PAPER, CLOTH AND CARDBOARD CONSTRUCTION.
A CHILD'S PICTURE BOOK.
_Materials:_ Pink, blue or yellow paper cambric 27 inches; coarse
thread; coarse needle; bright, pretty pictures which the children have
cut from papers, magazines, cards, etc.; paste.
Fold the cloth through the center with the warp and cut on the fold.
Fold both strips into three equal pieces with the woof, and cut. Fold
each piece through the center parallel to the selvedge. Place two
pieces together and pin at the fold, and "pink" through the four
thicknesses, around the edges with a "pinking iron." Do the same with
the other pieces. When finished place them all together and stitch at
the fold at follows:
1. Mark three holes on the fold with the needle,
one in the middle and one two inches above it, and
another two inches below it.
2. Tie a large knot two inches from the end of the
thread.
3. Insert the needle at the lowest hole, from the
inside, and draw it through leaving two inches of
the thread to tie.
4. Pass over the middle hole and down through the
upper one, out through the middle hole on one side
of the long thread, and back through the same hole
on the other side of the thread, and tie the two
ends of the thread together.
Paste a pretty card or large picture on the outside for the cover. Page
the book with neat figures and write the name of the child for whom the
book is designed on the inside of the cover. Arrange and paste in the
pictures neatly.
A BOX WITH COVER.
_Materials:_ Cardboard for foundation 9" x 9"; cover 7" x 7"; colored
paper for covering; strips of cloth or glue-tape for staying corners;
glue. Use tooth-picks in applying the glue.
[Illustration: NO. 1 AND NO. 2--ONE-PIECE BOXES.
NO. 3.--TWO-PIECE BOX. BOX AND COVER ALIKE.]
[Illustration: GROUP OF BOXES.]
Find the center of the card by drawing both diagonals. Measure two and
one-half inches from the center toward the sides. Draw straight lines
passing through these points connecting opposite edges, thus forming a
five-inch square in the center. Cut out the corners on these lines. Hold
the edge of a ruler firmly to the lines of the square and bend the
cardboard. Fold the strip of cloth or tape through the center and put
the glue on this, using very little, and taking care to keep it back
from the edge. Cover the corners with the cloth. Cut a strip of the
colored paper twenty-one inches by two and three-fourth inches. Put a
very little glue on the outside of the box and cover with the colored
paper. Turn over the edges and glue them down. Follow the same
directions for making the cover, measuring two and five-eighth inches
from the center of the seven-inch square of cardboard. Cover the sides
and top with the colored paper, the strip for the sides being twenty-two
inches by one and one-half inches, and the top a five-inch square. This
box can be made in any size or shape, the same general plan being
followed.
A BLANK BOOK WITH PAPER COVER RE-INFORCED WITH CLOTH.
_Materials:_ Strong felt paper 9" x 10"; book cloth for back 10" x
3-1/4", for corners 4 pieces 2" x 1-3/4"; lining paper for covers, 2
sheets 4-1/4" x 9-1/2"; number of sheets of paper desired for the book
8-1/2" x 9-1/2"; coarse thread; coarse needle; glue. Use tooth-picks in
applying the glue.
Draw a line on the felt paper through the middle the long way and fold
on the line. Measure on the outside one and one-fourth inches from the
corners along both edges, and place points. Connect these points with
straight lines. Place the long edge of the cloth corner to this line,
and fold it over the corner and crease. Remove and trim it even before
gluing on. Put the glue always on the cloth and use as little as
possible. Crease the strip of book-cloth for the back, through the
center, but do not glue in place until after the leaves are sewed in.
Fold the sheets of paper through the center of the book. Follow the same
directions for sewing the leaves together as given in the description of
"A Child's Picture Book," page 101. Finish by gluing the paper lining on
the inside of the cover and the strip of book-cloth down the back.
[Illustration: A BLANK BOOK.]
This book could be made any size or shape, and decorated as desired.
A FOLDING ENVELOPE CASE FOR PAPERS.
_Materials:_ Strong felt paper, or its substitute; (a sheet 20" x 30"
cut through the center the short way will make two cases. If two
harmonious colors be selected, the corners cut from one case can be
used to decorate another); book cloth in one-inch strips for binding;
glue. Use tooth-picks in applying the glue.
