16. Under the first striking word or words of the titles of anonymous
{105} works, with a cross-reference, where advisable, from any other
noticeable word or catch-title. If the name of a writer occur in a work
but not on the title-page, the work is also to be regarded for the
purpose of headings as anonymous.
17. Commentaries with the text, editions of the text, and translations
are to be entered (1) under the heading of the original work, and (2)
under the name of the commentator, editor, or translator; commentaries
without the text are to be entered under the same two headings, the
second being placed first.
18. Editions of the entire Bible, with or without the Apocrypha,
are to be entered under the word _Bible_: editions of parts of the
Bible comprising more than one book under the words _Testament
(Old)_, _Apocrypha_, _Testament (New)_, or lesser divisions such as
_Pentateuch_, _Historical books_, _Hagiographa_, _Prophets_, _Gospels_,
_Paul the apostle_, _Epistles (General)_.
21. Service and prayer books of the Church of England are to be entered
under the names by which they are commonly known, such as _Prayer (Book
of Common)_, _Baptism (Order of)_, _Communion (Holy)_, etc.: those of
the Church of Rome in like manner under _Missal_, _Breviary_, _Hours_,
etc., with a subheading of the use. Service-books of other religious
communities are to be entered under the head of _Liturgies_, with a
subheading of the religious community.
22. Separate musical compositions, accompanied by words, are to be
entered under the names of the authors and translators of the words
(unless these are taken from the Bible or a public service-book) as
well as under those of the authors and editors of the music.
24. In the case of an academical thesis the _praeses_ is to be
considered as the author, unless the work unequivocally appears to be
the work of the respondent or defender.
26. Catalogues are to be entered under the name of the compiler;
also, as circumstances require, under the names of one or more of the
institutions or persons now or formerly owning the collection, and,
where desirable, under the name of the collection itself.
32. English and French surnames beginning with a prefix or prefixes are
to be recorded under the first prefix, and surnames in other languages
under the word following the last prefix—except that French names
beginning with _de_ or _d’_ are to be entered under the word following
_de_ or _d’_.
33. English compound surnames, not connected by an hyphen, are to be
entered under the last part of the names [A. L. A.—under first part]:
foreign ones, with or without hyphens, under the entire compound name,
cross-references being given in all instances.
35. A society is to be entered under the leading word or words of its
corporate name.
37. Dashes or asterisks in names and titles are to precede letters of
the alphabet. {106}
39. The works of an author, and other books capable of similar
treatment, are to be arranged in the following order, an index or
conspectus of the entire article being prefixed when expedient:
(1) General cross-references.
(2) Collections of _all the works_ of the author _in the original
language_, whether including or excluding fragments, and whether with
or without translations or commentaries.
(_a_) Dated editions in chronological order.
(_b_) Editions without date and without conjecturally supplied date;
but if known to be of the 15th century they are to precede the dated
editions.
But new editions of a work by the same editor are to succeed the first
entry of the edition.
(3) _Translations_ without the text, of collected works, in
alphabetical order of languages, cross-references being inserted in
this series to all editions which contain the original text as well as
a translation. Polyglot editions are to precede all others.
(4) _Commentaries_ without the text, on collected works, in
chronological order. Scholia are to precede all other commentaries.
(5) Selections from collected works.
(6) Collections of _two or more works_ of the author, in alphabetical
order of the general title of the collection; or, if there be none, of
the first work of the collection. In special cases entries which would
in strictness fall under this division may be placed in the succeeding
paragraph, with a cross-reference.
(7) _Separate works_, or entire parts of a separate work, in
chronological order of the first issues of the works; in any difficult
cases an alphabetical or other special arrangement is to be made.
(8) _Fragments_ of the author; but when a work exists only in fragments
it may be entered under preceding paragraphs.
(9) (_a_) Lexicons, (_b_) Indexes and concordances.
(10) Dissertations, treatises, imitations, etc., which do not fall
under preceding heads, in chronological order.
(11) Biographies.
(12) Bibliographies.
N. B. The principles of arrangement in the preceding paragraphs are to
be used where applicable, in other articles.
40. Biographies are to be entered under the subjects of them, as well
as under the writers.
41. The order of alphabetization is to be that of the English alphabet,
except that, in general, I and U before a vowel are to be arranged
as J and V, and J and V before a consonant as I and U, with such
cross-references as may be necessary.
42. Headings composed of more than one separate word are not to be
regarded for purposes of arrangement as a single word. {107}
45. The German _ä_, _ö_, _ü_ are to be arranged as if written out in
full, _ae_, _oe_, _ue_.
46. Arabic figures are to used rather than Roman; but Roman figures may
be used after the names of ruling princes and popes, or to designate
the number of a volume or chapter when followed by a page [or division]
number in Arabic figures.
50. Word-books, grammars, and alphabets are to be entered under the
names of the languages to which they relate, as well as under the names
of their compilers and editors—except that, where a word-book relates
to two languages, or dialects, of which one is modern literary English,
no separate entry needs be made in respect of the latter.
51. Long and important articles are to have an index prefixed, and
subheadings may be added to the main heading in the same line, for
convenience of reference.