14. Words which express action or condition are called verbs. When
representing an act or condition as a fact, and dealing with the present
time, they are said to be in the present tense. The ending of all
Esperanto verbs in the present tense is "-as":
kuras = runs, is running. brilas = shines, is shining.
flugas = flies, is flying. dormas = sleeps, is sleeping.
15. The person or thing whose action or condition the verb expresses is
called the subject of the verb:
La suno brilas, the sun shines (is shining), subject: suno.
Knabo kuras, a boy runs (is running), subject: knabo.