Deification of rulers, 35 _f._, 127 _ff._, 131 _ff._, 139 _ff._;
real motive of, 145 _f._;
in Egypt, 164 _ff._;
legalized absolutism, 165;
in Asia, 205, 208;
attitude of Antigonus Gonatas toward, 225 _f._
Delos, prices at, fixed in Alexandria, 170.
Demetrius II, protects Epirus, 234;
war of, with leagues, 240 _f._;
death of, 241.
Demetrius Poliorcetes, deification of, 145;
expectations of, 183 _f._;
career of, 219 _f._;
monarchy of, 220 _f._;
king of Macedon, 221 _f._
Demetrius the Fair, king of Cyrene, 229;
murder of, 231.
Democracy, in Athens, connection of, with empire, 41 _f._;
principles of, 45 _ff._;
safeguards of, 50;
rôle of experts in, 58;
not self-indulgent, 68 _ff._;
and mediocrity, 73 _f._;
failure of, at Athens attributed to Sophists, 77 _f._;
hated by Plato, 102.
Demosthenes, on Philip of Macedon, 118.
Divine right of kings, 3.
Ecclesia, constitution of, at Athens, 49;
powers of, 50 _f._;
freedom of discussion in, 53 _f._;
assembly of experts, 57;
functions of, 57;
_agon_ of statesmen, 58.
Education, the vice of the Socratic school, 98.
Egypt, seized by Alexander, 126;
decay of, 180 _f._;
empire of, 234.
Egyptians, view of Alexander as to, 135;
ruled over by Ptolemies, 168;
owned by the Ptolemies, 169;
hatred of, for Ptolemies, 170;
use of, in military service, 170 _f._;
admitted to Ptolemaic army, 180 _f._;
to civil service, 181.
Emperor, defined, 3 _f._
Empire, defined, 1 _ff._;
of Rome, 4;
legally impossible, 25;
how secured, 38;
of Athens, criticism of, 70 _ff._;
of Ptolemies, reasons for, 160 _ff._
Ephorate, compared with Roman tribunate, 83 _f._
Epirus, under Macedon, 235;
deserts Macedon, 240.
Equality of states, 33, 237 _f._, 241.
Erythræ, Sibyl of, 128.
_Ethne_, predecessors of city-states, 6;
in Egypt, 176 _f._;
rise of, in Hellas, 228;
replaced by _koina_, 236.
Euhemerus, 142 _f._
Eumenes, of Pergamum, revolts, 159.
Euripides, criticized by Plato, 104.
Europeans, contrast of, with Orientals, 131 _ff._
Federation, defined, 3.
Feudal lords in Persian empire, 199.
Fiefs, in Seleucid empire, 200 _f._, 203 _f._
Fleet, of Athens, 69 _f._
Foreign policy, influence of, 238 _f._
Freedom, origin of, in cities, 7 _ff._
Gaza, battle of, 184.
Generals, special position of, in Athens, 58.
Gordian knot, 125 _f._
Government, science of, born, 97.
Gracchus, Tiberius, 15.
Greece, golden age of, 41.
Greeks, mania of, for classifying things, 80 _f._;
absorbed by Egyptians, 181.
Gymnasia, in Egypt, 177 _f._
Hannibal, interest for, in Greece, 246 _ff._
Hegemony, nature of, 25;
of Sparta, 25;
becomes an absurdity, 25 _f._
Heliæa, constitution of, 49;
powers of, 50 _f._
Hellas, unification of, 34.
Hellenism, in Egypt, 176 _f._, 181;
in China, 193;
in Asia, 133 _ff._, 205 _ff._
Hellenization, of Asia by Seleucids, 195 _ff._;
of Judæa, 212 _f._
Helots, 19;
annual declaration of war upon, 86 _f._;
confined within Perioec ring-wall, 87 _f._
_Hieroduli_, 197 _ff._
History, character of, 108 _f._
Huns, 192.
Imperialism, defined, 4;
evaded by federal leagues, 32 _f._;
justified, 36.
Indemnities, in Athens, 64.
Industry, in Athens, 12.
Ipsus, battle of, 185.
Iranians, opinion of Alexander as to, 136.
Irreligion, basis of deification of Alexander, 142, 144 _f._
Isocrates, 26.
