Cros and curteis Christ 1
This begynnyng spede,
For the faders frendshipe
That fourmed heaven,
And through the special spirit
That sprong of hem tweyne,
And al in one God-hed
Endles dwelleth.
A, and all myn a.b.c.
After have I lerned, 10
And patred in my pater-noster
Iche poynt after other;
And after al, myne Ave-marie
Almost to the end;
But al my care is to comen,
For I can nought my Crede.
Whan I shall shewen my shrift,
Shent mote I worthen;
The preeste wil me punyche,
And penaunce enjoyne; 20
The lengthe of a lenton
Flesh moot I leve,
After that Estur is y-come,
And that is hard fare;
{452}
And Wedenesday iche wyke
Withouten flesh-mete.
And also Jesu hymselfe
To the Jewes he saide,
"He that leeveth nought on me,
He leseth the blisse." 30
Therfor lerne the byleve
Levest me were,
Gif any worldly wight
Wil me [it] couthe;
Other lewed or lered,
That lyveth thereafter
And fulliche folweth the feith,
And feyneth non other;
That no worldeliche wele
Wilneth no tyme, 40
But liveth in lovyng of God,
And his lawe holdeth;
And for no gettyng of good
Never his God greveth,
But folweth hym the full way,
As he the folke taughte.
But to many maner of men
This matter is asked,
Both to lered and to lewed,
That seyn that they liveden 50
Hollich on the grete God,
And holden al his hestes.
But by a fraynyng for than
Faileth ther manye.
For first I frayned the freres,
And they me fulle tolden,
That al the fruyt of the fayth
Was in her foure orders;
{453}
And the cofres of Christendom,
And the keie bothen, 60
And the lock of byleve,
Lieth loken in her hondes,
Then wennede I to wytten,
And with a whight I mette,
A Minoure in a morwe-tide;
And to this man I saide,
"Sire, for greate Godes love!
The graith thou me tell,
Of what myddel-erde man
Myght I best lerne 70
My Crede? For I can it nought,
My kare is the more.
And therfore, for Christes love!
Thy counseyl I preie.
A Carm me hath y-covenant,
The nede me to teche;
But for thou knowest Carmes wel,
Thy counsail I aske."
This Minour loked on me,
And laughyng he sayde, 80
"Leve christen man,
I leve that thou [art] madde:
Whough shulde thei techen the god,
That con non hemselve?
They ben but jugulers,
And japers of kynde;
Lorels and lechures,
And lemans holden,
Neyther in order ne out,
But unneth lybbeth, 90
And by-japeth the folk
With gestes of Rome.
{454}
It is but a faynt folke,
Y-founded upon japes.
They maketh hem Maries men,
And so thei men tellen;
And leieth on oure Lady
Many a long tale.
And that wicked folk
Wymmen betraieth, 100
And begileth hem her good
With glaverynge wordes,
And therwith holden her hous
In harlotes warkes.
And, so save me God!
I hold it greate synne
To gyven hem any good,
Swiche glotones to fynde,
To mayntaynen swiche maner men
That michel good destruieth. 110
Yet seyn they in her sutiltie
To sottes in townes,
Thei comen out of Carmeli
Christ for to folwen,
And feyneth hem with holynesse,
That yvele hem bisemeth.
Thei lyven more in lecherie,
And lyeth in her tales,
Than suen any good liif;
But lurken in her selles, 120
And wynnen werdliche good,
And wasten it in synne.
And ghif thei couthen her Crede,
Other on Christ leveden,
Thei weren nought so hardy
Swyche harlotri usen.
{455}
Sikerli I can nought fynden
Who hem first founded;
But the foles foundeden hemselfe
Freres of the Pye, 130
And maken hem mendynans,
And marre the puple.
But what glut of tho gomes
May any good kachen,
He wyl kepen it hemself,
And cofrene it faste;
And thoigh his felawes fayle good,
For hym he may sterven.
Her monei mai byquest,
And testament maken, 140
And none obedience bere,
But don as hym luste.
And ryght as Robartes men
Raken aboute
At feyres and at full ales,
And fyllen the cuppe;
And precheth al of pardon,
To plesen the puple.
Her pacience is al pased,
And put out to ferme; 150
And pride is in her povertie,
That litel is to preisen.
And at the lullyng of oure lady
The wymmen to lyken,
And miracles of mydwyves,
And maken wymmen to wenen
That the lace of oure Lady smok
Lighteth hem of children.
Thei ne prechen nought of Powel,
Ne penaunce for synne; 160
{456}
But al of merci and mensk,
That Marie may helpen.
With sterne staves and stronge
Thei over lond straketh,
Thider as here lemmans liggeth,
And lurketh in townes,
Grey grete-heded quenes
With gold by the eighen,
And seyne that her sustern thei ben,
That sojurneth aboute. 170
And thus abouten the gon,
And Godes folke betrayeth.
It is the puple that Powel
Preched of in his tyme;
He seyde of swich folke
That so aboute wente,
Wepyng, I warne you
Of walkers aboute,
It beth enemyes of the cros
That Christ upon tholede. 180
Swiche slomrers in slepe,
Slaughte in her ende,
And glotonye is her God,
With gloppynge of drynk,
And gladnesse in glees,
And grete joye y-maked.
In the shendyng of swiche
Shal mychel folk lawghe;
Therfore, frend, for thy feith
Fond to don beter; 190
Leve nought on tho losels,
Put let hem forth pasen,
For thei ben fals in her faith,
And feele mo other."
{457}
"Alas! frere," quath I tho,
"My purpos is y-failed;
Now is my comfort a-cast.
