three tablespoons of tomatoes and an onion cut up. Cover with water in
an iron pot and a close-fitting cover, put in oven and bake from three
to four hours.
POT ROAST. BRAISED BEEF
Heat some fat or goose fat in a deep iron pot, cut half an onion very
fine and when it is slightly browned put in the meat. Cover up closely
and let the meat brown on all sides. Salt to taste, add a scant half
teaspoon of paprika, half a cup of hot water and simmer an hour longer,
keeping covered closely all the time. Add one-half a sweet green pepper
(seeds removed), one small carrot cut in slices, two tablespoons of
tomatoes and two onions sliced.
Two and a half pounds of brisket shoulder or any other meat suitable for
pot roasting will require three hours slow cooking. Shoulder of lamb may
also be cooked in this style.
When the meat is tender, remove to a warm platter, strain the gravy,
rubbing the thick part through the sieve and after removing any fat
serve in a sauce boat.
If any meat is left over it can be sliced and warmed over in the gravy,
but the gravy must be warmed first and the meat cook for a short time
only as it is already done enough and too much cooking will render it
tasteless.
BRISKET OF BEEF (BRUSTDECKEL)
If the brisket has been used for soup, take it out of the soup when it
is tender and prepare it with a horseradish sauce, garlic sauce or onion
sauce. (See "Sauces for Meats".)
BRISKET OF BEEF WITH SAUERKRAUT
Take about three pounds of fat, young beef (you may make soup stock of
it first), then take out the bones, salt it well and lay it in the
bottom of a kettle, put a quart of sauerkraut on top of it and let it
boil slowly until tender. Add vinegar if necessary, thicken with a
grated raw potato and add a little brown sugar. Some like a few caraway
seeds added.
SAUERBRATEN
Take a piece of cross-rib or middle cut of chuck about three pounds, and
put it in a deep earthen jar and pour enough boiling vinegar over it to
cover; you may take one-third water. Add to the vinegar when boiling
four bay leaves, some whole peppercorns, cloves and whole mace. Pour
this over the meat and turn it daily. In summer three days is the
longest time allowed for the meat to remain in this pickle; but in
winter eight days is not too long. When ready to boil, heat one
tablespoon drippings in a stew-pan. Cut up one or two onions in it; stew
until tender and then put in the beef, salting it on both sides before
stewing. Stew closely covered and if not acid enough add some of the
brine in which it was pickled. Stew about three hours and thicken the
gravy with flour.
ROLLED BEEF--POT-ROASTED
Take one pound and one-half of tenderloin, sprinkle it with parsley and
onion; season with pepper and salt; roll and tie it. Place it in a pan
with soup stock (or water if you have no stock), carrot and bay leaf
and pot roast for one and one-half hours. Serve with tomato or brown
sauce.
MOCK DUCK
Take the tenderloin, lay it flat on a board after removing the fat. Make
a stuffing as for poultry. See "To Stuff Poultry". Spread this mixture
on the meat evenly; then roll and tie it with white twine; turn in the
ends to make it even and shapely.
Cut into dice an onion, turnip, and carrot, and place them in a
baking-pan; lay the rolled meat on the bed of vegetables; pour in enough
stock or water to cover the pan one inch deep; add a bouquet made of
parsley, one bay leaf and three cloves; cover with another pan, and let
cook slowly for four hours, basting frequently. It can be done in a pot
just as well, and should be covered as tight as possible; when cooked,
strain off the vegetables; thicken the gravy with one tablespoon of
flour browned in fat and serve it with the meat. Long, slow cooking is
required to make the meat tender. If cooked too fast it will not be
good.
MARROWBONES
Have the bones cut into pieces two or three inches long; scrape and wash
them very clean; spread a little thick dough on each end to keep the
marrow in; then tie each bone in a piece of cloth and boil them for one
hour. Remove the cloth and paste, and place each bone on a square of
toast; sprinkle with red pepper and serve very hot. Or the marrow-bone
can be boiled without being cut, the marrow then removed with a spoon
and placed on squares of hot toast. Serve for luncheon.
