Herbs, see Medicine; 186n
Historians, see Authors
Hiwassee R., xviii, xx
Hogs, 17, 139, 436;
see Domestic Animals
Holston R., 392
Holy Vessels, 84, 106 _et seq._;
see Religious Rites
Honesty of Indians, 5
Horse-flesh, as food, 140, 142
Horses, 242, 340n, 436, 457 _et seq._
Hospitality, 18 _et seq._, 64;
see Charity
Hot-houses, 443 _et seq._, 450
Houses, religious, 84 _et seq._, 104, 118 _et seq._;
dwelling, 435, 443 _et seq._;
building of, 448 _et seq._;
furnishings of, 452;
council houses, 453
Human Sacrifices, 125
Hunting, 251, 304, 330, 387
Hutchins, Capt. Thomas, 402n
Idols, worship of refuted, 20 _et seq._, 119
Illinois Country, 173n, 399
—— Indians, 2n
—— R., 484n
Imitation of wild life, see Mimicking
Implements, see Tools
Incense, 183
Indians, see name of tribe, i.e., Cherokees
Indian Customs and Characteristics, see Color, Dress, Appearance,
Features, Vanity, Secrecy, Dances, Food, Medicine, Houses,
Marriages, Funerals, Wars, Agriculture, Industry, Weaving, Hunting,
Fishing, Religious Rites, Traditions, Doctors, Medicines, Mounds,
Games, Government, Penalties and Punishments, etc.
Indians, origin of, xxix, 3, 13;
their movement from West, 203 _et seq._;
comparison with Mexicans and South Americans, 205 _et seq._;
arguments on descent from Jews, see Table of Contents
Industry, see Agriculture; 304, 390d;
fishing, 432 _et seq._;
axes, making of, 434;
use of mortars, 447;
building, 448 _et seq._;
weaving, 453 _et seq._;
pipe making, 455 _et seq._;
basket making, 456 _et seq._;
pottery, 456;
saddle making, 457
Infants, see Children
Insects, 137, 489
Iron, see Minerals
Jackson, Andrew, quoted, 384n
Jefferson, Thomas, 276n
Jewels, from serpent, 92, 179;
see Dress
Jews, ancestors of Indians, xxix;
arguments on descent of Indians from, see Table of Contents
Johnson, Nathaniel, quoted, 402n
——, Sir William, xviii _et seq._; xxi _et seq._; xxxiiin, 55n, 207n,
399
Johnstone, George, 307n, 311 _et seq._; 357n, 395
Kanootare, town, ix
Kaskaskia Indians, 399n
Kickapoo Indians, 171n
Kilgore, Jennie, xix
Kingsborough, Lord Viscount, xxix
Koasati Indians, 285n
Koosah R., 275, 374
——, town, 303
Kanuga, the, 126n
Lands, Indian, cultivation of, see Agriculture;
description of, 233, 238, 274, 304, 329, 377 _et seq._; 384, 440, 491
Languages, comparison with Hebrew, 41 _et seq._
Laurens, Henry, 34n, 288n
Laws, Indians, 460 et seq;
English criticism of, 465 _et seq._
Lawyers, conception of, 467
Legislators, criticism of, 466
Lightning, 91
Lions, 33
Liquor, see Drink
Little Carpenter, see Attakullakulla
Little Tennessee R., ix, 85n
Livingston, Gov. Wm., xxvii
Load-stones, see Minerals
Long, Alexander, 238n
London, England, xxi _et seq._
Loudoun, Fort, xv, 85n, 166, 257n, 259n, 269n, 290
Love, or renewal of friendship feast, 119 _et seq._
Lower Tennessee, xviii, xx
Lyman, Phineas, 484n
Lyttleton, Gov. Wm. Henry, xv, 258n, 263
McCully, Richard, 394n
McGillivray, Alexander, 289n
——, Lachlan, Indian trader, xin, xxxiii;
sketch of, 288n, 299, 393
McIntosh, Alexander, Indian trader, xviii
McMullian, William, Indian trader, 294n
McNaire, Charles, Indian trader, xi _et seq._, 346n
Maize, see Corn
Manufacturing, see Industry
Marital virtue, 85, 90, 93, 113 _et seq._, 145 _et seq._
Marriage customs and ceremonies, see Divorce; 28, 129 _et seq._, 133,
