turn neither in nor out); short and straight from hock to pastern. Thighs
well muscled. Hocks not too prominent.
FEET.—Small, nearly round, and turned a trifle outward; toes compact and
arched.
TAIL.—Moderate in length, set on low, with a moderate downward carriage,
fine and tapering, devoid of fringe or coarse hair.
COLOR.—Any color except black, mouse, or liver; brindle and white evenly
marked, and whole brindle, are colors most preferred.
COAT.—Fine in texture, short, bright, and not too hard.
WEIGHT.—Light-weight class, 15 to 25 pounds; heavy-weight class, 25 to 35
pounds.
DISQUALIFICATION.—Docked tail.
THE TERRIER (BULL).
[Illustration: F. F. Dole’s, New Haven, Conn.
GULLY THE GREAT.]
ORIGIN.—This is admittedly a cross between the bulldog and the English
terrier.
USES.—Formerly as a fighting dog. Present uses are for vermin, and as
a companion it has _no superior_, being kind, gentle, and exceedingly
honest and loyal.
[Illustration]
* THE VARIOUS PARTS OF THE HEAD, BODY, ETC.
SCALE OF POINTS BY RAWDON B. LEE.
Value.
Head, including skull, muzzle, lips, jaws, and teeth 25
Eyes 10
Ears (badly cropped or otherwise) 5
Neck and shoulders 15
Back 10
Legs and feet 15
Coat 10
Stern 10
---
Total 100
GENERAL APPEARANCE.—The general appearance of the bull-terrier is that
of a symmetrical animal, an embodiment of agility, grace, elegance,
determination, and good nature.
HEAD.—Long, flat, and wide between ears, tapering to the nose, without
cheek muscles; slight indentation down face, without a stop. Jaws long
and very powerful; large black nose, and open nostrils. Eyes small and
very black. Lips should meet as tightly as possible, without a fold.
Teeth regular in shape, _and meet exactly_, any deviation being a great
fault. Ears always cropped for the show-bench, and should be done
scientifically and according to fashion.
NECK.—Long, slightly arched, nicely set into shoulders, tapering to head,
without any loose skin.
BODY.—Shoulders strong, muscular, slanting; chest wide and deep; ribs
well rounded.
BACK.—Short, muscular, but not out of proportion.
LEGS.—Fore legs perfectly straight, well-developed muscles; not “out at
shoulder,” but set on racing lines; very strong at pasterns. Hind legs
long, muscular, with good, strong, straight hocks, well let down.
[Illustration]
FEET.—Resembling those of the hare.
COLOR.—White.
COAT.—Short, close, stiff to the touch, with fine gloss.
TAIL.—From 10 to 12 inches long, set on very low; thick where it joins
the body, tapering to a fine point; carried at an angle of about 45
degrees, without curl, and never over the back.
WEIGHT.—About 30 pounds.
[Illustration]
THE TERRIER (CLYDESDALE OR PAISLEY).
[Illustration: CLYDESDALE LORIS.]
ORIGIN.—Both are often considered as one breed, and supposed to be of
Skye extraction.
USES.—A vermin-dog, but better as a pet.
[Illustration]
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Head 15
Ears 10
Body 15
Coat 20
Color 10
Tail 10
Legs and feet 5
Style and general appearance 15
---
Total 100
GENERAL APPEARANCE AND STYLE.—The general appearance is that of a long,
low dog with plenty of style, having a rather large head in proportion to
its size, and with a coat that looks like silk or spun glass.
HEAD.—Skull slightly domed, very narrow between ears, gradually widening
toward eyes, and tapering very slightly to nose; covered with long, silky
hair, perfectly straight, without curl or waviness, and extending well
beyond nose, plentiful on sides of head, joined by that from the ears,
giving head a very large and rather heavy appearance. Muzzle very deep
and powerful, tapering very slightly to nose, which should be large and
well spread over the muzzle, always black. Jaws strong; teeth perfectly
level. Eyes rather wide apart, large, round, moderately full, but not
prominent; brown, and expressive of great intelligence.
