Gracchi, oratory of the, ii. 113.
Hirtius, his continuation of Cæsar’s Commentaries, ii. 105.
History, Roman, uncertainty of, ii. 57–67.
Hortensius, his luxury and magnificence, ii. 124.
His villas at Tusculum, Bauli, and Laurentum, 124, 125.
Character of his eloquence, 127.
His descendants, 130, Note.
Jurisconsults, Roman, account of, ii. 138.
Laberius, i. 328.
Lælius, his oratory compared with that of Scipio, ii. 111.
Latin Language, its origin, i. 32.
Its changes, 48.
Laws, Roman, ii. 133–138.
Leges Regiæ, ii. 133.
Livius Andronicus, i. 54–58.
Lucceius, his History of the Social War, ii. 107.
Lucilius, i. 238–248.
Lucretius, i. 250–271.
Lucullus, his patronage of learning, ii. 51.
Luscius Lavinius, i. 171.
Magna Græcia, its settlements, i. 50.
Mimes, their origin and subjects, i. 324.
Nævius, i. 58–62.
Pacuvius, i. 209.
Plautus, i. 96–168.
Philosophy, Greek, introduction of, at Rome, ii. 209.
Plebiscita, account of the, ii. 136.
Prætor, account of the office of, ii. 141.
Publius Syrus, i. 332.
Quadrigarius, Claudius, Latin Annalist, ii. 73.
Sallust, his character, ii. 82.
His Gardens, ibid.
His conspiracy of Catiline, and Jugurthine war, 84–88.
His Roman History, 92.
Satire, Roman, origin of, i. 232.
Senatusconsultum, what, ii. 137.
Sisenna, Roman Annalist, ii. 75.
Sulpicius, his worthless character, ii. 121.
His style of oratory, 122.
Sylla, his library, ii. 50.
His Memoirs of his Life, 77.
His character, 78.
Terence, i. 175–206.
Compared with Plautus, 206.
Theatre, Roman, its construction, i. 337–353.
Tyrannio, his library, ii. 52.
Trabea, i. 173.
Varro, his farms and villas, ii. 25.
His work on Agriculture, 28–34.
De Lingua Latina, 34.
Other works of Varro, 40.
FOOTNOTES
1 Mad. de Staël, _De la Litterature_, Tom. I.
_ 2 Rasselas_.
_ 3 Childe Harolde_, c. IV.
_ 4 Vindiciæ Gallicæ_.
_ 5 Vindiciæ Gallicæ_.
_ 6 Rasselas_.
7 Boswell’s _Life of Johnson_, Vol. IV.
_ 8 Civil and Constitutional History of Rome, from its Foundation to
the Age of Augustus_, by Henry Bankes, Esq. M. P. ed. London, 1818,
2 vol. 8vo.
_ 9 Voyage de Polyclete_, Lettre 2. 3 Tom. Paris, 1820.
_ 10 Herod. Clio._ c. 94.
_ 11 Herculanensia_, Dissert. V. Lond. 1810.
_ 12 Geograph._ Lib. V. c. 2.
_ 13 Histor. Roman._ Lib. I. c. 1.
_ 14 Quæstiones Romanæ_.
_ 15 Annal._ Lib. IV. c. 55.
_ 16 Antiquitates Romanæ_. Lib. I. p. 22. Ed. Sylburg, 1586.
_ 17 Antiquitates Romanæ_. Lib. I. p. 22, &c.
_ 18 De Etruria Regali_. Lib. I. Ed. Florent. 1723. 2 tom. fol.
_ 19 Geographia Sacra_, De Coloniis Phœnicum. Lib. I. tom. I. p. 582,
&c. _Oper._ Lugd. Bat. 1712.
_ 20 Miscellaneous Works_, Vol. IV. p. 184. Ed. 8vo. 1814.
21 Micali, _L’Italia avanti il Dominio dei Romani_. Ed. Firenz. 1810.
Bossi, _Istoria d’Italia_. Ed. 1819.
_ 22 Museum Etruscum_.
_ 23 Origin and Progress of Language_, vol. V. book i. c. 3. See also
Swinton, _De Lingua Etruriæ Vernacula_.
