Guthuruns lane to Kery lane, and Kery lane itself (which is of this
ward), and back again into Engain lane, by the north side of the
Goldsmiths’ hall to Foster lane: and this is the east wing of this ward.
Then is Foster lane almost wholly of this ward, beginneth in the south
toward Cheap, on the east side by the north side of St. Foster’s church,
and runneth down north-west by the west end of Engain lane, by Lilipot
lane and Oate lane to Noble street, and through that by Shelly house (of
old time so called, as belonging to the Shelleys); Sir Thomas Shelley,
knight, was owner thereof in the 1st of Henry IV. It is now called Bacon
house, because the same was new built by Sir Nicholas Bacon, lord keeper
of the great seal. Down on that side, by Sergeant Fleetwood’s house,
recorder of London, who also new built it, to St. Olave’s church in
Silver street, which is by the north-west end of this Noble street.
Then again in Foster lane this ward beginneth on the west side thereof,
over against the south-west corner of St. Foster’s church, and runneth
down by St. Leonard’s church, by Pope lane end, and by St. Ann’s lane
end, which lane is also of this ward, north to the stone wall by the
wall of the city, over against Bacon house, which stone wall, and so
down north to Cripplegate on that side, is of Faringdon ward.
Then have ye the main street of this ward, which is called St. Martin’s
lane, including St. Martin, on the east side thereof, and so down on
both the sides to Aldersgate. And these be the bounds of this ward
within the wall and gate.
Without the gate the main street called Aldersgate street runneth up
north on the east side to the west end of Howndes ditch, or Barbican
street; a part of which street is also of this ward. And on the west
side to Long lane, a part whereof is likewise of this ward. Beyond the
which Aldersgate street is Goswell street up to the bars.
And on this west side of Aldersgate street, by St. Buttolph’s church
is Briton street, which runneth west to a pump, and then north to the
gate which entereth the churchyard, sometime pertaining to the priory
of St. Bartholomew on the east side; and on the west side towards St.
Bartholomew’s Spittle, to a pair of posts there fixed. And these be the
bounds of this Aldersgate ward without.
The antiquities be these, first in Stayning lane, of old time so called,
as may be supposed, of painter-stainers dwelling there.
On the east side thereof, adjoining to the Haberdashers’ hall, be ten
alms houses, pertaining to the Haberdashers, wherein be placed ten alms
people of that company, every of them having eight pence the piece every
Friday for ever, by the gift of Thomas Huntlow, haberdasher, one of the
sheriffs in the year 1539. More, Sir George Baron gave them ten pounds
by the year for ever.
Then is the small parish church of St. Mary, called Stayning, because it
standeth at the north end of Stayning lane. In the which church, being
but newly built, there remains no monument worth the noting.
Then is Engain lane, or Mayden lane, and at the north-west corner
thereof the parish church of St. John Zachary; a fair church, with the
monuments well preserved, of Thomas Lichfield, who founded a chantry
there in the 14th of Edward II.; of Sir Nicholas Twiford, goldsmith,
mayor 1388, and Dame Margery his wife, of whose goods the church was
made and new built, with a tomb for them, and others of their race,
1390; Drugo Barentine, mayor 1398; he gave fair lands to the Goldsmiths;
he dwelt right against the Goldsmiths’ hall; between the which hall and
his dwelling house he built a gallery thwarting the street, whereby
he might go from one to the other; he was buried in this church, and
Christian his wife, 1427; John Adis, goldsmith, 1400, and Margaret his
wife; John Francis, goldsmith, mayor 1400, and Elizabeth his wife,
1450; I. Sutton, goldsmith, one of the sheriffs 1413; Bartholomew
Seman, goldbeater, master of the king’s mints within the Tower of
London and the town of Calice, 1430;[228], John Hewet, esquire, 1500;
William Breakespere, goldsmith, 1461; Christopher Eliot, goldsmith,
1505; Bartholomew Reade, goldsmith, mayor 1502, was buried in the
Charterhouse, and gave to this, his parish church, one hundred pounds;
his wife was buried here with a fair monument, her picture in habit of a
widow; Thomas Keyton Lorimar, 1522; William Potken, esquire, 1537; John
Cornish, with an epitaph, 1470; Robert Fenruther, goldsmith, one of the
sheriffs in the year 1512.
