=R=
Radenhurst, W. H., Perth, 719
Ratcliffe, John, 546
Ratcliffe, Rev. J. H., St. Catharines, 378
Raymond, Rev. Joseph Sabin, St. Hyacinthe, 686
Read, John, Stratford, 416
Read, Rev. P. C., M.A., Lennoxville, 704
Reddin, James Henry, Charlottetown, 54
Reddy, John, M.D., 85
Reed, Robert, St. John, 557
Reid, Rev. Charles Peter, Sherbrooke, 530
Rexford, Rev. Elson Irving, B.A., Quebec, 486
Reesor, Hon. D., Toronto, 704
Rice, Charles, Perth, 75
Richard, Rev. Cannon Louis, A.M., Three Rivers, 476
Richey, Hon. Matthew H., Q.C., D.C.L., Lieut.-Gov., 380
Halifax,
Richey, Rev. Matthew, D.D., 471
Ritchie, Hon. J. N., Judge, Halifax, 193
Ritchie, Hon. Robert J., M.P.P., St. John, 702
Rivard, A. M., M.D., Sheriff, Joliette, 568
Robb, Alexander, Amherst, 179
Robb, David W., Amherst, 183
Roberts, C. G. D., M.A., Windsor, N.S., 368
Robertson, Andrew, Montreal, 314
Robertson, George, St. John, 336
Robertson, Henry, LL.B., Collingwood, 808
Robertson, Hon. T., Judge, Hamilton, 799
Robertson, N., Walkerton, 776
Robillard, Alexander, M.P.P., Russel, 486
Robinson, D. A., M.D., Coaticook, 751
Robinson, Samuel Skiffington, Orillia, 252
Robitaille, Louis Adolphe, Quebec, 663
Roche, William, Jr., M.P.P., Halifax, 217
Rogers, Henry Cassady, Peterboro’, 147, 816
Rogers, Lieut.-Col. R. Z., Grafton, 765
Rogers, Rev. Jabez A., Windsor, N.S., 534
Rolland, Hon. J. B., Montreal, 793
Rose, George Maclean, Toronto, 731
Rose, Hon. John E., LL.D., Judge, Toronto, 737
Rosebrugh, John W., M.D., Hamilton, 314
Ross, Alexander Milton, M.D., Montreal, 118
Ross, Hon. David Alexander, Q.C., Quebec, 300
Ross, Hon. James Gibb, Quebec, 648
Ross, Hon. William, Halifax, 189
Ross, James Duncan, M.D., Moncton, 136
Rottot, Jean Philippe, M.D., Montreal, 128
Rourke, James, St. Martin’s, 375
Rousseau, Joseph Thomas, St. Hyacinthe, 518
Routhier, Hon. A. B., LL.D., Quebec, 755
Roy, Rouer Joseph, Q.C., Montreal, 667
Ruel, James Rhodes, St. John, 228
Russell, Willis, Quebec, 535
Rutherford, John, J.P., Owen Sound, 289
Ryan, Hon. Patrick George, M.P.P., Caraquet, 736
=S=
Saint-Cyr, D. N. D., Quebec, 379
Saint-Pierre, Henri C., Montreal, 69
Sanderson, Rev. Dr. G. R., Sarnia, 65
Sandford, Hon. W. E., Hamilton, 753
Sangster, Charles, Kingston, 423
Scarth, William Bain, M.P., Winnipeg, 624
Schiller, Charles Edward, Montreal, 677
Scott, Capt. Peter Astle, R.N., 700
Scott, Hon. Richard W., Q.C., Ottawa, 758
Scott, Lieut.-Col. Thomas, Winnipeg, 715
Sears, Lieut. James Walker, Toronto, 606
Sedgewick, Robert, Q.C., Halifax, 422
Sénécal, Hon. Louis Adelard, Montreal, 452
Senkler, William Stevens, Judge, Perth, 52
Seymour, James, St. Catharines, 544
Shakespeare, Noah, Victoria, 297, 816
Shannon, Hon. S. L., D.C.L., Halifax, 756
Shaw, Lieut.-Col. James, 68
Shearer, James Traill, Montreal, 654
Shehyn, Hon. Joseph, M.P.P., Quebec, 539
Shields, John, Toronto, 551
Shorey, Hollis, Montreal, 651
Shortt, Rev. William, B. D., Walkerton, 747
Sicotte, Hon. Louis Victor, St. Hyacinthe, 438
Sifton, Hon. John Wright, Brandon, 46
Silver, William Chamberlain, Halifax, 318
Simcoe, Lieut.-General John Graves, 181
Sinclair, Donald, Walkerton, 757
Skinner, Hon. Charles N., Q.C., St. John, 401
Slack, Edward, Waterloo, Q., 463