24 At the end of his Dissertation he alludes to a future work, in which
he is to settle the particular district and time of the Etruscan
emigration; but I do not know whether or not he ever accomplished
this undertaking.
25 “Confesso ingenuamente,” says the author, “che questa Etimologia
della voce Eridano mi è sempre piaciuta assai.”—_Dissertaz. sopra
l’Origine de Terreni, nell Saggi di Dissert. dell Acad. Etrusca_.
Tom. III. p. 1.
_ 26 Supplem. ad Monument. Etrusc. Dempst._ c. 47. See also Riccobaldi
del Bava, _Dissertaz. sopra L’Origine dell’ Etrusca Nazione_.
27 Deutoronomy, c. 18, v. 14. _Ragionament. degl’ Itali primitivi. in
Istoria Diplomatica_. Ed. Mantua, 1727.
_ 28 Origini Italiche_. 3 Tom. folio. Lucca, 1767–72.
_ 29 De Primi Abitatori dell Italia_. Ed. Modena, 1769. 3 Tom. 4to.
_ 30 Histoire des Celtes_. Paris, 1770.
_ 31 Recherches sur l’Origine des Differens Peuples d’Italie_, in
_l’Hist. de l’Acad. des Inscriptions_. Tom. XVIII.
_ 32 De Origine Latinæ Linguæ_. Ed. 1720.
33 Heyne, _Opuscula Academica_, Tom. V. See also Court de Gebelin,
_Monde Primitif_.
34 Non enim Etruscorum stirpem ab una gente nec ab una turba deductam;
sed temporum successu plurium populorum propagines in eum populum,
qui tandem Etruscum nomen terris his allevit confluxisse arbitror.
_Nov. Comment. Soc. Reg. Gotting._ Tom. III.
_ 35 Nat. Hist._ Lib. III. c. 14. Ed. Hardouin.
36 Visconti, who has since become so celebrated by his _Iconographie
Grecque et Romaine_, says in the _Approvazione_ of the work of
Lanzi, which he had perused in his official capacity,—“Il saggio di
lingua Etrusca, che ho letto per commissione del Rmo. P. M. del S.
P. A., mi è sembrato assolutamente il miglior libro che sia stato
sinora scritto su questo difficile e vasto argomento.” This opinion,
so early formed, has been confirmed by that of all writers who have
subsequently touched on the subject.
_ 37 Saggio di Lingua Etrusca_. Rom. 1789. 3 Tom. 8vo.
38 Diodorus Siculus—Athenæus.
39 Guarnacci, _Origini Italiche_.
40 Sir William Jones, _On the Gods of Italy and India_.
_ 41 Herculanensia_, Dissert. V.
_ 42 Hermes Scythicus_, p. 90.
43 Ovid. _Fast._ I. 90.
44 Servius, ad Æneid. VII. 84.
45 L’Olympe de Numa fut plus majestueux,
Mercure moins fripon, Mars moins voluptueux;
Jupiter brula moins d’une flamme adultere,
Venus meme reçut une culte plus severe.
_De Lille._ _Imagination_. Ch. vi.
_ 46 Antiquitat. Roman._ Lib. II. c. 19.
47 Beaufort is of opinion that the gradual introduction of the Greek
mythology at Rome commenced as early as the reign of Tarquinius
Priscus. _La Republique Romaine. Discours Preliminaire_. Ed. 1766. 2
Tom. 4to.
48 Heyne, Excurs. V. lib. vii. ad Æneid.
49 Bentley, however, is of opinion that the College of Augurs, whose
divination was made from observations of birds, was of Roman
institution, being founded by Numa, and that the skill and province
of the Haruspices of Etruria reached to three things, _exta,
fulgura, et ostenta_, entrails of cattle, thunders, and monstrous
births, but did not include auguries from the flight of birds. “It
often happened,” he adds, “that this pack of Etruscan soothsayers
gave their answers quite cross to what the Roman augurs had given,
so that the two disciplines clashed.”—(_Remarks on a late Discourse
of Freethinking_, p. 241, Lond. 1737.)
50 Valerius Maximus, Lib. I. c. i. Ed. 1533. Cicero, _De Divinatione_,
Lib. I. c. 41. Ed. Schütz.
