Determine stem in each of the following words and affix the
above case-ending. Note changes in the accent and the reasons
therefor. ἄρτος, στόλος, λόγος, υἱός, ἄνθρωπος, ἱερόν; σοφός,
σοφόν; αὐτός, οὔτος.
Translate and construe:
1. λέγει (says) αὐτῷ ὁ Φίλιππος.
2. ἐν τῷ τοῦ Κρόνου ἱερῷ.
3. καλεῖται (is called) οὗτος ὁ τόπος βίος.
4. περίβολος ἦν (was), ἐν αὐτῷ ἒχων (having, = with)
ἑτέρους περιβόλους δύο.
5. οὗτοι οἱ λόγοι πιστοὶ καὶ ἀληθινοί.
4. The a– declension (stems end in —a—).
Sing. Dual Plural
Fem. Mas. Fem. and Mas. Mas. and Mas.
Nom. —α, —η —ας, —ης —ᾱ —αι
Gen. —ᾱς, —ης —ου, —ου —αιν —ῶν
Dat. —ᾳ, —ῃ —ᾳ, —ῃ —αιν —αις
Acc. —αν, —ην —αν, —ην —ᾱ —ᾱς
Voc. —α, —η —α, —α —ᾱ —αι
(1) Feminine nouns in the Nom. Sing. end in –ᾰ, –ᾱ,
or –η; mas. nouns, in –ας or –ης.
(2) In the gen. sing., mas. nouns end in –ου.
(3) Except in the genitive, final –α in the sing. is short
when not preceded by ε, ι, or ρ, otherwise long.
(4) If in the mas. the –ος is preceded by ε, ι, or ρ,
(note 3), the fem. sing. nom. ends in –ᾱ, otherwise in –η.
Bt. 76; Gl. 66; Gn. 171; H.A. 132-3.