Lottery Chances and Mischances--An American Cigarette-Making
Machine and its Fate--Closing up Business--How the
Foreigner Feels Toward Life in Manila--Why the English
and Germans Return--Restlessness among the Natives--Their
Persecution--Departure and Farewell.
August 25th.
I lost $80,000 yesterday. Perhaps I have spoken of lottery tickets,
but have failed to say what an important institution in Manila the
"Lotería Nacional" really is. Drawings come each month over in the
Lottery Building in Old Manila, and everybody is invited to inspect the
fairness with which the prize-balls drop out of one revolving cylinder
like a peanut-roaster while the ticket-number balls slide out of the
other. The Government runs the lottery to provide itself with revenue,
and starts off by putting twenty-five per cent. of the value of the
ticket-issue into its own coffers. If all the tickets are not sold,
the Lotería Nacional keeps the balance for itself and promptly pockets
whatever prizes those tickets draw. Lottery tickets are everywhere,
in every window, and urchins of all sizes and genders moon about the
streets selling little twentieths to such as haven't the ten dollars to
buy a whole one. Guests at dinner play cards for lottery tickets paid
for by the losers, Englishmen bet lottery tickets that the Esmeralda
won't bring the mail from home, and natives dream of lucky numbers,
to go searching all over town for the pieces that bear the figures
of their visions.
Four months ago I got reckless enough to plank $10 on the counter of
the little shop, which, at the corner of the Escolta and the Puente de
España, is said to dispense the largest number of winning tickets, and
became the owner of number 1700. It sounded too even, too commonplace,
to be lucky, but as it was considered unlucky to change a ticket
once handed you, I trudged off and locked the paper in the safe. The
drawing came, and 1700 drew $100. Fortune seemed bound my way, so I
made arrangements (as so many buyers of lucky tickets do) to keep 1700
every month. My name was put in the paper as holding 1700, and for
three long months I remembered to send my servant to the Government
office ten days before the drawing, for the ticket reserved in my
name. But for three drawings it never tempted fortune. Last week I
forgot lottery and everything else in our further straggle with a new
piece of American machinery which was being introduced for the first
time to Manila, and woke up to-day to find it the occasion of the
drawing. My ticket--uncalled for--had been sold. At noon I walked by
the little tienda whose proprietor had first given me the fatal number,
to see him perched up on a step-ladder, posting up the big prizes,
as fast as they came to his wife by telephone. The space opposite the
first prize of $80,000 was empty. His wife handed him a paper. Into
the grooves he slid a figure 1, then a 7, and then two ciphers. Ye
gods--my ticket! The capital prize--not mine! $80,000 lost because I
forgot--and to think that the whole sum would have been paid in hard,
jingling coin, for which I should have had to send a dray or two! But
I am not quite so inconsolable as my friends the two Englishmen, who
kept their ticket for two years, and at last, discouraged, sold it,
Christmas-eve, to a native clerk, only to wake up next day and find
it had drawn $100,000. They have never been the same since. Nor have I.
And the machine that caused all the trouble--another whim of our rich
friend, the owner of the fire-engine, who saw from the catalogues
on our office table that American cigarette-machines could turn
out 125,000 pieces a day against some 60,000, the capacity of the
French mechanisms, which were in use in all the great factories in
Manila. He wanted one for his friend that ran the little tobacco-mill
up in a back street, for whom he furnished the capital. If it worked,
he was in the market for two dozen more, and vowed to knock spots
out of the big Compañía General and Fábrica Insular.
Out came our machine some weeks ago, and with it two skilled machinists
to make it work. The big companies pricked up their ears and appeared
clearly averse to seeing an American article introduced, which should
outclass the French machines for which they had contracted.
One morning the two machinists came to our office and handed us an
anonymous note which had been thrust under the door of their room at
the Hotel Oriente:
"Stop your work--it will be better for you."
It was perhaps not diplomatic, but we told them the story of the
two Protestant missionaries who some years before came to Manila
and attempted to preach their doctrines in the face of Catholic
disapproval. One morning they found a piece of paper beneath their
door in the same hotel, reading:
"You are warned to desist your preaching."
Paying no attention to the warning, they woke up two sunrises later
on to find another note beneath the door:
"Stop your work and leave the city, or take the consequences."
Still they heeded not; and a third paper under the door, some days
later, read:
"For the last time you are warned to leave. Heed this and beware of
neglect to do so."