_ 51 Origin, &c. of Language_. Part I. book iii. c. 11.
_ 52 Diversions of Purley_. Part II. c. iv. Wakefield and Horne Tooke
had undertaken in conjunction a division and separation of the Latin
language into two parts, placing together, in one division, all that
could be clearly shewn to be Greek, and in the other, all that could
be clearly shewn to be of northern extraction, including, I presume,
both Teutonic and Celtic originals. This design, we are informed,
was frustrated “by the persecution of that virtuous and harmless
good man, Mr Gilbert Wakefield.”—_Divers. Purley_, II. 4. See also
on the origin of the Latin Language, Ginguené, _Hist. Littéraire
d’Italie_, Tom. I.
_ 53 De Novi Instrumenti Stylo_, c. 1. London, 1648.
_ 54 De Lingua Latina_, lib. IV. c. 10.
55 Remondini, _Dissertaz. sopra una iscrizione Osca_, p. 49. ed. 1760,
Genoa. Some writers have even asserted, that the Twelve tables were
originally written in the Oscan dialect. Terrasson, _Hist. de la
Jurisprudence Romaine_. Baron de Theis, _Voyage de Polyclete_, let.
15.
56 It would be foreign to the object of this work to enter into the
inquiry, whether the Etruscan arts were the result of indigenous
taste and cultivation, or were derived from the Greeks. The latter
proposition has been maintained by Winckelman and Lanzi—the former
by Tiraboschi and Pignotti. (_Storia di Toscana_, T. 1. Ed. Pisa,
1815.)
57 Forsyth’s _Remarks on Italy_, p. 141.
58 “La grandeur de Rome,” says Montesquieu, “parût bientòt dans ses
edifices publics. Les ouvrages qui ont donné, et qui donnent encore
aujourd’hui la plus haute idée de sa puissance ont été faits sous
les Rois. On commençoit déjà a batir la Ville eternelle.” _Grandeur
et Decadence des Romains_, c. 1.
59 Dempster, _Etruria Regalis_, Lib. III. c. 80.
60 Horat. _Epist._ Lib. II. Ep. 1.
61 Ennius, _Annal._
_ 62 De Die Natali_, c. 5.
_ 63 Saggio di Ling. Etrusc._ Tom. II. p. 567.
_ 64 De Ling. Lat._ Lib. IV. c. 9.
65 Orgival, _Considerat. sur l’Origine et Progrés des Belles Lettres
chez les Romains_.
_ 66 Comment. de Erudit. Societat._
67 Romulus ut saxo locum circumdedit alto,
Cuilibet huc, inquit, confuge tutus erit.
68 Plautus, _Captivi Prol._
_ 69 Antiquitat. Roman._ Lib. II.
70 Livy. Lib. VII. c. 2. Sine carmine ullo, sine imitandorum carminum
actu, ludiones ex Etruria acciti, ad tibicinis modos saltantes, haud
indecoros motus more Tusco dabant.
71 Flogel, _Geschichte der Komisch. Litteratur_. Tom. IV. p. 82.
72 Dionys. Halic. Lib. II. c. 34.
73 Livy, Lib. III. c. 29. Epulantesque, cum carmine triumphali et
solennibus jocis, commissantium modo, currum secuti sunt.
74 Ibid. Lib. IV. c. 20. In eum milites carmina incondita, æquantes eum
Romulo, canere.
75 Ibid. Lib. XXVIII. c. 9.
_ 76 Tusc. Disput._ Lib. I. c. 2. and lib. IV. c. 2. _Brutus_, c. 19.
77 Lib. II. c. 1.
_ 78 De Vita Populi Romani_, ap. Nonium, c. ii. sub voce, Assa.
79 Majores natu in conviviis ad tibias egregia superiorum opera,
carmine comprehensa, pangebant.
80 Cicero, _Brutus_, c. 19. The passage rather seems to imply that they
had been in writing, “Utinam _extarent illa carmina_, quæ multis
sæculis ante suam ætatem in epulis esse cantata a singulis convivis
de clarorum virorum laudibus, in Originibus scriptum reliquit Cato”!
_ 81 Lectures on Literature_, Lect. III.
