with pepper and salt. Make your dressing with a four cent baker's loaf,
two small onions finely chopped, and an ounce of butter, with pepper
and salt to the taste; fill the incisions with this dressing, put the
veal in a pot with three gills of water and cover it tightly. Let it
cook slowly two hours at least. Some prefer a little sweet marjoram or
thyme, finely powdered, added to the dressing. Take out the veal when
it is done, and thicken the gravy with a little flour.
BAKED FILLET OF VEAL.
65. Make incisions all around the bone as closely as possible, so as
not to touch each other. Make a dressing of bread crumbs, an onion
finely chopped, a little sweet marjoram, pepper and salt to the taste,
with enough butter to cause the bread crumbs to adhere together; fill
these incisions with the dressing, season the meat with pepper and
salt, and skewer the strip of fat around it. Pour in enough water to
cover the bottom of the pan, put in the rack and place the meat on it;
as the gravy stews away add a little more water, put it in a cool oven
and let it cook three or four hours. When done, make the gravy with
some flour rolled in butter, and add pepper and salt to the taste.
FRENCH STEW OF VEAL.
66. Boil a knuckle of veal in just enough water to cover it, with a
little salt. When the veal is tender pour off the water it was boiled
in and save it. Cut the veal in small pieces and put it in a pan with
the water it was boiled in. Add to this two hard boiled eggs, chopped
very fine, a table spoonful of allspice in grains, (which should be
crushed but not broken fine) a quarter of a pound of butter, a little
mace and pepper, and salt to the taste. Stir two table spoonsful of
flour smoothly in a little water, and pour into it. Set it over the
fire, let it boil for two or three minutes, pour in two glasses of
wine, and serve it hot.
STEWED VEAL.
67. Cut a slice of the cutlet in small pieces, season it with pepper,
salt, and, if you prefer it, a little grated lemon peel and nutmeg.
Pour in as much water as will nearly cover it, let it cook slowly till
about half done, then make a rich gravy with some pieces of butter
rolled in flour, and add to the water it was stewed in.
VEAL CUTLETS.
63. Cut the veal in thin slices, pound and wash it, then dry it in a
clean cloth. Beat some egg, and have ready some bread crumbs, or grated
cracker. Season the meat with salt, pepper, and a little mace, dip
each slice in the egg, then in the crumbs, and fry them in hot lard.
They should be brown on both sides.
FRIED VEAL WITH TOMATOES.
69. Cut some veal in thin slices, season it and fry it of a nice brown.
Have ready some tomatoes which have been stewed very dry; pass them
through a sieve to take out the seeds. Then put them into the pan in
which the meat has been fried and add butter enough to make a rich
gravy. Pour them hot over the veal and serve it.
Beef is excellent cooked in the same way.
PLAIN FRIED VEAL.
70. Cut the meat in thin slices, pound and wash them. Season with
pepper and salt, and fry them in hot lard, of a nice brown, on both
sides. When the meat is done stir a little flour into the fat and pour
in some water; set the pan over the fire, let it boil once, then pour
it over the veal, and send it to the table.
SPICED VEAL.
71. Take some of the thick part of a cold loin of veal, cut it in small
pieces, and pour over as much hot spiced vinegar as will cover it.
To half a pint of vinegar put a tea spoonful of allspice, a very
little mace, salt and cayenne pepper to the taste.
FRIED SWEET-BREADS.
72. Parboil them in salt and water; when done, take them up and dry
them in a cloth. With a sharp knife, cut them in half, season them
with pepper and salt, and flour them, fry them in hot lard, of a light
brown. Or they may be fried as oysters, with egg and bread crumbs, or
grated crackers.
STEWED SWEET-BREADS.
73. Put them on in very little water with some salt, when they have
cooked slowly for half an hour, take them out. Cut them in small
pieces, and return them to the liquor they were boiled in. Make a rich
gravy of butter rolled in flour, and pepper and salt to the taste. Mace
and nutmeg may be added if preferred.
BOILED SWEET-BREADS.
74. Wash and dry them, and rub them with dry flour and a little salt,
then put them in a stew-pan, with water sufficient to keep them from
burning. When they are tender, put them in a dish and pour over a rich
drawn butter.
SPICED CALVES' FEET.
75. Boil them as directed for fried calves' feet in the following
receipt, and save the liquor they were boiled in. When cold, cut them
in pieces, and put them in a jar; take equal portions of the liquor
they were boiled in, and good sharp vinegar; to every pint of this
mixture add a tea spoonful of allspice crushed, two or three blades
of mace, and salt and cayenne pepper to the taste. Heat the vinegar,
liquor, and spices together, and pour it hot over the feet.
