(§ 3.) From joint authors (after the first) to the first.
(§ 5.) From the præses to the respondent or defendant of a thesis, or
vice versâ.
(§ 6.) From pseudonyms, initials, and part of names.
(§§ 7, 8.) From important illustrators when not important enough for an
entry.
(§ 12.) From commentators who are not entitled to an entry, if the
commentary preponderates or for any reason is likely to be looked for
under the commentator’s name. Where the line of omission shall be drawn
depends on the fullness of the catalogue.
(§§ 13–16.) From the authors of continuations, indexes, and of
introductions of some length, also in some cases, of epitomes,
revisions, and excerpts.
(§ 18.) From the names of reporters, translators, and editors of
anonymous works and of works not anonymous which are commonly known by
the name of their editors or translators.
_Ex._ Some translations from the German by Mrs. Wister are wrongly
lettered as if she were the author, and are therefore asked for by her
name.
(§ 19 _a_.) From the foreign form of names of sovereigns, whenever they
are likely to be looked for under that form.
(§ 19 _b_, _c_.) From the family name of persons canonized, and of
friars who drop the family name on entering their order.
(§ 19 _e_.) From such parts of Oriental names as require it.
(§ 20.) From the names of English sees and deaneries. {36}
(§ 20 _c_.) From the maiden names or unused married names of wives to
the one used in the catalogue, provided they have written under the
earlier names or for any other reason are likely to be looked for under
them.
(§ 21.) From the family names of British noblemen to the titles, or
vice versâ, if the entry is made under the family name.
From the family names of foreign noblemen, when they are known by them
wholly or in part.
From any other title by which a man may be better known than by his
real name.
As, “«Claimant», The.” The Diary of the Shah of Persia, catalogued
under «Nassr-ad-Din», requires a reference from «Shah».
(§ 22.) From the earlier forms of names that are changed.
(§ 23.) From the part of compound names which is not used for entry to
the part which is, whenever it seems necessary.
(§ 24.) From the prefixes of foreign names when they have been commonly
used in combination with the last part.
_Ex._ From «Vandyck» to «Dyck», A. van, from «Degerando» to «Gerando»,
and «De Candolle» to «Candolle».
(§ 25.) From the alternative part of Latin names.
(§§ 27–38.) From all forms of a name varying either by spelling,
translation, or transliteration that do not come into immediate
juxtaposition with the one chosen.
This should be done whether the rejected form occurs in the title of a
book in the library or not. The object of a reference is to enable the
reader to find the works of an author, not merely a particular book,
and the reader may have seen the author referred to under the rejected
form whether the library has a book with that form or not.
(§§ 40, 44, 48.) From the authors of official writings (with
discretion).
(§ 49.) From nations taking part in a congress to the place of meeting.
(§ 52.) From the places where conventions are held to the names of the
bodies holding them.
(§ 53.) From the name of an ecclesiastical body to the headings under
which the councils of the body are entered.
(§ 56.) A list of references is given in the note.
(§ 57.) From part of the author’s name appearing on the title-page to
the whole name if discovered.
From the last initial given on a title-page to the one chosen for the
entry.
(§ 58.) From a pseudonym to the real name when discovered.
From some phraseological pseudonyms, especially if brief.
_Ex._ From «Lawyer», when an anonymous work is said to be “by a
lawyer.” For Full only.
From editors and translators.
If it is thought worth while to give a complete view of the literary
and artistic activity of every author so far as it is represented
in the library, of course references from editors, translators,
illustrators, cartographers, engravers, etc., must be made. But this
completeness is not usually sought even in large libraries. Such
references {37} are also undeniably a help in finding books. But
they increase the bulk and the cost of a catalogue so much and are
comparatively of so little use that ordinary libraries must content
themselves with a selection, though the best-made selection is
certain to occasion complaints that the really useful ones have been
omitted and the least important made. The chief classes of necessary
references of this sort are—
(1.) From the editors of periodicals to the title-entry, when the
periodical is commonly called by the editor’s name, as Poggendorff’s
Annalen, Silliman’s Journal.
(2.) From the names of editors and translators which are habitually
mentioned in connection with a work, so that it is as likely to be
looked for under the editor’s name as under the author’s name. When
the form is a combination of author’s and editor’s name, as Heyne’s
Virgil, Leverett’s Cicero, the reference, though convenient, is
certainly not necessary, inasmuch as a person of ordinary intelligence
could hardly fail, not finding what he wanted under one name, to try
the other.
(3.) From the names of those who have made poetical versions, on the
ground that their work is something more than mere translation.
(4.) From the translators of anonymous works, because the title of
the original will generally be unknown to the searcher. This is less
necessary for famous works; thus J. Scott’s version of the Arabian
Nights would probably be looked for under «Arabian» nights rather than
under «Scott»; but it makes assurance doubly sure.
(5.) From the names of translators, editors, etc., of Oriental works,
because Occidental readers are much more likely to remember these
names than those of the authors.
It may be thought that an excessive number of references is
recommended, but it is plain that wherever there can be a reasonable
doubt among cataloguers under what head a book ought to be entered,
it should have at least a reference under each head. The object of an
author-catalogue is to enable one to find the book; if that object is
not attained the book might as well not be catalogued at all.
61. Make explanatory notes under such words as «Congress»,
«Parliament», «Academies», «Societies», and others in regard to whose
entry there is a diverse usage, stating what is the rule of the
catalogue.