_ 82 Romische Geschichte_. Berlin, 1811. 2 Tom. 8vo.
83 Lib. IV. c. 2.
84 Lib. III. c. 22.
85 Bossi, _Storia de Italia_, Tom. VI. p. 375.
_ 86 Elementa Doctrinæ Metricæ_, Lib. III. c. 9. Lanzi, (_Saggio di
Ling. Etrusc._) Schoell, (_Hist. Abregée de la Litterature Romaine_,
Tom. I. p. 42. introduct.) and Eustace (_Classical Tour in Italy_,
Vol. III. p. 416.) give a somewhat different interpretation.
Pleores, they render flores, and not plures, in which they seem
right—Satur, fufere Mars, (you shall be full, O Mars!) they make
Ator, or ador fieri, Mars, (Let there be food, O Mars!) which is
evidently erroneous. The following will give some general notion of
the import of the verses:—
Ye Lares, aid us! Mars, thou God of Might!
From murrain shield the flocks—the flowers from blight.
For thee, O Mars! a feast shall be prepared;
Salt, and a wether chosen from the herd:
Invite, by turn, each Demigod of Spring—
Great Mars, assist us! Triumph! Triumph sing!
87 Varro, _De Ling. Lat._ Lib. VI. c. 1 and 3.
88 Servius _ad Æneid._ Lib. VIII.
89 Cannegieter, _Dissert. Philol. Jurid. ad legem Numæ_.
90 Funccius, _De Pueritia Latin. Ling._ c. III. § 6 and 8.
91 Lib. XLII. c. 20
92 The letters which have been supplied are here printed in Italics.
93 Ciacconius, however, is of opinion that this is not precisely what
was inscribed on the base of the column in the time of Duillius, for
that the inscription, having been greatly effaced, was repaired, or
rather engraved anew, after the time of Julius Cæsar. _In Colum.
Rost. Explic._
_ 94 Illustrations of Childe Harold_, p. 169.
95 This sort of rustic Latin has by some writers been supposed to be
the origin of the modern Italian.
96 Omnino ad jura pontificalia pertinere videntur. _In Dempsteri libros
Paralipomena_. Ed. Luca, 1767. It was on these Eugubian tables that,
in modern times, the alphabet of the Etruscan language was first
found. At the earliest attempt it was very imperfect and
contradictory; Maffei maintaining that these tables were in Hebrew,
and Gori that they were in Greek characters; but at length in 1732,
M. Bourguet, a Frenchman, by comparing the tables in the Roman with
those in the Etruscan character, found that the former was a
compendium of the latter, and that many words in the one
corresponded with words in the other. Having got this key, he was
enabled, by comparing word with word, and letter with letter, to
form an alphabet, which, though not perfect, was much more complete
than any previously produced, and was found to be the same with that
of the Pelasgi, and not very different from the alphabet
communicated to the Greeks by Cadmus. _Dissertaz. dell Academia
Etrusca_. T. I. p. 1. 1742.
97 Quintilian, _Institut._ Lib. I. c. 7.
_ 98 Quæstiones Romanæ_.
99 Festus, voce _Solitaurilia_.
100 For a fuller detail of these variations see Funccius _de Pueritia
Ling. Lat._ c. 5. Id. _de Adolescentia Ling. Lat._ c. 7. and
Terrasson, _Hist. de la Jurisprudence Romaine_. Part I. par. 8.
101 For a fuller detail of these variations see Funccius _de Pueritia
Ling. Lat._ c. 5. Id. _de Adolescentia Ling. Lat._ c. 7. and
Terrasson, _Hist. de la Jurisprudence Romaine_. Part I. par. 8.
102 This numeration, which rests on the authority of Diodorus Siculus,
(Lib. XII.) and Strabo, (Lib. VI.) has been a subject of
considerable discussion and controversy in modern times. (See
Wallace on the numbers of Mankind, Hume’s Essay on Populousness of
Ancient Nations, and Gibbon’s Miscellaneous Works, vol. III. p.
178.) In all MSS. of ancient authors, the numbers are corrupt and
uncertain.
103 Plutarch, _De Exilio_. Id. _Vit. decem. Orator._ Strabo, _Geog._
Lib. XIV.