ROAST BEEF, No. 1
Take prime rib roast. Cut up a small onion, a celery root and part of a
carrot into rather small pieces and add to these two or three sprigs of
parsley and one bay leaf. Sprinkle these over the bottom of the
dripping-pan and place your roast on this bed. The oven should be very
hot when the roast is first put in, but when the roast is browned
sufficiently to retain its juices, moderate the heat and roast more
slowly until the meat is done. Do not season until the roast is browned,
and then add salt and pepper. Enough juice and fat will drop from the
roast to give the necessary broth for basting. Baste frequently and turn
occasionally, being very careful, however, not to stick a fork into the
roast.
ROAST BEEF, No. 2
Season meat with salt and paprika. Dredge with flour. Place on rack in
dripping-pan with two or three tablespoons fat, in hot oven, to brown
quickly. Reduce heat and baste every ten minutes with the fat that has
fried out. When meat is about half done, turn it over, dredge with
flour, finish browning. If necessary, add a small quantity of water.
Allow fifteen to twenty minutes for each pound of meat.
Three pounds is the smallest roast practicable.
ROAST BEEF (RUSSIAN STYLE)
Place a piece of cross-rib or shoulder weighing three pounds in
roasting-pan, slice some onions over it, season with salt and pepper,
add some water and let it cook well. Then peel a few potatoes and put
them under the meat. When the meat becomes brown, turn it and cook until
it browns on the other side.
WIENER BRATEN--VIENNA ROAST
Take a shoulder, have the bone taken out and then pound the meat well
with a mallet. Lay it in vinegar for twenty-four hours. Heat some fat or
goose oil in a deep pan or kettle which has a cover that fits air tight
and lay the meat in the hot fat and sprinkle the upper side with salt,
pepper and ginger. Put an onion in with the meat; stick about half a
dozen cloves in the onion and add one bay leaf. Now turn the meat over
and sprinkle the other side with salt, pepper and ginger. Cut up one or
two tomatoes and pour some soup stock over all, and a dash of white
wine. Cover closely and stew very slowly for three or four hours,
turning the meat now and then; in doing so do not pierce with the fork,
as this will allow the juice to escape. Do not add any water. Make
enough potato pancakes to serve one or two to each person with "Wiener
Braten."
TO BROIL STEAK BY GAS
Wipe steak with a damp cloth. Trim off the surplus fat. When the oven
has been heated for from five to seven minutes, lay steak on a rack,
greased, as near the flame as possible, the position of the rack
depending on the thickness of the steak. Let the steak sear on each
side, thereby retaining the juice. Then lower the rack somewhat, and
allow the steak to broil to the degree required. Just before taking from
the oven, salt and pepper and spread with melted chicken fat.
You can get just as good results in preparing chops and fish in the
broiling oven.
BROILED BEEFSTEAK
Heat the gridiron, put in the steak, turn the gridiron over the hot
coals at intervals of two minutes and then repeatedly at intervals of
one minute. Sprinkle with salt and pepper, and serve on a hot platter.
Chops are done in the same way, but the gridiron is turned twice at
intervals of two minutes and six times at intervals of one minute.
FRIED STEAK WITH ONIONS
Season the steak with salt and pepper, and dredge with flour. If tough,
chop on both sides with a sharp knife. Lay in a pan of hot fat, when
brown on one side, turn and brown on the other. While the steak is
frying, heat some fat in another fryer and drop in four of five white
onions that have been cut up. Fry crisp but not black. Remove the steak
to a hot platter, stir one tablespoon of flour in the fryer until
smooth, add one-half cup of boiling water. Lay the crisp onions over the
steak, then over all pour the brown gravy.
FRIED BEEFSTEAK
Take third cut of chuck or the tenderloin. Have the spider very hot, use
just enough fat to grease the spider. Lay in the steak, turning very
often to keep in the juice, season with salt and pepper. Serve on a hot
platter.