But, like Christian soldiers, they were only the more zealous in
their work.
In two days more they were found dead in their rooms--poisoned.
Our friends, the engineers, were not soothed by a relation of these
facts, but kept on with their work. In three days they, too, got a
second warning:
"Leave your work and go away by the first steamer."
Things began to look serious, and the more timid mechanic of the two
could hardly be restrained from buying a ticket to Hong Kong.
When, however, in two more days, a third piece of yellow paper was
slipped into their rooms, bearing the pencilled words, "For the last
time you are told to take the next steamer," the matter assumed such
proportions that we arranged to have them see the Archbishop, whose
knowledge is far-reaching and whose power complete. The letters were
suddenly stopped and the work on the machine carried to a successful
completion.
Then came the day of trial, and invitations were extended to
interested persons to view the operation. The machine was started,
and the cigarettes began to sizzle out at the rate of nearly two
hundred to the minute. But scarcely had the run begun before there
was a sudden jar, several of the important parts gave way, and the
machine was a wreck. It had been tampered with, and it was evident
that the instigators of the anonymous letters had taken this more
effective means of stopping competition.
The parts could not be made in Manila; America was far away, and our
two machinists have just gone home in disgust.
Is it a wonder that I forgot the lottery drawing?
Somehow there are currents of trouble in the air, and some of the
old residents say they wouldn't be surprised to see the outbreak of
a revolution among the natives. Peculiar night-fires have been seen
now for some time, burning high up on the mountain-sides and suddenly
going out. There seems to be some anti-American sentiment among the
powers that be, and only last week matters came to a crisis by the
Government putting an embargo on the business of one of the largest
houses here, in which an American is a partner. Smuggled silk was
discovered coming ashore at night, supposedly from the Esmeralda, and
as that steamer was consigned to the firm in question, the authorities
demanded payment of a fine of $30,000. Our friends refused, the
officials closed the doors of their counting-room, our consul cabled
to Japan for war-ships again, the Governor-General read the telegram,
hasty summons were given to the parties concerned, heated arguments
followed, and the matter was finally smoothed over on the surface.
But there seems to be a distinct feeling against us, and we have
been instructed from home to prepare to leave--making arrangements
to turn our business into the hands of an English firm, who will act
as agents after our departure.
September 20th.
The cable has come, and we hope by next month to leave this land of
intrigue and iniquity. It has treated me well, but complications are
daily appearing in the business world, and if we get away without
suddenly being dragged into some civil dispute it will be delightful.
I am glad to have been here these two years nearly, but it is time to
thicken up one's blood again in cooler climes, and I feel these fair
islands are no place for the permanent residence of an American. We
seem to be like fish out of water here in the Far East, and as few
in numbers. The Englishman and the German are everywhere, and why
shouldn't they be? Their home-roosts are too small for them to perch
upon, and they are born with the instinct to fly from their nests to
some foreign land. But, America is so big that we ought not to feel
called upon to swelter in the tropics amid the fevers and the ferns,
and I, for one, am content to "keep off the grass" of these distant
foreign colonies.
The Englishman or German comes out here on a five-years' contract,
and generally runs up a debit balance the first year that keeps him
busy economizing the other four. At the end of his first season, he
wishes he were at home. At the end of the second, he has exhausted
all the novelties of the new situation. At the close of the third,
he has settled down to humdrum life. At the end of the fourth, he has
become completely divorced from home habits and modern ideals. And
at the close of the fifth, he goes home a true Filipino, though
thinking all the while he is glad to get away. He says he is never
coming back, but wiser heads know better. He has heard about America,
and goes home via the States, to see Niagara and New York. But his
first laundry-bill in San Francisco so scatters those depreciated
silver "Mexicans," which have lost half their value in being turned
into gold, that he takes the fast express to the Atlantic coast, and
leaves our shores by the first steamer. At home, his friends have all
got married or had appendicitis, and the bustle of London, the raw
rain-storms of the cold weather and the conventionality of life all
bring up memories of the Philippines, which now seem to lie off there
in the China Sea surrounded by a halo. And so, before a year is out, he
renews his contract, and at the end of a twelvemonth goes sailing back
Manilaward to take up the careless life where he left it, and grow old
in the Escolta or the Luneta. In London he paid his penny and took the
'bus, he lived in a dingy room, and packed his own bag. But in Manila,
with no more outlay, he owns his horse and carriage, he lives in a
spacious bungalow with many rooms, and he lets his servants wait on
him by inches. How do I know? Oh, because we've talked it all over,
now that our turn for departure comes next.