104 Cicero, _Cato Major, seu de Senectute_, c. 12.
_ 105 Rhetoricorum_, Lib. II. c. 1.
106 Horat. _Epist._ Lib. II. ep. 1. v. 58.
107 See Micali, _Italia avant. il Domin. dei Romani_. Raoul-Rochette,
_Hist. de l’Etablissement des Colonies Grecques_. Heyne, _Opusc.
Academ._ Nogarolæ, _Epist. de Italis qui Græce scripserunt_. ap.
Fabricius, _Supplem. ad Vossium De Histor. Lat._
108 Ausus est primus argumento fabulam serere. Livy, Lib. VII. c. 2.
109 Tiraboschi, _Stor. __dell.__ Letteratura Italiana_. Parte III. Lib.
II. c. 1.
110 Hieronym. in _Euseb. Chron._ p. 37. In Scaliger, _Thesaurus
Temporum_, ed. Amstel. 1658.
111 Vidi etiam senem Livium, qui usque ad adolescentiam meam processit
ætate. _De Senectute_, c. 14.
112 Signorelli, _Storia de Teatri_, Tom. II.
113 Lib. XXVII. c. 37.
_ 114 Analecta Critica poesis Romanorum Scænicæ Reliquias lllustrantia_,
c. 3. ed. Berlin, 1816.
115 Est enim inter scriptores de numero annorum controversia. Cicero,
_Brutus_, c. 18. Cicero, however, fixes on the year 514, following,
as he says, the account of his friend Atticus.
116 Livy, Lib. VII. c. 2. Quum sæpius revocatus vocem obtudisset, veniâ
petitâ, puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem quum statuisset, canticum
egisse, aliquanto magis vigente motu, quia nihil vocis usus
impediebat.
117 Inde ad manum cantari histrionibus cœptum, diverbiaque tantum
ipsorum voci relicta.—_Ibid._
118 Festus, voce _Scribas_.
119 Osannus, _Analecta Critica_, c. 3.
_ 120 Bibliotheca Latina_, Tom. III. Lib. IV. c. 1.
121 “Let the red buskin now your limbs invest,
And the loose robe be belted to your breast;
The rattling quiver let your shoulders bear—
Throw off the hounds which scent the secret lair.”
122 Jos. Scaliger, _Lectionibus Ausonianis_, where the lines are
attributed to Lævius. ap. Sagitarius, _de Vita L. Andronici_, c. 8.
Osannus, _Analecta Critica_, c. 2. p. 36. Some verses in the _Carmen
de Arte Metrica_ of Terentianus Maurus, are the chief authority for
these hexameters being by Livius:—
“Livius ille vetus Grajo cognomine, suæ
Inserit Inonis versu, puto, tale docimen,
Præmisso heroo subjungit namque μειουρον,
Hymno quando Chorus festo canit ore Triviæ—
‘Et jam purpureo,’ ” &c.
123 Livianæ fabulæ non satis dignæ quæ iterum legantur. _Brutus_, c. 18.
_ 124 Epist._ Lib. II. Ep. 1. v. 69.
_ 125 Brutus_, c. 18.
126 —— “Nought worse can be
For wearing out a man than the rough sea;
Even though his force be great, and heart be brave,
All will be broken by the vexing wave.”
127 Au. Gellius, Lib. XVII. c. 21. Ed. Lugd. Bat. 1666.
_ 128 Tuscul. Disput._ Lib. IV. c. 31.
129 “—— My spirits, sire, are raised,
Thus to be praised by one the world has praised.”
130 Au. Gellius. Lib. III. c. 3. Vossius. _De Historicis Latinis_, Lib.
I. c. 2.
131 Hieronym. _Chronicum Eusebianum_, p. 37, ut supra.
132 Cicero, _Brutus_, c. 15.
133 Au. Gellius, Lib. I. c. 24.
134 “If blest immortals mortals might bemoan,
Each heavenly Muse would Nævius’ loss deplore:
Soon as his spirit to the shades had flown,
In Rome the Roman tongue was heard no more.”