Isopolity, defined, 31 _f._
Jews, kinsmen of the Spartans, 79;
of the gymnosophists, 80;
encouraged in revolt by Rome, 191.
Judæus, Spartan oecist of Judæa, 79.
Julius Cæsar, 4;
and Cleopatra, 152 _f._;
as Ammon, 162.
Kingship, Aristotle's theory of, 120 _f._
Lacedæmon, population of, 85.
Laodice, wife of Antiochus II, 186 _ff._;
murders Berenice, 231;
war of, with Egypt, 231.
Larisa, 20.
Leader of the people, at Athens, 60 _f._
League, _Achæan_, 32;
defects of, 33 _f._, 228;
expansion of, 230;
territory of, 234;
alliance of, with Ætolians, 235;
development of, 235 _ff._;
institutions of, 237 _ff._;
laws of, 240;
war of, with Demetrius II, 240 _f._
... _Ætolian_, 32;
defects of, 33 _f._, 228;
treaty of, with Antigonus Gonatas, 232;
expansion of, 233;
territory of, 234;
alliance of, with Achæans, 235;
development of, 235 _ff._;
founds city-states, 236;
institutions of, 237 _ff._;
dismembered by Macedon, 240;
deserts Achæans, 241;
ally of Sparta, 241;
attacks Macedon, 245 _f._, 248.
... _Boeotian_, 27 _ff._
... _Hellenic_, under Sparta, 20 _ff._, 89 _f._;
under Philip II, 28 _ff._, 244;
under Antigonus Doson, 34, 242 _ff._;
dissolved by Alexander, 129 _f._;
under Antigonus I, 221.
... _of Islanders_, 159, 227, 229, 230 _f._, 232.
... _Peloponnesian_, 20, 89, 95.
Leagues, as federal units, 243;
extent of powers of, 244.
Leisure, lack of, in Athens, 61.
Literature, in Athens, 59 _f._;
the corruptor of the Athenians, 103 _f._
Lot, election by, in Athens, 52, 53, 55;
theory of, 55.
Lysimachus, king of Macedon, 220.
Maccabæus, correspondence of, with Sparta, 79 _f._
Macedon, relation of, to Hellas, 215;
army of, 217;
national state in, 217;
Roman province, 218;
troubles of, 224.
Macedonians, heirs of Alexander, 149;
establish a regency, 149;
refuse to carry out Alexander's plans, 150;
characteristics of, 215 _f._;
sacrifices of, for empire, 216 _f._;
aversion to imperialism, 222.
Magas, of Cyrene, death of, 231.
Magnesia, battle of, 190.
Machiavelli, compared with Aristotle, 110 _ff._
Messenians, revolts of, 87.
Meyer, Eduard, on _proskynesis_, 131 _ff._
Mnesimachus, fief of, 201.
Monarchy, influence of, 239.
Municipality, and city, 17 _f._
Napoleon, on generalship, 122;
on Alexander, 123.
Nation, and city, 17 _ff._
Naucratis, 163, 168.
Nectanebus, reputed father of Alexander, 162.
Nicæa, dupe of Gonatas, 232.
Olympias, wife of Philip, marriage of, 116;
religion of, 118 _f._;
queen of Epirus, 233 _f._
Oration, Funeral, significance of, 45 _f._
Orientals, contrast of, with Europeans, 131 _ff._
Ostracism, function of, in Athens, 60 _f._
Palestine, becomes Seleucid, 188;
Hellenization of, 196, 212 _f._
Pan, patron of Gonatas, 232.
Panchæa, 143.
Parthians, rebellion of, 188, 192;
power of, 192.
Patriotism, in city-states, 18 _f._
Pella, 118, 221.
Pergamum, incites dynastic war in Syria, 191.
Pericles, 41;
law of, regarding citizenship, 14;
Funeral Oration of, 44 _ff._;
and art, 48;
and drama, 48;
and Plato, 48 _f._;
aim of, in introducing indemnities, 64 _f._;
ideal of,
64 _f._;
defends misuse of tribute, 71 _f._;
judgment on, by Thucydides, 75 _f._
Perioecs, 19;
ring of, around Spartan land, 88.
Persepolis, 129.
Persia, supports hegemony in Greece, 25;
feudal lords in empire of, 199.