BRUNSWICK STEW
Cook one pound of brisket of beef and three pounds of young chicken with
one pint of soup stock or water, one pint of Lima beans, four ears of
cut corn (cut from cob), three potatoes diced, two tomatoes quartered;
one small onion, one teaspoon of paprika and one teaspoon of salt. Let
all these simmer until tender, and before serving remove the meat and
any visible chicken bones.
This stew may be made of breast of veal omitting the chicken and
brisket.
BREAST FLANK (SHORT RIBS) AND YELLOW TURNIPS
Get the small ribs and put on with plenty of water, an onion, pepper and
salt. After boiling about one and one-half hours add a large yellow
turnip cut in small pieces; one-half hour before serving add six
potatoes cut in small pieces. Water must be added as necessary. A little
sugar will improve flavor, and as it simmers the turnip will soften and
give the whole dish the appearance of a stew.
MEAT OLIVES
Have a flank steak cut in three inch squares. Spread each piece with the
following dressing: one cup of bread crumbs, two tablespoons of minced
parsley; one chopped onion, a dash of red pepper and one teaspoon of
salt. Moisten with one-fourth cup of melted fat. Roll up and tie in
shape. Cover with water and simmer until meat is tender. Take the olives
from the sauce and brown in the oven. Thicken the sauce with one-fourth
cup of flour moistened with water to form a thin paste.
SHORT RIB OF BEEF, SPANISH
Get the small ribs of beef and put on with water enough to cover,
seasoning with salt, pepper, an onion and a tiny clove of garlic. Let it
cook about two hours, then add a can of tomatoes and season highly
either with red peppers or paprika. Cook at least three hours.
BRAISED OXTAILS
Two oxtails, jointed and washed; six onions sliced and browned in pot
with oxtails. When nicely browned add water enough to cover and stew
slowly one hour; then add two carrots, if small; one green pepper, sprig
of parsley, one-half cup of tomatoes and six small potatoes, and cook
until tender. Thicken with browned flour. Cook separately eight lengths
of macaroni; place cooked macaroni on dish and pour ragout over it and
serve hot.
To brown flour take one-half cup of flour, put in pan over moderate heat
and stir until nicely browned.
HUNGARIAN GOULASH
Have two pounds of beef cut into one inch squares. Dredge in flour and
fry until brown. Cover with water and simmer for two hours; the last
half-hour add one tablespoon of salt and one-eighth of a teaspoon of
pepper. Make a sauce by cooking one cup of tomatoes and one stalk of
celery cut in small pieces, a bay leaf and two whole cloves, for
twenty-five minutes; rub through a sieve, add to stock in which meat was
cooked. Thicken with four tablespoons of flour moistened with two
tablespoons of water. Serve meat with cooked diced potatoes, carrots,
and green and red peppers cut in strips.
RUSSIAN GOULASH
To one pound beef, free from fat and cut up as pan stew, add one chopped
green pepper, one large onion, two blades of garlic (cut fine), pepper
and salt, with just enough water to cover. Let this simmer until meat is
very tender. Add a little water as needed. Put in medium sized can of
tomatoes an hour or so before using and have ready two cups of cooked
spaghetti or macaroni and put this into the meat until thoroughly
heated. This must not be too wet; let water cook away just before adding
the tomatoes.
BEEF LOAF
To two pounds of chopped beef take three egg yolks, three tablespoons of
parsley, three tablespoons of melted chicken-fat, four heaping
tablespoons of soft bread crumbs, one-half teaspoon of kitchen bouquet,
two teaspoons of lemon juice, grated peel of one lemon, one teaspoon of
salt, one-half teaspoon of onion-juice and one teaspoon of pepper. Mix
and bake twenty-five minutes in a quick oven with one-fourth cup of
melted chicken-fat, and one-half cup of boiling water. Baste often.