Slaven, John Wallace, Orillia, 650
Smart, William Lynn, Hamilton, 468
Smith, Andrew, F.R.C.V.S., Toronto, 726
Smith, A. Lapthorn, B.A., M.D., Montreal, 681
Smith, G. B., M.P.P., Toronto, 791
Smith, Rev. H. Percy W., Dunnville, 209
Smith, Rev. James Cowie, M.A., B.D., Guelph, 680
Smith, Rev. John, Toronto, 515
Smith, John H., Buffalo, 56
Smith, Robert Barry, Moncton, 331
Smith, Robert Herbert, Quebec, 462
Smith, William, M.P., Columbus, 503
Spencer, Charles Worthington, Montreal, 507
Spencer, E. E., M.P.P., Frelighsburg, 382
Sprague, Thomas Farmer, M.D., Woodstock, 145
Starnes, Hon. Lieut-Col. Henry, Montreal, 749
Steadman, James, Fredericton, 543
Steele, Rev. D. A., A.M., Amherst, 264
Steeves, Chipman Archibald, Moncton, 326
Steeves, James Thomas, M.D., St. John, 151
Stennett, Rev. Canon Walter, M.A., Cobourg, 272
Stephen, Alexander, Halifax, 762
Stephen, Sir George, Baronet, Montreal, 231
Stephenson, Major James, Montreal, 665
Sterling, Alexander Addison, Fredericton, 705
Stevens, Hon. Gardner Green, Waterloo, Q., 585
Stevens, Rev. Lorenzo Gorham, A.M., B.D., Portland, 25
N.B.,
Stevenson, Major S. C., Montreal, 492
Stewart, George Jr., D.C.L., F.R.G.S., F.R.S.C., 227
Quebec,
Stewart, John, Woodstock, 204
Stewart, Rev. William James, Portland, N.B., 37
St. George, Percival Walter, C.E., Montreal, 134
St. George, Rev. Charles, Iberville, 720
Stockton, Alfred Augustus, D.C.L., Ph.D., LL.D., 116
M.P.P., St. John,
Strachan, Right Rev. John, LL.D., D.D., 371
Strange, Major-General T. B., Kingston, 784
Stratford, John H., Brantford, 58, 816
Strothard, Rev. James, Halifax, 334
Stuart, Sir Andrew, Knight, Quebec, 640
Sturdee, Henry L., M.A., Portland, N.B., 426
Sutherland, Hugh McKay, Winnipeg, 620
Sutherland, Rev. Alexander, D.D., Toronto, 86
Sullivan, Hon. W. W., Charlottetown, 429
Sweeny, Right Rev. John, D.D., R.C. Bishop, St. 455
John,
=T=
Taché, Eugene Etienne, Quebec, 376
Taillon, Alphonse Antoine, Sorel, 537
Talbot, Hon. Thomas, 157
Tartre, Joseph Raphael, M.P., Waterloo, Q., 593
Taschereau, His Eminence Elzéar-Alexandre, Cardinal, 625
Quebec,
Taschereau, Hon. Henry T., B.L., B.C.L., Judge, 410
Montreal,
Taschereau, Hon. H. E., Judge, Ottawa, 434
Taschereau, Hon. J. T., LL.D., Quebec, 610
Taylor, Henry, Perth, 78
Tellier, Hon. Louis, Judge, St. Hyacinthe, 443
Tessier, Jules, M.P.P., Quebec, 608
Tetreau, Rev. F., St. Hyacinthe, 508
Thomas, N. W., Coaticook, 763
Thomas, Rev. B. D., D.D., Toronto, 379
Thompson, David, 727
Thompson, Hon. J. S. D., Q.C., M.P., Ottawa, 283
Thompson, Lieut.-Col. D. C., Quebec, 394
Thorne, William Henry, St. John, 306
Thornton, John, Coaticook, 439
Tilley, Sir S. L., K.C.M.G., Fredericton, 60
Tims, Frank Dillon, Quebec, 545
Tomkins, Rev. John, 652
Tooke, Benjamin, Montreal, 699
Torey, Edgar J., 705
Torrance, David, 400
Torrance, Hon. F. W., B.C.L., Montreal, 393
Torrance, Rev. Robert, D.D., Guelph, 33
Torrington, Frederick Herbert, Toronto, 546
Tourangeau, Adolphe G., Quebec, 477
Trenaman, Thomas, M.D., Halifax, 554
Trueman, Hermon Silas, M.D., Sackville, 335
Tupper, Hon, Sir Charles, G.C.M.G., C.B., D.C.L., 642
Ottawa,
Turcotte, Hon. Arthur, Q.C., Three Rivers, 445
