THE EVIL ONE
At noon on the tenth day after leaving Diarbekr and the fourth from
Jezireh we caught sight of the minarets and cupolas of Mosul, and
floated for a couple of miles under the chain of limestone cliffs on
the end of which the town is built. We had hardly got within sight of
the town itself when a fearful cannonading met our ears, accompanied by
piercing screams and savage yells. It sounded as if the walls were
being attacked by battering-rams, and all along the shore line at their
base we could faintly distinguish a seething line of human beings
brandishing some form of weapon. We were evidently going to be
eye-witnesses of a tribal disturbance which would cause diplomatic
unrest in Europe, and who knows but what our participation in it would
not brand us with fame for the rest of time. I determined to make full
use of the opportunity and prepared my camera and notebook.
The Zaptiehs, however, seemed quite unconcerned, and we understood from
them that there was no cause for alarm, and that this sort of thing was
of weekly occurrence in Mosul. On floating up to the scene of action we
realised that it was indeed only Mosul's washing-day. All along the
shore, as far as we could see, under the walls of the town stretched a
continuous line of women beating clothes with flat sticks on the stones
at the water's edge; and the screams resolved themselves into the
ordinary sounds usually emitted where women congregate in large
numbers. Truly, the men of the East are wise in their generation. They
had thus solved the problem of washing-day and all its horrors, and
were left in peaceful and undisputed possession of their hearths and
tempers. The women were there in their hundreds, and, as we approached
the bridge of boats which crossed the river lower down, we floated past
a small army of them on the opposite shore, where a flat stretch of mud
was covered with gaudy rags laid out to dry. Mosul, I believe, derives
its name from the manufacture of muslin carried on there, and the
guide-book informs us that it is chiefly remarkable for the Assyrian
mounds found near it. I am bound to confess, however, that it is
indelibly impressed on my mind solely in its connection with the vulgar
art of washing.
We had to wait several days at Mosul while a new raft was being
constructed, on to which our huts were bodily transferred. The skins on
which we had floated so far were deflated and the kalekjis would return
with them to Diarbekr by land on donkey back.
We spent the time visiting the historic mounds of Koyunjik and
Khorsabad, for detailed information on which I must refer the reader to
the works of Layard and Botha and King. The site of Nineveh to the
uninitiated eye is represented by the great mound of Koyunjik, which
rises out of the flat country on the opposite side of the river to
Mosul; it is surrounded by smaller tumuli representing parts of the
ancient walls. Here and there are patches of cultivation, and at the
time of our visit the bare brown earth was beginning to show promise of
being covered by a scanty vegetation. Of winged bulls, of lettered
slabs, of cylinders, of all the wondrous contents of the palaces of the
ancient Assyrian kings, now ensconced in the museums of Western cities,
the only indication we had on the spot were the subterranean tunnels,
now choked with fallen debris, from which these evidences had been
removed; and the broken bits of masonry and pottery which were strewn
promiscuously about the surface. From the summit we obtained a
comprehensive view of the country: of Mosul at our feet standing on its
limestone cliffs at the farther side of the Tigris, and of the distant
country through which the river wandered southwards; a great plain
dotted with villages round which patches of cultivated land were
already green with the rising corn. Long strings of mules laden with
cabbage and other vegetables came in from the outlying villages and
swelled the motley coloured crowd at the stalls established on this
side of the river, or passed on over the rickety wooden bridge to the
bazaars inside the town.
The exertion of living on land for these few days had seemed so very
great that we were not sorry when we found ourselves afloat once more
on the new raft and with a new set of men. Achmet and Ali had bidden us
a tearful farewell, and we now had one Zaptieh only as escort, an Arab
also named Ali. He was a Chous,[7] and I will give him his full title
to distinguish him from our late friend. A picturesque kalekji is
almost an essential in such close quarters as a raft, and up till now
we had rejoiced in the brightly-striped Kurdish coats and turbans of
our first kalekjis, and the clean, flowing, white abba of our Jezireh
friend. The two men who were to take us from Mosul to Baghdad presented
a very different appearance. Unlike most Arabs, they were both huge,
stout men, and were dressed in rough brown camel-hair cloaks over
unwashed white under-garments. One of them we nicknamed at once the
Evil One; he had the most excruciatingly wicked face imaginable--and
the terror of it was considerably heightened when he tried to
superinduce a conciliating smile on his hideous expression of
wickedness.
[7] Sergeant.