Canstou no bote,
Wher I myght meten with a man
That myghte me wyssen 200
For to conne my Crede,
Christ for to folwen?"
"Certeyn, felawe," quath the frere,
"Withouten any fayle,
Of al men upon mold,
We Minorities most sheweth
The pure aposteles liif,
With penance on erthe,
And suen hem in sanctité,
And sufferen wel harde. 210
We haunten no tavernes,
Ne hobelen abouten;
At marketes and miracles
We medeleth us never;
We hondlen no moneye,
But monelich faren,
And haven hunger at the mete,
At ich a mel ones.
We haven forsaken the world,
And in wo libbeth, 220
In penaunce and poverte,
And prechethe the puple
By ensample of oure liif
Soules to helpen;
And in poverte preien
For al oure parteneres,
That gyveth us any good
God to honouren,
{458}
Other bel other book,
Or bred to our foode, 230
Other catel, other cloth
To coveren with oure bones.
For we buldeth a burwgh,
A brod and a large,
A chirch and a chapitle,
With chaumbers a-lofte;
With wide wyndowes y-wrought,
And walles wel heye,
That mote ben portreid and paint,
And pulched ful clene, 240
With gay glitering glas
Glowyng as the sunne.
And mightestou amenden us
With moneye of thyn owen,
Thou shouldest knely bifore Christ
In compas of gold,
In the wyde window west-ward
Wel neigh in the myddel,
And saint Fraunceis hymselfe
Shal folden the in his cope, 250
And present the to the Trinité,
And praye for thy synnes.
Thy name shal noblich ben wryten
And wrought for the nones,
And in remembraunce of the
Y-rad there for evere.
And, brother, be thou nought a-ferd;
Bythenk in thyne herte,
Though thou conne nought thy Crede,
Care thou no-more! 260
I shal asoilen the, syr,
And setten it on my soule;
{459}
And thou may maken this good,
Thenk thou non other."
"Sir," I sayde, "in certaine
I shal gon and asaye."
And he set on me his hond,
And asoiled me clene,
And there I parted him fro
Wythouten and peyne; 270
In covenaunt that I come agayne,
Christ he me be-taught.
Then saide I to myself,
"Here semeth litel treuthe!
First to blame his brother,
And bakbyten hym foule,
There as curteis Christ
Clerliche saide,
Whow myght thou in thy brothers eighe
A bare mote loken, 280
And in thyn owen eighe
Nought a beme toten?
See fyrst on thyself,
And sithen on another,
And clense clene thy syght,
And kepe wel thyne eighe,
And for another mannes eighe
Ordeyne after.
And also I see coveitise
Catel to fongen, 290
That Christ hath clerliche forboden,
And clenliche destrueden;
And sayde to his sueres
For sothe on this wyse,
'Nought thy neighbors good
Coveyte in no tyme.'
{460}
But charité and chastité
Ben chased out clene.
But Christ seide by her fruit
Men shal hem ful knowen." 300
Thanne saide I, "certeine, syr,
Thou demest ful trewe."
Than thought I to frayne the first
Of this foure ordres;
And presed to the Prechoures,
To proven hir wille.
Ich highed to her house,
To herken of more;
And when I came to that court,
I gaped aboute, 310
Swich a bild bold
Y-buld upon erthe heighte
Say I nought in certeyn
Syththe a long tyme.
I semed opon that hous,
And yerne theron loked,
Whow the pileres weren y-paint,
And pulched ful clene,
And queyntly y-corven
With curious knottes; 320
With wyndowes wel y-wrought,
Wyde up a-lofte,
And thanne I entred in,
And even forth wente;
And al was walled that wone,
Though it wiid were,
With posternes in privité
To pasen when hem liste;
Orcheyardes and erberes
Evesed wel clene, 330
{461}
And a curious cros
Craftly entayled,
With tabernacles y-tight
To toten al abouten.
The pris of a plough-lond
Of penies so rounde
To aparaile that pyler
Were pure litel.
Than I munte me forth
The mynstre to knowen, 340
And awaytede a woon
Wonderly wel y-bild,
With arches on everiche half,
And bellyche y-corven,
With crochetes on corneres,
With knottes of gold,
Wyde wyndowes y-wrought,
Y-wryten ful thikke,
Shynen with shapen sheldes,
To shewen aboute, 350
With merkes of merchauntes
Y-medeled betwene,
Mo than twentie and two
Twyse y-noumbbred.
Ther is non heraud that hath
Half swich a rolle,
Right as a rageman
Hath rekned hem newe.
Tombes upon tabernacles
Tylde opon lofte, 360
Housed in hornes,
Harde set abouten,
Of armede alabaustre
Clad for the nones,
{462}
Maad opon marbel
In many manner wyse,
Knyghtes in ther conisante
Clad for the nones;
Alle it semed seyntes
Y-sacred opon erthe; 370
And lovely ladies y-wrought
Leyen by her sydes
In manye gay garnemens,
That weren gold beten.
Though the tax of ten yere
Were trewely y-gadered,
Nolde it nought maken that hous
Half, as I trowe.
Than cam I to that cloystre,
And gaped abouten, 380
Whough it was pilered and peynt,
And portreyed wel clene,
Al y-hyled with leed
Lowe to the stones,
And y-paved with poynttyl
Ich point after other;
With cundites of clene tyn
Closed al aboute,
With lavoures of latun
Loveliche y-greithed. 390
I trowe the gaynage of the ground
In a gret shyre
Nold aparaile that place
Oo poynt tyl other ende.