Turnbull, Lieut.-Col. James Ferdinand, Quebec, 403
Turnbull, William Wallace, St. John, 143
Tyrwhitt, Lieut.-Col. R., M.P., Bradford, 461
=U=
Underhay, J. C., M.P.P., Bay Fortune, 415
Unsworth, Joseph Lennon, Charlottetown, 653
Ure, Rev. Robert, D.D., Goderich, 375
Ussher, Right Rev. B. B., M.D., Montreal, 19
=V=
Valin, Pierre, Vincent, Chateau Richer, 383
Vallee, Thomas E. A., M.D., Quebec, 538
Van Horne, William C., Montreal, 469
Van Koughnet, S. J., Q.C., Toronto, 795
Van Wyck, Rev. James, Toronto, 152
Vaughan, William, St. Martins, 458
Vidal, Major Henry Beaufort, Toronto, 533
=W=
Wade, Edward Harper, Quebec, 430
Waddell, John, M.D., 29
Wainwright, William, Montreal, 736
Walker, Thomas, M.D., St. John, 538
Wallace, Joseph James, Truro, 298
Wallace, Rev. Robert, Toronto, 418
Wallbridge, Hon. Lewis, 374
Wallis, Herbert, Montreal, 81
Wanless, John, M.D., Montreal, 128
Watson, George, Collingwood, 125
Webster, Walter Chester, Coaticook, 678
Weeks, Otto Swartz, M.P.P., Halifax, 668
Wedderburn, Hon. W., Judge, Hampton, 150
Weir, W., Montreal, 527
Weldon, R. C., B.A., Ph.D., M.P., Halifax, 661
Weller, C. A., Judge, Peterborough, 673
Wells, Hon. R. M., Toronto, 639
Welton, Rev. Daniel Morse, D.D., Toronto, 529
Whelan, Hon. Edward, Charlottetown, 414
Whidden, Charles Blanchard, Antigonish, 190
White, Hon. Thomas, M.P., Ottawa, 744
Whitney, Henry A., Moncton, 364
Wickwire, William Nathan, M.D., Halifax, 265
Wild, Rev. Joseph, M.A., D.D., Toronto, 82
Wilkinson, W., Judge, Bushville, Chatham, 270
Willets, Rev. Charles E., M.A., D.C.L., Windsor, 687
N.S.,
Williams, Rev. John Æ., D.D., Toronto, 294
Williams, Rev. William, D.D., Cobourg, 175
Williams, Richard Wellington, Three Rivers, 495
Williams, Right Rev. James W., D.D., Bishop, Quebec, 434
Williams, Thomas, Moncton, 140
Wilmot, Hon. R. D., Fredericton, 765
Willmott, J. B., M.D.S., D.D.S., Toronto, 173
Wilson, Daniel, LL.D., F.R.S, Toronto, 338
Wilson, J. C., M.P., Montreal, 149
Wilson, Rev. Robert, St. John, 80
Withall, William John, Montreal, 520
Wood, Rev. Enoch, D.D., 585
Wood, Robert Edwin, Peterborough, 244
Woodland, Rev. James Barnaby, Yarmouth, 311
Woodward, J. R., B.A., Sherbrooke, 685
Workman, Joseph, M.D., Toronto, 204
Worthington, Edward D., A.M., M.D., F.R.C.S., 456
Sherbrooke,
Wright, Aaron A., Renfrew, 57
Wright, Philemon, 631
=Y=
Young, Edward, Windsor, 800
Young, Hon. Charles, LL.D., Q.C., Charlottetown, 18
Young, Hon. James, Galt, 740
Young, Sir William, LL.D., 398
=A CYCLOPÆDIA=
=OF=
=CANADIAN BIOGRAPHY.=
[Illustration]
=Cartier, Jacques.=—The ancient town of St. Malo, in France, had been
for centuries a nursery of hardy seamen, and among the most eminent on
its list stands the name of Jacques Cartier.—This celebrated navigator
was the first European who explored the shores of Canada to any extent.
On the 20th April, 1534, he sailed with two ships of three score tons
apiece burthen, and sixty-one well appointed men in each. He steered for
Newfoundland, which he reached in twenty days, passed through the
straits of Belle Isle, and advanced up the St. Lawrence, till he saw the
shores of Anticosti. The approach of winter caused him to return to
