lines, indent the runovers 1½ ems; center the title when it makes
but one or two lines. On the face of the bill where a title makes
more than one line, set the first line to full measure, centering
the runover if there be two lines in the title; if more than two
lines, indent the runovers 2 ems.
12. Titles for HOUSE BILLS are taken from the INDORSEMENT of copy;
for SENATE BILLS from the FACE of copy.
13. Preambles are set full measure, the first line of each
“whereas” being flush and the runovers indented 2 ems. Where an
agreement or treaty is part of a preamble, follow literally,
indenting the paragraphs 4 ems and runovers 2 ems, full measure.
14. Titles and preambles following the head of a bill are always
half-slugged.
15. Set “Calendar No.--,” on both face and indorsement of bills
which have reached the Senate Calendar, in each case at the upper
right-hand corner.
16. Set “Report No.” on both face and indorsement of reported bills
in both Houses, centering under the number of the bill.
[It is impracticable to give illustrations of the minutiæ of
headings and indorsements of bills in all their stages. Samples and
information can always be had upon inquiry at the foreman’s desk.
Compositors and others must familiarize themselves with the forms
called for by the clerks’ notes on copy.]
Amendments.
17. “Line type” and italic are used only to show amendments. When
it is proposed to strike out certain portions in a bill that is
“reported with amendments,” such portions will be set in “line
type.” Example:
in accordance with ++existing++ _proposed_ plan, ++twenty++
_twenty-five_ thousand dollars.
18. When new matter is inserted, it is set in italics.
19. When it is proposed to strike out and insert, always let the
italics FOLLOW the line type.
20. Do not complicate amendments. When one amendment can be made to
cover the sense, as in the complete changing of a sum of money, so
set it, rather than divide into two or more short amendments.
21. Proposed Senate amendments are printed in bill form, all roman.
The general style of the head may be either that of bills or of
“miscellaneous documents.” These headings are generally in proper
form as they come from the bill clerk.
22. When it is proposed in the Senate to make several short
amendments, the caption should read as follows:
AMENDMENTS
Intended to be proposed by Mr. HOAR to the bill (H. R. 4864) to
reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and
for other purposes, viz:
1 In line 24, page 19, strike out the words “per centum ad valorem”
and insert the words
2 “cents per pound;” in line 16, page 25, strike out the word “shall;”
and in line 12, page 34, after
3 the word “and,” insert the word “any.”
23. When a proposed amendment in the Senate is expressed by one or
more full paragraphs, the caption should read:
AMENDMENT
Intended to be proposed by Mr. GORMAN to the bill (H. R. 2476)
entitled “An Act to establish a fish-hatching station at Port
Tobacco, Maryland,” viz: After the word “Maryland,” in line 14,
section 2, insert the following:
1 To enable the United States Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries to
carry out the provisions
2 of this act there is hereby appropriated the sum of seventy-five
thousand dollars.
Reported Bills.
24. Observe the difference in _form_ of action taken on Senate and
House bills reported with amendments:
_House._--
DECEMBER 12, 1894.
Reported with amendments, committed to the Committee of the Whole
House, and ordered to be printed.
Omit the parts struck through and insert the parts printed in
_italics_.
_Senate._--
DECEMBER 13, 1894.
Reported by Mr. HARRIS with an amendment, viz: Omit the part struck
through and insert the part printed in _italics_.
[The wording varies with the necessities of the case, but the style
remains the same.]
General Instructions.
25. Spell out everything, except “Mr.,” “Mrs.,” and classification
of vessels, as “A 1.” On indorsements follow document style.
26. Make the contractions “&c.” and “etc.” read “and so forth,” and
in the title and body of a bill make “viz” read “namely.”
27. When, in the use of figures, the comma is used in ordinary work
to show notation, in bills thousands and hundreds are spelled; as,
for 1,750, make it “one thousand seven hundred and fifty.”
28. In serial numbers, or where the comma is not used in general
work, spell by hundreds all numbers less than 10000; as, for
2742, make it “twenty-seven hundred and forty-two;” but in serial
numbers where even multiples of one thousand occur, use the word
“thousand,” as “section two thousand and four,” “paragraph seven
thousand and sixty-nine” (not “twenty hundred and four” or “seventy
hundred and sixty-nine”).