Thanne was that chapitre house
Wrought as a greet chirche,
Corven and covered;
And queyntelyche entayled,
{463}
With semliche selure
Y-seet on lofte, 400
As a parlement-hous
Y-peynted aboute.
Thanne ferd I into fraytoure,
And fond there another,
An halle for an hygh kynge
An houshold to holden,
With brode bordes abouten
Y-benched wel clene,
With wyndowes of glaas
Wrought as a chirche 410
Than walkede I ferrer,
And went al abouten,
And seigh halles full heygh,
And houses ful noble,
Chambres with chymeneys,
And chapeles gaye,
And kychenes for an high kynge
In casteles to holden;
And her dortoure y-dight
With dores ful stronge; 420
Fermerye and fraitur,
With fele mo houses,
And al strong ston wal
Sterne upon heithe,
With gaye garites and grete,
And iche hole y-glased,
And other houses y-nowe
To herberwe the queene.
And yet thise bilderes wiln beggen
A bagge ful of whete 430
Of a pure pore man,
That may onethe paye
{464}
Half his rent in a yere,
And half ben byhynde.
Than turned I ayen,
Whan I hadde all y-toted,
And fond in a freitoure
A frere on a benche,
A greet chorl and a grym,
Growen as a tonne, 440
With a face so fat
As a ful bleddere
Blowen bretful of breth,
And as a bagge honged
On bothen his chekes, and his chyn
With a chol lollede
So greet as a gos ey,
Growen al of grece;
That al wagged his fleish
As a quick myre. 450
His cope, that bi-clypped hym,
Wel clene was it folden,
Of double worstede y-dyght
Doun to the hele.
His kyrtel of clene whiit,
Clenlyche y-sewed,
Hit was good y-now of ground
Greyn for to beren.
I haylsede that hirdman,
And hendlich I sayde, 460
"Gode sire, for Godes love!
Canstou me graith tellen
To any worthely wiight
That wissen me couthe,
Whow I shulde conne my Crede,
Christ for to folwe,
{465}
That levede lelliche hymselfe
And lyvede therafter,
That feynede no falshede,
But fully Chrise suwede? 470
For sich a certeyn man
Syker wold I trosten,
That he wolde telle me the trewthe,
And turne to non other.
And an Austyn this ender day
Egged me faste,
That he wolde techen me wel,
He plyght me his treuthe,
And seyde me "certeyn,
Syghthen Christ deyed 480
Oure ordre was euelles
And erst y-founde."
"First, felawe," quath he,
"Fy on his pilche!
He is but abortiif,
Eked with cloutes,
He holdeth his ordynaunce
With hores and theves,
And purchaseth hem pryvyleges
With penyes so rounde. 490
It is a pur pardoners craft,
Prove and asay;
For have they thy money,
A moneth therafter
Certes, theigh thou come agen,
He wil the nought knowen.
But, felawe, oure foundement
Was first of the othere,
And we ben founded fulliche
Withouten fayntise, 500
{466}
And we ben clerkes y-cnowen,
Cunnyng in schole,
Proved in processyon
By processe of lawe.
Of oure order ther beth
Bichopes wel manye,
Seyntes on sundri stedes
That suffreden harde;
And we ben proved the priis
Of popes at Rome, 510
And of grettest degré,
As godspelles telleth."
"A! syre," quath I thanne,
"Thou seyst a grete wonder;
Sithen Christ sayd hymselfe
To alle his diciples,
'Which of you that is most,
Most shal he werche;
And who is goere byforne,
First shal he serven.' 520
And seyde he saugh Satan
Sytten ful heyghe,
And ful low ben y-leid.
In lyknesse he tolde,
That in povernesse of spyrit
Is spedfullest hele;
And hertes of heyne
Harmeth the soule.
And therefore, frere, farewel;
Here fynd I but pride. 530
I preise nought thy prechyns,
But as a pur myte."
And angerich I wandrede
The Austyns to prove,
{467}
And mette with a maistre of tho men,
And meklich I seyde,
"Maistre, for the moder love
That Marie men calleth!
Knowest thou ought there thou comest
A creature on erthe 540
That coude me my Crede teche,
And trewelich enfourme,
Withouten flateryng fare,
And nothing feyne,
That folweth fulliche the feith,
And non other fables,
Withouten gabinge of glose,
As the godspelles telleth?
A Minoure hath me holly behyght
To helen my soule, 550
For he seith that her secte
Is sykerest on erthe,
And ben kepers of the keye
That Chrystendom helpeth,
And puriche in poverte
The apostles they suweth."
"Allaas!" quath the frere,
"Almost I madde in mynde,
To sen hough this Minoures
Many men bygyleth. 560
Sothly somme of tho gomes
Hath more good hymselve
Than ten knyghtes that I knowe,
Of catel in cofres.
In fraytoure they faren best
Of al the foure ordres,
And usun ypocricie
In al that thei werchen,
{468}
And prechen al of perfitnesse;
But loke now, I the prey, 570
Nought but profre hem in privité
A peny for a masse,
And, but his name be prest,
Put out myn eighe,
Though he had more money hid
Than marchauntes of wolle.
Loke hough this loresmen
Lordes betrayen,
Seyn that they folwen
Fully Fraunceyses rewle, 580
That in cotinge of his cope
Is more cloth y-folden
Than was in Fraunceis froc
Whan he hem first made.
And yet under that cope
A cote hathe he furred
With foyns, or with fichewes,
Other fyn bevere,
And that is cutted to the kne,
And queyntly y-botend, 590
Lest any spiritual man
Aspie that gyle.