This makes a good dish for tea or breakfast.
FRIED CALVES' FEET.
76. Boil them in very little water, with some salt. There should be no
more water than barely sufficient to cook them. When they are tender,
cut them in half, and place them on a dish to get cold. Save the liquor
they were boiled in. When they are to be fried season them with pepper
and salt, dredge flour over them and fry them in hot lard or butter.
They should be of a handsome brown on both sides when done. Put some of
the liquor they were boiled in, in the pan, and make a rich gravy with
some pieces of butter rolled in flour. Pour this over the fried feet,
and send them to the table.
FRIED CALVES' LIVER.
77. Cut the liver in thin slices and lay them in salt and water for
several hours, to draw out all the blood. Then season them with pepper
and salt, and fry them in hot lard. When they are done, thicken the
gravy with a little flour, and add a little water. Let it boil once,
pour it over the liver, and serve it.
It should be fried slowly, or it will be brown on the outside before it
is done through. Some prefer the liver fried without any gravy made for
it. In that case, lay the slices on the dish and serve.
It may be broiled and buttered.
CHITTERLINGS, OR CALVES' TRIPE.
78. Wash them and put them on to boil in water enough to cover them,
with a little salt. When they are quite tender, drain them, put them on
a dish, and pour over them a rich drawn butter.
ROAST LEG OF LAMB.
79. Cut deep incisions round the bone and in the flesh; make a dressing
of bread crumbs, salt, pepper, sweet marjoram, or summer savory, and
as much butter as will make the crumbs adhere together. Fill all the
incisions with the dressing, season the meat with salt and pepper,
put it on the spit and roast it before a clear fire; when nearly done
dredge flour over and baste it with the gravy.
Skim the fat off the gravy, and add a little flour, mixed with water;
let it boil once, and serve it in a gravy boat.
BOILED LEG OF LAMB.
80. Trim off all the loose fat, cut off the shank, wash and wipe it
dry; dredge it with flour and tie it in a clean cloth; put it in
boiling water enough to cover it. The water should be salted in the
proportion of two tea spoonsful of salt to a quart of water. Let it
boil from two to three hours according to its size. Serve it with
drawn butter or rich parsley sauce, which ever may be preferred, and
vegetables of any kind which may be in season.
LAMB STEWED WITH ONIONS.
81. This is a French dish. Peel some onions, cut them in slices, and
put them in your stew-pan; cut off the ends of the chops, pound them,
and lay them in with the onions and some pepper and salt. Put in as
much water as will cook them; let them stew slowly till they are
tender, then add a piece of butter rolled in flour to thicken the gravy.
MUTTON DRESSED LIKE VENISON.
82. Hang a leg of mutton and let it freeze. Then cut from it slices
about a quarter of an inch thick, cook them at the table in a chafing
dish with butter and currant jelly, and salt and pepper to the taste.
MUTTON CHOPS.
83. Trim your mutton chops, take off the loose fat, and heat your
gridiron; grease the bars, put on the chops over clear coals, turn them
frequently, and when done put them in a dish, butter them well and
season with pepper and salt.
They may be served with slices of lemon.
MUTTON CHOPS WITH LEMON.
84. Wash the chops, wipe them dry, grease the bars of your gridiron,
and broil them over hot coals. When they are done lay them on a dish
and season them with pepper and salt, and baste them with butter; peel
and slice lemons, lay a slice on each chop and send them to the table.
This is the French method of serving them.
ROAST PORK.
85. Take a nice middle piece of young pork, separate the joints and
crack the bones across the middle, but do not break the skin, score
it parallel with the ribs, wash it, put it on the spit, with a little
water in the bottom of the roaster, and to five pounds of pork rub
in well two tea spoonsful and a half of salt, two tea spoonsful of
sage and one of cayenne pepper. Put no flour on it nor baste it while
cooking, as it softens the skin and makes it tough. Pour the gravy into
a pan, skim off a part of the fat, stir in a little flour mixed with
cold water, add some water and let it boil once, then serve it in a
gravy tureen. If it should not be sufficiently seasoned, add a little
more pepper or salt, as it may require.
Apple sauce is always served with roast pork.
ROAST PIG.
86. Prepare the pig by cutting off the feet, scraping and cleansing
the head and ears, cutting out the tongue and eyes, and cleaning the
throat. Wash it perfectly clean and wipe it dry. Make a dressing of
bread crumbs, some onions finely chopped, with salt, pepper, and sweet
marjoram to the taste, also butter enough to make the crumbs adhere
together. Any spice may be added, and the grating of a lemon, but many
prefer the dressing without spice.
