THIS “O-P BOOK” IS AN AUTHORIZED REPRINT OF THE ORIGINAL EDITION,
PRODUCED BY MICROFILM-XEROX BY UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS, INC., ANN ARBOR,
MICHIGAN, 1961
WORKS ISSUED BY
The Hakluyt Society.
SIR FRANCIS DRAKE
HIS VOYAGE,
1595.
M.DCCC.XLIX.
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
President.
SIR RODERICK IMPEY MURCHISON, G.C.St.S., F.R.S., Corr. Mem. Inst. Fr.,
Hon. Mem. Imp. Acad. Sc. St. Petersburg, &c., &c.
Vice-Presidents.
VICE-ADMIRAL SIR CHARLES MALCOLM, KT.
THE REV. H. H. MILMAN, M.A.
Council.
CHARLES T. BEKE, ESQ., PHIL. D., F.S.A.
CAPT. C. R. D. BETHUNE, R.N., C.B.
CAPT. F. P. BLACKWOOD, R.N.
MAJ.-GEN. J. BRIGGS, F.R.S.
BOLTON CORNEY, ESQ., M.R.S.L.
SIR HENRY ELLIS, K.H., F.R.S.
JOHN FORSTER, ESQ.
J. E. GRAY, ESQ., F.R.S.
JOHN WINTER JONES, ESQ.
R. H. MAJOR, ESQ.
R. MONCKTON MILNES, ESQ., M.P.
CHARLES NEWTON, ESQ.
REV. G. C. RENOUARD, M.A.
W. B. RYE, ESQ.
SIR ROBERT SCHOMBURGK.
ANDREW SMITH, ESQ., M.D.
SIR GEORGE T. STAUNTON, BART, M.P., F.R.S.
Honorary Secretary.
WILLIAM DESBOROUGH COOLEY, F.R.G.S.
Bankers.
MESSRS. BOUVERIE AND CO., 11, HAYMARKET.
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY, which is established for the purpose of printing
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or at the LONDON LIBRARY, 12, St. James’s-square; and by T. RODD, 9,
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Already Published.
The Observations of Sir Richard Hawkins, KNT.
In his Voyage into the South Sea in 1593. Reprinted from the
edition of 1622, and edited by Capt. C. R. DRINKWATER BETHUNE,
R.N., C.B.
SELECT LETTERS OF COLUMBUS,
With Original Documents relating to the DISCOVERY OF THE NEW
WORLD. Translated and Edited by R. H. MAJOR, Esq.
THE DISCOVERIE OF THE EMPIRE OF GUIANA,
By SIR WALTER RALEGH, KNT. Edited, with Copious Explanatory
Notes, and a Biographical Memoir, by SIR ROBERT H. SCHOMBURGK,
Phil. D., &c.
SIR FRANCIS DRAKE HIS VOYAGE, 1595,
By THOMAS MAYNARDE, together with the Spanish Account of
Drake’s Attack on Puerto Rico, edited from the Original MSS. by
W. D. COOLEY.
Works in Progress.
Narratives of Voyages made for the Discovery of a Passage by the
Northwest to Cathaia and India, from A.D. 1490 to A.D. 1631, with
Illustrations from unpublished MSS. by THOMAS RUNDALL.
Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii. The earliest Account of Russia, by
Sigismund von Herberstein, to be translated from the rare editions of
1549 and 1556, by R. H. MAJOR, Esq.
The East India Voyage of Sir Henry Middleton, in 1604-5. From the rare
edition of 1606, edited by BOLTON CORNEY, Esq.
Works Suggested to the Council for Publication.
TRADESCANT THE ELDER IN RUSSIA, 1618.—A Review of the early Voyages
in the North, and of the origin of the Commercial Intercourse between
England and Russia, by DR. J. HAMEL, 1847, to be translated from the
German.
CARPINI AND RUBRUQUIS.—The Travels of John de Plano Carpini, and of
Guillaume de Rubruquis, to the Great Khan of Tartary, in 1245 and 1253
respectively. Translated from the text published by the Société de
Géographie of Paris.
FRESCOBALDI.—The Travels of Frescobaldi in Egypt and Syria, in 1384.
Translated from the Italian text as edited by Manzi.
BÉTHENCOURT.—A History of the Discovery and Conquest of the Canary
Islands, made by Jean de Béthencourt, in 1402-25. From the French
Narrative of his Chaplains, Pierre Bontier and Jean le Verrier.