Fraunceys bad his brethern
Bar-fot to wenden;
Now han they buclede shone,
For blenyng of her heles,
And hosen in harde weder
Y-hamled by the ancle,
And spicerie sprad in her purs
To parten where hem luste. 600
Lordes loveth hem wel,
For they so lowe crouchen;
{469}
But knowen men her cautel
And her queynte wordes,
Thei wolde worshypen hem
Nought but a litle,
The ymage of ypocricie
Ymped upon fendes.
But, sone, gif thou wilt ben seker,
Seche thou no ferther, 610
We freres beth the firste,
And founded upon treuthe;
Paule _primus heremita_
Put us hymselve
Away into wildernesse,
The world to despisen,
And there we lengeden ful long,
And leveden ful harde;
For to alle this freren folke
Weren founden in tounes, 620
And taughten untrewely,
And that we wel aspiede.
And for chef charyté,
We chargeden us selven
In amendyng of this men,
We maden oure celles
To ben in cytés y-set,
To styghtle the puple,
Prechyng and prayeng
As profetes shoulden. 630
And so we holden us the hetheved
Of al holy chirche.
We han power of the Pope
Purliche assoylen
Al that helpen oure hous
In helpe of her soules;
{470}
To dispensen hem with
In dedes of synne,
Al that amendeth oure hous
In money other elles, 640
With corne other catel,
Or clothes to beddes,
Other bedys or broche,
Or breed for our fode.
And gif thou hast any good,
And wilt thyself helpen,
Help us hertelich therwith,
And here I undertake
Thou shalt ben brother of oure hous,
And a book habben 650
At the nexte chapitre
Clerliche enseled.
And than oure provincial
Hath power to assoylen
Alle sustren and bretheren
That beth of oure ordre.
And though thou conne nought the Crede,
Knele down here,
My soule I sette for thyn,
To asoile the clene, 660
In covenaunt that thou come ageyne,
And katel us brynge."
And thanne loutede I adoun,
Add he me leve grauntede;
And so I parted hym fro,
And the frere lefte.
Than seide I to myself,
"Here is no bote;
Here pride is the pater-noster
In preying of synne; 670
{471}
Her Crede is coveytise:--
Now can I no ferthere.
Yet wil I fonden forth,
And fraynen the Carmes."
Than toted I into a taverne,
And there I aspyede
Two frere Carmes
With a ful coppe.
There I auntrede me in,
And aisliche I seyde, 680
"Leve sire, for the Lordes love
That thou on levest!
Lere me to som man
My Crede for to lerne,
That lyveth in lel liif,
And loveth no synne,
And gloseth nought the godspel,
But halt Godes hetes,
And neyther money ne mede
Ne may hym nought letten, 690
But werchen after Godes word,
Withouten any faile.
A Prechoure y-professed
Hath plight me his trewthe
To techen me trewely;
But wouldest thou me tellen,
For they ben certeyne men,
And syker on to trosten,
I would quiten the thy mede
As my myght were." 700
"A trefle," quath he, "trewely!
His treweth is ful litel;
He dynede nought with Dominic,
Sithe Christ deide.
{472}
For with the prynces of pryde
The Prechours dwellen;
They ben so digne as the devel
That droppeth fro heven,
With hartes of heynesse,
Whough halwen the cherches, 710
And deleth in devynyté
As dogges doth bones.
Thei medeleth with mesages
And mariages of grete;
Thei leeven with lordes
With lesynges y-nowe;
Thei biggeth hem bichopriches
With bagges of gold;
Thei wilneth worchipes:--
But waite on her dedes. 720
Harkne at Herdforthe
How that they werchen,
And loke when that they lyven
And leeve as thou fyndest.
They ben counseylours of kynges,
Christ wot the sothe,
Whou thei curreth kynges
And her bak claweth.
God leve hem laden wel
In lyvynge of hevene, 730
And glose hem nought for her good
To greven her soules.
I pray the, where ben they pryvé
With any pore whightes
That may nought amenden her hous,
Ne amenden hemselven?
They prechen in proud herte,
And preyseth her ordre,
{473}
And werdlich worchype
Wilneth in erthe. 740
Leeve it wel, lef man,
And men right lokede,
There is more pryvé pryde
In Prechoures hertes,
Than there lefte in Lucifere,
Or he were lowe fallen.
They bene dygne as dich-watere,
That dogges in bayteth.
Lok a ribaut of hem
That can nought wel reden 750
His Rewel ne his Respondes,
But be pure rote;
Als as he were a connyng clerk,
He casteth the lawes
Nought lowly, but lordly,
And lesynges lyeth.
For right as Minoures
Most hypocrice useth,
Ryght so ben Prechoures proude
Purlyche in herte. 760
"But, chrysten creatoure,
We Carmes firste comen,
Even in Elyes tyme,
First of hem alle;
And lyven by oure Lady,
And lelly her serven,
In clene commun liif
Kepen us out of synne;
Nowt proude as Prechoures beth,
But preyen ful stylle. 770
We couuen on no quentyse,
Christ wot the southe!
{474}
But bisyeth us in oure bedes,
As us best holdeth.
And, therfore, leeve leelman,
Leeve that iche sigge,
A masse of us meene men
Is of more mede,
And passeth alle prayers
Of this proude freres.-- 780
And thou wilt ghyven us any good,
I wolde ye here graunten
To taken al thy penaunce
In peril of my soule;
And tho thou conne nought thy Crede,
Clene the assoyle,
So that thou mowe amenden oure house
With money other elles,
With som catel, other corn,
Or cuppes of sylvere." 790
"Trewely, frere," quath I tho,
"To tellen the the sothe,
There is no peny in my pakke
To payen for my mete.
I have no good, ne no golde,
But go thus abouten,
And travaile ful trewely
To wynnen with my fode.
