Indies in 1811, obtained the permission of His Royal Highness the
Duke of York to proceed to Portugal, for the purpose of offering
his services to Marshal Sir William Carr Beresford, which being
accepted, he served from September 1811 until 1814 with the
Portuguese troops in the fifth division of the British army; and
was, in 1812, promoted to the rank of major. He was present in the
battles of _Salamanca_ and _Vittoria_; in the latter of which he
commanded the advance of his brigade, consisting of every third
file; when he, and two captains, under his command, were severely
wounded; his conduct on the occasion was mentioned in the orders
issued after the action by Major-General Spry, who commanded the
brigade. Major Archibald Campbell commanded the 15th Portuguese
infantry in the affairs of crossing the _Bidassoa_ into France,
forcing the enemy's lines on the _Nive_, on the 9th, 10th, and 11th
of December 1813, on which occasion he was promoted for his conduct
to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the Portuguese service, and
his name was mentioned in General Orders by Marshal Beresford; he
was honored with a medal by his Sovereign, and on his return to
England was promoted, on the 17th of February, 1814, to the rank of
Lieut.-Colonel in the FORTY-SIXTH regiment, with which his earlier
services were connected. He was subsequently appointed a Companion
of the Order of the Bath, and was appointed extra aide-de-camp to
His Majesty King William IV. on the 6th of May 1831, with the rank
of colonel in the army. He retired from the FORTY-SIXTH regiment
on the 11th of October 1839. The decease of Colonel Archibald
Campbell, C.B., occurred at the Isle of Mull, on the 16th of
November, 1840.
[18] The remark here made by Lieut.-Colonel Campbell is in allusion
to the new system of drill, prescribed by the General Order of the
10th of March, 1824, according to the improvements introduced by
Major-General Sir Henry Torrens, K.C.B., Adjutant-General of the
Forces.
[Illustration: FORTY-SIXTH REGIMENT.
_For Cannons Military Records_
_Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t Strand_]
SUCCESSION OF COLONELS
OF
THE FORTY-SIXTH,
OR
THE SOUTH DEVONSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT,
ORIGINALLY NUMBERED
THE FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT.
JOHN PRICE.
_Appointed 13th January, 1741._
MR. JOHN PRICE obtained a commission of ensign in a regiment of
foot in 1706; and subsequently rose to the rank of Captain and
Lieut.-Colonel in the First Foot Guards. In January, 1741, he was
promoted to the colonelcy of the FIFTY-SEVENTH (now FORTY-SIXTH)
regiment, which was then being raised. In June, 1743, Colonel Price
was removed to the fourteenth regiment of foot, and was promoted
to the rank of Brigadier-General on the 6th of June, 1745. During
the campaign of 1747, he commanded a brigade of infantry in the
Netherlands, under His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, and
highly distinguished himself at the battle of Val, or Laffeld, near
Maestricht, on the 2nd of July of that year. His brigade was posted
in the village of Val, and his gallantry during the action was
commended by the Duke of Cumberland in his public despatch. He died
in November following at Breda, in Holland.
THE HONORABLE THOMAS MURRAY.
_Appointed 23rd June, 1743._
This Officer was promoted by His Majesty King George II. from
the Third Foot Guards to be colonel of the FIFTY-SEVENTH (now
FORTY-SIXTH) regiment, upon Colonel Price being removed to the
fourteenth foot in June, 1743. Colonel the Honorable Thomas Murray
was promoted to the rank of major-general on the 1st of April,
1754, and to that of lieut.-general on the 19th of January, 1758.
His decease occurred in November, 1764.
WILLIAM VISCOUNT HOWE, K.B.
_Appointed 21st November, 1764._
This distinguished officer was the fifth son of Emanuel Scrope
Viscount Howe, and commenced his military career as a cornet in
the Duke of Cumberland's regiment of light dragoons, in which he
was promoted to a lieutenancy on the 21st of September, 1747.