CA DA MOSTO.—The Voyages of Ca da Mosto along the Western Coast of
Africa, in 1454. Translated from the Italian text of 1507.
VARTHEMA.—The Travels of Ludovico de Varthema, in Egypt, Syria, Arabia,
Persia, India, and Ethiopia, in 1503-8. Translated from the Italian text
of 1510.
DRAKE.—The _world encompassed_ by Sir Francis Drake, 1577-80. Written by
Francis Fletcher, preacher, &c. Collated with a MS.
HAKLUYT.—Divers Voyages touching the Discovery of America and the Islands
adjacent to the same. From the rare edition of 1582.
VIRGINIA.—Virginia in the years 1584-1600; comprising the Narratives of
Arthur Barlowe, Ralf Lane, Thomas Harriot, &c.
RUSSIA.—Of the Russe Commonwealth. By Giles Fletcher, D.C.L. From the
suppressed edition of 1591.
CADIZ.—A Brief and True Report of the Honourable Voyage to Cadiz, 1596.
From the suppressed edition of 1598, with additions.
TRESWELL.—The journey of the Earl of Nottingham to Spain, in 1604. By R.
Treswell, Somerset Herald, with additions.
SOFALAH.—The History of Eastern Ethiopia, by J. dos Santos, 1607.
Translated, with Notes.
COLONIZATION.—Pamphlets on Colonization. By Sir William Alexander
(afterwards Earl of Sterline), and James Hagthorpe.
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RICHARDS, PRINTER, 100, ST. MARTIN’S LANE.
SIR FRANCIS DRAKE
HIS VOYAGE,
1595,
By
THOMAS MAYNARDE,
TOGETHER WITH THE
SPANISH ACCOUNT OF DRAKE’S ATTACK ON PUERTO RICO.
EDITED, FROM THE ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPTS,
BY
W. D. COOLEY.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
M.DCCC.XLIX.
RICHARDS, 100, ST. MARTINS LANE.
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY.
Council.
SIR RODERICK IMPEY MURCHISON, G.C.St.S., F.R.S., Corr. Mem. Inst. Fr.;
Hon. Mem. Imp. Acad. Sc. St. Petersburg, &c. &c., PRESIDENT.
VICE-ADMIRAL SIR CHARLES MALCOLM, Kt. } VICE-PRESIDENTS.
THE REV. H. H. MILMAN, M.A. }
CHARLES T. BEKE, ESQ., PHIL. D., F.S.A.
CAPTAIN C. R. DRINKWATER BETHUNE, R.N., C.B.
CAPTAIN F. P. BLACKWOOD, R.N.
MAJOR-GENERAL J. BRIGGS, F.R.S.
BOLTON CORNEY, ESQ., M.R.S.L.
SIR HENRY ELLIS, K. H., F.R.S.
JOHN FORSTER, ESQ.
J. E. GRAY, ESQ., F.R.S.
JOHN WINTER JONES, ESQ.
R. H. MAJOR, ESQ.
R. MONCKTON MILNES, ESQ., M.P.
CHARLES NEWTON, ESQ.
REVEREND G. C. RENOUARD.
W. G. RYE, ESQ.
SIR ROBERT SCHOMBURGK.
ANDREW SMITH, ESQ., M.D.
SIR GEORGE T. STAUNTON, BART., M.P., F.R.S.
WILLIAM DESBOROUGH COOLEY, ESQ., F.R.G.S., SECRETARY.
PREFACE.
The name of SIR FRANCIS DRAKE is one of the brightest ornaments of
HAKLUYT’s collection; and a Society, which undertakes to continue and
complete the labours of the latter, cannot certainly be better employed
than in publishing documents illustrating the life and achievements of
that distinguished seaman.
In conformity with this view, the two original pieces which follow have
been selected for publication; both brief but full of life, and the first
of them, in particular, very racy and characteristic.
The value of Maynarde’s paper (additional MSS., No. 5209, in the library
of the British Museum), lies in the writer’s intimacy with Sir Francis
Drake, whom he accompanied in the unfortunate expedition which is the
subject of the following narrative, and in the shrewdness of his remarks,
clothed occasionally in the quaintest language. It cannot be denied that
it tends to dispel much of the romance which has hitherto coloured so
brilliantly the history of the naval hero. But truth is thereby a gainer.