But woldest thou for Godes love
Lerne me my Crede, 800
I shulde don for the wil,
Whan I wele hadde."
"Trewely," quath the frere,
"A fole I the holde:--
Thou woldest nought wetten thy fote,
And woldest fich kachen.
{475}
Oure pardon and oure preieres
So beth they nought parten,
Oure power lasteth nought so feer,
But we som peny fongen. 810
"Fare wel," quath the frere,
"For I mot hethen fonden,
And hyen to an house-wiif
That hath us byquethen
Ten pound in hir testament.
To tellen the sothe,
Ho draweth to the deth-ward;
But yet I am in drede
Leste ho turne hire testament,
And therfore I hyghe 820
To haven hire to oure hous,
And henten, gif I mighte,
An anuel for myne owen use,
To helpen to clothe."
"Godys forbode!" quath his felawe,
"But ho forth passe
Whil ho is in purpos
With us to departen!
God let hir no lengere lyven!
For letteres ben manye." 830
Thanne turnede I me forth,
And talked to myselfe
Of the falshede of this folke,
Whow feythles thei weren.
And as I wente by the way
Wepynge for sorowe,
I seigh a sely man me by,
Opon the plough hongen.
His cote was of a cloute
That cary was y-called; 840
{476}
His hod was ful of holes,
And his heare oute;
With his knoppede shon
Clouted ful thykke;
His ton toteden out,
As he the lond tredede;
His hosen over-hongen his hok-shynes
On everich a syde,
Al beslomered in fen,
As he the plow folwede. 850
Tweye myteynes as meter
Maad al of cloutes,
The fyngres weren for-werd,
And ful of fen honged.
This whit waselede in the feen
Almost to the ancle;
Foure rotheren hym byforne,
That feble were worthi;
Men myghte reknen ich a ryb,
So rentful they weren. 860
His wiif walked hym with,
With a long gode,
In a cuttede cote,
Cutted ful heyghe,
Wrapped in a wynwe shete
To weren hire fro wederes,
Bar-fot on the bare iis,
That the blod folwede.
And at the londes ende lath
A little crom-bolle, 870
And theron lay a lytel chylde
Lapped in cloutes,
And tweyne of tweie yeres olde
Opon another syde.
{477}
And al they songen o songe,
That sorwe was to heren;
They crieden alle o cry,
A kareful note.
The sely man sighed sore,
And seyde, "Children, beth stille!" 880
This man lokede opon me,
And leet the plough stonden;
And seyde, "Sely man,
Whi syghest thou so harde?
Gif the lakke liiflode,
Lene the ich wille
Swich good as God hath sent;
Go we, leeve brother."
I sayde thanne, "Nay, syre,
My sorowe is wel more. 890
For I can nought my Crede,
I care wel harde;
For I can fynden no man
That fulli byleveth,
To techen me the heyghe weie,
And therfore I wepe.
For I have fonded the freres
Of the foure ordres;
For there I wende have wist,
But now my wit lakketh; 900
And al myn hope was on hem,
And myn herte also,
But thei ben fulli faithles,
And the fend sueth."
"A! brother," quath he tho,
"Be ware of tho foles;
For Christ seyde hymself,
'Of swiche I you warne,'
{478}
And false profetes in the feith
He fulliche hem calde, 910
_In vestimentis ovium_,
But only withinne
They ben wilde werwolves
That wiln the folke robben.
The fen[d] founded hem first,
The feyth to distrie;
And by his craft thei comen in,
To combren the chirche,
By the covetise of his craft
The curates to helpen. 920
But nowe they haven an hold,
They harmen ful manye;
They don nought after Dominik,
But dreccheth the puple.
He folwen nought Fraunceis,
But falsliche lybben;
And Austynes rewle
They rekeneth but a fable;
And purchaseth hem privilege
Of popes at Rome. 930
They coveten confessiones,
To kachen some hyre;
And sepulturus also,
Somme wayten to lacchen;
But other cures of Christen
They coveten nought to have,
But there as wynnynge liith,
He loketh non other."
"Whough shal I nemne thy name,
That neyghbores the calleth?" 940
"Peres," quath he, "the pore man,
The Ploughman I hatte."
{479}
"A! Peres!" quath I tho,
"I pray the thou me telle
More of thise tryflers,
Hou trechurly they libbeth;
For ichon of hem hath tolde me
A tale of that other,
Of her wikked liif,
In werld that he libbeth. 950
I trowe that some wicked wight
Wroughte this ordres.
Trow ye that gleym of that gest
That Golias is y-cald,
Other els Satan hymself,
Sente hem fro helle,
To combren men with her crafte,
Christendome to shenden."
"Dere brother," quath Peres,
"The devel is ful queynte, 960
To encombren holy chirche
He casteth ful harde,
And fluricheth his falsnesse
Opon fele wise,
And fer he casteth to-forn
The folk to dystroye.
"Of the kynrede of Caym
He cast the freres,
And founded hem on Sarysenes,
Feyned for God. 970
But they with her falshe faith
Mychel folk shendeth.
Christ calde hem hymself
Kynd ipocrites;
How often he cursed hem,
Wel can I tellen.
{480}
He seide ons hymself
To that sory puple:
'Who worthe you, wyghtes,
Wel lerned of the lawe!' 980
Eft he seyde to hem selfe,
'Wo mote you worthen
That the toumbes of profetes
Bildeth up heighe!
Your faderes for-deden hem,
And to the deth hem broughte.'
Here I touche this two,
Twynnen hem I thenke.