France. In the spring of 1535, he received a fresh commission, and three
vessels, named _La Grande Hermine_, _La Petite Hermine_ and
_L’Hémerillon_, the largest about 120 tons, were placed at his disposal.
On the 16th May, the officers and sailors assembled in the Cathedral at
St. Malo, where, after confession and hearing mass, they received a
parting blessing from the bishop, and, three days later, they set sail.
After experiencing very stormy weather, during which the vessels were
separated, they reached the coast of Newfoundland on the 26th July. On
the 10th August, it being the festival of St. Lawrence. Cartier gave
that name to the bay which he entered, and it was afterwards extended to
the river and gulf. On the 16th, he reached Stadacona (now Quebec).
Hearing from the Indians that a town of some importance stood by the
bank of the river, many days’ journey above, and named “Hochelaga,”
Cartier determined to go thither, and on the 19th September, he hoisted
sail, and with his pinnace and two small boats, departed on his journey
up the river. On the 28th he reached lake St. Peter. At the head of this
lake he was compelled to cast anchor on account of the shoals; and
finding it impossible to proceed further with his vessel
(_L’Hémerillon_), he took to his boats, and on the 2nd October, 1535, he
landed about six miles from the town, below the current St. Mary. After
he had gone about four miles, he was met by one of the chiefs,
accompanied by many of the natives, who gave him a cordial welcome.
Having seen all that he deemed worthy of notice in the village, Cartier
was conducted to the top of the mountain, the view from which filled him
with feelings of joy and gratification. In honour of his king he named
it “Mont Royal,” which name has been extended to the city. On his return
to the boats he was accompanied by a large number of natives, who
appeared to be anxious to have him stay longer. He, however, embarked
the same evening, and on the 4th October, he reached his vessel, in
which he passed down the St. Lawrence, and rejoined his company at
Stadacona. As the season was far advanced Cartier made the bold resolve
to winter in the country. His party suffered much during the winter from
want of proper food and clothing, and in addition to this, they were all
attacked by the scurvy, twenty-six of whom died. The remainder soon
recovered their health by the use of a decoction of the spruce fir,
which had been recommended to them by an Indian. When spring returned
Cartier sailed for France, taking with him several of the natives, and
among them, Donacona, a chief. None of them ever returned, all dying
before the French again visited Canada. On his return to France, Cartier
found his native land distracted with religious dissensions, and it was
not until 1541, that he sailed with five vessels, and full power to make
discoveries and settlements in Canada. Jean François de la Rocque,
superior of Roberval, was appointed by the king viceroy and lieutenant
of Canada, and was to have accompanied Cartier, but through insuperable
obstacles he was unable to leave until the next year, when he left with
three vessels, having on board two hundred persons, male and female.