135 Heyne, _Excurs._ 1. ad Lib. II. _Æneid._
136 Id. ad Æneid. The Cyprian Iliad had long been almost universally
ascribed to Nævius, and lines were quoted from it as his by all the
old grammarians. Several modern German critics, however, think that
it was the work of Lævius, a poet who lived some time after Nævius,
since the lines preserved from the Cyprian Iliad are hexameters,—a
measure not elsewhere used by Nævius, nor introduced into Italy,
according to their supposition, before the time of Ennius. Osannus,
_Analecta Critica_, p. 36. Herman, _Elementa Doctrinæ Metricæ_, p.
210. Ed. Glasg. 1817.
_ 137 De Senectute_. c. 14.
138 Suetonius, _De Illust. Grammat._
139 Servius, _Ad Æneid._ Lib. 1.
_ 140 Saturnalia_, Lib. VI. c. 2. Ed. Lugduni, 1560. I am anxious to take
this opportunity of remarking, that the books and chapters of the
_Saturnalia_ of Macrobius are differently divided in different
editions. The same observation applies to many of the books most
frequently referred to in the course of this work, as Pliny’s
Natural History, Aulus Gellius, and Cicero. This difference in the
division of chapters, I fear, has led to a suspicion with regard to
the accuracy of a few of my references, which, however, have been
uniformly verified on some edition or other, though I cannot pretend
that I have always had access to the best.
_ 141 Brutus_, c. 19.
142 Fortunatianus. Edit. Putsch. p. 2679. Bentley, _Dissert. on
Phalaris_, p. 162. Hawkins, _Inquiry into the Nature of Latin
Poetry_, p. 452. Ed. Lond. 1817.
143 Merula, Ed. Ennii Fragm. p. 88. Herman, _Elementa Doct. Met._ p.
395.
144 Cicero, _Brutus_, c. 18. Id. _De Senect._ c. 5.
145 Sil. Ital. Lib. XII.
146 Aurelius Victor says he taught Cato Greek in Sardinia, (In præturâ
Sardiniam subegit, ubi ab Ennio Græcis literis institutus;) but this
is inconsistent with what is related by Cicero, that Cato did not
acquire Greek till old age. (_De Senectute_, c. 8.)
147 Cornelius Nepos, _In Vita Catonis_.
148 Hieron. _Chron. Euseb._ p. 37.
149 Cicero, _Pro Archia_, c. 10. _Tusc. Disput._ Lib. I. c. 2.
150 Cicero, _Brutus_, c. 20.
151 Claudian, _de Laud. Stilichonis_, Lib. III. Præf.
152 Müller thinks it was in Sardinia he served under Africanus.
_Einleitung zu Kentniss Lateinischen Schriftsteller_, Tom. I. p.
378. Ed. Dresden, 1747–51.
153 Cicero, _De Orat._ Lib. II. c. 68.
154 Horat. _Epist._ Lib. I. Ep. 19. v. 7.
155 Ser. Sammonicus, _de Medicina_, c. 37.
156 Annos septuaginta natus, ita ferebat duo, quæ maxima putantur onera,
paupertatem et senectutem, ut iis pæne delectari videretur. _De
Senectute_, c. 5.
157 Cicero, _pro Archia_, c. 9. Valerius Maximus, Lib. VIII. c. 15. § 1.
158 Lib. XXXVIII. c. 56.
159 Bankes, _Civil History of Rome_, Vol. I. p. 357. Hobhouse,
_Illustrations of Childe Harold_, p. 167.
_ 160 Rome in the 19th Century_, Letter 36.
161 Cicero, _Tuscul. Disput._ Lib. I. c. 15.
162 “Romans, the form of Ennius here behold,
Who sung your fathers’ matchless deeds of old.
My fate let no lament or tear deplore,
I live in fame, although I breathe no more.”
163 See above, p. 61.
164 Alcmæon olim tragicorum pulpita lassavit cum furore suo. Ba. _in
Statium_. Tom. II.
165 Those who wish more particulars concerning the necklace may consult
Bayle, Art. _Calirhoe_.
_ 166 Tuscul. Disput._ Lib. III. c. 19.
167 “Where shall I refuge seek or aid obtain?
In flight or exile can I safety gain?—
Our city sacked—even scorched the walls of stone.
