circumstances, reduced
circumstances, straightened circumstances; slender means, narrow means;
straits; hand to mouth existence, res angusta domi[obs3][Lat], low
water, impecuniosity. beggary; mendicancy, mendicity[obs3]; broken
fortune, loss of fortune; insolvency &c. (nonpayment) 808. empty
pocket, empty purse; light purse; beggarly account of empty boxes.
[poor people] poor man, pauper, mendicant, mumper[obs3], beggar,
starveling; pauvre diable[Fr]; fakir|!, schnorrer|!; homeless person.
V. be poor &c. adj.; want, lack, starve, live from hand to mouth, have
seen better days, go down in the world, come upon the parish; go to the
dogs, go to wrack and ruin; not have a penny &c. (money) 800, not have
a shot in one's locker; beg one's bread; tirer le diable par la
queue[Fr]; run into debt &c. (debt) 806. render poor &c. adj.;
impoverish; reduce, reduce to poverty; pauperize, fleece, ruin, bring
to the parish. Adj. poor, indigent; poverty-stricken; badly off, poorly
off, ill off; poor as a rat, poor as a church mouse, poor as a Job;
fortuneless[obs3], dowerless[obs3], moneyless[obs3], penniless;
unportioned[obs3], unmoneyed[obs3]; impecunious; out of money, out of
cash, short of money, short of cash; without a rap, not worth a rap
&c.(money) 800; qui n'a pas le sou[Fr], out of pocket, hard up; out at
elbows, out at heels; seedy, bare-footed; beggarly, beggared;
destitute; fleeced, stripped; bereft, bereaved; reduced; homeless. in
want &c. n.; needy, necessitous, distressed, pinched, straitened; put
to one's shifts, put to one's last shifts; unable to keep the wolf from
the door, unable to make both ends meet; embarrassed, under hatches;
involved &c. (in debt) 806; insolvent &c. (not paying) 808. Adv. in
forma pauperis[Lat]. Phr. zonam perdidit[Lat]; "a penniless lass wi' a
lang pedigree" [Lady Nairne]; a pobreza no hay verguenza[Sp]; "he that
is down can fall no lower" [Butler]; poca roba poco pensiero[It];
"steeped . . . in poverty to the very lips" [Othello]; "the short and
simple annals of the poor" [Gray].
#805. Credit.—N. credit, trust, tick, score, tally, account.
#
letter of credit, circular note; duplicate; mortgage, lien,
debenture,
paper credit, floating capital; draft, lettre de creance[Fr][obs3],
securities.
creditor, lender, lessor, mortgagee; dun; usurer.
credit account, line of credit, open line of credit.
credit card.
V. keep an account with, run up an account with; intrust, credit,
accredit.
place to one's credit, credit to one's account, place to one's
account|!; give credit, take credit; fly a kite|!.
Adj. crediting, credited; accredited.
Adv. on credit &c. n.; on account; to the account of, to the
credit
of; a compte[Fr].
#806. Debt.—N. debt, obligation, liability, indebtment[obs3], debit,
#
score.
bill; check; account (credit) 805.
arrears, deferred payment, deficit, default, insolvency &c.
(nonpayment) 808; bad debt.
interest; premium; usance[obs3], usury; floating debt, floating
capital.
debtor, debitor[obs3]; mortgagor; defaulter &c. 808; borrower.
V. be in debt &c. adj.; owe; incur a debt, contract a debt &c. n.;
run
up a bill, run up a score, run up an account; go on tick; borrow &c.
788;
run into debt, get into debt, outrun the constable; run up debts, run
up
bills (spend) 809..
answer for, go bail for.
[notify a person of his indebtedness: ISA:written_communication]
bill,
charge.
Adj. indebted; liable, chargeable, answerable for.
in debt, in embarrassed circumstances, in difficulties;
incumbered,
involved; involved in debt, plunged in debt, deep in debt, over one's
head
in debt, over head and ears in debt; deeply involved; fast tied up;
insolvent &c. (not paying) 808; minus, out of pocket.
unpaid; unrequited, unrewarded; owing, due, in arrear[obs3],
outstanding; past due.
Phr. aes alienum debitorem leve gravius inimicum facit
[obs3][Latin];
"neither a borrower nor a lender be" [Hamlet].