On the east side of this Foster lane, at Engain lane end, is the
Goldsmiths’ hall, a proper house, but not large; and, therefore, to say
that Bartholomew Read, goldsmith, mayor in the year 1502, kept such a
feast in this hall, as some have fabuled,[229] is far incredible, and
altogether impossible, considering the smallness of the hall, and number
of the guests, which, as they say, were more than a hundred persons of
great estate. For the messes and dishes of meats to them served, the
paled park in the same hall furnished with fruitful trees, beasts of
venery, and other circumstances of that pretended feast, well weighed,
Westminster hall would hardly have sufficed; and, therefore, I will
overpass it, and note somewhat of principal goldsmiths.
First I read, that Leofstane, goldsmith, was provost of this city in
the reign of Henry I. Also, that Henry Fitz Alewin Fitz Leafstane,
goldsmith, was mayor of London in the 1st of Richard I., and continued
mayor twenty-four years. Also that Gregory Rocksly, chief say-master of
all the king’s mints within England, (and therefore by my conjecture)
a goldsmith, was mayor in the 3rd of Edward I., and continued mayor
seven years together. Then, William Faringdon, goldsmith, alderman of
Faringdon ward, one of the sheriffs 1281, the 9th of Edward I., who was
a goldsmith, as appeareth in record, as shall be shown in Faringdon
ward. Then Nicholas Faringdon his son, goldsmith, alderman of Faringdon
ward, four times mayor in the reign of Edward II., etc. For the rest
of latter time are more manifestly known, and therefore I leave them.
The men of this mystery were incorporated or confirmed in the 16th of
Richard II.
Then at the north end of Noble street is the parish church of St. Olave
in Silver street, a small thing, and without any noteworthy monuments.
On the west side of Foster lane is the small parish church of St.
Leonard’s, for them of St. Martin’s le Grand. A number of tenements
being lately built in place of the great collegiate church of St.
Martin, that parish is mightily increased. In this church remain these
monuments. First, without the church is graven in stone on the east end,
John Brokeitwell, an especial re-edifier, or new builder thereof. In
the choir, graven in brass, Robert Purfet, grocer, 1507; Robert Trapis,
goldsmith, 1526, with this epitaph:--
“When the bels be merily roong,
And the masse devoutly sung,
And the meat merily eaten,
Then shall Robert Trips, his wives
And children be forgotten.”
Then in Pope lane, so called of one Pope that was owner thereof, on
the north side of the parish church of St. Anne in the Willows, so
called, I know not upon what occasion, but some say of willows growing
thereabouts; but now there is no such void place for willows to grow,
more than the churchyard, wherein do grow some high ash trees.
This church, by casualty of fire in the year 1548, was burnt, so far as
it was combustible, but since being newly repaired, there remain a few
monuments of antiquity: of Thomas Beckhenton, clerk of the pipe, was
buried there 1499; Raph Caldwell, gentleman, of Grays inn, 1527; John
Lord Sheffelde; John Herenden, mercer, esquire, 1572, these verses on an
old stone:--[230]
_Qu an Tris di c vul stra
os guis ti ro um nere uit
h san Chris mi T mu la_
William Gregory, skinner, mayor of London in the year 1451, was there
buried, and founded a chantry, but no monument of him remaineth.
Then in St. Martin’s lane was of old time a fair and large college of
a dean and secular canons or priests, and was called St. Martin’s le
Grand, founded by Ingelricus and Edwardus his brother, in the year
of Christ 1056, and confirmed by William the Conqueror, as appeareth
by his charter dated 1068. This college claimed great privileges of
sanctuary and otherwise, as appeareth in a book, written by a notary of
that house about the year 1442, the 19th of Henry VI., wherein, amongst
other things, is set down and declared, that on the 1st of September,
in the year aforesaid, a soldier, prisoner in Newgate, as he was led by
an officer towards the Guildhall of London, there came out of Panyer
alley five of his fellowship, and took him from the officer, brought
him into sanctuary at the west door of St. Martin’s church, and took
grithe of that place; but the same day Philip Malpas and Rob. Marshall,
then sheriffs of London, with many other, entered the said church, and
forcibly took out with them the said five men thither fled, led them
fettered to the Compter, and from thence, chained by the necks, to
Newgate; of which violent taking the dean and chapter in large manner
complained to the king, and required him, as their patron, to defend
their privileges, like as his predecessors had done, etc. All which
complaint and suit the citizens by their counsel, Markam, sergeant at
the law, John Carpenter, late common clerk of the city, and other,
learnedly answered, offering to prove that the said place of St. Martin
had no such immunity or liberty as was pretended; namely, Carpenter
offered to lose his livelihood, if that church had more immunity than
the least church in London. Notwithstanding, after long debating of
this controversy, by the king’s commandment, and assent of his council
in the starred chamber, the chancellor and treasurer sent a writ unto
the sheriffs of London, charging them to bring the said five persons
with the cause of their taking and withholding afore the king in his
Chancery, on the vigil of Allhallows. On which day the said sheriffs,
with the recorder and counsel of the city, brought and delivered them
accordingly, afore the said lords; whereas the chancellor, after he had
declared the king’s commandment, sent them to St. Martin’s, there to
abide freely, as in a place having franchises, whiles them liked, etc.