EARS.—This is a most important point. They should be as small as
possible, set on high, carried perfectly erect, covered with long, silky
hair, which should hang in a beautiful fringe down side of head, joining
that on jaws. (Well-carried, finely fringed ears are one of the greatest
points of beauty.)
NECK.—Rather long, very muscular, well set into the shoulders, covered
with same class of hair as the body.
[Illustration]
BODY.—Very long, deep in chest, well ribbed up; back perfectly level.
COAT.—Very long, perfectly straight, free from curl or waviness; very
glossy and silky in texture (not linty), and without any pily under coat.
COLOR.—Dark blue to light fawn, the various shades of blue—dark blue for
preference, but without any approach to blackness or sootiness. Color
of head, beautiful silvery blue, which gets darker on ears; the back,
various shades of dark blue, inclining to silver on lower parts of body
and legs. Tail is generally the same shade or a little darker than the
back.
TAIL.—Perfectly straight, not too long, carried almost level with back;
nicely fringed or feathered.
LEGS AND FEET.—Legs short and straight, well set under body, both legs
and feet well covered with silky hair. (In a good specimen the legs are
scarcely seen.)
[Illustration]
THE TERRIER (DANDIE DINMONT).
[Illustration: William Wanton Dunnell’s.
KELSO COUNT.]
ORIGIN.—Mentioned in 1800 by Davidson as springing from Tarr, reddish and
wire-haired (a bitch), and Pepper (shaggy and light), which shows true
terrier blood.
USES.—An essentially vermin-dog, “dead game;” and when a fox, otter,
etc., is to be bolted it is unsurpassed. It is a curious fact that when
unearthing its game it generally does its fighting on its _back_, tearing
and scratching its opponent’s throat with tooth and nail.
[Illustration]
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Head 10
Eyes 5
Ears 5
Neck 5
Body 20
Tail 5
Legs and feet 10
Coat 15
Color 5
Size and weight 10
General appearance 10
---
Total 100
HEAD.—Strongly made and large, with muscles well developed; skull broad
between ears, growing less toward eyes; forehead well domed. Head
covered with soft, silky hair, not confined to a mere topknot. Cheeks
have a gradual taper toward muzzle, which is deep and strong and about 3
inches in length. Muzzle covered with darker hair than topknot, the top
part being generally bare for about 1 inch from back of nose, where it
is about 1 inch broad. Nose and inside of mouth black or dark-colored.
Teeth strong and very large, level in front, the upper ones overlapping
the under ones. “Swine mouth” is objectionable, but not so much so as
the bulldog mouth. Eyes wide apart, full, large, round, bright, full of
determination, set low and prominent, and of a rich, dark hazel. Ears
large, pendulous, set well back, wide apart, and low on skull, hanging
close to cheek, tapering to a point, the tapering being mostly on the
back part. They are covered with soft, straight brown hair (sometimes
almost black), with a feather of light hair about 2 inches from tip. The
feather does not show, sometimes, till the dog is 2 years old. Leather
rather thin. Length of ear 3 to 4 inches.
[Illustration]
NECK.—Very muscular and strong, and well set into shoulders.
BODY.—Long, strong, and flexible; ribs well sprung; chest deep; back
rather low at shoulder; a slight, gradual droop from loins to root of
tail.
TAIL.—Rather short (8 to 10 inches), covered on upper side with wiry
hair, darker than on body; a feather of about 2 inches, getting shorter
as it nears the tip; simitar-like, not curled nor twisted and when
excited carried gaily above the level of the body.
LEGS AND FEET.—Fore legs short, immense muscular development and bones
set wide apart; feet well formed, _not_ flat. “Bandy legs” objectionable.
Hair on fore legs and feet of blue dog should be tan; on a mustard dog a
darker shade than on head, which is creamy white. Hind legs are rather
longer than front ones, rather wide apart, with feet smaller than front
ones, without feather and dew-claws; claws should be dark.