The regiment was disbanded in 1749, shortly after the conclusion
of the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which was signed in October of
the preceding year. He was promoted to the rank of captain in the
twentieth regiment on the 1st of June, 1750, and to that of major
in the sixtieth (afterwards fifty-eighth) regiment on the 4th of
January, 1756. On the 17th of December, 1757, he was promoted to
the lieutenant-colonelcy of the fifty-eighth regiment. During the
"_Seven Years' War_," he served in America under Major-General
Wolfe with great reputation, and was advanced to the brevet rank
of colonel on the 19th of February 1762. Colonel the Honorable
William Howe was appointed by King George III. to the colonelcy of
the FORTY-SIXTH regiment on the 21st of November 1764. His Majesty
also advanced him to the rank of major-general on the 25th of May,
1772. Major-general the Honorable William Howe was appointed to
succeed General Gage in the chief command of the British Forces in
America shortly after the commencement of the War of Independence,
and arrived at Boston with Major-Generals Clinton and Burgoyne in
May, 1775. Major-General the Honorable Sir William Howe, K.B., was
appointed by His Majesty, colonel of the twenty-third Royal Welsh
Fusiliers, from the FORTY-SIXTH regiment, on the 11th of May, 1775.
He commanded at the attack on Bunker's Hill on the 17th of June
following, was besieged in Boston during the winter, evacuated that
town in the spring of 1776, and retired to Halifax, in Nova Scotia.
On the 1st of January, 1776, he received the local rank of General
in North America. In June he arrived at Staten Island, where he
was joined by his brother Admiral Richard Lord Howe. The brothers
here informed the American Congress, that they had received
full power to grant pardon to such as should return to their
obedience; but the Commissioners appointed by that body declined
the proposition as unworthy of attention. In August, he defeated
the Americans at Long Island, and took possession of New York in
September, 1776. After the campaign in the Jerseys, in 1777, Sir
William Howe sailed from Sandy Hook and entered Chesapeake Bay.
Having previously secured the command of the Schuylkill, he crossed
it with his army, and defeated the Americans at Brandywine on
the 11th of September, and at Germantown on the 4th of October,
1777. On the 29th of August, 1777, His Majesty advanced him to
the rank of lieut.-general. In the spring of 1778, he returned to
England, having resigned the command of the army to General Sir
Henry Clinton. On the 21st of April, 1786, Sir William Howe was
removed to the colonelcy of the nineteenth (late twenty-third)
Light Dragoons, which he retained until his decease. On the 12th
of October, 1793, Sir William Howe was promoted to the rank of
general. In 1799, he succeeded to the Irish peerage held by his
brother Richard Earl Howe, the celebrated Admiral; and in 1805 he
was appointed Governor of Plymouth. General William Viscount Howe
died on the 12th of July, 1814, in the eighty-fifth year of his age.
THE HONORABLE SIR JOHN VAUGHAN, K.B.
_Appointed 11th May, 1775._
LIEUT.-COLONEL Commandant the Honorable John Vaughan, who
distinguished himself at the capture of Martinique in February,
1762, was appointed from the ninety-fourth, Royal Welsh Volunteers
(since disbanded) to be lieut.-colonel of the FORTY-SIXTH regiment
on the 25th of November, 1762, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel
John Young, who retired. Lieut.-Colonel the Honorable John Vaughan
was promoted to the rank of colonel in the army on the 25th of
May, 1772, and His Majesty King George III. appointed him to the
colonelcy of the FORTY-SIXTH regiment on the 11th of May, 1775,
upon Major-General the Honorable Sir William Howe, K.B., being
removed to the twenty-third, Royal Welsh Fusiliers. Colonel Vaughan
embarked with his regiment for North America in the beginning of
the year 1776, and, for his services during the American war, was
promoted to the rank of major-general on the 29th of August, 1777,
and was advanced to that of lieut.-general on the 20th of November,
1782. In 1792 His Majesty conferred upon him the dignity of a
Knight of the Order of the Bath. Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir
John Vaughan died on the 30th of June, 1795, at which period he was
Commander in Chief of the troops stationed in the Leeward Islands.
SIR JAMES HENRY CRAIG, K.B.