Persians, conciliated by Alexander, 130, 131;
Hellenization of, 133;
foster local religions, 197 _ff._
Pharaoh, sole god on earth, 163.
Phila, wife of Antigonus Gonatas, 223.
Philip II, and Thebes, 28 _f._;
hegemon of Hellas, 28 _ff._;
relations of, with Olympias, 116;
murder of, 116;
achievements of, 116 _ff._;
court of, 118.
Philip V, war of, with Ætolians, 245 _f._
Phoenicia, source of timber for Egypt, 172.
Phthia, queen of Macedon, 234.
Plato, 26;
a student of his present alone, 99;
without sense of historic truth, 99 _f._, 107;
misreads the future, 100;
historic conceptions of, 100 _f._;
and governmental control, 101 _f._;
disgust of, for democracy, 102;
abandons theory of individual liberty, 102;
dislike of, for Athenian empire, 103;
dislike of, for Athenian culture, 103 _f._;
assailant of materialism, 105;
advocate of aristocracy, 106 _f._
Plutarch, 15.
Poetry, place of, in Greek education, 119 _f._
Politics, in Athens, 56 _f._;
instruction of Alexander in, 120.
Polybius, in Egypt, 181.
Polytheism, elasticity of, 140 _f._
Pompey, conquers Syria, 191.
Popillius, Gaius, 213.
Priests, governments of, in Asia Minor, 197 _f._
_Proskynesis_, of individuals established, 131;
meaning of, 131 _ff._;
of cities, 147 _f._;
under the _diadochi_, 164 _f._, 208, 221.
Prussia, divine right of kings in, 3, 37.
Ptolemais, 163 _f._
Ptolemies, dynasty of, 151 _f._;
empire of, restored, 153 _f._;
imperial policy of, 155;
saved by Rome, 160;
deification of, in Greek cities, 164;
army of, 167 _f._, 173 _ff._;
owners of land and people of Egypt, 169;
farmers, manufacturers, merchants, 169 _f._;
temple policy of, 172 _f._;
land policy of, 172 _ff._;
gifts of, to friends, 173;
abandon land policy, 180;
later monarchs, 181 _f._;
lose Palestine, 188;
incite dynastic war in Syria, 191.
Ptolemy, son of Lagos, goes to Egypt, 150 _f._;
founds a dynasty, 151;
founds an empire, 155 _f._;
son of Ammon, 162 _ff._;
king of the Macedonians, 166 _f._;
religious policy of, 178 _f._
... _Ceraunus_, 220.
... _Philadelphus_, 155;
eulogy of, by Theocritus, 156, 171 _f._;
character of, 157 _f._;
diplomat, 158;
occupies Ionia, 159;
forces of, 167;
revolt in Ionia against, 228;
war of, with Antiochus II, 229,
with Rhodians, 229,
with Macedon and Syria, 230 _ff._
... _Euergetes_, victorious in Asia, 159;
beaten on sea, 159;
neglects fleet, 179;
war of, in Asia, 231 _f._;
generalissimo of Achæan league, 232 _f._;
weakness of, 242.
... _Philopator_, military policy of, 180.
... _Euergetes II_, "the god," 166, 181.
... _The Piper_, 152.
Pydna, battle of, 213, 217.
Pyrrhus, king of Macedon, 220;
invades Macedon, 223 _f._
Quartering of troops, in Egypt,
Races, fusion of, in Seleucid empire, 206.
Reaction, age of, 95 _ff._;
of Plato, unreality of, 106 _f._
Reformation, age of, in Greece, 83.
Reformers, political, 26.
Religion, and deification of rulers, 141 _f._;
in Egypt, 178 _f._
Representation according to population, 27, 33 _f._, 237, 243.
Rhodians, war of, with Ptolemy II, 229.
Romans, heirs of Greeks, 5;
empire of, 35;
save Ptolemies, 160;
war of, with Illyrians, 241;
with Macedonians, 248.
Rome, Senate of, disarms Seleucids, 190 _f._,
encourages revolt of Jews, 191,
sets up usurpers in Syria, 191;
emperors of, use Seleucid land policy, 204;
Italian federation of, compared with Seleucid empire, 210 _f._;
intimidates Seleucids, 213 _f._;
imperial problems of, 214.