COAT.—Very important. Hair should be 2 inches long, and that from skull
to root of tail a mixture of hard and soft hair. The hard hair should be
wiry, the coat being pily, that under body being softer and lighter in
color than on top.
[Illustration]
COLOR.—Pepper or mustard. The pepper ranges from dark blue black to a
light silver gray; the mustards from a red brown to pale fawn, the head
being creamy white, with legs and feet darker than head. Claws are dark
as in other colors. Nearly all Dandies have some white on chest and white
claws.
SIZE.—Eight to eleven inches at shoulder. Limit weight, 24 pounds.
LENGTH.—From top of shoulder to root of tail should be twice the dog’s
height.
THE TERRIER (FOX, SMOOTH-COATED).
[Illustration: August Belmont’s.
CHAMPION BLEMTON VICTOR II.]
ORIGIN.—Evidently a very judicious cross between a beagle and a
bull-terrier.
USES.—Essentially a vermin-dog of the highest order, and capable of
worrying a fox when it has taken to earth. It is used by the operatives
in some parts of England for coursing rabbits.
[Illustration]
* THE VARIOUS PARTS OF THE HEAD, BODY, ETC.
SCALE OF POINTS BY RAWDON B. LEE.
Value.
Head, jaws, and ears 20
Neck 5
Shoulders and chest 10
Back and loins 10
Stern and hind quarters 10
Legs and feet 15
Coat 10
Size, symmetry, and character 20
---
Total 100
HEAD.—Skull flat, moderately narrow, gradually decreasing in width to
eyes. Not much stop, but there should be more dip in profile between
forehead and top jaw than in the greyhound. Cheeks must _not_ be full.
Ears V-shaped, small, of moderate thickness, drooping forward close to
cheek, not hanging by side of head. Jaws strong and muscular, of fair
punishing strength. There should not be much falling away below eyes.
This part of head should be moderately chiseled out, but not like a
wedge. Nose tapering and black. Eyes dark, small, rather deep set, full
of fire and intelligence; nearly circular in shape. Teeth nearly level.
[Illustration]
NECK.—Clean, muscular, without throatiness, of fair length, and gradually
widening to shoulders.
SHOULDERS AND CHEST.—Shoulders long and sloping, well laid back, clearly
cut at withers; chest deep and not broad.
BACK.—Short, straight, and strong, with no appearance of slackness.
LOINS.—Powerful and very slightly arched. Fore ribs moderately arched;
back ribs deep. The dog should be well ribbed up.
HIND QUARTERS.—Strong, muscular, quite free from droop or crouch; thighs
long and powerful; hocks near the ground.
[Illustration]
STERN.—Set on rather high, carried gaily, but _not_ over back or curled;
of good strength, anything approaching a “pipe-stopper” tail being
especially objectionable.
LEGS.—Straight, showing little or no appearance of ankle in front; strong
in bone, short and straight in pastern. Both fore and hind legs carried
straight forward in traveling; stifles not turning outward; elbows
perpendicular to the body.
FEET.—Round, compact, not large; soles hard and tough; toes moderately
arched, and turned neither in nor out.
COAT.—Smooth, flat, hard, dense, and abundant. Belly and under side of
thighs should not be bare.
COLOR.—White should predominate; brindle, red, or liver markings are
_objectionable_.
[Illustration]
SYMMETRY, SIZE, AND CHARACTER.—The dog must present a generally gay,
lively, and active appearance. Bone and strength in a small compass,
but this does not mean that a fox-terrier should be cloggy or in any
way coarse. Speed and endurance must be looked to as well as power, and
the symmetry of the foxhound taken as a model. The terrier must on no
account be leggy, nor must it be too short in leg. It should stand like a
cleverly made hunter, covering a lot of ground, yet with a short back.
WEIGHT is not a certain criterion of a terrier’s fitness for its work;
general shape, size, and contour are the main points; it should not scale
over 20 pounds in show condition.
THE TERRIER (FOX, WIRE-HAIRED).
[Illustration: G. M. Carnochan’s, 46 Exchange Place, New York.
THORNFIELD KNOCKOUT.]