_Appointed 1st August, 1795._
JAMES HENRY CRAIG was appointed ensign in the thirtieth foot, in
1763, and served with his regiment at Gibraltar: in 1771 he was
promoted to captain in the forty-seventh regiment, with which
corps he served several campaigns in America; and in 1777 he was
promoted to the majority, and in 1781 to the lieut.-colonelcy, of
the eighty-second regiment, from which he was removed, in 1783, to
the sixteenth. He was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1790, and
to that of major-general in 1794; in August, 1795, he was nominated
to the colonelcy of the FORTY-SIXTH regiment; he was advanced to
the rank of lieut.-general in 1801, and removed to the eighty-sixth
in 1804. He commanded an expedition to the Mediterranean, in
1805, with the local rank of general, and the dignity of a Knight
of the Bath; the troops under his orders landed at Naples, and
subsequently took possession of the island of Sicily. In 1806
he was removed to the twenty-second regiment; and in 1807 he was
appointed Governor of Upper and Lower Canada, with the local rank
of General in America; in 1809 he was removed to the seventy-eighth
Highlanders. He was also appointed Governor of Blackness Castle. He
died on the 12th of January, 1812.
JOHN WHYTE.
_Appointed 5th January, 1804._
This officer commenced his military career, in 1761, as an ensign
in the Thirty-eighth regiment, and was promoted to the rank of
lieutenant in the fifty-sixth regiment on the 9th of February,
1762, and to that of captain on the 25th of March, 1771. He was
promoted from the fifty-sixth to be major in the eighty-third
regiment (afterwards disbanded) on the 23rd of December, 1777.
Major Whyte was promoted to the rank of lieut.-colonel in the
sixth regiment of foot on the 3rd of April, 1782, and received the
brevet rank of colonel on the 12th of October, 1793. On the 26th
of February, 1795, he was promoted to the rank of major-general,
and on the 24th of April following, His Majesty King George III.
appointed him to the colonelcy of the First West India regiment.
Major-General Whyte was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general
on the 29th of April, 1802, and on the 5th of January, 1804, he
was appointed colonel of the FORTY-SIXTH regiment. On the 1st of
January, 1812, he was advanced to the rank of general. The decease
of General John Whyte occurred on the 30th of March, 1816.
HENRY WYNYARD.
_Appointed 1st April, 1816._
The early services of this officer are connected with the first
regiment of foot guards, in which he was appointed ensign on the
6th of June, 1778, and in which he rose to the rank of captain
on the 4th of June, 1781. In February, 1793, he embarked with
the brigade of guards for Holland, and advanced with the army
through Flanders. In May following he returned to England, having
been promoted to a company with the rank of lieut.-colonel in the
preceding month. In November, 1794, he rejoined the British army in
the neighbourhood of Arnheim, and after the retreat of that winter,
he embarked for England. On the 3rd of May, 1796, he received the
brevet rank of colonel; and early in 1798 was appointed to the
command of a flank battalion, formed from the grenadiers of the
brigade of guards, and in August, 1799, landed at the Helder under
General Sir Ralph Abercromby. Colonel Wynyard was present in every
action during that expedition except the last; in that of the 19th
of September near _Bergen_ he was wounded. On the 29th of April,
1802, he was promoted to the rank of major-general, and in May,
1803, was placed upon the staff of Great Britain, being appointed
to the command of a brigade of guards in the Southern District. In
September, 1806, Major-General Wynyard embarked with a brigade of
guards and other troops destined for Sicily, in which Island he
was placed in command upon the southern coast. In January, 1808,
he arrived in England, and was again placed upon the staff in the
Southern District. On the 25th of April, 1808, he was advanced to
the rank of lieut.-general, and in June was appointed to the staff
of Ireland, which he held until the 24th of January, 1812. On the
15th of September, 1808, His Majesty King George III. conferred
upon him the colonelcy of the sixty-fourth regiment, from which
he was appointed colonel of the FORTY-SIXTH regiment on the 1st
of April, 1816. Lieut.-General Wynyard commanded the forces in
North Britain from the 28th of July, 1812, to the 24th of April,
1816, and on the 12th of August, 1819, was advanced to the rank
of general. General Wynyard was also a member of the Consolidated
Board of General Officers, and a Groom of the Bedchamber to His
Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, now King of Hanover. General
Wynyard died on the 3rd of April, 1838, after a lengthened service
of sixty years.