HAMBURGER STEAK
Take one pound of raw beef, cut off fat and stringy pieces, chop
extremely fine, season with salt and pepper, grate in part of an onion
or fry with onions. Make into round cakes a little less than one-half
inch thick. Heat pan blue hot, grease lightly; add cakes, count sixty,
then turn them and cook on the other side until brown. When well browned
they are done if liked rare. Cook ten minutes if liked well done.
BITKI (RUSSIAN HAMBURGER STEAK)
Take two cups of clear beef chopped, and two cups of bread crumbs that
have been soaked in a little water, leaving them quite moist, mix
thoroughly with the beef, season with pepper and salt and shape into
individual cakes. Fry as directed for Hamburger Steak.
CHOPPED MEAT WITH RAISINS (ROUMANIAN)
Take a pound of chopped meat, add grated onion, an egg, matzoth flour,
white pepper, mix and form into small balls, put in pot with one-half
cup of water, fat, sugar, a quarter cup of large black raisins, a few
slices of lemon and let stew one-half hour, then thicken gravy with
tablespoon of flour browned in a tablespoon of fat and serve.
CARNATZLICH (ROUMANIAN)
One pound of tenderloin, chopped, add an egg, a little paprika, black
pepper, salt and four cloves of garlic (which have been scraped, and
let stand in a little salt for ten minutes, and then mashed so it looks
like dough). Form this meat mixture into short sausage-like rolls; boil
one-half hour and serve at once.
Serve this dish with Slaitta. (See Vegetables.)
BAKED HASH
Mix together one cup of chopped meat, one cup of cold mashed potatoes,
one-half an onion, minced, one well-beaten egg and one-half cup of soup
stock. Season rather highly with salt, if unsalted meat is used, paprika
and celery salt, turn into greased baking dish and bake for twenty
minutes in a well-heated oven. The same mixture may be fried, but will
not taste as good.
SOUP MEAT
The meat must be cooked until very tender then lift it out of the soup
and lay upon a platter and season while hot. Heat a tablespoon of fat or
drippings of roast beef in a spider, cut up a few slices of onion in it,
also half a clove of garlic, add a tablespoon of flour, stirring all the
time; then add soup stock or rich gravy, and the soup meat, which has
been seasoned with salt, pepper and ginger. You must sprinkle the spices
on both sides of the meat, and add one-half teaspoon of caraway seed to
the sauce, and if too thick add more soup stock and a little boiling
water. Cover closely and let it simmer about fifteen minutes.
LEFT-OVER MEAT
There are many ways to utilize left-over meat.
Indeed, not one particle of meat should ever be wasted.
Cold roasts of beef, lamb, mutton or any cold joint roasted or boiled
may be made into soups, stews, minces or used for sandwiches, or just
served cold with vegetables or salads.
SPAGHETTI AND MEAT
Break spaghetti in small pieces and boil until tender. Put left-over
meat through chopper and mix with the spaghetti, salt, pepper, and a
little onion juice. Grease a baking dish and put in the meat and
spaghetti, sprinkle on top with bread crumbs and bake in a moderate
oven.
MEAT PIE
Cut any left-over beef, lamb or veal in small pieces, removing all
excess of fat; parboil one green pepper (seeds removed) cut in strips,
two cups of potatoes and one-half cup of carrots cut in dice, and one
onion chopped fine. Add to the meat. Thicken with one-fourth cup of
flour moistened in cold water. Put in a baking dish. The crust is made
as follows: One cup of flour, one heaping teaspoon of drippings, pinch
of salt, one-fourth teaspoon of baking powder, one teaspoon of sugar and
cold water to mix, about one-third cup. Roll out to fit baking dish, cut
holes for steam to escape, after covering the contents of the dish. Bake
in a quick hot oven one-half hour.