145 _et seq._;
before war, 171 _et seq._;
after death of husband, 196 _et seq._;
widow marrying brother of husband, 198 _et seq._;
divorce, 480
Martin, Elizabeth, xix
——, Gen. Joseph, xix
Massac Trace, xx
Mayes, Joel Bryan, Cherokee chief, xix
Meat, see Food;
used in sacrifice, 121 _et seq._;
purification of, 123
Medicine, 93, 131, 181 _et seq._;
herbs used as, 186n, 246, 364, 388, 470
Melons, see Agriculture, 438
Memphis, 203n, 381n, see Chickasaw Bluffs#
Menstrual lodges, 129 _et seq._
Mills, see Mortars
Mimicking wild life, 330 _et seq._, 413
Minerals, 248 _et seq._
Minggo Pushkush, brother of Red Shoes, 354 _et seq._
Missionaries, 390 _et seq._, 444
Mississippi R., x _et seq._, 166, 203 _et seq._, 238, 270, 329, 385 _et
seq._; 393, 484n, 493 _et seq._
—— Country and Valley, x _et seq._, xx, 119n, 141n, 379n, 386n, 484n,
494 _et seq._
Mobile, town, xvii, 237, 275, 303, 308, 331, 363, 385, 395, 488
—— R., 303, 363, 493
Moles, 139
Money, 178;
see Trade
Montgomery, Col. Archibald, xv, 267n, 272
Monuments to dead, 193 _et seq._
Moon, eclipse of, 68n
Moore, Fort, xv
——, Sir Henry, xxiii _et seq._
Mordecai, Abram, 50n
Murder, 154 _et seq._, 423n, 470
Music, see Songs
Musical instruments, 116
Muskogee Indians and country, 25 _et seq._, 54n, 57, 81;
their country, numbers, etc., 274 _et seq._;
ability as warriors, 276;
alliance with French, 277 _et seq._;
raids, 279-302
Myths, see Traditions
Nachee, town, 343
Names, how selected, 199 _et seq._
Nani Waya, town, 355
Natchez Indians, 83n, 183n, 203, 204, 379
—— Trail, xx
New Orleans, 255, 307, 329, 380, 385, 392, 445n
New York, xxiv _et seq._
Ninety-Six, town, xv, 133, 176n, 259, 270, 371
North Carolina, ix, 243n, 260, 386, 445n, 493
—— Mississippi, 484n;
see Mississippi Valley
Numbering, 79 _et seq._
Nuts, 386 _et seq._, 439, 447
Ogilvie, Rev. John, xxiii, 55n, 207n
Ohio Country, 2n, 170n, 484n _et seq._
Oil, use in Religious ceremonies, 128;
in dress, see Dress;
in cooking, see Food
Okmulge, town, 39
Okmulgee Indians, 39n
Old age, respect for, 85
Old Hop, Cherokee chief, 85
Opossum, 17
Orators and orations, Indian, 12, 35, 66;
use of gestures, 83;
before war, 168;
in argument, 460
Origin of Indians, see Indians, Origin
Ornaments, see Dress
Overhill Cherokees, 2n, 171n, 269n, 270;
see Cherokees
Ostenaco, Cherokee chief, 171n
Owls, 137
Panthers, 33, 139;
see Wild Animals
Patriotism, 406 _et seq._
Paya Mattaha, Chickasaw chief, 357n
Peace, making of, 63, 176 _et seq._;
love of, see War Causes
Penalties and Punishments, for failure of priest to make rain, 89 _et
seq._;
for sexual intercourse during purification feasts, 115, 125;
failing to bathe, 126;
failure to observe marriage vows, 145 _et seq._;
murder, 154 _et seq._;
for petty crimes, 470
Penn, William, 225n:
Pensacola, Fla., 282, 311, 385, 488
Philadelphia, xxv _et seq._
Physicians, see Doctors
Pigeons, 28, 445;
see Birds
Pinckney, Wm., Indian Commissioner, xiii
Piomingo, Chickasaw chief, 173n
Pipes, use in ceremonies, see Peace, Religious Rites;
making of, 455 _et seq._
Poetry, Indian, 64
Pollutions, see Religious Rites
Pompions, see Agriculture; 438
Potatoes, see Agriculture; 439
Pottery, 456
Precious stones, see Minerals
Presents, see Trade and Traders, Peace, etc.