SIR JOHN (afterwards LORD) KEANE, G.C.B., & G.C.H.
_Appointed 6th April, 1838._
This officer entered the army at an early age, and on the 12th
of November 1794, was promoted to the rank of captain in the
hundred-and-twenty-fourth regiment, afterwards disbanded. Captain
Keane was placed on the half-pay of the seventy-third regiment on
the 11th of March 1795, and on the 7th of November 1799 he was
removed to the forty-fourth regiment, which he joined at Gibraltar.
During the campaign in Egypt, Captain Keane served as aide-de-camp
to Major-General Lord Cavan, and was present in the actions near
Alexandria, on the 13th and 21st of March 1801. On the 27th of
May 1802, he was promoted to the rank of major in the sixtieth
regiment; he remained in the Mediterranean on the staff until
March 1803, when he returned to England. Major Keane was promoted
to the rank of lieut.-colonel in the thirteenth foot on the 20th
of August 1803, which regiment he joined at Gibraltar early in
1804. Lieut.-Colonel Keane afterwards served under Lieut.-General
George Beckwith, in the expedition against Martinique in 1809, and
was present at the siege of Fort Desaix, which surrendered on the
24th of February, of that year, and completed the capture of the
island. In January 1812, he received the brevet rank of colonel,
and on the 25th of June following, he was removed to the sixtieth
regiment. His reputation was then such that immediately on his
arrival at Madrid, he was appointed to command a brigade in the
third division of the army under the Marquis of Wellington, in
which he served until the end of the war with France, in 1814, and
was present at the battles of Vittoria, the Pyrenees, Nivelle and
Orthes; the action at Vic Bigorre, battle of Toulouse, besides
other minor actions. For his services he was promoted to the rank
of major-general on the 4th of June 1814, and was appointed a
Knight Commander of the Bath. The honors which Major-General Keane
had now acquired were the Egyptian Medal, and a cross and two
clasps for Martinique, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Orthes, and
Toulouse. In August 1814, he was appointed to a command ordered for
particular service, and on his arrival at Jamaica, being senior
officer, he assumed the command of the military force destined to
co-operate with Vice-Admiral the Honorable Sir Alexander Cochrane
for the attack on New Orleans and the province of Louisiana. On
the morning of the 23rd of December, Major-General Keane effected
a landing within nine miles of New Orleans, and the same night,
with only eighteen hundred bayonets on shore, repulsed a serious
attack of five thousand of the enemy, assisted by three large
armed vessels on their flank. He held the command until the 25th
of December, when Major-General Sir Edward Pakenham arrived, and
assumed the command of the entire army. Major-General Keane was
then appointed to the third brigade, and was present in the affairs
of the 28th of December and 1st of January, as also at the assault
made in the enemy's fortified lines on the morning of the 8th of
January 1815, when he was severely wounded in two places. Sir
John Keane afterwards passed eight years in Jamaica (from 1823 to
1831), as major-general commanding the forces in that island; and,
during a year and a half of the time, he administered the civil
government likewise. The colonelcy of the ninety-fourth regiment
was conferred upon him on the 18th of April 1829, and on the 22nd
of July 1830, he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general; on the
13th of April, 1831, he was appointed colonel of the sixty-eighth
regiment; and in the year 1833, he succeeded Lieut.-General Sir
Colin Halkett in the command of the army at Bombay: on the 6th of
April 1838, Lieut.-General Sir John Keane was appointed colonel
of the FORTY-SIXTH regiment. After nearly six years' service in
the Bombay presidency, on the 29th of October 1838, he received
authority from the government of India to organise and lead into
Scinde a force intended to co-operate with the army then on the
north-west frontier of India, under the command of General Sir
Henry Fane. In December following Sir Henry Fane forwarded his
resignation to head-quarters, and the command of the combined
forces devolved upon Sir John Keane, who was now called upon to
lead a considerable army, and to conduct operations requiring much
discretion, delicacy, and tact in dealing with those half-friendly
powers, whose existence is one of the greatest difficulties in the
government of a semi-civilized land. After penetrating the Bolan
Pass, the troops arrived on the 27th of April 1839 at Candahar,
from whence they proceeded to Ghuznee, which was captured by
their gallant exertions on the 23rd of July following. This
completed the conquest of Affghanistan; and Shah Shoojah-ool-Moolk,
after an exile of many years, was restored to the throne of his
ancestors. Lieut.-General Sir John Keane, K.C.B., was removed
from the FORTY-SIXTH to the forty-third regiment on the 1st of
August 1839. For his services during the expedition to Cabool,
Lieut.-General Sir John Keane was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of
the Most Honorable Military Order of the Bath, and on the 11th of
December, was raised to the peerage as Baron Keane, of Ghuznee in
Affghanistan, and of Cappoquin, county of Waterford, and obtained
a pension of two thousand pounds a-year for his own life and that
of his two immediate successors in the peerage, added to which he
received the thanks of both Houses of Parliament, of the Court of
Directors of the East India Company, and other marks of public
approbation. These honors were not long enjoyed by Lieut.-General
Lord Keane, who died in the sixty-fourth year of his age, at Burton
Lodge, Hampshire, on the 26th of August 1844.