[Illustration]
With the exception of the coat, which should be broken, the origin, uses,
and scale of points of this breed are identical with the smooth-coated
variety.
The harder and more wiry the texture of the coat is, the better. The dog
should not look nor feel woolly, and there should be no silky hair. The
coat should not be too long, but it should show a marked difference from
the smooth species.
[Illustration]
THE TERRIER (IRISH).
[Illustration: W. J. Comstock’s, Providence, R. I.
DUNMURRY.]
ORIGIN.—Mr. George R. Krehl, editor of the London (England) “Stockkeeper”
and English vice-president of the Irish Terrier Club, says this is a true
and distinct breed, indigenous to Ireland, and that no man can trace its
origin, which is lost in antiquity.
USES.—Rabbiting, and as a vermin-dog.
[Illustration]
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Head, jaws, teeth, and eyes 15
Ears 5
Legs and feet 10
Neck 5
Shoulders and chest 10
Back and loins 10
Hind quarters and stern 10
Coat 15
Color 10
Size and symmetry 10
---
Total 100
_Negative Points._
White nails, toes, and feet 10
Much white on chest 10
Ears cropped 5
Mouth undershot 10
Coat shaggy or curly 10
Uneven in color 5
---
Total 50
[Illustration]
HEAD.—Long; skull flat, rather narrow between ears, free from wrinkle;
stop hardly visible. Jaws strong, muscular, but not too full in cheek,
and of good punishing length. There should be a slight falling away
below the eye, so as not to have a greyhound appearance. Hair on face
same description as on body: short (about ¼ inch long), almost smooth
and straight; a slight beard is permissible, and that is characteristic.
Teeth strong and level. Lips not so tight as a bull-terrier’s, but well
fitting. Nose black. Eyes dark hazel, small, not prominent, full of life,
fire, and intelligence. Ears, when uncut, small and V-shaped, of moderate
thickness, set well up, dropping forward close to cheek, free from
fringe, and hair thereon shorter and generally darker in color than the
body.
NECK.—Fair length, gradually widening toward shoulders, free from
throatiness, with a slight sort of frill at each side of neck, running
nearly to corner of ear, which is characteristic.
SHOULDERS AND CHEST.—Shoulders _must_ be fine, long, sloping; chest deep,
muscular, but neither full nor wide.
BACK AND LOINS.—Body moderately long; back strong, straight, with no
appearance of slackness; loins broad, powerful, slightly arched; ribs
fairly sprung, rather deep than round.
HIND QUARTERS.—Well under the dog, strong, muscular; thighs powerful;
hocks near the ground; stifles not much bent.
STERN.—Generally docked, free from fringe or feather; set on pretty high;
carried gaily, but not over back, nor curled.
FEET AND LEGS.—Feet strong, tolerably round, moderately small; toes
arched, neither turned out nor in; black toe-nails. Legs moderately long,
well set on, perfectly straight, plenty of bone and muscle; pasterns
short and straight; fore and hind legs moving straight forward when
traveling; stifles not turned outward; legs free of feather, and covered
with hair as on head.
COAT.—Hard, wiry, not soft nor silky, not so long as to hide outlines of
body; straight, flat, no shagginess, no lock nor curl.
COLOR.—“Whole-colored,” the most preferable being bright red, wheaten,
yellow, and gray; _brindle disqualifying_. White sometimes appears on
chest and feet; more objectionable on the latter.
SYMMETRY.—The dog must present an active, lively, lithe, and wiry
appearance; lots of substance, free of clumsiness, and framed on the
“lines of speed.”
[Illustration]
TEMPERAMENT.—The Irish terrier, as a breed, is remarkably good-tempered,
notably so with mankind, it being admitted, however, that it is perhaps
a little too ready to resent interference on part of other dogs, hence
called “daredevils.”
WEIGHT.—Sixteen to twenty-four pounds.
DISQUALIFICATIONS.—Nose cherry or red; brindle color.
THE TERRIER (MALTESE).
[Illustration: Mrs. J. P. Wade’s, Corona, L. I.