Priber, Christian, Indian trader, ix, xx;
sketch of, 252n
Priests, 83 _et seq._;
dress of, 87 _et seq._;
support of, 94 _et seq._;
purification, 109 _et seq._;
war ceremonies, 167 _et seq._;
see Dress, Rain, Peace, War, Sick, Religious Rites, etc.
Prince George, Fort, xvi, 260, 265
Prophets, see Priests
Punishments, see Penalties
Purification, see Religious Rites
Pursuit, see Tracking
_Quapaw_ Indians, 344n
Raids, see War, names of individual tribes
Rain, making of by priests, 89 _et seq._
Razors, Indian, 7
Red Captain, Choctaw chief, 312F _et seq._
Redeeming blood, see Blood
Red Shoes, Choctaw chief, x _et seq._, 12, 317,
sketch of, 335n, 351n;
killed, 352
Religious Rites, 20 _et seq._, 32 _et seq._, 38 _et seq._, 49, 51, 64;
priests, 83 _et seq._, 87 _et seq._;
pollutions, 90, 99 _et seq._;
annual expiation of sins, 105 _et seq._;
purification by water, 117 _et seq._, 126 _et seq._;
sacrifices, 121 _et seq._;
uncleanness, 129,
of food, 136 _et seq._;
marriage and divorce, 145 _et seq._;
preparation for war, 167 _et seq._;
celebration of peace, 176 _et seq._;
curing sick, 181 _et seq._;
mourning for dead, 195 _et seq._, 244;
after war, 416, 425 _et seq._;
before games, 430
Revenge, see Blood
Rivers, see Lands;
method of crossing, 291
Roche, Matthew, Indian trader, xi _et seq._, 289n
Rogers, Maj. Robert, 402n, 447n
Roman Catholics, xxi, 45;
Adair’s hatred of, 86, 86n, 160, 183n, 213n;
his description of, 477 _et seq._
Ross, John, Indian trader, 279n
Sacrifices, see Religious Rites
Saddles, making of, 457
Salt, 115;
how obtained, 122
Saluda, town, xiii, xvi
Saponi Indians, 67n
Sauk Indians, 171n
Savannah, Ga., 247, 393
—— R., ix, xvi, 2n, 54n, 234n, 238, 365
Scalping, 260, 290, 318, 362;
how done, 416
Scioto R., 2n
Sealey, Benj., Indian trader, 394n
Seasons, the, 77 _et seq._
Secrecy of Indians, xxxv, 92
Serpents, jewels from, 92
Settlements advocated by Adair, 483 _et seq._
Sevier’s Island, 86n
Shartee, Peter, Indian trader, 4n
Shaving, Indian, 7
Shawano Indians, their color, 3; 4n, 269
Shawnee Indians and county, history of, 2n, 4n, 297n
Sheep, worship of, 26
Sick, treatment of, 109, 114, 131, 135, 181 _et seq._; 244, 383, 470;
see Wounded
Silver, see Minerals
Silver Bluff, town, 371, 393
Skin-scratching, 126
Smith, Augustine, Indian trader, 394n
——, John, Indian trader, 394n
Snakes and snake-bite, 247, 250, 291;
see Serpents
Songs, see Religious Rites; 102 _et seq._, 172;
for curing sick, 181 _et seq._;
funeral, 190
South Carolina, xvi, 86, 133, 143, 157, 234, 252n, 260 _et seq._, 270,
493
Spain, 285, 333, 365, 386n, 392, 490 _et seq._
Spanish historians, criticism of, 205 _et seq._
Speaking, manner of, see Orations
Spears, used in fishing, 433n
Speed of Indians, 341, 424
Sphynx Co., xi _et seq._, 346, 365
Spices, see Cooking, Herbs, Agriculture
Starr, Emmett, quoted, xviii, xix
St. Augustine, 488
Stone, heaps, see Monuments;
precious, see Minerals;