JOHN ROSS, C.B.
_Appointed 1st of August, 1839._
LIEUT.-GENERAL ROSS commenced his military career as an ensign in
the thirty-sixth regiment, his commission being dated 2nd of June
1793; was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the fifty-second
regiment on the 8th of May 1796, and to that of captain on the 11th
of January 1800. Captain Ross served with the expedition against
Ferrol under Lieut.-General Sir James Pulteney in August following,
and was engaged with the enemy. On the 15th of August 1804, he was
promoted to the rank of major in the fifty-second regiment, and
obtained the rank of lieut.-colonel in the army on the 28th of
January 1808, and was promoted lieut.-colonel in the fifty-second
regiment on the 18th of February following. Lieut.-Colonel Ross
commanded the second battalion of the fifty-second regiment at
the battle of Vimiera, on the 21st of August 1808, for which he
received a medal; and also during the campaign in Spain under
Lieut.-General Sir John Moore, which ended by the battle of Corunna
on the 16th of January 1809. Lieut.-Colonel Ross in July following
commanded five companies of the fifty-second regiment, which
formed part of the force under Lieut.-General the Earl of Chatham,
employed in the expedition to the Scheldt. Lieut.-Colonel Ross
subsequently proceeded to the Peninsula, and commanded the first
battalion of the fifty-second at the actions of Pombal, Redinha,
Miranda de Corvo, Foz d'Arronce and Sabugal, and at the battle of
Fuentes d'Onor. On the 18th of July 1811, he was removed to the
sixty-sixth regiment, and in August following he was appointed
Deputy Adjutant-General to the forces in Ceylon, from whence he
returned to Europe in June 1814 for the benefit of his health; was
promoted to the brevet rank of colonel on the 4th of that month;
and was subsequently appointed Deputy Adjutant-General in Ireland.
In June 1815, he was nominated a Companion of the Order of the
Bath, and on the 12th of August 1819, Colonel Ross was appointed
Commandant of the Depôt at the Isle of Wight. On the 27th of May
1825, he was promoted to the rank of major-general, and on the 14th
of August 1828, was appointed Lieut.-Governor of Guernsey, which
he held until the 31st of March 1837. His Majesty King William IV.
appointed Major-General Ross to be colonel of the ninety-eighth
regiment on the 30th of May 1836; on the 28th of June 1838, he
was advanced to the rank of lieut.-general. In August 1839,
Lieut.-General Ross was removed to the FORTY-SIXTH regiment. The
decease of Lieut.-General Ross, C.B., occurred at Southampton on
the 17th of May 1843.
JOHN EARL OF STAIR, K.T.
_Appointed from the Ninety-second regiment on the 31st of May,
1843._
London: Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, For
Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
APPENDIX
BRITISH AND HANOVERIAN ARMY AT WATERLOO,
_as formed in Divisions and Brigades on the 18th of June, 1815_.
CAVALRY.
Commanded by Lieut.-General the EARL OF UXBRIDGE, G.C.B.