FLOSSIE.]
ORIGIN.—Indigenous to the island of Malta, and spoken of by Aristotle,
B.C. 370, as the lap-dog of the fashionable Greeks and Romans.
[Illustration]
USES.—A pet dog essentially.
SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Size 15
Coat 15
Color 15
Color of eyes 10
Color of nose 10
Tail 10
Ears 5
Legs and body 10
Symmetry 10
---
Total 100
As no standard is adopted, the following is the description of the dog.
WEIGHT.—Five pounds; limit, seven pounds.
COLOR.—All white, with long, silky hair, looking like spun glass,
straight, _not_ curly, length _not_ less than 7 inches.
[Illustration]
HEAD AND BODY.—Nose and eyes black. Tail turned or doubled into coat
on back. Ears small, drooping, well clad with hair. Mouth level; teeth
white. Black-coated specimens are _very_ rare and desirable.
DEFECT.—Ears with fawn markings.
THE TERRIER (SCOTTISH).
[Illustration: Newcastle Kennels, Brookline, Mass.
BELLINGHAM BAILIFF. BONNY C.]
ORIGIN.—Nothing definite of this breed can be traced, though it was for
years known in Scotland as the Skye terrier.
[Illustration]
USES.—Unearthing vermin, badgers, foxes, etc.
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Skull 7½
Muzzle 7½
Eyes 5
Ears 5
Neck 5
Chest 5
Body 15
Legs and feet 10
Tail 2½
Coat 15
Size 10
Color 2½
General appearance 10
---
Total 100
GENERAL APPEARANCE.—The face should bear a very sharp, bright, and
active expression, and head carried up. The dog should look compact and
be possessed of great muscle in his hind quarters. A Scottish terrier
_cannot be too powerfully_ put together.
HEAD.—Skull long, slightly domed, covered with short, hard hair about ¾
inch long or less; skull not quite flat. Muzzle very powerful, tapering
toward nose, which should be black and of good size; jaws level; teeth
square, though the nose projects somewhat over the mouth. Eyes wide
apart, dark brown or hazel, small and piercing. Ears very small, prick or
half prick, sharp-pointed, the hair not long, and free from any fringe on
top.
NECK.—Short, thick, muscular; strongly set on sloping shoulders.
CHEST.—Broad and proportionately deep.
[Illustration]
BODY.—Moderate length, rather flat-sided, well ribbed up, and exceedingly
strong in hind quarters.
LEGS AND FEET.—Legs short, and very heavy in bone, the front ones being
straight or slightly bent, and well set on under body; hocks bent; thighs
very muscular; feet strong, small, and thickly covered with short hair.
TAIL.—About 7 inches long, carried with a slight bend, and _never_ cut.
COAT.—Rather short (about 2 inches), intensely hard, wiry, and very dense.
SIZE.—About 16 pounds for a dog; 14 pounds for a bitch.
COLORS.—Steel or iron gray, brindle, black, red, wheaten, yellow, or
mustard color. _White markings are most objectionable._
HEIGHT.—Nine to twelve inches.
FAULTS.—Large or light eyes; silky or curly coat.
[Illustration]
THE TERRIER (SKYE).
[Illustration: (From _Ladies’ Kennel Journal_.)
LAIRD DUNCAN.]
ORIGIN.—Entirely lost. Indigenous, no doubt, to Scotland.
USES.—A good, gamy vermin-dog, hardy and tough.
[Illustration]
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Size 15
Head 15
Ears 10
Body 15
Tail 10
Legs 10
Coat 20
Color 5
---
Total 100
HEAD.—Long; powerful jaws, incisors closing level, or upper jaws just
fitting under. Skull wide at front of brow, narrowing between ears,
tapering to muzzle, with little falling in between or behind eyes. Eyes
hazel, medium size, close set. Muzzle black. Ears, when pricked, not
large; erect at outer edges, slanting toward each other inward. When
pendent, larger, hanging straight, and flat and close at front.