Rub the pig thoroughly inside with salt, cayenne pepper, and powdered
sage, then fill it with the dressing and sew it up. Rub the outside
with salt, cayenne pepper and sage, put it on the spit and place it
before a clear, but not too hot a fire. Have a piece of clean sponge
tied on a stick, dip it in melted butter, and as the skin dries moisten
it. A common sized pig takes from three to four hours to roast. An
excellent filling may be made of potatoes boiled and mashed instead of
the bread. If potatoes are used the dressing will require more butter.
Roast pig is always served with haslet sauce. For directions for
making it see under the head of Sauces. Apple sauce is also thought to
be an indispensable accompaniment to roast pig.
STUFFED LEG OF PORK.
87. Make deep incisions in the meat parallel to the bone; trim it so
as to leave the skin longer than the flesh; then boil some potatoes,
when they are done mash them with a piece of butter, cayenne pepper,
salt, and an onion finely chopped and a little rubbed sage. With this
dressing fill the incisions, draw the skin down and skewer it over to
keep the dressing from falling out; season the outside of the meat with
salt, cayenne pepper, and rubbed sage; roast it slowly; when it is done
pour the gravy in a pan, skim off the fat, and add a little flour mixed
with water; let it boil once. Serve it with apple or cranberry sauce.
Some prefer a dressing made of bread crumbs instead of potatoes.
PORK STEAKS.
88. Cut the steaks in thin slices, season them with cayenne pepper,
salt, and rubbed sage. They may be broiled and buttered, or fried in
hot lard, with a gravy thickened with a little flour and poured over
them.
LEG OF PORK CORNED AND BOILED.
89. Mix salt and sugar together, in the proportion of a table spoonful
of salt to one tea spoonful of sugar; with this mixture rub your
meat all over well, let it stand three days, and turn it every day.
Have boiling water enough to cover it, put in the meat, and if the
water should boil away put more in; when it is tender, serve it with
tomatoes, cabbage, turnips, or any vegetables in season.
SPARE RIB.
90. Crack the ribs across, separate the joints, wash it and season it
with cayenne pepper, salt, and rubbed sage; put it on the spit and cook
it slowly till it is done. This is served without gravy.
Or, it may be prepared in the same manner and broiled on the gridiron.
SOUSED PIG'S FEET.
91. After they have been well scalded and cleaned, wash them, and put
them on to boil in a sufficiency of water to cover them, with two tea
spoonsful of salt to a quart of water. Let them boil till the bones
are all loose and the flesh nearly ready to fall to pieces. Take them
out and lay them on a dish to get cold, and save the liquor they were
boiled in; mix equal portions of the liquor and good sharp vinegar,
with whole allspice, a few cloves, pepper and salt to the taste. Heat
the vinegar and spice, and pour it over them. They may be sent to the
table cold, or they may be heated with a portion of the vinegar.
The feet may be boiled as for the souse, and when cold, cut in half,
dredged with flour, and fried brown.
SCRAPPLE.
92. This is generally made of the head, feet, and any pieces which may
be left after having made sausage meat.
Scrape and wash well all the pieces designed for the scrapple, put
them in a pot with just as much water as will cover them. Add a little
salt, and let them boil slowly till the flesh is perfectly soft, and
the bones loose. Take all the meat out of the pot, pick out the bones,
cut it up fine, and return it to the liquor in the pot. Season it with
pepper, salt, and rubbed sage, to the taste. Set the pot over the fire,
and just before it begins to boil, stir in gradually as much Indian
meal as will make it as thick as thick mush. Let it boil a few minutes,
take it off, and pour it in pans. When cold, cut it in slices, flour
it, and fry it in hot lard, or sausage fat.
Some prefer buckwheat meal; this is added in the same manner as the
Indian. Indian meal is preferable, as it is not so solid as buckwheat.
Sweet marjoram may be added with the sage, if preferred.
HOGS-HEAD CHEESE.
93. Clean a pig's head nicely, wash it well, and boil it in very little
water, with some salt. Let it boil until the bones fall from the flesh.
Then take it up, pick out all the bones, and with a wooden spoon mash
it up well, and return it to the water it was boiled in. Add red and
black pepper, rubbed sage and sweet marjoram to the taste. Boil the
whole down till it is quite thick and nearly dry; then pour it in pans
or forms, smooth it over the top with the back of a spoon, and stand it
away to get cold. Cut it in slices and send it to the table.
Some prefer spice in hogs-head cheese; in that case, add a small
quantity of ground cloves and mace.