PICKLED MEAT--HOME-MADE CORNED BEEF
Take four quarts of water, adding enough salt to float an egg, boil this
salted water, when cool take four or five pounds brisket of beef,
seasoned with whole and ground peppers, one large clove of garlic,
pierced in different parts of the beef, one tablespoon of sugar, one bay
leaf and one teaspoon of saltpetre. Put meat into deep stone pot, pour
the boiled water over it and store in a cool place for ten days or two
weeks.
BOILED CORNED BEEF
Put corned beef into cold water; using enough to cover it well; let it
come slowly to the boiling-point; then place where it will simmer only;
allow thirty minutes or more to each pound. It is improved by adding a
few soup vegetables the last hour of cooking.
If the piece can be used a second time, trim it to good shape; place it
again in the water in which it was boiled; let it get heated through;
then set aside to cool in the water, and under pressure, a plate or deep
dish holding a flat-iron being set on top of the meat. The water need
not rise above the meat sufficiently to wet the iron. When cooled under
pressure the meat is more firm and cuts better into slices.
Cabbage is usually served with hot corned beef, but should not be boiled
with it.
ENCHILADAS
Make a dough of cornmeal and wheat flour and water. Roll it out in thin,
round cakes; cook quickly in a pan that has not been greased, then roll
in a cloth to keep soft and warm. Grind one cup of sausage, add one-half
grated onion, one tablespoon of Worcestershire sauce, and fill the warm
cakes with this mixture. Roll them when filled, and pour over them a
sauce made of two tablespoons of drippings into which two tablespoons of
flour have been smoothed. Add one cup of soup stock, one cup of strained
tomatoes, two tablespoons of vinegar, one tablespoon of Spanish pepper
sauce.
VIENNA SAUSAGE
Wash and put on in boiling water. Boil ten minutes, fill a deep dish
with hot water, put sausages in, cover, and serve in hot water. To be
eaten with grated horseradish or French mustard.
SMOKED BEEF
Soak overnight in cold water; next morning place it in cold water, and
simmer till quite tender, reckoning one-half hour to the pound.
ROAST VEAL
The shoulder and breast of veal are best for roasting. Always buy veal
that is fat and white. Prepare for the oven in the following manner:
Wash and then dry; rub it well with salt, a very little ground ginger,
and dredge it well with flour. Lay in roasting-pan and put slices of
onion on top with a few tablespoons of goose-fat or drippings. Cover
tightly and roast, allowing twenty minutes to the pound and baste
frequently. Veal must be well done. When cold it slices up as nicely as
turkey.
BREAST OF VEAL--ROASTED
Roast as directed above. Have the butcher cut a pocket to receive the
stuffing. Prepare bread stuffing and sew up the pocket. Sprinkle a
little caraway seed on top of the roast. A tablespoon of lemon juice
adds to the flavor. Baste often.
STEWED VEAL
Prepare as above, but do not have the meat cut in small pieces. If
desired one-half teaspoon of caraway seed may be used instead of the
parsley. Mashed potatoes and green peas or stewed tomatoes are usually
served with veal.
Any of the flour or potato dumplings are excellent served with stewed or
fricasseed veal.
FRICASSEED VEAL WITH CAULIFLOWER
Use the breast or shoulder for this purpose, the former being
preferable, and cut it up into pieces, not too small. Sprinkle each
piece slightly with fine salt and ginger. Heat a tablespoon of goose-oil
or poultry drippings in a stew-pan, and lay the veal in it. Cut up an
onion and one or two tomatoes (a tablespoon of canned tomatoes will do),
and add to this a little water, and stew two hours, closely covered.
When done mix a teaspoon of flour and a little water and add to the
veal. Chop up a few sprigs of parsley, add it and boil up once and
serve. Place the cauliflower around the platter in which you serve the
veal. Boil the cauliflower in salt and water, closely covered.
STUFFED SHOULDER OF VEAL
Have the blade removed, and fill the space with a stuffing made of bread
crumbs, thyme, lemon juice, salt, pepper to taste and one egg, also
chopped mushrooms if desired. Sew up the opening, press and tie it into
good shape and roast. The stuffing may be made of minced meat, cut from
the veal, and highly seasoned.