Thus much out of that book have I noted concerning the privilege of that
place challenged in these days, since the which time, to wit, in the
year 1457, the 36th of the said Henry VI., an ordinance was made by the
king and his council concerning the said sanctuary men in St. Martin’s
le Grand, whereof the articles are set down in the book of K., within
the chamber of the Guildhall, in the lease 299.
This college was surrendered to King Edward VI., the 2nd of his reign,
in the year of Christ 1548; and the same year the college church being
pulled down, in the east part thereof a large wine tavern was built,
and with all down to the west, and throughout the whole precinct of
that college, many other houses were built and highly prized, letten to
strangers born, and other such, as there claimed benefit of privileges
granted to the canons serving God day and night (for so be the words in
the charter of William the Conqueror), which may hardly be wrested to
artificers, buyers and sellers, otherwise than is mentioned in the 21st
of St. Matthew’s Gospel.
Lower down on the west side of St. Martin’s lane, in the parish of
St. Anne, almost by Aldersgate, is one great house, commonly called
Northumberland house; it belonged to H. Percy. King Henry IV., in
the 7th of his reign, gave this house, with the tenements thereunto
appertaining, to Queen Jane his wife, and then it was called her
Wardrobe: it is now a printing house.
Without Aldersgate, on the east side of Aldersgate street, is the Cooks’
hall; which Cooks (or Pastelars) were admitted to be a company, and to
have a master and wardens, in the 22nd of Edward IV. From thence along
into Houndsditch, or Barbican street, be many fair houses. On the west
side also be the like fair buildings till ye come to Long lane, and so
to Goswell street.
In Briton street, which took that name of the dukes of Brittany lodging
there, is one proper parish church of St. Buttolph, in which church was
sometime a brotherhood of St. Fabian and Sebastian, founded in the year
1377, the 51st of Edward III., and confirmed by Henry IV., in the 6th
of his reign. Then Henry VI., in the 24th of his reign, to the honour
of the Trinity, gave license to Dame Joan Astley, sometime his nurse,
to R. Cawod and T. Smith, to found the same a fraternity, perpetually
to have a master and two custoses, with brethren and sisters, etc. This
brotherhood was endowed with lands more than thirty pounds by the year,
and was suppressed by Edward VI. There lie buried, John de Bath, weaver,
1390; Philip at Vine, capper, 1396; Benet Gerard, brewer, 1403; Thomas
Bilsington founded a chantry there, and gave to that church a house,
called the Helmet upon Cornhill; John Bradmore, chirurgeon, Margaret and
Katheren his wives, 1411; John Michaell, sergeant-at-arms, 1415; Allen
Bret, carpenter, 1425; Robert Malton, 1426; John Trigilion, brewer,
1417; John Mason, brewer, 1431; Rob. Cawood, clerk of the pipe in the
king’s exchequer, 1466; Ri. Emmessey; John Walpole; I. Hartshorne,
esquire, servant to the king, 1400, and other of that family, great
benefactors to that church; W. Marrow, grocer, mayor, and Katherine his
wife, were buried there about 1468. The Lady Ann Packington, widow, late
wife to Jo. Packinton, knight, chirographer of the court of the common
pleas; she founded alms houses near unto the White Fryers’ church in
Fleet street: the Clothworkers in London have oversight thereof.
And thus an end of this ward; which hath an alderman, his deputy, common
councillors five, constables eight, scavengers nine, for the wardmote
inquest fourteen, and a beadle. It is taxed to the fifteen in London
seven pounds, and[231] in the exchequer six pounds nineteen shillings.
FOOTNOTES:
[227] “It is taxed in London to the fifteene at forty pound, and in the
Exchequer at thirty-nine pound ten shillings.”--_1st edition_, p. 242.
[228] “Thomas Leichfield.”--_1st edition_, p. 244.
[229] R. Grafton.
[230] These disjointed syllables, it will be seen, may be so read as to
form the following rhyming couplet:--
“_Quos anguis tristi diro cum vulnere stravit,
Hos sanguis Christi miro tum munere lavit._”
[231] “Likewise in the exchequer.”--_1st edition_, p. 247.