BOILED HAM.
94. Wash and scrape your ham; if it is not very salt it need not be
soaked; if old and dry, let it soak twelve hours in lukewarm water,
which should be changed several times. Put it in a large vessel filled
with cold water. Let it simmer, but be careful not to let it boil, as
it hardens and toughens the meat. Allow twenty minutes to cook each
pound of meat.
When it is done, take it out of the water, strip off the skin, and
serve it. Twist scalloped letter paper round the shank, or ornament it
with sprigs of green parsley neatly twisted round it. If it is not to
be eaten whilst hot, as soon as it is taken from the pot, set it away
to get cold, then skin it, by which means you preserve all the juices
of the meat. It may be garnished as above, or, if you choose, you may
glaze it; the receipt for which see under its proper head.
GLAZED HAM.
95. Beat the yelks of two eggs very light, cover your ham all over with
the beaten egg, then sift over some grated cracker, and set the ham in
the oven to brown the glazing.
SAUSAGE MEAT.
96. Twenty-five pounds of pork,
Half a pint of salt,
One gill of rubbed sage,
Half a gill of black pepper,
One table spoonful of cayenne pepper.
TO ROAST A HAUNCH OF VENISON.
97. Put your venison on a spit before a clear, steady fire, cover
it with some thick paper to keep it from burning, and place it at a
sufficient distance from the fire, that it may not brown too soon.
The paper may be fastened on by sticking through it two or three
large darning needles. Turn the spit frequently, and baste the meat
with butter. Venison is very unpalatable if too much cooked; about
two hours will be sufficient. It should never be roasted unless it is
fat. A gravy may be made of the trimmings of the haunch stewed in very
little water, to which add the drippings from the meat, season with
pepper and salt, and thicken with butter rolled in flour.
Some baste with melted butter and wine mixed together. Serve with
currant jelly.
VENISON STEAKS.
98. Cut your venison in slices, pound it, and having heated your
gridiron, grease the bars and place the meat on it. Broil the venison
very quickly over clear coals, and as soon as it is done put it on a
dish, season with pepper and salt and plenty of butter. Send it to the
table immediately. Serve it with currant jelly. The plates should be
warm.
BEST WAY OF COOKING VENISON.
99. Cut your venison in rather thin slices, pound them, lay them on a
dish, and send them to the table.
Have a chafing-dish on the table, lay some of the slices of venison in
the pan of the chafing-dish, throw on a little salt, but not so much as
for other meat, a lump of butter, and some currant jelly, put the cover
on the dish, let it remain a minute or two, take off the cover, turn
the slices of meat, place it on again, and in two or three minutes more
the venison will be sufficiently cooked. Each person at the table adds
pepper to suit the taste. Some prefer venison cooked without currant
jelly.
ROASTED RABBIT.
100. Cut off the head, open and wash it clean, and fill it with a
dressing made of bread crumbs, some onions finely chopped, pepper,
salt, a little powdered mace, and as much butter as will cause the
crumbs to adhere together; sew the rabbit up after the dressing is in,
put it on a spit before the fire, and baste it with butter, whilst it
is roasting. Or it may be put in a pan with a little water, and baked.
Make a gravy of a gill of water, an ounce of butter, an onion finely
chopped, pepper, salt and mace to the taste.
Wine may be added, if preferred.
BAKED RABBIT PIE.
101. Cut a rabbit in pieces, wash it, and season it with salt and
pepper. Nearly cover it with cold water, and stew it till it is tender,
then add three ounces of butter rolled in flour. If it should not
be seasoned sufficiently, add more pepper, as rabbits require more
seasoning than many other kinds of meat.
Make a paste, butter your pie dish, and line the sides. Place the
pieces of rabbit in the dish, and add just enough of the gravy to keep
it from burning, then cover it with a lid of paste, leave an opening on
the top, which may be ornamented with strips of paste, and bake it. It
should be served in the dish it is baked in. Keep the remainder of the
gravy hot, but do not let it boil or simmer, serve it in a gravy boat,
or fill the pie with the gravy just before it is sent to the table.
RABBIT POT PIE.
102. Cut a rabbit in small pieces, season it highly with salt and
pepper. Make a paste, line the sides of a pot with the crust, then put
in the rabbit, with three ounces of butter cut up and rolled in flour.
Roll out some of the dough, cut it in pieces about three inches square,
and lay it in with the pieces of rabbit; pour in as much water as will
cover it, roll out a sheet of paste and place on the top, leaving an
opening in the centre. Cover the pot with the lid, and let it cook
slowly till the rabbit is done.