Who wilneth be wiser of lawe
Than lewede freres, 990
And in multitude of men
But maistres y-called,
And wilneth worship of the werld,
And sytten with heye,
And leveth lovyng of God
And lownesse byhynde,
And in beldyng of toumbes
Thei traveileth grete,
To chargen her chirche flore,
And chaungen it ofte. 1000
And the fader of the freres
Defouled her soules,
That was the dyggyng devel,
That dreccheth men ofte.
The devel by his dotage
Dissaveth the chirche,
And put in the Prechours,
Y-paynted withouten,
And by his queyntise they comen in
The curates to helpen; 1010
{481}
But that harmed hem harde,
And halp hem ful littel.
But Austynes ordinaunce
Was on a good treuthe;
And also Dominikes dedes
Weren dernelich y-used;
And Fraunceis founded his folke
Fulliche on treuthe,
Pure parfit prestes
In penaunce to libben, 1020
In love and in lownesse
And lettynge of pryde,
Grounded on the Godspel,
As God baad hymselve.
But now the glose is so greet
In gladdyng tales,
That turneth up two-fold
Un-teyned upon treuthe,
That they ben cursed of Christ,
I can hem wel prove 1030
Withouten his blissyng,
Bare beth thei in her werkes.
For Christ seyde hymselfe
To swiche as him folwede:
'Y-blissed mot they ben
That mene ben in soule;'
And alle power in gost
God hymself blisseth.
Whou fele freres fareth so,
Fayne wolde I knowe, 1040
Prove hem in proces,
And pynch at her ordre,
And deme hem after that the don,
And dredles, Y leve,
{482}
Thei wiln wexon pure wroth
Wonderliche sone,
And shewen the a sharp wil
In a short tyme
To wiln wilfully wrathe,
And werche therafter. 1050
Wytnes on Wyclif,
That warned hem with trewthe.
For he in goodnesse of gost
Graythliche hem warned
To wayven her wikednesse
And werkes of synne.
Whou sone this sorimen
Seweden hys soule,
And overal lolled hym
With heritikes werkes! 1060
And so of the blissyng of God
Thei bereth little mede.
"Afterward another,
Onliche he blissede
The meke of the myddel-erde
Through myght of his fader.
Fynd foure freres in a flok
That folweth that rewle,
Than have I tynt al my tast,
Touche and assaye. 1070
Lakke hem a littel wight,
And her liif blamen;
But he lepe up on heigh
In hardenesse of herte,
And nemne the anon nought,
And thy name lakke,
With proude wordes apert
That passeth his rewle,
{483}
Bothe with 'thou leyst,' and 'thou lext,'
In heynesse of soule, 1080
And turnnen as a tyraunt
That turmenteth hymselve.
A lord were lother
For to leyne a knave,
Thanne swich a begger,
The best in a toun.
Loke now, leve man,
Beth nought thise y-lyke
Fully to the Pharisens,
In fele of these poyntes. 1090
Al her brad beldyng
Ben belded with synne,
And in worshipe of the world
Here wynnyng they holden;
They shapen her chapolories,
And strecchet hem brode,
And launceth heighe her hemmes
With babelyng in stretes.
They ben y-sewed with whight silke,
And semes ful queynte, 1100
Y-stongen with stiches
That stareth as sylver.
And but freres ben fyrst y-set
At sopers and at festes,
They wiln ben wonderly wroth
Y-wis, as I trowe;
But they ben at the lordes borde,
Louren they willeth.
He mot bygynne that bord,
A beggere with sorowe; 1110
And first sitten in se
In her synagoges,
{484}
That beth her heigh helle hous,
Of Caymes kynd.
For though a man in her mynstre
A masse wolde heren,
His sight shal so by set
On sondrye werkes,
The penonnes and the pomels
And poyntes of sheldes 1120
Withdrawen his devocion,
And dusken his herte.
I likene it to a lim-yerde
To drawen men to helle,
And to worchipe of the fend,
To wraththen the soules.
And also Christ himself seide
To swich ypocrites,
He loveth in marketes ben met
With gretynges of povere, 1130
And lowynge of lewed men
In Lentenes tyme;
For thei han of bichopes y-bought
With her propre silver
And purchased of penaunce
The puple to asoyle.
But money may maken
Mesure of the peyne;
After that his power is to payen,
His penaunce shal fayle. 1140
God leve it be a good help
For hele of the soules!
And also this myster men
Ben maysters i-called,
That the gentill Jesus
Generalliche blamed,
{485}
And that poynt to his apostles
Purly defended.
But freres haven forgeten this,
And the fend suweth, 1150
He that maystri loved,
Lucifer the olde.
Where Fraunceys or Dominik,
Other Austyn ordeynde,
And of this dotardes
Doctur to worthe,
Maysters of divinité
Her matynes to leve,
And cherlich as a cheveteyn
Hys chaumbre to holden, 1160
With chymené, and chaple,
And chosen whan hem lyste,
And served as a sovereyn,
And as a lord sytten.
Swich a gome Godes wordes
Grysliche gloseth;
I trowe he toucheth nought the text,
But taketh it for a tale.
God forbad to his folk,
And fullyche defendede, 1170
They shoulden nought stodyen biforne
Ne sturren her wyttes,
But sodenly the same word
With here mouth shewe,
That weren given hem of God,
Thorugh gost of hemselve.
Now mot a frere studyen
And stumlen in tales,
And leven his matynes,
And no masse syngen, 1180
{486}
And loken hem lesynges
That liketh the puple,
To purchasen hym his purs ful,
To paye for the drynke.
