+--------+---------------------------+-------+------+-----------+
| Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | |
| of +--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.|
|parents.|1¾| 2 | 2¼| 2½|2¾ | 3|3¼|3½| | | |
+--------+--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+
| 2¼ | 3| 30| 12| 17| 4| 1| | | 67 | 2.22 | .03 |
| 2⅜ | 4| 40| 50| 46| 24| 5| 1| | 170 | 2.35 | .02 |
| 2½ | 4| 32| 34| 47| 26| 8| 2| 1| 154 | 2.40 | .10 |
| 2⅝ | 2| 11| 21| 41| 28| 3| 2| | 108 | 2.47 | .15 |
| 2¾ | 1| 5| 2| 9| 7| 6| 1| | 31 | 2.56 | .19 |
| 2⅞ | | 4| 7| 8| 6| 1| | | 26 | 2.43 | .44 |
| 3 | | 3| 1| 5| 5| 1| | | 15 | 2.50 | .50 |
+--------+--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+
|Totals | | | | | | | | | | | |
| or | | | | | | | | | | | |
|means, | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2.50|14|125|127|173|100|25| 6| 1| 571 | 2.39 | .11 |
+--------+--+---+---+---+---+--+--+--+-------+------+-----------+
TABLE 29.—_Summary of the results of thirteen generations of minus
selection, based on Tables 16-28._
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Generation.
| |No. of offspring.
| | |Mean, parents.
| | | |Mean, offspring.
| | | | |Standard deviation,
| | | | |parents.
| | | | | |Standard deviation,
| | | | | |offspring.
| | | | | | |Correlation,
| | | | | | |parents-offspring.
| | | | | | | |Absolute regression of
| | | | | | | |offspring on parents.
| | | | | | | | |Advance of
| | | | | | | | |parents.
| | | | | | | | | |Advance of
| | | | | | | | | |offspring.
+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+------+
| 1 | 5 | 1.46 | 1.00 | .208 | .515 | | .46 | | |
| 2 | 13 | 1.41 | 1.07 | .342 | .493 |-.033 | .34 |-.05 | .07 |
| 3 | 19 | 1.56 | 1.18 | .196 | .484 | .206 | .38 | .15 | .11 |
| 4 | 32 | 1.69 | 1.28 | .190 | .460 | .020 | .41 | .13 | .10 |
| 5 | 70 | 1.73 | 1.41 | .233 | .500 | .184 | .32 | .04 | .13 |
| 6 | 1,25 | 1.86 | 1.56 | .185 | .488 | .164 | .30 | .13 | .15 |
| 7 | 1,68 | 2.01 | 1.73 | .132 | .352 | .143 | .28 | .15 | .17 |
| 8 | 1,72 | 2.05 | 1.80 | .107 | .283 | .094 | .25 | .04 | .07 |
| 9 | 1,59 | 2.11 | 1.92 | .184 | .285 | .059 | .19 | .06 | .12 |
| 10 | 1,45 | 2.18 | 2.01 | .255 | .242 | .158 | .17 | .07 | .09 |
| 11 | 98 | 2.30 | 2.15 | .229 | .349 | .081 | .15 | .12 | .14 |
| 12 | 1,03 | 2.44 | 2.23 | .310 | .372 | .406 | .07 | .14 | .08 |
| 13 | 57 | 2.50 | 2.39 | .177 | .317 | .235 | .11 | .06 | .16 |
| +------+------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+------+
|Total.|11,704| | | | | | | | |
+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+-----+-----+------+
TABLE 30.—_Mean grade and number of offspring produced by parents of
a particular grade in each generation of the minus selection series,
based on Tables 16-28. The grade of the parents is indicated at the head
of each column. In the body of the table is recorded the mean grade of
the offspring (in light-faced figures) and the number of offspring (in
=heavy-faced figures=)._
+------+------------------------------------------------+----------+
|Generation. | |
| | Grade of parents; below, | |
| | grade and number of their | Total |
| | offspring. | number |
| +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+ of |
| | 1¼ | 1⅜ | 1½ | 1⅝ | 1¾ | 1⅞ | 2 | 2⅛ |offspring.|
+------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+----------+
| 1 |1.34 | .85 |1.37 | | |1.05 | | | |
| | =8=| =31=| =6=| | | =10=| | | =55= |
| 2 |1.17 |1.45 |1.11 |0.67 |1.09 |1.10 | | | |
| | =17=| =5=| =37=| =3=| =27=| =12=| | | =132= |
| 3 |1.05 |1.04 |1.31 |1.22 |1.26 |1.96 | | | |
| | =20=| =28=| =28=| =48=| =63=| =3=| | | =195= |
| 4 |1.56 |1.16 |1.31 |1.36 |1.34 |1.18 | 1.36 | | |
