"Mantinea was the single city of Arcadia which had dared to
pursue an independent line of policy [see SPARTA: B. C.
743-510]. Not until the Persian Wars the community coalesced
out of five villages into one fortified city; this being done
at the instigation of Argos, which already at this early date
entertained thoughts of forming for itself a confederation in
its vicinity: Mantinea had endeavored to increase its city
and territory by conquest, and after the Peace of Nicias had
openly opposed Sparta."
_E. Curtius,
History of Greece,
book 5, chapter 5 (volume 4)._
MANTINEA: B. C. 418.
Battle.
See GREECE: B. C. 421-418.
{2086}
MANTINEA: B. C. 385.
Destruction by the Spartans.
See GREECE: B. C. 385.
MANTINEA: B. C. 371-362.
Restoration of the city.
Arcadian union and disunion.
The great battle.
Victory and death of Epaminondas.
See GREECE: B. C. 371; and 371-362.
MANTINEA: B. C. 222.
Change of name.
In the war between Cleomenes of Sparta and the Achæan League,
the city of Mantinea was, first, surprised by Aratus, the
chief of the League, B. C. 226, and occupied by an Achæan
garrison; then recaptured by Cleomenes, and his partisans, B.
C. 224, and finally, B. C. 222, stormed by Antigonus, king of
Macedonia, acting in the name of the League, and given up to
pillage. Its citizens were sold into slavery. "The dispeopled
city was placed by the conqueror at the disposal of Argos,
which decreed that a colony should be sent to take possession
of it under the auspices of Aratus. The occasion enabled him
to pay another courtly compliment to the king of Macedonia. On
his proposal, the name of the 'lovely Mantinea'—as it was
described in the Homeric catalogue—was exchanged for that of
Antigonea, a symbol of its ruin and of the humiliation of
Greece."
_C. Thirlwall,
History of Greece,
chapter 62 (volume 8)._
MANTINEA: B. C. 207.
Defeat of the Lacedæmonians.
In the wars of the Achæan League, the Lacedæmonians were
defeated under the walls of Mantinea with great slaughter, by
the forces of the League, ably marshalled by Philopœmen, and
the Lacedaemonian king Machanidas was slain. "It was the third
great battle fought on the same, or nearly the same, ground.
Here, in the interval between the two parts of the
Peloponnesian War, had Agis restored the glory of Sparta after
her humiliation at Sphakteria; here Epameinôndas had fallen in
the moment of victory; here now [B. C. 207] was to be fought
the last great battle of independent Greece."
_E. A. Freeman,
History of Federal Government,
chapter 8, section 2._
----------MANTINEA: End----------
MANTUA: 11-12th Centuries.
Rise and acquisition of republican independence.
See ITALY: A. D. 1056-1152.
MANTUA: A. D. 1077-1115.
In the dominions of the Countess Matilda.
See PAPACY: A. D. 1077-1102.
MANTUA: A. D. 1328-1708.
The house of Gonzaga.
See GONZAGA.
MANTUA: A. D. 1627-1631.
War of France, Spain and the Empire over the disputed
succession to the duchy.
Siege and capture of the city by the Imperialists.
Rights of the Duke de Nevers established.
See ITALY: A. D. 1627-1631.
MANTUA: A. D. 1635.
Alliance with France against Spain.
See GERMANY: A. D. 1634-1639.
MANTUA: A. D. 1796-1797.
Siege and reduction by the French.
See FRANCE: A. D. 1796 (APRIL-OCTOBER);
and 1796-1797 (OCTOBER-APRIL).
MANTUA: A. D. 1797.
Ceded by Austria to the Cisalpine Republic.
See FRANCE: A. D. 1797 (MAY-OCTOBER).
MANTUA: A. D. 1799.
Siege and capture by Suwarrow.
See FRANCE: A. D. 1799 (APRIL-SEPTEMBER).
MANTUA: A. D. 1814.
Restoration to Austria.
See FRANCE: A. D. 1814 (APRIL-JUNE).