The country below Mosul was decidedly tame; the dry brown plain was
fringed by the already green banks of the river. The river itself was
now much wider, and here and there its course would be divided by
islands with low, swampy banks, round which the waters would lose
themselves in marshy tracts, where herons waded in and out and
innumerable black ducks dived and spluttered amongst the rushes. The
jungle round was the haunt of the wild boar, jackal, and hyena. It was
hard to believe that a few weeks later the first spring sun would call
forth wild masses of gorgeous flowers and long, rank grasses, and that
the whole country would be teeming with succulent vegetation.
It was, indeed, a monotonous bit of country. The sun had not yet melted
the snows of the distant Armenian hills, which later on would cause a
rapid flood to the river, and we progressed very slowly in the low,
sluggish waters. Our two kalekjis displayed no desire to hurry matters
by their own exertions, and leant on their oars all day, disturbing the
general harmony by constant quarrelling in harsh, grating voices. Now
and then Ali Chous, who was fat and meek, would address himself to them
in a soothing, almost pleading tone of voice. The purport of their
remarks was lost to us, as their conversation was carried on in Arabic,
and we found it hard to extract any information out of Ali, who could
communicate with us in Turkish.
"Tell them they must stop talking and row," I said; "we are hardly
moving at all."
And Ali Chous would answer:
"They will row, Effendi, indeed they will row." And the kalekjis rested
on their oars as before, and the Evil One would smile at me, distorting
his evil countenance with a diabolical grin.
Finally, Ali informed us, in his anxious, conciliating tone, that they
had brought no food with them and that they were hungry. If the Pashas
would give them bread they could row; now they were faint. This was a
favourite Eastern dodge with which we were well acquainted by this
time. The kalekjis were always engaged with the understanding that they
fed themselves, and knowing the fatal results of giving in on such
points we hardened our countenances.
"Tell them we cannot help that; they knew they had to bring their own
food, and if they starve it is not our fault." And the Evil One, on
hearing this through Ali's no doubt modified interpretation, gave us
another grin, even more diabolical than before.
When we retired into the hut for our next meal I took the precaution of
cutting a hole in the felt wall, and peeping through it, saw them
comfortably ensconced at the furthest end of the raft, eating bread and
scraps of meat out of a dirty linen bag, which they hastily sat on when
we reappeared.
Arten was terribly afraid of them, and I knew what that meant.
"Arten," I said to him early in the day, "if you dare to give these men
any food without my leave we will land you at the next village."
Arten hastily disclaimed any intention of giving them food, but he
evidently cherished the thought as quite a good idea; after all, he was
more alarmed of them even than he was of me.
Early on the second day we arrived at a small village, where it seemed
as if we were expected. There was a crowd on the banks, and one of the
men was waiting with a large sack. Ali explained to us that it
contained the kalekjis' bread, and that we must land to take it on
board.
The Evil One waded on shore with the rope, which he made fast to a
rock. A little further down the banks were several natives making a
raft, and I strolled down to have a look at them. One man sat on the
ground with a pile of skins beside him. The skins had been cut off
above the hind legs, and the man was engaged in tying up this end, and
the openings of the fore legs, with string. One end of the string was
tied round his big toe, and he worked the other end up and down round
the gathered end of the skin until the tied ends were quite air-tight.
Then he threw the skin to another man, who blew into the open fore end
until it was inflated, when he tied it up. A third man stood in the
water, tying the inflated skins on to the poplar poles with the ends of
the same strings that had served to tie up the openings.
After watching them a little time I returned to our raft. By this time
the whole village had turned out, and a great uproar was going on.
"What's up?" I said to X, who had not left the raft.
"I've been trying to find out," said X. "The Evil One has displeased
them somehow and they will not let him go."
We instructed Ali Chous to insist on our going on. The second kalekji,
Jedan by name, seemed only too delighted; he kept winking at us and
pointing derisively at the Evil One. He untied the rope and shoved off.
A man on the shore promptly seized the rope and held us back.
"Get a stick," said X, "and give him a smack on his head."
X was of a peaceable disposition, and I daresay she was laughing at me.
She enjoyed seeing me get angry. But it was in our contract that I
should do all the manual labour connected with keeping order, so I
obediently seized a long pole, and let it descend gently on the
offender's shoulder. He turned round and stared, dropping the rope with
an astonished grin. The crowd burst into joyous shouts and pointed at
the Evil One, who still stood expostulating angrily in their midst.
"Hit him!" they yelled, "he is the one to hit!" and quite believing
them I transferred my attentions, along with the end of the pole, to
his shoulder.
