See BRAZIL: A. D. 1531-1641.
MAMELUKES OF EGYPT;
their rise;
their sovereignty;
their destruction.
See EGYPT: A. D. 1250-1517; and 1803-1811.
MAMELUKES OF GENEVA, The.
See GENEVA: A. D. 1504-1535.
MAMERTINE PRISON, The.
"Near the Basilica Porcia, and at the foot of the Capitoline
Hill [in ancient Rome], was the ancient carcer or prison. The
original erection of it has been attributed to Ancus Martius,
as we learn from Livy, who says 'he made a prison in the
middle of the city, overlooking the Forum.' The name by which
it is known—Mamertinus—may have been derived from its being
built by Ancus Martius. Mamers was the Sabine name of the god
Mars, and consequently from the name Mamertius, the Sabine way
of spelling Martius, may have been derived Mamertinus. In this
prison there are two chambers, one above the other, built of
hewn stone. The upper is square, while the lower is
semicircular. The style of masonry points to an early date,
when the Etruscan style of masonry prevailed in Rome. … To
these chambers there was no entrance except by a small
aperture in the upper roof, and a similar hole in the upper
floor led to the cell below. From a passage in Livy it would
appear that Tullianum was the name given to the lower cell of
the carcer. … Varro expressly tells us that the lower part
of the prison which was underground was called Tullianum
because it was added by Servius Tullius."
_H. M. Westropp,
Early and Imperial Rome,
page 93._
{2083}
"The oldest portion of the horror-striking Mamertine Prisons
… is the most ancient among all Roman buildings still extant
as originally constructed."
_C. I. Hemans,
Historic and Monumental Rome,
chapter 4._
"Here, Jugurtha, king of Mauritania, was starved to death by
Marius. Here Julius Cæsar, during his triumph for the conquest
of Gaul, caused his gallant enemy Vercingetorix to be put to
death. … The spot is more interesting to the Christian world
as the prison of SS. Peter and Paul."
_A. J. C. Hare,
Walks in Rome,
chapter 3. _
MAMERTINES OF MESSENE, The.
See PUNIC WAR, THE FIRST.
MAMUN, AL, Caliph, A. D. 813-833.
MAN, Kingdom of.
See MANX KINGDOM, THE.
MANAOS, The.
See AMERICAN ABORIGINES: GUCK OR COCO GROUP.
----------MANASSAS: Start--------
MANASSAS: A. D. 1861 (July).
First battle (Bull Run).
See UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
A. D. 1861 (JULY: VIRGINIA).
MANASSAS: A. D. 1862 (March).
Confederate evacuation.
See UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
A. D. 1861-1862 (DECEMBER-MARCH: VIRGINIA).
MANASSAS: A. D. 1862 (August).
Stonewall Jackson's Raid.
The Second Battle.
See UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:
A. D. 1862 (AUGUST: VIRGINIA);
and (AUGUST-SEPTEMBER: VIRGINIA).
----------MANASSAS: End--------
----------MANCHESTER: Start--------
MANCHESTER:
Origin.
See MANCUNIUM.
MANCHESTER: A. D. 1817-1819.
The march of the Blanketeers,
and the "Massacre of Peterloo."
See ENGLAND: A. D. 1816-1820.
MANCHESTER: A. D. 1838-1839.
Beginning of the Anti-Corn-Law agitation.
See TARIFF LEGISLATION (ENGLAND): A. D. 1836-1839.
MANCHESTER: A. D. 1861-1865.
The Cotton Famine.
See ENGLAND: A. D. 1861-1865.
MANCHESTER: A. D. 1894.
Opening of the Ship Canal.
A ship canal, connecting Manchester with Liverpool, and making
the former practically a seaport, was opened on the 1st day of
January, 1894. The building of the canal was begun in 1887.
----------MANCHESTER: End--------
MANCHU TARTAR DYNASTY OF CHINA, The.
See CHINA: A.D. 1294-1882.