| | =4=| =29=| =59=| =40=| =93=| =95=| =9=| | =329= |
| 5 | |1.50 |1.25 |1.35 |1.30 |1.64 | 1.52 |1.80 | |
| | | =51=| =53=| =54=|=262=|=143=| =109=| =5=| =701= |
| 6 | | |1.34 |1.46 |1.49 |1.59 | 1.58 |1.52 | |
| | | | =24=| =94=|=244=|=502=| =283=| =85=| =1,252= |
| 7 | | | |1.55 |1.67 |1.65 | 1.72 |1.74 | |
| | | | | =5=| =32=|=330=| =969=|=260=| =1,680= |
| 8 | | | | | |1.84 | 1.81 |1.86 | |
| | | | | | | =19=|=1170=|=377=| =1,726= |
| 9 | | | | | | | 1.90 |1.93 | |
| | | | | | | | =811=|=403=| =1,591= |
| 10 | | | | | | | 1.96 |2.00 | |
| | | | | | | | =478=|=474=| =1,451= |
| 11 | | | | | | | 2.08 |2.15 | |
| | | | | | | | =51=|=183=| =984= |
| 12 | | | | | | | 1.98 |2.14 | |
| | | | | | | | =10=|=118=| =1,037= |
| 13 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | =571= |
| | | | | | | | | +----------+
| | | | | | | | | | =11,704= |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+----------+
+------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
|Generation. | |
| | Grade of parents; below, | |
| | grade and number of their | Total |
| | offspring. | number |
| +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ of |
| | 2¼ | 2⅜ | 2½ | 2⅝ | 2¾ | 2⅞ | 3 |offspring.|
+------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----------+
| 1 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | =55= |
| 2 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | =132= |
| 3 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | =195= |
| 4 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | =329= |
| 5 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | =701= |
| 6 | | |1.82 | | | | | |
| | | | =11=| | | | | =1,252= |
| 7 |1.93 |1.62 |1.88 |2.28 |1.87 | | | |
| | =41=| =4=| =15=| =18=| =6=| | | =1,680= |
| 8 |1.87 |1.87 |1.92 |1.67 | | | | |
| | =36=| =30=| =17=| =6=| | | | =1,726= |
| 9 |1.93 |1.91 |2.07 | | | | | |
| |=148=|=175=| =53=| | | | | =1,591= |
| 10 |2.04 |2.05 |2.13 |2.15 |1.95 |2.18 | | |
| |=217=|=119=| =67=| =49=| =27=| =20=| | =1,451= |
| 11 |2.13 |2.16 |2.21 |2.20 |2.26 |1.95 | | |
| |=318=|=268=| =81=| =52=| =26=| =5=| | =984= |
| 12 |2.15 |2.11 |2.24 |2.32 |2.45 |2.51 |2.65 | |
| |=166=|=230=|=242=|=137=| =42=| =53=| =35=| =1,037= |
| 13 |2.22 |2.35 |2.40 |2.47 |2.55 |2.43 |2.50 | |
| | =67=|=170=|=154=|=108=| =31=| =26=| =15=| =571= |
| | | | | | | | +----------+
| | | | | | | | | =11,704= |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----------+
TABLE 31.—_Results of a first return selection from generation 6, minus
series._
+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------+-----------+
| Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | |
| of +--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.|
|parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
| ⅜ | | 2| 1| | 3| 4| 8| 8| | 26 | 1.08 | -.60 |
| ⅝ | 2| 2| 3| 4|10| 14| 17| 20| 4| 76 | 1.33 | -.71 |
| ¾ | | | | 1| 1| | 2| 1| | 5 | 1.30 | -.65 |
| ⅞ | | | 2| | 2| | 1| 4| 2| 11 | 1.41 | -.63 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
|Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| or | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|means, | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| .60| 2| 4| 6| 5|16| 18| 28| 33| 6| 118 | 1.28 | -.68 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
TABLE 32.—_Results of a second return selection from generation 6, minus
series._
+--------+-------------------+-------+------+-----------+
| Grade |Grade of offspring.| | | |
| of +--+--+--+--+---+---+Totals.|Means.|Regression.|
|parents.| 0| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½| | | |
+--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+
| ½ | 1| 3| 4| 5| 2 | 4 | 19 | .95 | -.45 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+