Our fanes consumed, and altars all o’erthrown.
O Father—country—Priam’s ruined home;
O hallowed temple with resounding dome,
And vaulted roof with fretted gold illumed—
All now, alas! these eyes have been consumed:
Have seen the foe shed royal Priam’s blood,
And stain Jove’s altar with the crimson flood.”
168 This subject is fully discussed in Eberhardt, _Zustand der
__Schönen__ Wissenschaften bei den __Römern_, p. 38. Ed. Altona,
1801.
_ 169 Tuscul. Disput._ Lib. I. c. 16.
170 “I come—retraced the paths profound that lead
Through rugged caves, from mansions of the dead:
Mid these huge caverns Cold and Darkness dwell,
And Shades pass through them from the gates of Hell—
When roused from rest, by blood of victims slain,
The Sorcerer calls them forth with rites obscene.”
_ 171 Græcæ Tragœdiæ principum Æschyli, &c. num ea quæ supersunt genuina
omnia sunt_. Ed. Heidelberg, 1808.
172 “Who knows not leisure to enjoy,
Toils more than those whom toils employ;
For they who toil with purposed end,
Mid all their labours pleasure blend—
But they whose time no labours fill,
Have in their minds nor wish nor will:
’Tis so with us, called far from home,
Nor yet to fields of battle come—
We hither haste, then thither go,
Our minds veer round as breezes blow.”
173 Comment. ad Cic. _Ep. ad Fam._ VII. 6. See also Scaliger, Vossius,
&c.
174 Osannus, _Analecta Critica_, c. 5.
175 “I rear’d him, subject to death’s equal laws,
And when to Troy I sent him in our cause,
I knew I urged him into mortal fight,
And not to feasts or banquets of delight.”
176 “For no Marsian augur (whom fools view with awe,)
Nor diviner nor star-gazer, care I a straw;
The Egyptian quack, an expounder of dreams,
Is neither in science nor art what he seems;
Superstitious and shameless, they prowl through our streets,
Some hungry, some crazy, but all of them cheats.
Impostors! who vaunt that to others they’ll show
A path, which themselves neither travel nor know.
Since they promise us wealth, if we pay for their pains,
Let them take from that wealth, and bestow what remains.”
177 “Yes! there are gods; but they no thought bestow
On human deeds—on mortal bliss or woe—
Else would such ills our wretched race assail?
Would the good suffer?—would the bad prevail?”
_ 178 Instit. Orator._ Lib. X. c. 1.
_ 179 Noctes Atticæ_, Lib. II. c. 29.
180 Lib. IV. Fab. 22. _L’Alouette et ses petits avec le maitre d’un
champ_.
_ 181 Noct. Attic._ Lib. XVII. c. 21. Quibus consulibus natum esse Q.
Ennium poetam, M. Varro, in primo _de Poetis_ libro, scripsit:
eumque quum septimum et sexagesimum annum ageret duodecimum Annalem
scripsisse: idque ipsum Ennium in eodem libro dicere.
182 See above, p. 40.
_ 183 Romische Geschichte_, Tom. I. p. 179.
_ 184 Romische Geschichte_, Tom. I. p. 318.
185 Id. Tom. I. p. 178.
_ 186 Romische Geschichte_, Tom. I. p. 364, &c.
187 “‘Eurydice, my sister,’ thus she spoke,
When roused from sleep she, weeping, silence broke—
‘Thou whom my father loved! of life bereft,
Though yet alive, all sense this frame hath left.
A form endowed with more than mortal grace,
Mysterious led me, and with hurried pace,
’Mid ever varying scenes, as wild as new,
O’er banks and meads where pliant osiers grew.
Then left to wander pathless and alone,
I vainly sought thee amid scenes unknown.
My father called, his child forlorn address’d,
And in these words prophetic thoughts express’d:
‘O Daughter, many sorrows yet abide,
Ere fortune’s stream upbears thee on its tide.’
Thus spoke my father; but his form withdrew;
No longer offered to my eager view.
Though oft in vain with soothing voice I call,
And stretch my hands to heaven’s cerulean hall.
Oppressed, and struggling, and with sick’ning heart.
At once the vision and my sleep depart.’”