FARINGDON WARD INFRA, OR WITHIN
On the south side of Aldersgate ward lieth Faringdon ward, called
_infra_ or within, for a difference from another ward of that name,
which lieth without the walls of the city, and is therefore called
Faringdon _extra_. These two wards of old time were but one, and had
also but one alderman, till the 17th of Richard II., at which time the
said ward, for the greatness thereof, was divided into twain, and by
parliament ordered to have two aldermen, and so it continueth till this
day. The whole great ward of Farindon, both _infra_ and _extra_, took
name of W. Farindon, goldsmith, alderman of that ward, and one of the
sheriffs of London in the year 1281, the 9th of Edward I. He purchased
the Aldermanry of this ward, as by the abstract of deeds, which I have
read thereof, may appear.
“Thomas de Arderne, son and heir to Sir Ralph Arderne, knight, granted
to Ralph le Feure, citizen of London, one of the sheriffs in the year
1277, all the aldermanry, with the appurtenances within the city of
London, and the suburbs of the same between Ludgate and Newgate, and
also without the same gates: which aldermanry, Ankerinus de Averne
held during his life, by the grant of the said Thomas de Arderna, to
have and to hold to the said Ralph, and to his heirs, freely without
all challenge, yielding therefore yearly to the said Thomas and his
heirs one clove[232] or slip of gilliflowers, at the feast of Easter,
for all secular service and customs, with warranty unto the said Ralph
le Fevre and his heirs, against all people, Christians and Jews, in
consideration of twenty marks, which the said Ralph le Fevre did give
beforehand, in name of a gersum[233] or fine, to the said Thomas, etc.,
dated the 5th of Edward I. Witness, G. de Rokesley, maior; R. Arrar,
one of the shiriffes; H. Wales, P. le Taylor, T. de Basing, I. Horne,
N. Blackthorn, aldermen of London.” After this, John le Fevre, son and
heir to the said Ralph le Fevre, granted to William Farindon, citizen
and goldsmith of London, and to his heirs, the said aldermanry, with the
appurtenances, for the service thereunto belonging, in the 7th of Edward
I., in the year of Christ 1279. This aldermanry descended to Nicholas
Farindon, son to the said William, and to his heirs; which Nicholas
Farindon, also a goldsmith, was four times mayor, and lived many years
after; for I have read divers deeds, whereunto he was a witness, dated
the year 1360: he made his testament 1361, which was fifty-three years
after his first being mayor, and was buried in St. Peter’s church in
Cheape. So this ward continued under the government of William Faringdon
the father, and Nicholas his son, by the space of eighty-two years, and
retaineth their name until this present day.
This ward of Faringdon within the walls is bounded thus: Beginning in
the east, at the great cross in Westcheape, from whence it runneth west.
On the north side from the parish church of St. Peter, which is at the
south-west corner of Wood street, on to Guthurun’s lane, and down that
lane to Hugon lane on the east side, and to Kery lane on the west.
Then again into Cheape and to Foster lane, and down that lane on the
east side, to the north side of St. Foster’s church, and on the west,
till over against the south-west corner of the said church, from whence
down Foster lane and Noble street is all of Aldersgate street ward,
till ye come to the stone wall, in the west side of Noble street, as is
afore showed. Which said wall, down to Nevil’s inn or Windsor house,
and down Monkes well street, on that west side, then by London wall to
Cripplegate, and the west side of that same gate is all of Faringdon
ward.
Then back again into Cheape, and from Foster lane end to St. Martin’s
lane end, and from thence through St. Nicholas shambles, by Penticost
lane and Butchers’ alley, and by Stinking lane through Newgate market to
Newgate; all which is the north side of Faringdon ward.
On the south, from against the said great cross in Cheape west to
Fridayes street, and down that street on the east side, till over
against the north-east corner of St. Mathew’s church; and on the west
side, till the south corner of the said church.
Then again along Cheape to the old Exchange, and down that lane (on the
east side) to the parish church of St. Augustine, which church, and one
house next adjoining in Watheling street, be of this ward, and on the
west side of this lane, to the east arch or gate by St. Augustine’s
church, which entereth the south churchyard of St. Paules, which arch
or gate was built by Nicholas Faringdon about the year 1361, and within
that gate, on the said north side, to the gate that entereth the north
churchyard, and all the north churchyard is of this Faringdon ward.
Then again into Cheape, and from the north end of the Old Exchange, west
by the north gate of Paules churchyard, by Pater noster row, by the two
lanes out of Paules church, and to a sign of the Golden Lion, which is
some twelve houses short of Ave Mary lane; the west side of which lane
is of this ward.