And, brother, when bernes ben ful,
And holy tyme passed,
Thanne comen cursed freres,
And croucheth ful lowe,
A losel, a lymytoure,
Over al the lond lepeth. 1190
And loke that he leve non hous,
That somwhat he ne laiche;
And there thei gylen hemself,
And Godes word turneth,
Bagges and beggyng
He bad his folke leven,
And only serven hymself,
And his ruwel sechen,
And al that nedly nedeth,
That shulden hem nought lakken. 1200
Wherto beggen thise men,
And ben nought so feble?
Hem fayleth no furryng,
Ne clothes atte fulle,
But for a lustful liif
In lustes to dwellen;
Withouten any travail
Untrulych libbeth;
Thei beth nought maymed men,
Ne no mete lakketh; 1210
Thei [ben] clothed in curious cloth,
And clenliche arayed.
It is a lawles liif,
As lordynges usen,
{487}
Nether ordeyned in ordre,
But onethe libbeth.
"Christ bad blissen
Bodies on erthe
That wepen for wikkednesse
That he byforn wroughte. 1220
That ben few of tho freres,
For thei ben nere dede,
And put al in pur clath,
With pottes on her hedes;
Thanne he warieth, and wepeth,
And wicheth after heven,
And fyeth on her falshedes
That thei before deden.
And therfore of that blissyng,
Trewely, as I trowe, 1230
Thei may trussen her part
In a terre powghe.
"Alle tho blissed beth
That bodyliche hongreth;
That ben the pore penyles,
That han over-passed
The poynt of her pris liif,
In penaunce of werkes,
And mown nought swynken ne sweten,
But ben swith feble, 1240
Other mayned at meschef,
Or meseles lyke,
And her god is a-gon,
And greveth hem to beggen.
Ther is no frere, in feith,
That fareth in this wyse,
That he may beggen his bred,
His bed is y-greithed
{488}
Under a pot he shall be put
In a pryvye chaumbre, 1250
That he shal lyven ne last
But lytel whyle after.
Almyghti God and man,
The merciable blessed,
That han mercy on men
That mis-don hem here.
But who so for-gabbed a frere
Y-founden at the stues,
And brought blod of his bodi,
On back or on syde, 1260
Hym were as good greven
A grete lord of rentes;
He shoulde sonnere ben shryven,
Shortly to tellen,
Though he kilde a comly knyght,
And compasd his mother,
Then a buffet to beden
A beggere frere.
"The clene hertes Christ
He curteyliche blissed 1270
That coveten no catel
But Christes fulle blysse,
That leveth fulliche on God,
And lelliche thenketh
On his lore and his lawe,
And lyveth opon trewthe.
Freres han forgetten this,
And folweth another,
That they may henten they holden,
By-hirneth it sone; 1280
Here hertes ben clen y-hid
In her heighe cloystre,
{489}
As curres from careyne
That is cast in diches.
"And parfiit Christ
The pesible blissede,
That ben suffrant and sobre,
And susteyne anger.
Asay of her sobernesse,
And thou might y-knowen 1290
Ther ne is no waspe in this world
That wil folloke styngen,
For stappyng on a too
Of a styncand frere.
For neyther soveren ne seget
Thei ne suffereth never.
Al thei blessyng of God
Beouten thei walken,
For of her suffraunce, for sothe,
Men say but lytel. 1300
"Alle that persecution
In pure liif suffren,
They han the beneson of God,
Blissed in erthe.
I pray, parceyve now
The pursut of a frere,
In what mesure of a mekenesse
Thise men deleth.
Byhold upon Water Brut
Whou bisiliche thei pursueden, 1310
For he seid hem the sothe.
And yet, syre, ferther
Hy may no more marren hem,
But men telleth
That he is an heretik,
And yvele beleveth.
{490}
And precheth it in pulpit
To blenden the puple.
They wolden awyrien that wight
For his wel dedes, 1320
And so they chewen charité,
As chewen shaf houndes.
And thei pursueth the povere,
And passeth pursutes,
Bothe they wyln and thei wolden
Y-worthen so grete,
To passen any manes myght,
To mortheren the soules;
First to brenne the body
In a bale of fiir, 1330
And sythen the sely soule slen,
And senden hyre to helle.
And Christ clerly forbad
His christene, and defended,
They shoulden nought after the face
Never the folke demen."
"Sire," I seide myself,
"Thou semest to blamen.
Why dispisest thou thus
Thise sely pore freres, 1340
None other men so mychel,
Monkes ne prestes,
Chanons ne charthous
That in chirche serveth?
It semeth that thise sely men
Han somewhat the greved,
Other with word, or with werk,
And therfore thou wilnest
To shenden other shamen hem
With the sharp speche, 1350
{491}
And bannen holliche,
And her hous greven."
"I prey the," quath Peres,
"Put that out of thy mynde;
Certeyn for soule hele
I say the this wordes.
I preise nought pocessioneres
But pur lytel;
For falshed of freres
Hath fulliche encombred 1360
Manye of this maner men,
And maad hem to leven
Her charité and chasteté,
And shosen hem to lustes,
And waxen to werly,
And wayven the trewethe,
And leven the love of her God,
And the werld serven.
But for falshed of freres
I fele in my soule, 1370
Seyng the synful liif,
That sorweth myn herte,
Hou they ben clothed in cloth
That clennest sheweth,
For angeles and archangeles
Alle they whiit useth,
And al aldremen
That ben _ante thronum_.
Thise toknes haven freres taken;
But I trowe that a fewe 1380
Folwen fully that cloth,
But falslyche that useth.