Romance elevates the hero at the expense of human nature, and sacrifices
the many for the glory of one. It may not be without advantage to learn,
from the example of one so justly celebrated as Drake, what sordid
motives may be cloaked under the pretence of national glory, and how
mistrustfully we ought to listen to the professedly generous instigators
of war and rapine.
The Spanish paper, Relacion de lo Sucedido, etc., (additional MSS. No.
13,964, British Museum), which has the form of an official report, or
dispatch, is extremely interesting, inasmuch as it allows us to see, in
immediate juxtaposition and direct contrast, the accounts of the affair
at Puerto Rico, as given by the two belligerent parties.
These papers are here reproduced from the originals without change or
emendation; so that their defects, whether attributable to negligence or
ignorance, may be taken into consideration in estimating their intrinsic
worth.
The superficial inaccuracies of Maynarde’s paper are not a few; his
constant misspelling of proper names, as Corasaw for Curaçoa, St. Tomarta
for Sta. Martha, would seem to prove him illiterate. It is still more
important, that, through oversight and omission, he states the number
of the forces, who marched from Nombre de Dios to attack Panama, to be
fifty, instead of seven hundred and fifty.
It is amusing to observe the variance between the Spanish and English
accounts of the same action, both written in good faith. The Spaniards
had but seventy guns, and yet the English reckoned 5160 pieces of
artillery playing on them. This tremendous fire would appear from the
English account to have done no great harm, while the Spaniards allege
that they killed four hundred of the enemy, besides wounding many more.
But this is not the place for a critical examination of the following
pages. The conflicting statements and opinions respecting the closing
scene of Drake’s eventful life, are amply detailed in Mr. Barrow’s
justly popular volume. Here it will be sufficient to observe that
Maynarde’s keen and natural comments on his commanders, proceed from one
who, in regard to Drake, certainly writes in a friendly spirit, and from
whom the truth was wrung by the circumstances of his situation.
W. D. C.
SIR FRANCIS DRAKE
HIS VOYAGE,
1595:
BY
THOMAS MAYNARDE.
SIR FRANCIS DRAKE HIS VOYAGE, 1595.
It appears by the attempts and knowen purposes of the Spaniarde, as by
his greedy desire to bee our neighboure in Bretaine, his fortifienge upon
the river of Brest, to gaine so near us a quiet and safe rode for his
fleet, his carelessness in losinge the strongehouldes and townes which
he possessed in the Lowe Countries, not followinge those warres in that
heate which he wonted, the rebellious rysinge of the Earle of Tyrone
(wrought or drawen thereto undoubtedly by his wicked practises), that
hee leaveth no means unattempted which he judged might bee a furtherance
to turne our tranquillitie into accursed thraldom; so robbinge us of
that quiet peace which wee, from the hands of Her Majestie (next under
God), aboundently enjoy. This his bloodthirstie desire foreseene by the
wisdome of our queene and counsayle, they helde no better meanes to curbe
his unjust pretenses, than by sendinge forces to invade him in that
kingdome from whence hee hath feathers to flye to the toppe of his high
desires; they knowing that if for two or three yeeres a blowe were given
him there, that might hinder the coming into Spaine of his treasure;
his povertie, by reason of his daily huge payments, would be so great,
and his men of warre, most of them mercenaries, that assuredly would
fall from him, so woulde he have more neede of meanes to keepe his owne
territories, than he nowe hath of superfluitie to thruste into others
rights.