29. Years and dates are expressed thus: June thirtieth, eighteen
hundred and ninety-three.
30. When the expression usually indicated by “No.” occurs, use the
word “numbered.” Observe, in this connection, the capitalization
for kindred expressions: House Executive Document Numbered Eighteen.
31. References to the Revised Statutes, Statutes at Large, court
reports, etc., are expressed thus: Revised Statutes, page two
hundred and forty-two; Twelfth Statutes, page eleven hundred and
sixteen; Tenth Court of Claims Reports, page ten.
32. Capitalize the word “act” wherever it occurs as a synonym for
“bill” or “law.”
33. The indorsement on a printed bill must always fall on an even
page. In House bills 4 lines of text may be worked in with the
indorsement, and in Senate bills 7 lines.
Special Instructions for Enrolled Bills.
34. Set in quarto measure, paragraphs indented 2 ems.
35. Lead with 3-to-pica leads. When center heads occur use a full
pica slug above and below.
36. Set entirely in roman type, except the enacting clause and
“Provided,” which go in _italic._
37. Avoid divisions of words and space evenly. Two-letter divisions
must not be made.
38. In enrolled bills of the _Senate_ place the bill number (using
the form “S. 146”) in pica antique, at the upper _left-hand_
corner. In enrolled bills of the _House_ the number goes at the
upper _right-hand_ corner, using the form “H. R. No. 4864.”
39. In enrolled bills of the Senate use a parallel dash above and
below title; in those of the House use the parallel dash above
only, with two full slugs below.
JOURNAL WORK.
GENERAL DIRECTIONS.
Spell out States after county in both Journals.
The Journals are set in brevier, solid, Record measure, and as a
rule Record style prevails.
Compositors will observe the style of the following paragraphs:
HOUSE.
MONDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1894.
A message from the Senate, by Mr. Cox, its Secretary, announced
that the Senate had passed a bill entitled:
S. 2905. An act for the relief of John M. Smith.
It also announced that the Senate had passed bills of the following
titles, in which the concurrence of the House was requested:
S. 2000. An act for the relief of James Robinson; and
S. 2001. An act granting a pension to Sam Jones.
It further announced that the Senate had passed, without amendment,
the bill (H. R. 10241) to amend “An act making appropriations for
the construction, repair, and preservation of certain public works
on rivers and harbors, and for other purposes,” approved July 4,
1894.
The committees were called for reports;
When,
Bills were reported, the reports thereon ordered to be printed, and
referred to the Calendars as follows:
By Mr. Black, of Illinois, from the Committee on Military Affairs,
the bill entitled (S. 527) an act to construct a road to the
national cemetery at Dover, Tenn.--to the Committee of the Whole
House on the state of the Union.
The amendments recommended by the Committee of the Whole were then
agreed to, and as amended the bill was ordered to be engrossed, was
read a third time, and passed.
The Speaker laid before the House the bill entitled:
S. 1262. An act for the relief of Paul McCormick;
Which was referred to the Committee on Claims.
The Speaker pro tempore laid before the House the bill--with
amendments of the Senate thereto--entitled:
H. R. 3458. An act extending the time for final proof on land
claims under the public land laws.
On motion of Mr. Sweet the amendments were concurred in.
Mr. Pearson, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported that
the committee had examined and found truly enrolled bills of the
following titles; which were thereupon signed by the Speaker, to
wit:
H. R. 868. An act for the relief of John Smith;
S. 1896. An act for the relief of Mrs. Lucinda Brown; and
H. R. 3858. An act to pension John Jones.
By Mr. Maguire: A resolution for the appointment of a special
committee to investigate Pacific railroads--to the Committee on
Rules.
By Mr. Holman:
Whereas it appears by an act passed June 4, 1894, the sum of
$10,000 was appropriated to enable the Secretary of War, etc.; and
Whereas it is alleged that trouble exists, etc.;
_Resolved_, That the Committee on Military Affairs be authorized to
settle the difficulty-- to the Committee on Military Affairs.