holy, 92
Strength and stamina of Indians, 5 _et seq._, 422, 424,
see Games
Stroud cloth, 9
Stuart, Charles, 318, 398n
——, Capt. John, 290, 318, 357n, 398n
Suggestions by Adair, see Adair
Suicide, 155, 246
Sun, Indian conception of, 21 _et seq._,
in eclipse, 68n
Sycamore Shoals, 86n
Tallapoosa, R., 277n
Tanner, John, Indian trader, 394n
Tattooing, 417
Tea, 388, 493
Tecumseh, Shawnee chief, 188n
Temples, see Houses, religious
Tennessee, see West, East, Lower
Tennessee R., xx, 237n, 285n, 288n, 398n, 431n, 494n
Ten Tribes of Israel, xxix;
arguments on descent of Indians from, see Table of Contents
Thunder, 68
Time, method of counting, 77 _et seq._, 105
Tithing, 94 _et seq._
Titles, see War, Names, Warriors; 459n, 465
Tobacco, see Agriculture; 93, 106, 486
Tombigbee, Fort, x, 284, 332, 356
Tomohawks, see War Methods
Toogalo, town, 82
Tools, 434
Torture, see Captives
Toulouse, Fort, 277n
Town houses, see Houses, religious; 453
Towns, Indian, description of, 238, 302, 378 _et seq._, 442 _et seq._;
independence of, 460
Tracking, 6, 150, 158, 330, 340 _et seq._
Trade and Traders, ix, 96 _et seq._, 151n, 241, 279, _et seq._, 305 _et
seq._, 346, 393 _et seq._;
named, 394n;
discussed, 443 et seq;
possibilities and worth to England, 481 _et seq._
Traditions, 18, 27, 38 _et seq._, 58, 68, 84, 89 _et seq._, 92, 121,
126, 136 _et seq._, 139, 144, 145 _et seq._, 167 _et seq._, 203 _et
seq._, 244, 250, 291, 446n, 452
Treaties, see Peace, making of;
Shelby-Jackson, Coffee-Colbert, 384n
Trees, 242, 250, 304, 386;
felling of, 435
Tribes, comparison with Jewish tribes, 16 _et seq._
Trickery, 347n
Turkeys, 387, 445
Underwood, Francis, Indian trader, 394n
Ustitlu legend, 250n
Vanity, Indian, 1 _et seq._
Vegetables, see Agriculture
Vessels, see Holy Vessels
Virginia, 67, 234n, 260, 486
—— Troops, xvii, 267n
Visitors, reception of by Indians, 63, 177 _et seq._,
see Hospitality
Wachowee, town, xx
Walker, Felix, quoted, 86n
Wampum, as money, 179
War, preparation for, 108;
customs, 155 _et seq._;
purification and fasting before, 167 _et seq._;
celebration after, 172 _et seq._;
war poles, 196n, 203n;
Cherokee wars, 252 _et seq._;
Muskogee, 278 _et seq._;
Choctaw, 312 _et seq._, 333 _et seq._, 368 _et seq._;
Chickasaw, 379 _et seq._;
titles, 406 _et seq._;
methods of waging, 407 _et seq._;
fate of chief if defeated, 416
Ward, Nancy, xx
Warriors, see War;
titles, how earned, 406,
presentation of, 426 _et seq._
Washington, George, 259n
Watauga R., 392n
Weapons, see War Methods
Weaving, 452 _et seq._
Wedderburn, Lt. Col., 395n
Welch, Thomas, Indian trader, 394n
Wesley, Rev. John, 21n
West Florida, xviii, 49, 81, 119n, 141n, 209, 210, 284, 307, 385, 489,
490, 493, _et seq._
—— Tennessee, xx, 445n, 484n;
see Chickasaw Bluffs
White people, Indian conception of, 35 _et seq._, 97, 115, 140, 462 _et
seq._
Widows, see Women, Mourning, Funeral Ceremonies, Marital and Marriage
Customs, etc.