For whiit, in trowthe, bytokeneth
Clennes in soule:--
{492}
Gif he have undernethen whiit,
Thanne he above wereth
Black, that betokeneth
Bale for oure synne,
And mournyng for mis-dede
Of hem that this useth, 1390
And sorwe for synful liif,
So that cloth asketh.
I trowe there ben nought ten freres
That for synne wepen.
For that liif is her lust,
And therby thei libben,
In fraytour and in fermori
Her fostryng is synne;
It is her mete at ich a mel,
Her most sustinaunce. 1400
Herkne opon Hildegare
Hou homlich he telleth
How her sustinaunce is synne;
And syker, as I trowe,
Weren her confessiones
Clenly destrued,
Hy shoulde nought beren hem so brag,
Ne belden so heyghe.
For the fallyng of synne
Socoreth the foles, 1410
And begileth the grete
With glaverynge wordes;
With glosyng of godspels
Thei Godes word turneth,
And passen al the pryvylege
That Peter after used.
The power of the apostles
Thie pasen in speche,
{493}
For to sellen the synnes
For selver other mede. 1420
And purliche _a poena_
The puple asoyleth,
And _a culpa_ also,
That they may kachen
Money other money-worth,
And mede to fonge;
And ben at lone and at bode,
As burgeises useth.
Thus they serven Sathanas,
And soules bygyleth, 1430
Marchaunes of malisones,
Mansede wrecches.
Thei usen russet also
Some of this freres,
That bitokeneth travaile
And treuth upon erthe,
But loke whou this lorels
Laboren the erthe.
But freten the fruyt that the folke
Ful lellich beswynketh; 1440
With travail of trewe men
Thei tymbren her houses,
And of the curiouse cloth
Her copes they beggen;
And als his gettyng is grete
He shal ben good holden.
And right as dranes doth nought
But drynketh up the huny,
Whan been with her busynes
Han brought it to hepe, 1450
Right so fareth freres
With folk opon erthe;
{494}
They freten up the firste froyt,
And falsliche lybbeth.
But alle freres eten nought
Y-liche good mete,
But after that his wynnyng is
Is his wel-fare,
And after that he bringeth hom
His bed shal ben graythed, 1460
And after that his richesse is raught
He shal ben redy served.
But se thiself in thi sight
Whou somme of hem walketh
With clouted shon,
And clothes ful feble,
Wel neigh for-werd,
And the wlon offe;
And his felawe in a frok
Worth swhich fiftene, 1470
Arayd in rede stone,
And elles were reuthe:
And sexe copes or seven
In his celle hongeth;
Though for fayling of good
His felawe shulde sterve,
He wolde nought lenen hym a peny
His liif for to holden.
I myght tymen tho troiflardes
To toylen with the erthe, 1480
Tylyen, and trewlich lyven,
And her flesh tempren.
Now mot ich soutere hys sone
Seten to schole,
And ich a beggeres brol
On the book lerne.
{495}
And worth to a writere
And with a lorde dwelle;
Other falsly to a frere
The fend for to serven; 1490
So of that beggares brol
An abbot shal worthen,
Among the peres of the lond
Prese to sytten,
And lordes sones lowly
To tho losels aloute,
Knyghtes crouketh hem to
And cruccheth ful lowe;
And his syre a soutere
Y-suled in grees, 1500
His teeth with toylyng of lether
Tatered as a sawe.
Alaas! that lordes of the londe
Leveth swiche wrechen,
And leveth swych lorels
For her lowe wordes.
They shulden maken abbots
Her owen bretheren childre,
Other of som gentil blod,
And so yt best semed, 1510
And fostre none forytoures,
Ne swich false freres,
To maken fat and fulle
And her flesh combren.
For her kynde were more
To y-clense diches,
Than ben to sopers y-set first,
And served with sylver.
A grete bolle-ful of benen
Were beter in hys wombe, 1520
{496}
And with the bandes of bakun
His baly for to fillen,
Then pertryches, or plovers,
Or pecokes y-rosted,
And comeren her stomakes
With curiuse drynkes,
That maketh swyche harlotes
Hordom usen,
And with her wikked word
Wymmen bitrayeth. 1530
God wold her wonyynge
Were in wildernesse,
And fals freres forboden
The fayre ladis chaumbres.
For knewe lordes her craft,
Treuly I trowe,
They shulden nought haunten her house
So holy on nyghtes,
Ne bedden swich brothels
In so brode shetes; 1540
But sheten her heved in the stre,
To sharpen her wittes;
Ne ben kynges confessours of custom,
Ne the counsel of the rewme knowe.
For Fraunceis founded hem nought
To faren on that wise,
Ne Domynyk dued hem nevere
Swyche drynkers to worthe,
Ne Helye ne Austyn
Swyche liif never used, 1550
But in povert of spirit
Spended her tyme.
We have seyn ourself
In a short tyme
{497}
Whou freres wolden no flesh
Among the folk usen;
But now the harlotes
Han hyd thilke reule,
And for the love of oure Lord
Han leyd hire in water. 1560
Wenest thou ther wolde so fele
Swich warlawes worthen?
Ne were werliche wele
And her welfare,
Thei shulden delven and dyken,
And dongen the erthe,
And menemong corn breed
To her mete fongen,
And wortes fleshles wrought,
And water to drynken, 1570
And werchen and wolward gon,
As we wrecches usen.
An aunter gif ther wolde on,
Among an hol hundred,
Lyven so for Godes love
In tyme of a wyntere."
"Leve Peres," quath I tho,
"I pray that thou me telle
Whou I may conne my Crede
In Christen byleve." 1580
"Leve brother," quath he,
"Hold that I segge,
I wil techen the the trouthe,
And tellen the the sothe.-- 1584