The Committee on Indian Affairs was called;
When,
On motion of Mr. Lynch, on behalf of said committee, the House
resolved itself into Committee of the Whole House on the state of
the Union for the consideration of the bill (H. R. 6557) providing
for opening the Uintah Indian Reservation in Utah; and after some
time spent therein, the Speaker resumed the chair, and Mr. Dockery
reported that the committee having had under consideration the said
bill (H. R. 6557) had come to no resolution thereon;
When the morning hour expired.
The question being on agreeing to the second resolution, to wit:
_Resolved_, That John J. O’Neill was not legally elected and is not
entitled to a seat in this House;
And being put,
Will the House agree thereto?
{ Yeas............................ 23
It was decided in the negative, { Nays............................ 160
{ Not voting...................... 168
After further debate,
The Speaker appointed Messrs. Bailey and Ray tellers.
The question being put,
Shall the bill be engrossed and read a third time?
The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the members present,
[One line only.]
{ Yeas............................................ 123
{ Nays............................................ 55
There appeared, { Answering “present”............................. 1
{ Not answering................................... 172
{ Reported by tellers as present and not answering.. 4
The Speaker laid before the House the following joint resolution of
the Senate:
S. R. 91. A joint resolution providing for printing a digest of the
laws relating to compensation of officials in United States courts;
Which was referred to the Committee on Printing.
Mr. Allen suggested that the House should take a recess, under Rule
XXVI.
And then, in pursuance of Rule XXVI, the House took a recess until
8 p. m.
A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. Pruden,
one of his secretaries, announced that the President had approved
and signed bills and a joint resolution of the following titles:
On June 29, 1894:
H. R. 4701. An act to incorporate the Supreme Lodge of the Knights
of Pythias; and
H. R. 274. An act to authorize the city of Hyattsville, Md., to
construct a wagon bridge.
On July 6, 1894:
H. Res. 196. Joint resolution to provide temporarily for the
expenditures of the Government.
The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two
Houses to the bill (H. R. 6518) making appropriations for rivers
and harbors do recommend to their respective Houses as follows:
That the House recede from its disagreement to the amendment of
the Senate numbered 27, and agree to the same with an amendment as
follows: Strike out all the matter preceding and insert on page 77,
after line 7, the following as a new item:
_Baltimore Harbor, Maryland: To widen the ship channel to one
thousand feet, one thousand nine hundred and sixty-nine dollars and
fifty-one cents._
And the Senate agree to the same.
That the House recede from its disagreement to the amendment of
the Senate numbered 20, and agree to the same with an amendment
as follows: Strike out “eight hundred dollars” and insert in lieu
thereof the following: _three hundred and fifty dollars;_ and the
Senate agree to the same.
Amend section 2 to read as follows:
SEC. 2. _For an exhibit by the Government of the United States at
the Cotton States International Exposition to be held at Atlanta,
Georgia, in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-five, one hundred
thousand dollars._
And the House agree to the same.
Leave of absence was granted to Mr. Cobb of Alabama and Mr. Black
of Illinois, indefinitely; to Mr. Pigott, for two days; to Mr.
Bartlett, until Saturday next; and to Mr. Lacey, for four days.
And then,
On motion of Mr. Cummings, at 5 o’clock and 20 minutes p. m., the
House adjourned.
SENATE.
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE.
A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Towles, its
chief clerk.
_Mr. President:_ The House of Representatives has disagreed to
the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 6913) making
appropriations for the current expenses of the Indian Department.
It asks a conference with the Senate thereon, and has appointed Mr.
Holman, Mr. Allen, and Mr. Wilson of Washington managers at the
same on its part.
ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED.
Mr. Caffery reported from the committee that they had examined and
found duly enrolled the following bill:
H. R. 2350. An act making appropriations for the Military Academy;
Whereupon,
The President pro tempore signed the same, and it was delivered to
the committee to be presented to the President of the United States.
The Senate proceeded, by unanimous consent, to consider the said
bill as in Committee of the Whole; and no amendment being made, it
was reported to the Senate.