_1st Brigade._--Commanded by Major-General LORD EDWARD SOMERSET,
K.C.B.
1st Life Guards Lieut.-Colonel Ferrier.
2nd " " the Hon. E. P. Lygon.
Royal Horse Guards, Blue " Sir Robert Hill.
1st Dragoon Guards " Fuller (Colonel).
_2nd Brigade._--Major-General SIR WILLIAM PONSONBY, K.C.B.
1st or Royal Dragoons. Lieut.-Colonel A. B. Clifton.
2nd or Royal North British " J. J. Hamilton.
Dragoons
6th or Inniskilling Dragoons " J. Muter (Colonel).
_3rd Brigade._--Major-General W. B. DOMBERG.
23rd Light Dragoons Lieut.-Colonel the Earl of Portarlington
(Colonel).
1st " King's " J. Bulow.
German Legion
2nd " " " C. de Jonquiera.
_4th Brigade._--Major-General SIR JOHN O. VANDELEUR, K.C.B.
11th Light Dragoons Lieut.-Colonel J. W. Sleigh.
12th " " the Honorable F. C.
Ponsonby (Colonel).
16th " " J. Hay.
_5th Brigade._--Major-General SIR COLQUHOUN GRANT, K.C.B.
7th Hussars Colonel Sir Edward Kerrison.
15th " Lieut.-Colonel L. C. Dalrymple.
2nd " King's German Legion. " Linsingen.
_6th Brigade._--Major-General SIR HUSSEY VIVIAN, K.C.B.
10th Royal Hussars. Lieut.-Colonel Quentin (Colonel).
18th Hussars. " _Hon._ H. Murray.
1st " King's German Legion. " A. Wissell.
_7th Brigade._--Colonel SIR FREDERICK ARENSCHILDT, K.C.B.
13th Light Dragoons. Lieut.-Colonel Doherty.
3rd Hussars King's German " Meyer.
Legion.
Colonel ESTORFF.
Prince Regent's Hussars. Lieut.-Colonel Kielmansegge.
Bremen and Verden Hussars. Colonel Busche.
INFANTRY.
FIRST DIVISION.--Major-General G. COOKE.
_1st Brigade._--Major-General P. MAITLAND.
1st Foot Guards, 2nd Batt. Major H. Askew (Colonel).
" 3rd " " the Honorable W. Stewart
(Colonel).
_2nd Brigade._--Major-General J. BYNG.
Coldstream Guards, 2nd Batt. Major A. G. Woodford (Colonel).
3rd Foot Guards, " " F. Hepburn (Colonel).
SECOND DIVISION.--Lieut.-General SIR H. CLINTON, G.C.B.
_3rd Brigade._--Major-General F. ADAM.
52nd Foot, 1st Batt. Lieut.-Colonel Sir John Colborne,
K.C.B. (Colonel).
71st " " " T. Reynell (Col.)
95th " 2nd " } Rifles. Major J. Ross (Lieut.-Colonel).
95th " 3rd " } Major A. G. Norcott (Lieut.-Col.)
_1st Brigade, King's German Legion._--Colonel DU PLAT.
1st Line Batt., King's Major W. Robertson.
German Legion.
2nd " " " G. Muller.
3rd " " Lieut.-Colonel F. de Wissell
4th " " Major F. Reh.
_3rd Hanoverian Brigade._--Colonel HUGH HALKETT.
Militia Batt. Bremervorde. Lieut.-Colonel Schulenberg.
Duke of York's 2nd Batt. Major Count Munster.
" 3rd " " Baron Hunefeld.
Militia Batt. Salzgitter. " Hammerstein.
THIRD DIVISION.--Lieut.-General Baron ALTEN.
_5th Brigade._--Major-General SIR COLIN HALKETT, K.C.B.
30th Foot, 2nd Batt. Major W. Bailey (Lieut.-Colonel).
33rd " Lieut.-Colonel W. K. Elphinstone.
69th " 2nd Batt. " C. Morice (Col.)
73rd " 2nd Batt. " W. G. Harris (Colonel).
_2nd Brigade._--King's German Legion.--Colonel BARON OMPTEDA.