[Illustration: BACK AND FRONT VIEWS OF A FOLDING ENVELOPE CASE FOR
PAPERS.]
On the wrong side, find the center of the paper twenty inches by fifteen
inches by drawing both diagonals. Measure four and one-fourth inches
from the center toward the sides. Draw straight lines passing through
these points connecting opposite sides, thus forming an eight-and-a-half
inch square in the center. Cut out the four corners on these lines. Fold
in the four sides on the lines of the square. A strap, which will fasten
the case by slipping through a slit cut in the opposite side, is to be
made on one of the long flaps as follows:
Place a point at the middle on the edge of the
flap, and measure an inch along the edge on both
sides of this point. Measure down two inches from
these last points and place dots. Connect these
dots by straight lines with the top and sides. Cut
the corners out on these lines. Trim the end of
the strap to a point beginning one-half inch from
the corners and cutting to the center point.
It is necessary to trim the edges of the flaps that there may be no
difficulty in folding one over another. Measure one-half inch from the
corners of the flaps and connect this point with the corner of the
square, and cut on these lines. Fold the half-inch strip of book-cloth
through the center; place the glue on the cloth and glue it for a
binding around the raw edges of the case. Finish the corners of the
binding with the square or mitered corner. Fold the fastening strap over
the opposite side, and place a point at the corners to locate the place
where the slit is to be cut. Connect these two points by a straight line
and draw another parallel to, and three-fourths of an inch from it. Cut
on these lines with a knife. This slit must be strengthened by the
book-cloth. Cut a piece two and three-fourths inches by one and
one-fourth inches and glue over the strip on the wrong side; clip the
edges at the ends of the slit, and bring through to the right side, and
glue them down. The piece for the covering of the right side may be cut
the exact width of the slit, and the ends cut in some fancy shape. This
may be cut from the cloth, or the paper used in the design. The front of
the case can be decorated as desired. Very beautiful effects can be
obtained by cutting out the design from paper that harmonizes in color
and gluing it on. This makes a very useful case for holding school
papers, and if neatly and carefully done, is an excellent exercise.
CLIPPING CASE.
_Materials:_ 4 envelopes, 4-1/8" x 9-1/2"; 4 strips of book-cloth 9-1/2"
x 1"; 1 strip of book-cloth 10" x 3-1/2"; 4 pieces of book-cloth 2" x
1-1/4"; heavy felt paper 9" x 10"; 2 sheets lining paper 4-1/4" x
9-1/2"; glue. Put the glue on the _cloth_ each time with tooth-picks.
[Illustration: CLIPPING CASE.]
Follow the directions for making the cover of the "Blank Book with Paper
Cover Re-inforced with Cloth," page 104. The envelopes take the place of
the sheets of paper and are fastened in place as follows:
1. On the back and front of the envelopes draw a
line parallel to and one-half inch from the
bottom.
2. Fold a strip of book-cloth one inch by nine and
one-half inches through the center the long way.
3. Glue one-half of this folded strip to the
half-inch below the line on the back of one
envelope and the other half to the half-inch below
the line on the front of another envelope.
Continue thus until the four envelopes are
fastened together.
4. Glue half of a strip of the cloth to the front
of the first envelope and the other half to the
front of the cover to hold in the desired
position. Do the same at the back.
5. Glue in the lining papers on the covers.
The outside may be decorated as desired.
A POSTAL CARD ALBUM.
_Materials:_ Paper for leaves of book; pulp board in three pieces, 5" x
8", 5" x 6-3/4", 5" x 1"; book-cloth in two pieces 6" x 9"; lining paper
in two pieces 4-3/4" x 7-3/4"; glue; eyelet punch and eyelets.
[Illustration: TWO VIEWS OF A POST CARD ALBUM--CLOSED AND OPEN.]
To be of value the work in this exercise must be exact, with
measurements perfectly accurate. The glue is to be used sparingly and
spread upon the cloth and not on the pulp board.