_Ordered,_ That it pass to a third reading.
The said bill was read the third time.
_Resolved_, That it pass, and that the title thereof be as
aforesaid.
The Senate proceeded to consider, as in Committee of the Whole, the
bill (S. 1296) for the relief of Andrew Gray; and
On motion by Mr. White,
_Ordered_, That it be postponed indefinitely.
Mr. Allison called for a division of the question; and
On the question to recede from the amendment No. 87, viz: Insert as
an additional paragraph the following:
_109. Iron ore, forty cents per ton,_
{ Yeas........................... 2
It was determined in the negative, { Nays........................... 5
On motion by Mr. Hill,
The yeas and nays being desired by one-fifth of the Senators
present,
[One line only.]
Those who voted in the affirmative are,
Messrs. Allen, Hill, Irby.
Those who voted in the negative are,
Messrs. Jones of Arkansas, Jones of Nevada, Mitchell of Wisconsin.
[NOTE.--Observe that commas are left out after names when there are
a number of them, like the above.]
The question being on the motion of Mr. Hill that the Senate recede
from its amendment No. 87,
Pending debate,
Mr. Jones, of Arkansas, raised a question as to the presence of a
quorum;
[NOTE.--Observe that comma is used when but a single name occurs.]
Whereupon,
The Presiding Officer (Mr. Mitchell, of Oregon, in the chair)
directed the roll to be called;
When,
Fifty-nine Senators answered to their names.
A quorum being present,
EXECUTIVE SESSION.
On motion of Mr. Jones, of Arkansas,
The Senate proceeded to the consideration of executive business; and
After the consideration of executive business the doors were
reopened;
When,
On motion of Mr. Gorman, at 3 o’clock and 40 minutes p. m.,
The Senate adjourned.
Suggestions for Compositors, Readers, and Revisers.
HELP EACH OTHER.
Workmen in every department should follow instructions in spirit
as well as in letter. Unthinking performance--the listless doing
of just what has been told and no more--is not satisfactory. It is
believed the good workman will take interest in his duties. He is
expected at suitable times to help others in their work. The excuse
that it is “none of my business,” or that “it was the reader’s
business,” or that “it was the foreman’s business” to give a word
of warning or a helping hand to prevent delay, error, or other
trouble is a poor one. It is the business of every man to do what
he can to prevent error in any department, and as faulty work is
usually done through inattention or unfamiliarity with the style,
suggestions should be courteously offered and received.
TYPESETTING.
For the successful maintenance of a high standard of workmanship
and for the correctness of the work done in the office, not a
little depends upon the care, judgment, skill, and intelligence of
the compositors. Indifferent, careless men are not in demand in an
office where important publications are constantly being prepared
for press, and where the slightest neglect on the part of those
handling the work may cause serious delay and confusion in some
other division of the office. Recollect that one badly justified
line may stop a press; a careless correction spoil the whole
edition of a book.
_Study the rules._--Compositors are expected to carefully study the
rules governing composition. A failure to do this will show plainly
in the proof. It must be remembered, however, that all work done in
the office is not in accordance with the regular or office style.
Special instructions will invariably accompany copy of this kind,
and a compositor should ascertain when taking out copy whether it
is to be set according to office style; if it is not, he should
read instructions carefully and confer fully with the foreman or
man at the desk about doubtful questions. The kind of type for the
text (other than long primer) and the use of leads are indicated in
the preparation of the copy, as are indention, type for headlines,
“cast” of tables, and other minor details. The compositor should
not go wrong on these matters, nor should his type contain many
errors, if he will apply himself, think, make certain of his
instructions, and use care.
_Divisions._--Frequent divisions of words are undesirable, but do
not avoid them entirely at the expense of uniform spacing.
Do not divide compound words except at the compounding hyphen in
any but extreme cases.
Divisions at the ends of three adjacent lines will not be passed by
readers except in extreme cases or in narrow measure.
Divisions on syllables of two letters should be made but rarely.
_Spacing and justifying._--The spacing of matter must be governed
by the leading.
Solid matter should be spaced with 3-to-em spaces, and when about
to divide a word prefer to take in.