This invasion was spoken of in June 1594, a longe time before it was put
in execution; and it beinge partly resolved on, Sir Francis Drake was
named generall in November folowinge:—a man of greate spirit and fitt to
undertake matters: in my poore opinion, better able to conduct forces and
discreetly to governe in conductinge them to places where service was to
be done, than to comande in the execution thereof. But, assuredly, his
very name was a great terror to the enemie in all those partes, havinge
heretofore done many thinges in those countries to his honorable fame
and profitt. But entringe into them as the childe of fortune, it may be
his selfe-willed and peremptorie comand was doubted, and that caused
Her Majestie, as should seeme, to joyne Sir John Hawkins in equall
commission:—a man oulde and warie, entering into matters with so laden a
foote, that the other’s meat woulde be eaten before his spit could come
to the fire: men of so different natures and dispositions, that what the
one desireth the other would commonly oppose against; and though their
warie cariages sequestred it from meaner wittes, yet was it apparently
seen to better judgements before our going from Plymouth, that whom the
one loved, the other smaly esteemed. Agreeing best, for what I could
conjecture, in giving out a glorious title to their intended jorneye,
and in not so well victualinge the navie as, I deeme, was Her Majestie’s
pleasure it shoulde bee, both of them served them to goode purpose, for,
from this havinge the distributinge of so great sommes, their miserable
providinge for us would free them from incurringe any greate losse,
whatsoever befel of the jorney. And the former drewe unto them so greate
repaire of voluntaries[1] that they had choice to discharge suche fewe as
they had pressed, and to enforce the staye of others who gladly would
be partakers of their voyage. But notwithstandinge matters were very
forward, and that they had drawen together three thousand men, and had
ready furnished twenty-seven shippes, whereof six were Her Majestie’s,
yet many times was it very doubtfull whether the jorney should proceed;
and had not the newes of a gallion of the King of Spaine, which was
driven into St. John de Porterico with two millions and a halfe of
tresure, come unto them by the reporte of certaine prisoners, whereof
they advertised Her Majestie, it is very likely it had been broken; but
Her Majestie, persuaded by them of the easie takinge therof, comanded
them to haste their departure.
So on Thursday, being the 28th of August, in the year 1595, havinge
stayed two moneth in Plimouth, we went thence twenty-seven sail, and
were two thousand five hundred men of all sortes. This fleet was devided
into two squadrons; not that it was so appointed by Her Majestie, for
from her was granted as powerfull authoritie unto eyther of them over
the whole as any parte, but Sir Francis victualinge the one halfe and
Sir John the other, it made them, as men afectinge what they had done,
to chalenge a greater prerogative over them than the whole; wherin they
wronged themselves and the action, for wee had not runne sixty or seventy
leagues in our course, before a flagge of councell was put out in the
Garlande, unto which all commanders with the chiefe masters and gentlemen
repayred. Sir Francis complayned that he had a three hundred men more in
his squadron then were in the other, and that he was much pestered in
his owne shipp, wherof he would gladly be eased. Sir John gave no other
hearinge to this motion, but seemed to dislike that he should bring more
than was concluded betwixt them, and this drewe them to some cholericke
speeches. But Sir John would not receave any unles he were entreated:
to this Sir Francis’ stout hearte could never be driven. This was on
the second of September, and after they were somwhat qualified, they
acquainted us that Sir Thomas Baskerville, our coronell generall, was
of theyr counsayle by vertue of the broade seale, and that they would
take unto them Sir Nicholas Clifforde and the other captains appointed
by Her Majestie, who were, eleven for the land, four for the shippes in
which they themselves went not. They gave us instructions for directinge
our course, if, by foule weather or mischange, any should be severed,
and orders what alowances we should put our men into for preservation
of victualls, with other necessary instructions. In the end, Sir John
revealed the places whither wee were bound, in hearinge of the basest
mariner; observinge therin no warlike or provident advice, nor was it
ever amended to the time of theyr deaths, but so he named St. John de
Porterico, where the treasure before spoken of was to be taken, even
withoute blowes, from whence we should go direct to Nombre de Dios, and
so over land to Panama. What other things should fall out by the way, he
esteemed them not worth the naminge, this being sufficient to make a far
greater armie rich to theyr content.
Some seven or eight days after this, we were called aborde the Defiance,
where, Sir Francis Drake propoundinge unto us whether we should give upon
the Canaries or Maderas (for he was resolved to put for one of them by
the way), we seeinge his bent and the earnestnes of the coronel generall,
together with the apparent likelihood of profit, might soon have bin
drawen therto; but consideringe the weightie matters we had undertaken
and how needfull it was to hasten us thether [we did not immediately
assent]. But General Hawkins utterly mislikinge this motion, it beinge
a matter, as hee saide, never before thought of, [he declared he] knewe
no cause why the fleete should staye in any place till they came to the
Indies, unles it should be by his takinge in of so greate numbers to
consume his waters and other provision; the which, if Sir Francis would
acknowledge, hee would ridde him and relieve him the best hee could. Now
the fyer which laye hid in theyr stomacks began to breake forth, and had
not the coronell pacified them, it would have growen farther; but theyr
heat somwhat abated, and they concluded to dine next day aboarde the
Garlande with Sir John, when it was resolved that we should put for the
Grand Canaries, though, in my conscience, whatsoever his tonge saide, Sir
John’s harte was againste.