Draw on the book-cloth an oblong five by eight inches, which will leave
a margin of one-half inch. Put the glue on the cloth and place the pulp
board five by eight inches over the oblong. Turn over the edges and
finish. Glue the lining paper in place. Place under weight as soon as
finished. The front cover is made the same with the exception of a joint
in the pulp board. Draw on the second piece of book-cloth an oblong
five by eight inches. Draw a line one inch from and parallel to one end
of the oblong. Draw a second line one-fourth of an inch from this.
Spread the glue on the cloth and place the two pieces of pulp board on
the oblong with a quarter-inch space between them, and proceed as
before. Both covers can be made with the joint if desired. Punch with
the eyelet tool two holes in each cover three inches apart and one-half
inch from the edge, and put in the eyelets. _Take care that these holes
are directly opposite._ Cut the paper for the book into sheets four and
one-half by seven and three-fourths inches (or four and one-half by
fifteen and one-half inches), and fold. Punch the eyelets _exactly even_
with those in the cover. Place a postal-card three and one-half by five
and one-half inches on the sheets with a half-inch margin at top, bottom
and end, and make two points on each of the four sides, one one-half
inch from the corner, and the other one inch. Connect corresponding
points by slant lines and cut with a knife on these lines. The outside
cover can be decorated in any way desired. This style of cover can be
used for a book of any size or shape.
PICTURE FRAMING.
Select a mount of the proper color for the picture to be used, and
passepartout paper to harmonize. Cut to the desired size and shape. Cut
a piece of cardboard to the same size. Have a glass cut to the size of
the mount, also a mat for the picture, if desired. Place the picture in
position on the mount, and draw guide lines to aid in pasting the
picture in place. Put the two rings used for the purpose of hanging the
picture, into the cardboard back before putting the parts together. The
rings should be placed exactly even, measuring down from the top about
one-third of the width of the picture, and in at the sides one inch.
Clean the glass carefully, and place it over the picture. Between the
cardboard back and the picture place two or three layers of newspaper.
Be sure that the back is placed with the rings toward the top. Tie all
together very tightly with a strong cord, passing the cord only around
one way of the picture. Cut the passepartout paper the length of the
picture and crease it over the edges. Moisten the paper and stick it
first to the glass and then draw it firmly over the edge and down on
the cardboard back. It is necessary _to work rapidly after the paper is
moistened_. Finish the other edge in the same manner. Before removing
the cord, tie another around the other way. Finish the two ends in the
same manner as the sides, with the exception of the corners. Cut the
passe-partout paper an inch longer than the side to be covered, and do
not fasten down quite to the corner. Trim for a mitered corner on the
glass side and cut a narrow strip the thickness of the glass, and stick
it down along the other edge. Tie a cord into the rings for hanging.
[Illustration]
A FOUR SIDED, COLLAPSIBLE CANDLE OR LAMP SHADE.
_Materials:_ Cardboard; book-cloth or Japanese tissue paper;
passe-partout paper.
Cut a pattern of one section of the shade in the form of a trapezoid
having the longer parallel five and seven-eighth inches, the shorter
parallel one and three-eighth inches and the altitude four and one-half
inches. Candle shadeholders are uniform in size being six and one-half
inches in circumference. To fit this circular holder, the shade may be
rounded out at the top, although it can be used with the straight edge.
Cut a strip of cardboard five inches wide, and from this cut the four
sides of the shade.
The decoration of the shade may be varied greatly. The design may be
drawn upon the back of the cardboard and cut out the same as a stencil,
care being taken that the proper bridges are in place. The book-cloth is
then pasted on the back. If the cardboard is intended as a framework
only, construct a second trapezoid one-half inch inside the other, and
cut on the lines. The possibilities for decoration are limitless. A
design may be stenciled, embroidered, or worked with any of the fancy
stitches upon any thin material through which the light will shine, and
then pasted over the back of the frame-work. Fancy silks are also very
effective.
When the sections are finished, fasten them together with the
passe-partout paper. Lay them all face downward with the sides to be
joined placed as closely together as possible, and stick the moistened
paper over adjoining edges. Book-cloth or any firm material can be used
instead of the passe-partout paper.
[Illustration]