Wiggan, Eleazor, 53n, 238n
Wild Animals, 137, 387;
see name of animal
Williamson, Hugh, 340n
Witnesses, swearing of, 51
Wolf King, Muskogee chief, 297
—— R., 484n
Wolves, 139;
see Wild Animals
Women, Indian, 6, 38 _et seq._, 94, 102, 109, _et seq._;
excluded from temples, 127;
when considered unclean, 129 _et seq._;
marriage and divorce, 145 _et seq._;
celebrating victory, 174 _et seq._;
after death of husbands, 195 _et seq._, 371;
as torturers of captives, 418;
guarding crops, 438;
beauty of, 447;
see Industry, Dress, Features, Traditions, etc.
Wood, Col. Abraham, 329n
——, Joseph, 349n
Worship, see Religious Rites, Traditions, Angels, Evil Spirits, etc.
Wounded, care of, see Sick; 131, 383
Wright, John, 454
Writers, see Authors
Yadkin R., 316
Yawasee War, 39n
Young, Judge Samuel Martin, quoted, xixn
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Transcriber’s Note
The punctuation in the Index is not entirely consistent, and has been
corrected. Here are some other issues with the Index:
● The entry for John Elliott refers to a note on p. 97. The relevant
reference is note 97 on p. 223.
● The entry for William McMullian mistakenly refers to a note on p.
294, which appears on p. 394.
● There is no mention of Henry Laurens on p. 34.
● Although there is a cross-reference to ‘Mounds’, there is no such
topic there;
● and likewise for ‘Mourning’.
The editor of this volume indicated that he took care to reproduce
Adair’s “punctuation, spelling and capitalization”, an injunction
honored here. We assume that his edition was performed accurately,
though several apparent lapses have been corrected after consultation
with Adair’s original 1775 text. The long ‘ſ’ of the original was
printed as a standard ‘s’, but one instance was missed (‘enfeſtment’ on
p. viii.).
The editor’s own notes (c. 1930) have been, on rare occasions, subject
to correction where those errors have been deemed most likely to be the
printer’s. All substantive corrections are noted below. The references
are to the page and line in the original, or if in a footnote, the page,
note and line.
viii.8 to order his enfe[f/s]tment Replaced
xxx.22 Sud-und Nord-Karolina [a/u]nd Virginien Replaced.
4.III.5 a large body of the [C/S]hawano Replaced.
5.37 from their christian neigh[b]ours Inserted.
25.13 When I pas[s/t] that way Replaced.
43.5 “_Tahre lakkana_[”] Added.
47.30 “The fat of the corn.[”] Added.
48.5 in forming [איש] and אישא Rotated.
71.6 In like man[n]er Inserted.
76.41 “If I ate, I should be fully satisfied.[”] Added.
77.23 “strait, even, or right;[”] Added.
78.30 Here I can[n]ot forbear remarking Added.
114.28 and other bitter deco[c]tions> Added.
137.2 _Ahiskola Awa, Ooka Ho[m/o]meh Ishto_ Replaced.
159.13 they observe that Mos[ia/ai]c precept Transposed.
159.16 the Jewish pri[e]sts Inserted.
159.31 The Muskoh[o]ge Removed.
201.19 “the hair of one’s head,[”] Added.
229.3 The fo[il/li]age of which is always green Transposed.
251.4 as the Egypti[o/a]ns did Replaced.
298.24 were great lose[r]s in the war Inserted.
324.40 conven[ei/ie]nt convenient Transposed.
363.16 they were or[i]ginally endued Inserted.
396.37 di[ff/ss]idents Long ſ
misread.