VEAL LOAF
Take two pounds of chopped veal, four tablespoons of bread crumbs, two
beaten eggs, season with salt, pepper, ginger, nutmeg and a little
water. Add a tablespoon of chicken-fat; grease the pan, mix ingredients
thoroughly, form into a loaf, spread or lay piece of chicken-fat on top.
Bake in oblong tin until done, basting frequently.
SHOULDER OR NECK OF VEAL--HUNGARIAN STYLE
Brown four onions light brown in a tablespoon of fat, add one teaspoon
mixed paprika, and the meat cut in pieces; leave the pan uncovered for a
few moments, cover; add one sweet green pepper, cut up, and let cook;
add a little water whenever the gravy boils down; when the meat is
tender serve with dumplings.
CALF'S HEARTS
Remove veins and arteries from the hearts. Stuff with a highly seasoned
bread dressing and sew. Dredge in flour, brown in hot fat, cover with
hot water, and place on the back of the stove or in a hot oven. Cook
slowly for two or three hours. Thicken the liquor with flour and serve
with the hearts.
IRISH STEW
Cut one and one-half pounds of lamb into small pieces. Dredge each piece
of meat in flour. Brown in the frying-pan. Put in kettle, cover with
water and cook slowly one hour or until tender. Add one quart of
potatoes cut in small dice, one-half a cup of carrots and three onions,
after cooking thirty minutes. Season with salt, pepper, and thicken with
two tablespoons of flour moistened in enough cold water to form a smooth
paste. Serve with dumplings. (See Dumplings, in "Garnishes and Dumplings
for Soups".)
LAMB AND MACARONI
Dilute one can of concentrated tomato sauce with one quart of water;
mince two medium-sized onions very fine and fry slowly in olive oil or
drippings until they are a golden brown, and add to tomatoes. Fry one
and one-half pounds of lean neck of lamb in a little drippings until the
meat is nicely browned all over and add to the tomatoes, season with one
clove of garlic, two bay leaves, two teaspoons of sugar, pepper and
salt, and let it simmer for about one and one-half hours, or until the
meat is tender and the sauce has become the consistency of thick cream.
Have ready some boiled macaroni, put in with the meat and stir well.
Serve hot.
Short ribs of beef may be cooked in the same manner.
LAMB STEW--TOCANE
Brown slices of leek or young onions in one tablespoon of drippings, add
neck or breast of lamb, cut in small pieces; season with white pepper,
salt and parsley; cook until tender, just before serving season with
dill.
CURRIED MUTTON
Have three pounds of mutton cut in one inch squares. Wipe, put in kettle
and cover with cold water. Cook for five minutes, drain and again cover
with boiling water. Add one cup of chopped onion, one teaspoon of
peppercorns, and one-half of a red pepper, cut in small strips. Place on
back of stove and allow it to simmer until tender. Strain liquor and
thicken with flour. Add two tablespoons of drippings, one tablespoon of
minced parsley, one teaspoon of curry powder, and one-half teaspoon of
salt. Serve with molded rice.
GEWETSH (SERVIAN)
Brown one large onion in a tablespoon of fat, add one teaspoon of
paprika and two pounds of neck or shoulder of lamb, cook one hour; have
ready one pound of rice that has been boiled for twenty minutes. Take a
twelve inch pudding dish, grease, place a layer of sliced tomatoes on
bottom of pan, then half the rice, half the meat, two sliced green
peppers, sprinkle a little salt and pour part of gravy over this; place
another layer of tomatoes, rice, meat, with two sliced peppers and
tomatoes on top, salt, and pour remainder of gravy, put lumps of fat
here and there; bake in hot oven three-quarters of an hour. Use plenty
of gravy and fat for this dish or else it will be too dry. Six large
tomatoes are required.
ROAST MUTTON WITH POTATOES