"Come!" I shouted. It sounds tame, but it was the only Arabic word I
knew. The raft slowly drifted down-stream and the Evil One, dashing in
up to his waist, clambered on board.
Ali explained to us that he refused to pay enough for his bread, and
that the crowd would not let him go until he had done so.
The Evil One grinned, and, diving into the bag, offered me a dirty
piece of native bread in his still dirtier fingers. He would share his
food with us, though we refused to do so with him; a typical Eastern
method of putting one in the wrong.
The waters were still sluggish, and the men seemed determined to do no
work.
"I am beginning to think they are in league with some one on shore,"
said X. "It cannot be to their advantage to be so long on the way, as
they are paid a lump sum to get us to Baghdad, and we are not feeding
them. I quite expect we shall be held up and robbed before evening."
Finding that orders and threats were of no use and learning from Ali
that Jedan, the second kalekji, was afraid of the Evil One, who would
not allow him to row, I sat down facing them and produced my revolver.
"Tell the bad kalekji," I said to Ali Chous, "that if he does not row I
will shoot him."
The Evil One, greatly to my astonishment, appeared to believe in the
possibility of bloodshed and set to work at the oars. All the rest of
the day I sat with my revolver at his head. It was a most fatiguing, if
effectual, process.
"Supposing he does stop rowing," said X, "will you shoot him?"
"I cannot think what I shall do," I said; "the only way will be to fire
over his head and pretend I've missed him."
"Mind you do miss him," said X languidly.
"Sure to," I answered hopefully.
Some hours before sunset we were held up in a manner which admitted of
no blame being attached to the Evil One. A strong head-wind arose,
before which the raft refused to make headway, and we were forced to
take refuge on a dreary mud bank which sloped down to the water's edge
under a low line of shaley rocks.
The men sat about cross and disconsolate. It was very unsafe, they
said, to spend the night so far from a village. We should certainly be
attacked; the Evil One had arranged this--wind and all. We might be
there for days, and what should we do for food? Tired of looking at all
their sulky faces, I clambered up the cliff above to see what I could
see. The top of the hill was as level as if it had been flattened out
by a giant with a hot iron. A low line of hills with equally flattened
tops at a little distance hid the further view. I walked to the top of
them, led on by the sort of fascination which makes one wish to see
what is hidden between one and the horizon. Having reached the top
there was nothing to be seen but repeated lines of naked, flat-topped
hills. The dreary loneliness of the place, its utter nakedness, in
which one seemed shut off from all the real things of life, colour,
sound, space, and growth, descended like a physical weight on one's
senses. It was all like one great senseless punishment, which from its
sheer callousness held one, with mingled fascination and terror, rooted
to the spot. With an effort I turned to retrace my steps, when my eye
caught sight of a dark object on the same line of hills on which I
stood, which made my blood turn cold. A wild-looking, half-naked Arab,
who seemed to have dropped suddenly from the sky, was standing
motionless gazing at me from a little distance. For one moment I stood
transfixed with nameless dread; the whole feeling of terror which had
been established by the mere aspect of the country seemed now to be
concentrated and personified in this sudden apparition. What hordes of
like beings might not be concealed behind these mysterious hillocks? He
moved one step towards me and I turned and fled, down the slope and
across the level plain to the edge of the cliff under which the raft
was moored. The apparition pursued me silently. On reaching the edge of
the cliff I peered over and could see the crew of the raft still
occupying the disconsolate positions in which I had left them. My
senses now slowly returned, and I sat down to await the arrival of the
apparition out of consideration to my own self-respect. He was still
some distance from me, and, on seeing me sit down, he also sat down and
we gazed at one another. The comic element in the scene asserted
itself. A savage and I holding each other at bay like two dogs
preparing for a fight on the top of the cliff, and down below X sitting
unconcernedly on the raft reading the "Meditations of Marcus Aurelius."
I laughed out loud; the savage sprang to his feet with a yell,
brandished his arms in the air, and darting up a neighbouring slope
disappeared behind it as suddenly as he had appeared.
I slid down the cliff and joined X.
"Where have you been?" she said. "I was just going to send Ali to look
for you; he says it is not safe to go out of sight of the raft."
"I was only on the top," I answered, too ashamed to enter into further
details.
We discussed our general situation in bed that night.
"X," I said, "if you met a savage all alone in a wild piece of country
what would you do?"
"Why, go up and speak to him, of course," said X; "it would be awfully
interesting. What would you do?"
"I don't know," I answered; "I want to go to sleep now."
The wind dropped in the night, and at the first break of day we were
off once more.