Leaded matter should also be spaced with 3-to-em spaces, but when
about to divide a word prefer to drive over.
In double-leaded matter en quads should be used and divisions
driven over.
Avoid, if possible, the very thin or very wide spacing of the first
line of a paragraph.
All lines of composition must be justified so tightly that they
will stand unsupported in the stick.
Observe in spacing the various formations of letters. There should
be less space between final “y” and initial “w,” for instance,
than between final “d” and initial “h;” less between final “o” and
initial “c” than between final “f” and initial “b.” When a little
extra spacing is necessary, never place it between a comma and
the first letter of succeeding word. The spacing between capital
letters in headings should also be governed by letter formation.
Do not do all the spacing at either the right or left of the line,
but distribute it in conformity with the foregoing suggestions. The
appearance of a page as a whole depends very much upon the care
shown in spacing.
Compositors should take every precaution to prevent the soiling of
proof sheets, as it is necessary for the reviser to see clearly
every mark on the margin of a proof after it has been corrected.
Do not try to cover up or hide an accident. After a proof is read
the first time, if a word or line is pied, or if a “dropout”
occurs, or any accident happens to the type, it is the duty of the
workman to call attention to it in writing on the latest proof
sheet, whether it be a galley revise, page revise, stone revise,
press revise, or foundry revise. If a proof sheet be not available
or immediately at hand, put the types involved FEET UPPERMOST when
returning them to the galley, page, or form. This direction is
intended for all who handle type--laborers, compositors, makers-up,
imposers, and electrotypers--and will be insisted upon. Accidents
will happen, and correctness can be assured only by faithfully
following the instruction here given.
READING.
Readers are expected to be alert, clear-headed, diligent, and
thoughtful.
Proofs that are overinked, pale, smeared, or that have margins too
narrow for proper marking, or for any reason are not good proofs,
must be refused.
When a proof is taken out, the reader should inform himself fully
as to the character of the work, whether there are any special
instructions or peculiarities concerning it, whether proof will
be sent out or the work go directly to press, and get such other
information as he may think will assist him; and before beginning
to read he should make sure that copy agrees with proof and that
the entire proof is legible. It is well to do preparatory work and
take a general survey of a proof before beginning to read it.
The style in which correction marks are made on a proof is an
element of considerable importance. Straggling, unsymmetrical
characters, disconnected marks placed in the margins above or
below the lines to which they relate, irregular lines leading from
an incorrect letter or word to a correction, large marks, marks
made with a blunt pencil, indistinct marks, a frequent use of the
eraser to obliterate marks hastily or incorrectly made, are all
faults to be avoided. Corrections so made are not respected by the
compositor, and he is frequently annoyed and delayed in deciphering
what they mean and to what they refer. In reading proof of wide
tables the reader should take advantage of white space as near as
possible to the error and place the correction therein, thus aiding
all who have occasion to handle the proof afterwards.
The time to be spent in reading a proof should be governed, in
a great measure, by its importance. While in certain classes of
ordinary work the reader is not expected to detect more than the
plainer errors and make his proof correct to copy, in work of value
he should read critically and try to discover more serious blunders
than spelling, capitalization, punctuation, etc. But speed should
never be greater than is consistent with practical correctness.
A single reading of figures, either in columns or lines, should be
sufficient. The failure of first reader and copyholder to detect
wrong figures is a serious fault; confidence in them is immediately
strained, the second readers become suspicious of all proofs read
by them and feel compelled to reread entire proof by copy, and many
far-reaching annoyances are liable to follow. When a reader does
not feel positive that figures are correct to copy, or if his sight
becomes confused by a multiplicity of figures or from other cause,
he should request that the proof be reread by copy by someone else.
Physical weakness is not a fault; carelessness and indifference are
always culpable.
The substance of the preceding paragraph applies also to “fol.
lit.” matter, especially bills, laws, and court work.
When an entire “take” or proof seems to have been set uniformly, a
reader should never make important changes in indentions of tables
or make like corrections which will cause a great deal of work
without consulting the foreman, the copy preparer, or the man at
the proof table.