The whisperings of a restlessness among the natives continue, and it is
hard to see why indeed they do not rise up against their persecutors,
the tax-gatherers and the guardia civil. Ten per cent. of their
average earnings have to go to pay their poll-taxes, and if they
cannot produce the receipted bills from their very pockets on any
avenue or street-corner, to the challenge of the veterana, they
are hustled off to the cuartel, and you are minus your dinner or
your coachman. Once in the hands of the law, they are then drafted
into the native regiments for operations against those old enemies,
the Moros, in the fever-stricken districts of Mindanao, and their
wives or families are left to swallow Spanish reglamientos. They
have not forgotten their brothers, who, dragged down from the north,
went to the bottom in the typhoon which pushed the Gravina down. They
have not forgotten the execution in the public square. They remember
that the Spaniards address them with the servile pronoun "tu," not
"usted," and some day they may remember not to forget. They are not
quarrelsome, but they are treacherous; they are not fighters, but
when they run amuck they kill right and left. They do not seem to have
many wants save to be left alone, to be able to shake a cocoanut from
the palm for their morning's meal, or to collect the shakings from a
thousand trees and ship them to Manila; to collect the few strands
of fibre to sew the nipa thatch to the frame of their bamboo roof,
or to gather enough to fill a schooner for the capital; in fact,
to be able to work or not to work, and to know that the results of
their labor are to be theirs, not somebody else's.
But what has all this got to do with our hegira? These last days
have been replete with the labors attendant on breaking camp before
the long march. Clearings out of furniture, selling one's ponies and
carriages, closing up of books, shipping of one's cases and curios on
those hemp-ships that are to start on the long 20,000-mile voyage to
Boston, and trying to think of the things that have been left undone,
or ought to be done, have all gone to make the season a busy one.
Now that it has come down to actually leaving Manila, I begin to
feel the home sickness that comes from tearing one's self away from
the midst of friends and a congenial life. I shall miss the hearty
Englishmen with whom I rowed or played tennis or went into the
country. I shall miss the servants who got so little for making life
the easier. I shall miss the ponies, the dogs with the black tongues,
and the cats with the crooks in their tails; the big fire-engine
which we used to run, and which has now been varnished over to save
trouble in cleaning; the Luneta, with its soft breezes and good music;
the walks out on to the long breakwater to see the sunset, and the
hobnobbing with the old salts from the ships in the bay, who called
our office the little American oasis in the midst of a great desert of
foreign houses. But the clock has struck, and the Esmeralda ought early
next month to start us on the forty-day voyage back to God's country.
October 22d.
Is this sleep, or not sleep? Is it reality or fancy? Am I laboring
under a hallucination, a weird phantasmagoria, or are my powers
of appreciation, my efferent nerve-centres and their connecting
links, my sum total of receptive faculties, doing their duty? I feel
hypnotized. I kick myself to see if this is real, and am only led to
conclude it is by looking into my sewing-kit, where the needles are
rusty, the thread gone, and the depleted stock of suspender-buttons
wrongly shoved into the partition labelled "piping-cord." I never
did know what piping-cord was. My socks are holy, my handkerchiefs
have burst in tears, and my lingerie in general looks as if it had
been used for a Chinese ensign on one of the ships that fought in
the naval battle of the Yalu. For two years those garments have held
together under the peculiar processes of Philippine laundering, but
now that barbarians have once more got hold of them and subjected them
to modern treatment, they recognize the enemy and go to pieces. And so
the condition of my clothes leads me to believe I am awake, although
everything else suggests the dream.
Actually away from Manila, actually eating food that is food once
more, actually sleeping on springs and mattresses, putting on heavier
clothes, talking the English language, meeting civilized people, and
realizing what it means to be homeward bound! It seems unreal after
those two years of Manila life that was so different, so divorced
from the busy life of the western world; much more unreal than did
the new Philippine environment appear two years ago, after jumping
into it fresh from God's country, as the Captain called it.