These matters were well qualified, and for that place we shaped our
course, in which we met with a small flemminge bounde for the Streights
and a small manne of warre of Waymouth, who kept us companie to the
Canaries. On Wensday, the twenty-fourth day, we had sight of Lancerotta
and Forteventura. The twenty-fifth at night we descried the Canaries,
it beinge a monthe after our departure from Plymouth. On Friday, beinge
the twenty-sixth, we came to anchor, some saker shott from a forte which
stands to the west norwest of the harboure. Sir Francis spent much time
in seekinge out the fittest place to land; the enemie therby gaininge
time to drawe theyr forces in rediness to impeach our approach. At length
we puttinge for the shore in our boats and pinnaces, found a great seege
and such power of men to encounter us, that it was then thought it would
hazarde the whole action if we should give further upon it, wherupon
we returned without recevinge or doinge any harme worthy the writinge;
but, undoubtedly, had we lanced under the forte at our first cominge to
anchor, wee had put fayre to bee possessors of the towne, for the delayes
gave the enemie greate stomackes and daunted our owne; and it beinge the
first service our new men were brought into, it was to be doubted they
would prove the worse the whole jorney followinge.
We presently wayed hence and came to anchor the twenty-seventh at the
west south west part of this islande, where wee watered. Here Captaine
Grimstone, one of the twelve captaines for lande, was slaine by
the mountainors, with his boy and a surgeon. Hence wee departed the
twenty-eighth, houldinge our course south-west three weeks, then we
ran west south west and west and by south till the twenty-seventh of
October, on which day we had sight of Maten, an island lying south-est
from Dominica. Our generalls ment to water at Guadalupe, for Dominica
beinge inhabited by Indians, our men straglinge soon would have their
throates cutte. Generall Drake lyinge ahead the fleet, ran in by the
mouth of Dominica, Sir John by south. The twenty-ninth we anchored under
Guadalupe; Sir Francis beinge there a daye before us. On the thirtieth,
Josias, captaine of the Delight, brought newes to the generalls, that the
Francis, a small shippe of companie, was taken by nine frigotts, wherupon
Sir Francis would presently have folowed them either with the whole
fleete or some parte, for that he knew our intentions were discovered
by reason they were so openly made knowne, as I afore have set downe,
by Sir John Hawkins. Sir John would in no wise agree to eyther of these
motions, and he was assisted in his opinion by Sir Nicholas Clifforde,
all others furtheringe his desires, which might be a means to staye them
for goinge into Porterico before us; but Sir John prevayled, for that hee
was sickly, Sir Francis beinge loth to breed his further disquiet. The
reason of his stay was, to trimme his shippes, mounte his ordinance, take
in water, set by some new pinnaces, and to make things in that rediness,
that he cared not to meet with the king’s whole fleete. Heere we stayed
doinge these necessaries three dayes. This is a desarte, and was without
inhabitants.