Then at the south end of Ave Mary lane is Creed lane; the west side
whereof is also of this ward.
Now betwixt the south end of Ave Mary lane and the north end of Creede
lane, is the coming out of Paules churchyard on the east, and the high
street called Bowier row to Ludgate on the west, which way to Ludgate is
of this ward. On the north side whereof is St. Martin’s church, and on
the south side a turning into the Blacke friars.
Now to turn up again to the north end of Ave Mary lane, there is a short
lane which runneth west some small distance, and is there closed up with
a gate into a great house: and this is called Amen lane.
Then on the north side of Pater noster row, beginning at the Conduit
over against the Old Exchange lane end, and going west by St. Michael’s
church; at the west end of which church is a small passage through
towards the north: and beyond this church some small distance is another
passage, which is called Paniar alley, and cometh out against St.
Martin’s lane end.
Then further west in Pater noster row is Ivie lane, which runneth north
to the west end of St. Nicholas shambles; and then west Pater noster
row, till over against the Golden Lion, where the ward endeth for that
street.
Then about some dozen houses (which is of Baynard’s castle ward) to
Warwick lane end; which Warwick lane stretcheth north to the high
street of Newgate market. And the west side of Warwick lane is of this
Faringdon ward; for the east side of Warwick lane, of Ave Marie lane,
and of Creede lane, with the west end of Pater noster row, are all of
Baynardes castle ward.
Yet to begin again at the said Conduit by the Old Exchange, on the
north side thereof is a large street that runneth up to Newgate, as is
aforesaid. The first part, or south side whereof, from the Conduit to
the shambles, is called Bladder street. Then on the back side of the
shambles be divers slaughter-houses, and such like, pertaining to the
shambles; and this is called Mount Godard street. Then is the shambles
itself, and then Newgate market; and so the whole street, on both sides
up to Newgate, is of this ward; and thus it is wholly bounded.
Monuments in this ward be these: First, the great cross in Westcheape
street, but in the ward of Faringdon; the which cross was first erected
in that place by Edward I., as before is showed in Westcheape street.
At the south-west corner of Wood street is the parish church of St.
Peter the Apostle by the said cross, a proper church lately new built.
John Sha, goldsmith, mayor, deceased 1508, appointed by his testament
the said church and steeple to be newly built of his goods, with a flat
roof; notwithstanding, Thomas Wood, goldsmith, one of the sheriffs
1491, is accounted principal benefactor, because the roof of the middle
aisle is supported by images of woodmen. I find to have been buried
in this church--Nicholas Farendon, mayor; Richard Hadley, grocer,
1592; John Palmer, fishmonger, 1500; William Rus, goldsmith, sheriff
1429; T. Atkins, esquire, 1400; John Butler, sheriff 1420;[234] Henry
Warley, alderman 1524; Sir John Monday, goldsmith, mayor, deceased
1537; Augustine Hinde, cloth-worker, one of the sheriffs in the year
1550, whose monument doth yet remain, the others be gone; Sir Alexander
Auenon, mayor 1570.
The long shop, or shed, incroaching on the high street before this
church wall was licensed to be made in the year 1401, yielding to the
chamber of London thirty shillings and four pence yearly for the time,
but since thirteen shillings and four pence. Also the same shop was
letten by the parish for three pounds at the most many years since.
Then is Guthurun’s lane, so called of Guthurun, sometime owner thereof.
The inhabitants of this lane of old time were goldbeaters, as doth
appear by records in the Exchequer; for the Easterling money was
appointed to be made of fine silver, such as men made into foil, and was
commonly called silver of Guthurun’s lane, etc. The Embroiderers’ hall
is in this lane. John Throwstone, embroiderer, then goldsmith, sheriff,
deceased 1519, gave forty pounds towards the purchase of this hall.
Hugon lane on the east side, and Kery lane (called of one Kery) on the
west.
Then in the high street on the same north side is the Saddlers’ hall,
and then Fauster lane (so called) of St. Fauster’s, a fair church lately
new built. Henry Coote, goldsmith, one of the sheriffs, deceased 1509,
built St. Dunston’s chapel there. John Throwstone, one of the sheriffs,
gave to the building thereof one hundred pounds by his testament.
John Browne, sergeant painter, alderman, deceased 1532, was a great
benefactor, and was there buried. William Trist, cellarer to the king,
1425, John Standelfe,[235] goldsmiths, lie buried there; Richard
Galder, 1544; Agnes, wife to William Milborne, chamberlain of London,
1500, etc.