Here we are, eight days out from Manila, steaming up through that
far-famed inland sea of Japan, on the good ship Coptic, bound for San
Francisco; and for the life of me those twenty-four moons just passed
all seem to huddle into yesterday. Surely it was only the day before
that the China was taking me and my trunks the other way. And so it
takes but eight short days of new experiences, new food, new air,
to efface completely the effect of seven hundred yesterdays in the
Philippines. Those whole seven hundred seem now as but one, and when
I think of all the housekeeping, the bookkeeping, the hemp-pressing,
and the cheerful putting up with all sorts of things, they all seem
to be playing leapfrog with each other in the dream of a night,
and I wake up to find the pines of Japan lending a certain cordial
to the air that is very grateful. We never knew what we were missing
in Manila in the slight matter of eating alone until we got over to
Hong Kong again, and it is perhaps just as well we didn't. To think
of the "dead hen," as they call it, and rice, the daily couple of
eggs, the fried potatoes, and the banana-fritters on which we have
tried to fatten our frames, and then look at the bill of fare on the
Coptic! We exiles from Manila have gained over five pounds in these
eight days, and would almost go through another two years in the
haunts of heathendom for the sake of again living through a sundry
few days like the past eight, in which the inner man wakes up to
see his opportunities, and makes up for lost time on soups that are
not all rice and water, on fish that is not fishy, on chickens that
are not boiled almost alive, on roasts that taste not of garlic,
on vegetables that are something more than potatoes, on butter that
is not axle-grease, and on puddings and pies that are not made of
chopped blotting paper and flavored with pomatum sauces.
An exuberance of spirit must be forgiven, for so welcome is the change
from the old cultivated Manila contentment that the present burst of
native enthusiasm is but natural. Not that I am playing false to the
Malay capital--for let it be said that when once you have forgotten
the good things at home the articles which that Pearl of the Orient
had to furnish went well enough indeed--but that after schooling one's
taste to things of low degree it is peculiarly melodramatic to return
to things of high estate.
Our send-off from Manila on the 14th was as gay as the sad occasion
could warrant, and several launch-loads of the "bosses and the boys"
worried out to bid us a last adios. The Esmeralda was to have the honor
of taking us away from the place to which she had brought us, and I
was thoroughly prepared to go through the interesting process that was
needed finally to straighten me out after the peculiar twisting which
the voyage from Manila to Hong Kong had given me two years before.
The sunset over the mountains at the mouth of the bay was eminently
fitting in its concluding ceremonies, and it seemed to do its best
for us on this last evening in the Philippines. The many ships in
the fleet lay quietly swinging at their anchors. The breeze from the
early northeast monsoon blew gently off the shore, and Manila never
looked fairer than she did on that evening, with her white churches
and towers backed up against the tall blue velvet mountains, and her
whole long low-lying length lifted, as it were, into mid-air by the
smooth sea-mirror between us and the shore.
Captain Tayler was as jovial and entertaining as ever, and the colony
had no reason to regret being participators in the farewell. We
well realized that our departure was an epoch in the life of the
little Anglo-Saxon colony, and in a city where important events are
registered as occurring "just after Smith arrived" or "just before
Jones went away," it was essential to give the occasion weight enough
to carry it down into the weeks succeeding our departure.
Our native servants came off with the bags and baggage and seemed to
show as much feeling as they had ever exhibited in the receipt of a
Christmas present or a box on the ear. And some of our old Chinese
friends, from whom we bought bales and bales of hemp in the days gone
by, came too, bringing with them presents of silk and tea. Everybody
looked sad and thirsty, and made frequent pilgrimages to the saloon
in quest of the usual good-by stimulant.
The Esmeralda panted to get away, and we had our last words with the
motley little assemblage. We were seeing Manila and the most of them
for the last time, and I confess both they and the shore often looked
gurgled up in the blur that somehow formed in our eyes.
The sun sank below the horizon; the swift darkness that in the tropics
hurries after it, brought the electric lights' twinkling gleam out
on the Luneta and the long Malecon road running along in front of
the old city, from the promenade to the river. The revolving light
on the breakwater cast a red streak over the river. The white eye
on Corregidor, far away, blinked as the night began, and, just as
the warning of "all ashore" was sounded, the faint strains of the
artillery band playing on the Luneta floated out on the breeze over
the sleepy waters of the Bay.
Our friends clambered aboard the launch, the customs officers took
a last taste of the refreshment that Captain Tayler gives them to
make them genial, the anchor was hoisted, and, with cheers from the
tug and the screeching of launch-whistles, the Esmeralda put to sea,
bearing with her, in us two, half the American colony in Manila and
the only American firm in the Philippines.