The Anti-Opium Society.--Its Origin.--By whom supported.--How
far successful.--Its Conclusions not to be accepted.--The
Indictment against England pp. 1-6
The original _habitat_ of the Poppy-Plant.--Opium known in
China from the earliest times.--Not consumed much till
Eighteenth Century.--First imported by Portuguese.--By
East India Company in 1773.--Prohibited in 1796.--War in
1839.--Causes of War.--Treaty of Nankin.--No mention of
Opium.--Lord Palmerston's instructions on the subject.--
War of 1856 and 1860.--Treaty of Tientsin.--Opium
legalized.--Native growth long-established in spite of
Edicts.--Reason of this.--Chefoo Convention pp. 6-37
Opium a powerful Medicine.--Its Alkaloid constituents.--How
used.--Distinction between eating and smoking it.--
Consumed in India, Turkey, Armenia, England pp. 37-52
Indian Opium of two kinds, Bengal and Malwa.--Monopoly in
1773.--Vacillations in Policy.--Hence fluctuations in
Revenue.--Reserve Stock.--Land under Cultivation.--Chests
exported.--Policy towards Native States.--Prices.--
Quality.--Competition with Chinese Opium pp. 52-59
Abolition of the Traffic.--How far desirable.--
Difficulties.--England not likely to help with a
Money-grant.--Charges made by Anti-Opiumists.--1. "Opium
a poison and Opium-smoking universally baneful."--
Evidence on this point breaks down.--Not so fatal as
Spirits with us.--Number of Smokers of Indian drug.--Use
of Opium in the Straits Settlements pp. 59-75
2. "England responsible for its introduction."--Opium
certainly known in China previous to foreign
importation.--The Portuguese before us.--Demand not
_created_ by us.--Every Nation has its Stimulant or
Narcotic.--Enumeration of these.--Opium specially suited
to the Chinese.--Opium and Spirits pp. 75-91
3. "We force Opium on China."--Chinese _not_ forced either to
admit or smoke Opium--but compelled to keep to their own
Tariff pp. 91-95
4. "Monopoly indefensible."--Monopolies are a part of the
System of Indian Government.--This particular Monopoly
limits the export pp. 95-97
5. "Opium an Obstacle to Missionary effort."--Failure of
Missionaries not due to Opium.--Real reasons of their
ill-success.--Exterritorialization of Converts very
objectionable to Chinese.--Roman Catholic Missionaries
most detested, but more successful.--Reasons of
this.--Our Missionaries, how far successful.--Their duty
and ours pp. 97-114
Remedies suggested.--Firstly, Abolition of Monopoly.--
Objections to this.--Secondly, Prohibition of
Poppy-culture in all India.--Difficulties with Native
States.--Legitimate requirements of India.--Financial
objections.--Curtailment of Expenditure difficult.--
Increase of Taxation impossible.--Thirdly, England to ask
for an equivalent from China for giving up the Opium
Revenue.--No compensation to India.--Fourthly, Li Hung
Chang's proposal pp. 114-129
Feasible remedies.--Either, England and China to agree to
stop the cultivation of the Poppy gradually in _both_
countries.--A test of Chinese sincerity.--Effect, if
carried out.--_Or_, to free China from all obligations in
regard to Opium.--This would cut away the ground from
under the Agitators.--India would not lose all her
Revenue.--The Agitation the outcome of mistaken
Philanthropy.--Their method of propagandism most
objectionable.--Conclusion pp. 129-139