TABLE 33.—_Results of a third return selection from generation 6, minus
series._
+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------+-----------+
| Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | |
| of +--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.|
|parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
| ¼ | | 5| 2| 2| 3| | 1| | | 13 | .63 | -.38 |
| ⅜ | 2| 2| 3| 5| 4| | 2| 3| | 21 | .86 | -.49 |
| -1⅛ | | | | | 1| 2| 3| 4| 3| 13 | 1.61 | -.49 |
| -1¼ | | | 1| 2| 4| 9| 8| 5| 2| 31 | 1.35 | -.10 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
|Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| or | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|means, | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| .83| 2| 7| 6| 9|12| 11| 14| 12| 5| 78 | 1.14 | -.31 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
TABLE 34.—_Results of a fourth return selection from generation 6, minus
series._
+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------+-----------+
| Grade | Grade of offspring. | | | |
| of +--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+Totals.|Means.|Regression.|
|parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾|-2| | | |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
| ¼ | 1| | 2| 1| 1| 4| 2| 3| 2| 16 | 1.34 | -1.09 |
| ½ | | 1| 1| 1| 2| | | | | 5 | .70 | -.20 |
| ⅝ | | | 1| 1| | 1| | | | 3 | .83 | -.21 |
| ¾ | 1| 1| | 1| | 2| 1| | | 6 | .83 | -.08 |
| ⅞ | 1| | 2| | 2| 2| 2| | 1| 10 | 1.17 | -.30 |
| -1 | | | | | 2| 1| 3| 3| 1| 10 | 1.42 | -.42 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
|Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| or | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|means, | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| .63| 3| 2| 6| 4| 7| 10| 8| 6| 4| 50 | 1.17 | -.54 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+--+-------+------+-----------+
TABLE 35.—_Results of a fifth return selection from generation 6, minus
series._
+--------+-------------------+-------+------+-----------+
| Grade |Grade of offspring.| | | |
| of +--+--+--+--+---+---+Totals.|Means.|Regression.|
|parents.| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1¼|-1½| | | |
+--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+
| ¼ | | | | 2| 2| | 4 | 1.00 | -.75 |
| ¾ | 1| | | | | 3| 4 | 1.12 | -.37 |
| ⅞ | 2| 2| 1| | | | 5 | .25 | +.62 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+
|Totals | | | | | | | | | |
| or | | | | | | | | | |
|means, | | | | | | | | | |
| .65| 3| 2| 1| 2| 2| 3| 13 | .75 | -.10 |
+--------+--+--+--+--+---+---+-------+------+-----------+
TABLE 36.—_Results of a sixth return selection from generation 6, minus
series._
+--------+------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| Grade | Grade of offspring. |Totals. |
| of +---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+ Means. |
|parents.|+1¼|+1|+¾|+½|+¼| 0| ¼| ½| ¾|-1|-1¼|-1½|-1¾| Regression.|
+--------+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+-----+------+-------+
| ⅛ | 1| | 1| | | 3| 2| 1| | 2| 2 | | | 12 | .29 | -.17 |
| ¼ | | | | 2| 1| 1| 4| | 1| 4| | | | 13 | .35 | -.10 |
| ⅜ | | | | | | | 1| | 2| 1| | 1| 1| 6 | .87 | -.50 |
| ½ | | 1| | | | | | 1| 2| 1| | | | 5 | .25 | +.25 |
+--------+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+-----+------+-------+
|Totals | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| or | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|means, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| .26| 1| 1| 1| 2| 1| 4| 7| 2| 5| 8| 2| 1| 1| 36 | .39 | -.13 |
+--------+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+---+---+---+-----+------+-------+