Cartier passed the winter at Cape Rouge, where he erected a fort, but
fearing the natives he resolved to return to France. On his way he fell
in with Roberval, at St. John’s, Newfoundland, but he refused to return
with him to Canada, and proceeded on his way to France, where he died
shortly after his return. Cartier manifested in all his expeditions
adventurous courage. No contemporary navigator had as yet dared to
advance so far into the lands of the new world as he. In his braving the
rigours of a Canadian winter, and shutting himself up for six months,
without means of escape, he gave a signal example of the intrepidity of
the mariners of his time and country. Of right therefore in every sense,
he heads the long file of visitors of inner North America.
* * * * *
=Young, Hon. Charles=, LL.D., Q.C., Judge of Surrogate and Probate,
Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, was born on the 30th of April,
1812, at Glasgow, Scotland, and is the younger brother of Sir William
Young, Chief Justice of Nova Scotia. The father of these illustrious men
was John Young, of Falkirk, Stirlingshire, Scotland, and subsequently of
Halifax, Nova Scotia. Judge Young received his early education in
Dalhousie College, Halifax, and studied law in the office of his
brother, Sir William Young, in that city. He was called to the bar of
Nova Scotia in 1838, and to the bar of Prince Edward Island the same
year. He practised his profession for a short time with his brothers,
Sir William and the Hon. George Young, now deceased; and on November
23rd, 1847, was created a Queen’s Counsel, being the first barrister in
Prince Edward Island on which this honour was conferred. Judge Young
entered public life a young man in 1840, where he was returned for
Queen’s County to the Island Assembly, and in December following, he was
appointed to the Legislative Council. In this latter body he accepted a
seat until 1863, ten years of which period he acted as president. He
filled the office of Attorney-General from 28th May, 1851 to the 2nd of
May, 1852; and from 26th June, 1858 to 11th April, 1859; and held the
commission under the Royal Sign Manual as administrator of the
Government of the Island for four years. Judge Young has the honour of
being the first public man who advocated the question of responsible
government for the Island, and he and his co-workers had the pleasure of
seeing this boon granted in 1851, together with other important reforms,
such as free schools, free lands for tenantry, savings banks, etc. He
received his appointment as judge of probate in 1852, and judge in
bankruptcy in 1868. On retiring from the latter position in March, 1875,
he was presented with the following address, which was signed by every
member of the bar in Prince Edward Island, viz:—
“_To His Honour Judge Young, LL.D., etc._
“SIR,—We, the undersigned barristers and attorneys, cannot
permit the opportunity to pass of your honour’s retiring from
the judgeship of the Insolvent Debtor’s Court—the jurisdiction
of which is now merged in another court by virtue of ‘The
Insolvent Act, 1875,’ of the Dominion of Canada—without
expressing our entire satisfaction at the manner in which you
presided over the meetings of the court; and at the same time
thanking you for your many courtesies extended to us during the
eight years Your Honour presided over said court.—(Signed), F.
Brecken, Attorney-General; W. W. Sullivan, Solicitor-General;
John Longworth, Q.C.; Charles Palmer, Q.C.; Charles Binns,
Richard Reddin, E. H. Haviland, Edward J. Hodgson, Louis H.
Davies, R. R. Fitzgerald, W. D. Haszard, Henry E. Wright,
Malcolm McLeod, Neil McLean.
“Charlottetown, P.E.I., March 29th, 1876.”