On the fourth of November we departed, and being becalmed under the lee
of the land, Sir Francis caused the Richarde, one of the victuallers,
to be unladen and sunk. The eighth wee anchored amonge the Virginees,
other west ilandes: heere we drew our companie on shore, that every man
might knowe his colours, and wee founde our companie shorte of the one
thousand two hundred promised for lande service, few of the captains
having above ninety, most not eighty, some not fifty; which fell out
partly for that the generalls had selected to them a companie for theyr
guarde, of many of the gallantest men of the army. Sir John his sicknes
incresed. Sir Francis apointed captaines to the merchants’ shippes: this
consumed time till the eleventh, when we passed a sounde, though, by
our mariners, never passed by fleet afore, and we came to anchor before
Porterico on the twelfth, about three of the clocke in the afternoone,
at what time Sir John Hawkins died. I made my men ready presently to
have landed, knowinge that our sodaine resolution would greatly have
danted the enemie, and have held our [own men] in opinion of assured
victory; but I was countermanded by authoritie, and during the time
of our deliberation, the enemie labored by all meanes to cause us to
disankar, so workinge, that within an houre hee had planted three or
four pieces of artillery upon the shore next unto us, and playinge upon
the Defiance, knowing her to be the Admirall, whilest our generalls sate
at souper with Sir Nicholas Clifford and diverse other, a shotte came
amongst them, wherwith Sir Nicholas, Brute, Brown, Captain Strafford, who
had Greenstone’s company, and some standers by, were hurte. Sir Nicholas
died that night, so secondinge Sir John Hawkins in his death as he did
in his opinion at Guadalupe. My brother Browne lived five or six days
after, and died much bewayled. This shotte made our generall to way and
fall further to the westward, where we rode safely. The five frigotts
before spoken of rode within their forts: wee had no place nowe to lande
our men but within them in the face of the towne, which was dangerous,
for that both shippes and forts could playe on us; it was therefore
concluded that boats should fire them where they rode. Captain Poore and
mysealfe had the comande of this service; for the regiments, Captain
Salisburie comandinge; the grand captain companye was sent by the
generalls; diverse sea commanders were also sent; and on the thirteenth
at night passinge in harde under the forte, we set three of them on fire;
only one of which, it was my chance to undertake, was burnt; on the
others, the fire held not by reason that being once out they were not
maintained with newe. The burnte shippe gave a greate light, the enemie
thereby playinge upon us with their ordinance and small shotte as if it
had been fayre daye, and sinkinge some of our boates: a man could hardly
comande his mariners to row, they foolishly thinkinge every place more
dangerous than where they were, when, indeede, none was sure. Thus doinge
no harme, we returned with two or three prisoners, when, indeede, in
my poore oppinion, it had binne an easier matter to bringe them out of
the harborowe than fire them as wee did, for our men aboard the shippes
numbred five thousand one hundred and sixty peeces of artillerie that
played on us during this service; and it had binne less dangerous to have
abidden them close in the frigotts and in the darke than as wee did;
but great comanders many tymes fayle in theyre judgment, beinge crost
by a compartner; but I had cause of more griefe than the Indies could
yielde mee of joye, losinge my Alfierez,[2] Davis Pursell; Mr. Vaughan,
a brother-in-law of Sir John Hawkins, with three others; Thomas Powton,
with five or six more hurte and maimed; and was somwhat discomfited,
for the generall feigned heere to set up his rest; but examininge the
prisoners, by whom hee understoode that these frigotts were sent for his
treasure, and that they would have fallen amonge us at Guadalupe had
they not taken the Francis, his minde altered: callinge to counsaile, he
comanded us to give our opinions what we thought of the strength of the
place. Most thought it would hazard the whole action. But one Rush, a
captaine, more to mee aleadged that without better puttinge for it, [than
by] the bare lookinge upon the outside of the forts, we could hardly
give such judgment; and I set it playnely under my hande, that if we
resolutely attempted it, all was ours; and that I persuaded mysealfe no
towne in the Indies could yielde us more honnor or profitte. The generall
presently saide: “I will bring thee to twenty places farre more wealthye
and easier to be gotten.” Such-like speeches I thinke had bewitched the
coronell for he most desired him to hasten him hence.
The enemie, the day after we had fired the frigotts, suncke together four
to save us labour, but chiefly to strengthen their fortes: two other
greate shippes they suncke and fired in the mouth of the harborowe to
give them light to playe on us from theyr fortes as we entred the first
night. And hence we went the fifteenth. Heere I left all hope of good
successe.
On the nineteenth we came to anchor in a fayre baye (the baye of Sta.
Jermana), at the westermost part of the ilande, where wee stayed till
the twenty-fourth, settinge up more newe pinnaces and unlodinge the
other newe victualler, the generall takinge the most parte into his owne
shippe as he did of the former. Captaine Yorke, in the Hope, was made
vice-admirall. This is a very pleasant and fertile ilande, having upon
it goode store of cattell, fruites, and fish, with all thinges necessary
to man’s sustenance; and were it well manured, no place could yielde
it in greater abundance or better. Departing hence, we had our course
for Corasaw.[3] The seconde daye after our puttinge of, the Exchange, a
small shippe, spronge her mast, and was sunke; the men and parte of the
victualls were saved by other shippes. Twenty-ninth.—Upon Corasaw there
is great store of cattell and goates, and we fell with it upon Saturday
the twenty-ninth; but our generall, deceaved by the currante and westerly
course, made it for Arabir,[4] an iland lyinge ten or twelve leagues
to the westwarde, and so made no staye; when, next morninge descryenge
whether hee founde his error, wee bore with Cape De la Vela, and from
thence our coronell, with all the companies in the pinnaces and boates
were sent to the cittie of Rio de la Hacha, and with small resistance
wee tooke it the first of December at night. The generall came unto us
the next morning with the fleete. This towne was left bare of goodes:
the inhabitants havinge intelligence of our cominge, had caried all in
the woodes, and hid theyr treasure in casshes;[5] but, stayinge heere
seventeen days, wee made so goode search, that little remained unfounde
within four leagues of the towne. We tooke many prisoners, Spaniards and
negroes, some slaves repairinge to us voluntarily. The generall with two
hundred men went in boates to Lancheria, which is a place where they fish
for pearle, standinge ten leagues to the estwarde of theyr towne, from
whence they brought goode store of pearle, and tooke a carvell, in which
was some monie, wine, and myrr.