Rotation of office, in Athens, 55 _f._
Roxane, married by Alexander, 130, 136.
Samians, get Athenian citizenship, 31.
Sarapis, 178.
Sea-power, benefits of, 66 _ff._;
gained by Alexander, 126 _f._;
of Egypt, 156, 158;
struggle for, between Egypt and Macedon, 159;
abandoned by Egypt, 160;
first gained by Egypt, 227;
restored, 230;
lost, 233.
Seleucids, hemmed in by Egypt, 159;
division in dynasty of, 187;
get access to sea, 188;
lose prestige in Asia, 189 _f._;
disarmed by Rome, 190 _f._;
dynastic war among, 191;
half Iranian, 195;
expansion of, 196 _ff._;
crown lands of, 199;
land policy of, 202 _f._;
administrative service of, 203;
local government of, 203, 205;
empire of, a conglomerate
of states, 205 _ff._;
relation of, to city-states, 208;
difficulties of, 211;
intimidated by Rome, 213 _f._
Seleucus, son of Antiochus, 184;
at Ipsus, 185;
reaches Mediterranean, 185;
at Corupedion, 185;
faithful to Iranian wife, 195;
relation to Alexander, 195.
... _Callinicus_, 186.
Sellasia, battle of, 242.
Semites, view of Alexander as to, 135 _f._
Sicilian expedition, 76.
Sicyon, added to Achæan league, 230.
Siwah, oasis of, visited by Alexander, 126 _ff._, 139 _ff._
Slavery, rôle of, in Athens, 61 _f._
Social War, 246.
Socrates, 97.
Sparta, size of, 19;
Peloponnesian league of, 20;
Hellenic league of, 20 _f._;
supports aristocracy, 20;
pretexts of, for tyranny, 25;
refuses to enter Achæan league, 32 _f._;
funeral custom of, 43;
home of poets and musicians, 81 _f._;
golden age of art at, 82;
absence of tyrants in, 84;
military life of, 84 _f._;
puritan movement in, 85;
army of, 86;
danger of, from Helots, 87;
growth of, 87 _ff._;
change of foreign policy by, 88 _f._;
in conflict with democratic movement, 89 _f._;
domestic situation in, when hegemon, 90 _ff._;
imperial problems of, 93 _ff._;
donation to, from Ætolians, 241.
Spartans, kinsmen of the Jews, 79 _f._
_Stasis_, 22 _ff._
Stoa, philosophy of, in Macedon, 225 _f._
Superiority, essential in empire, 2.
Susa, great marriage of, 136 _ff._
_Symmachia_, basis of Spartan empire, 20 _f._;
of Athenian empire, 24 _f._
Sympolity, defined, 32 _f._
Syncretism, religious, in Egypt, 178 _f._
Synod, Boeotian, 27 _ff._;
Hellenic, of Philip II, 28 _ff._;
of Antigonus Doson, 242 _ff._;
Achæan, 237.
Taxes, in Athens, 68.
Temples, in Egypt, 172 _f._;
subordinated to city-states by Seleucids, 200;
despoiled by Seleucids, 200 _f._
Thebes, hegemony of, 26;
position of, in Boeotia, 27;
destruction of, 123 _f._
Themistocles, policy of, 39 _f._
Theocritus, on Philadelphus, 156, 171 _f._
Theopompus, on Philip II, 118.
Thermopylæ, battle of, 189 _f._
Thucydides, on stasis, 22 _ff._;
on empire, 23 _f._;
Funeral Oration of, 44 _ff._;
on the Athenian empire, 75 _f._;
political sense of, 77.
Tigranes the Great, conquers Syria, 192.
Tribute, how used by Athenians, 71.
Troy, visited by Alexander, 124 _f._
Truth, in Plato, 98.
Tyche, worship of, by the irreligious, 144.
Tyranny, outlawed, 239 _f._
Tyrants, absent in Sparta, 84;
in Greece, 224 _f._
Universality, logical issue of imperialism, 4 _f._
Worship of the dead, so-called, 14 _ff._
Xerxes, army of, 40.
Yue Tchi, immigration of, 192;
occupy Sogdiana, Bactria, and India, 193.
Zeno, tutor of Antigonus Gonatas, 222.