If when your pie is nearly done, the gravy should not be thick enough,
add a few more pieces of butter rolled in flour.
When the pie is done put the top or soft crust at the bottom of the
dish, lay the rabbit on it, then place the brown crust on the top with
the brown side up. Serve the gravy in a gravy boat.
FRENCH STEWED RABBIT.
103. Cut a rabbit in pieces, wash it, and put it in a stew-pan with
salt, pepper, a little mace, and a quarter of a tea spoonful of ground
allspice; put in water enough to keep it from sticking to the pan;
cover it closely and let it stew very slowly. When about half done add
a quarter of a pound of butter, cut in pieces, and rolled in flour,
and half a pint of claret wine. If the meat should not be seasoned
enough, add more salt, pepper or spice. Rabbit requires a great deal of
seasoning, especially pepper.
Serve it hot. This dish is much esteemed by many Americans.
FRICASSEED RABBIT.
104. Cut your rabbit in pieces, wash it and put it in a stew-pan with
three gills of water, season it with salt, and _very highly_ with
pepper, a little mace, and powdered cloves; let it stew very slowly,
and when nearly done add three ounces of butter rolled in flour. If you
wish a brown fricassee the flour should be browned before it is rolled
with the butter; if it is to be a white fricassee, after you stir in
the flour and butter add a gill of cream.
SMOTHERED RABBIT.
105. Clean a rabbit, cut off the head, wash it well, and skewer it as
if for roasting. Put it in a stew-pan with half a pint of water, some
pepper, salt, mace, and cloves, and let it simmer very slowly; keep the
stew-pan covered in order to retain the steam. When half done add a
quarter of a pound of butter rolled in flour. If the water should stew
away too much a little more may be added. Peel some onions and boil
them till they are tender, drain and chop them fine, season with salt,
pepper and butter to the taste. When the rabbit is done place it upon
the dish it is to be served in, then put the onions into the gravy and
give them one boil, pour them over the rabbit and serve hot.
ROASTED PIGEONS.
106. Pick the pigeons, draw and wash them; dry them on a clean napkin,
rub them inside and outside with pepper and salt; fill them with a
dressing of bread crumbs, pepper, salt, butter, and a little onion
finely minced; skewer them, or if you choose, tie them round with tape;
put them on the spit and baste them frequently with butter. About
twenty minutes will cook them.
STEWED PIGEONS.
107. Cut the pigeons down the back, clean them, cut them in four
pieces, and wash and wipe them dry. Put them in a stew-pan, and for
each pair of pigeons roll an ounce of butter in a little flour, add
some pepper and salt, and water enough just to cover them; stew them
till they are tender. If the gravy should not be thick enough add a
little more flour.
Pigeons are prepared in the same way for pies.
BROILED SQUAB.
108. Young pigeons or squabs are the nicest for broiling. Cut them down
the back, clean them nicely, wash them and dry them on a clean napkin.
Have ready a bed of clear coals, heat your gridiron, grease the bars to
prevent the pigeons from sticking, and place them over the fire; turn
them frequently, and be careful not to let the legs and wings burn.
When they are done put them on a dish, season them with pepper and
salt, and baste them well with butter on both sides.
PIGEON PIE.
109. This is made in the same manner as chicken pie.
STEWED REED BIRDS, No. 1.
110. Pick the birds, and cut and clean them like chickens. Make a
force meat of cold veal, finely chopped with a little grated ham, some
powdered nutmeg and mace, and a very small portion of cloves; season
the birds inside with pepper and salt, fill them with the dressing,
rub them on the outside with pepper and salt, tie the legs down with a
piece of thread, which must be cut off when the birds are dished. Place
them in the stew-pan with a piece of butter on each and a little flour;
put a little water in the bottom of the stew-pan to keep them from
burning, and cover them close; when they are tender take them out, cut
off the threads, and if the gravy should not be thick enough, add some
butter rolled in flour. Pour the gravy over them and serve them hot.
STEWED REED BIRDS, No. 2.
111. Pick and singe them, and with a pair of scissors cut them down
the back; or they may be drawn in the same way as chickens. Wash them
and dry them on a clean cloth; season with pepper and salt, place a
layer of birds at the bottom of your stew-pan, dredge a little flour
over them, and add some lumps of butter; then put in another layer of
the birds, and so on till all are in. Pour over them just enough water
to keep them from burning, cover the stew-pan and let the birds cook
slowly. When they are done take them up, and if the gravy is not thick
enough, add a little butter rolled in flour, let it boil once and pour
it over the birds.
ROASTED REED BIRDS.