During our stay heere, the governor once, diverse others often, repaired
unto us to redeeme theyr towne, Lancheria, boates and slaves. They did
this to gaine time to convey away the kinge’s treasure and to advertyse
theyr neighbour towne to convey their treasure in more safetye then
themselves had done; for the whole (except the slaves who voluntarily
repayred unto us) was yielded unto them for twenty-four thousand peasos,
five shillings and sixpence a peece, to bee payde in pearles; bringinge
these to theyr towne at the daye and valuinge in double the price they
were worth. Our generall delivered the hostages and set their towne
(Lancheria) and boates on fire, carryinge their slaves with us. The
wealth we had heere was given to countervayle the charge of the jorney;
but I feare it will not so prove in the end. Our vice-admirall, Captaine
Yorcke, died heere of sicknes. This is an exceedinge goode countrye,
champion and well inhabited; great store of cattayle, horses, sheepe,
goates, fish, and fowle, wheron wee fedde, but smale store of graine or
fruite neere the towne, rich only in pearle and cattell.
The twentieth, being Saturday, we came to St. Tomarta.[6] We suncke
two catches before we came to Rio de la Hacha, which we brought out of
England. Presently, upon our coming to anchors, we landed and gave upon
the town. We found small resistance more than a fewe shotte playinge out
of the woodes as we marched towards the towne. Companies were presently
sent abroade to discover and searche the countrye. The inhabitants had to
long forewarninge to carry theyr goods out of our possibilitie to find
them in so short time; little or nothing of valew was gotten, only the
Leiftenant-governor and some others were taken prisoners; and firyinge
the towne the twenty-first, we departed.
Captain Worrell, our trenchmaster, died at this towne of sicknes. This
was a very prettie towne, and six leagues off there was a gould mine.
If part of our companie had been sent thither upon our first arrival
at Rio de la Hacha, doubtles we had done much goode, but now they had
scrube it very bare. In this place was great store of fruite and much
fernandobuck;[7] for that the winde blewe so extremely, and the rode
wilde, we could not shippe it. Before we departed hence, it was concluded
that we should passe Cartagena and go directly for Nombre de Dios. We
anchored in the rode on Sunday followinge, beinge the twenty-seventh;
and landinge presently, receavinge some small shotte from the towne, we
founde small resistance more than a little forte at the east side of
theyr towne, in which they had left one peece of ordinance which brake
at the first shotte. They gave upon us as we gave upon them: certaine
prisoners were taken in the flyinge, who made it knowne, that havinge
intelligence, longe before, of our cominge, theyr treasure was conveyed
to places of more safetie, eyther to Panama or secretly hidden; and it
might very well bee, for the towne was left very bare; wherefore it was
resolved that we should hasten with speed for Panama. Nombre de Dios
standeth on the north-side sea, Panama upon the south, distant some
eighteen or nineteen leagues. There were only two wayes to get thither;
one by the river Chagree, which lyeth to the westward twenty leagues;
upon this it is passable within five leagues of Panama: the other through
deserts and over mountaines voide of inhabitants: this was troublesom
and harde, as well for want of means to carry our provision of meate
and munition as for the ill passage with an armie through these deserts
and unknown places. That by the river our generall held more dangerous,
fayninge there was no place for our fleet to wade safely. This made our
coronell to yeelde to the waye by the mountaine, though he and others
foresawe the danger before our settinge hence; but he resolved to make
tryall of what coulde be done.