BODY.—Preëminently long and low; shoulders broad; chest deep; ribs well
sprung, oval-shaped, giving flat appearance to sides. Hind quarters
full and well developed. Back level, and declining from top of hip to
shoulders. Neck long and well crested.
TAIL.—When hanging, upper half perpendicular, under half thrown backward
in a curve. When raised, a prolongation of outline of back, not rising
higher nor curling up.
LEGS AND FEET.—Legs short, straight, muscular, no dew-claws. Feet large,
pointing forward.
[Illustration]
COAT (DOUBLE).—Under coat short, close, soft, and woolly; and over coat
long (5½ inches), hard, straight, flat, free from crisp or curl. Hair on
head shorter, softer, veiling forehead and eyes; on ears, overhanging
inside, falling down, not heavily, but surrounding ear like fringe; tail
also feathered.
COLOR.—Dark or light blue, or gray or fawn with black points.
HEIGHT AND LENGTH.—Height at shoulder 9 inches; length, occiput to root
of tail, 22½ inches.
WEIGHT.—Dogs, 18 pounds; bitches, 16 pounds.
DISQUALIFICATIONS.—Doctored ears or tail; weight over 20 pounds; over- or
under-shot jaws.
[Illustration]
TERRIERS (TOY).
Toy terriers are judged by the same points as the large specimens of the
same breed.
THE TERRIER (WELSH).
[Illustration: John Brett’s, Closter, N. J.
TORY II.]
ORIGIN.—Claimed by some to be of Welsh origin, by others of English
origin. However that may be, the breed was only recognized by the English
Kennel Club in 1886, and catalogued under title of “Welsh or English
wire-haired black-and-tan terriers.”
USES.—Essentially a vermin-dog, “dead game.”
[Illustration]
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Head 20
Neck and shoulders 10
Body 10
Loins and hind quarters 10
Legs and feet 15
Coat 15
Color 10
Symmetry 10
---
Total 100
HEAD.—Skull flat, rather wider between ears than the wire-haired
fox-terrier. Jaws powerful, clean cut, rather deeper and more
punishing—giving head a more masculine appearance than that usually seen
on a fox-terrier. Stop not too defined; fair length from stop to end of
nose. Nose black. Ears V-shaped, small, not too thin, set on fairly high,
carried forward and close to cheek. Eyes small, not too deeply set in nor
protruding, dark hazel, expressive, and indicating abundant pluck.
NECK.—Moderate length and thickness, slightly arched and sloping.
[Illustration]
BODY.—Back short, well ribbed up; loins strong; good depth and moderate
width of chest; shoulders long, sloping, well set back; hind quarters
strong; thighs muscular; hocks moderately straight, and well let down.
Stern set on moderately high, and not too gaily carried.
LEGS AND FEET.—Legs straight, muscular, good bone, strong pasterns. Feet
cat-like.
COAT.—Wiry, hard, very close, and abundant.
COLOR.—Black or grizzle and tan, free from pencilings on toes.
SIZE AND WEIGHT.—Fifteen inches in dogs; average weight, 20 pounds.
[Illustration]
THE TERRIER (WHITE ENGLISH).
[Illustration: L. A. Van Zandt’s, New City, N. Y.
TOMMY ATKINS II.]
ORIGIN.—Wholly unknown, but the greatest number come from Manchester
(England).
USES.—A very companionable gamy dog.
[Illustration]
* SCALE OF POINTS, ETC.
Value.
Head 20
Eyes and expression 15
Neck and shoulders 10
Legs, feet, and chest 15
Coat 10
Stern 10
Symmetry 10
Size 10
---
Total 100
HEAD.—Narrow, long, level, almost flat; skull wedge-shaped, well filled
below eyes, not lippy. Eyes small, black, oblong, and set fairly close.
Nose black. Ears cropped and standing perfectly erect.
NECK AND SHOULDERS.—Neck fairly long, tapering; shoulders sloping, no
throatiness, slightly arched at occiput.
BODY.—Chest narrow, deep; body short, curving upward at loins; ribs well
sprung.
LEGS AND FEET.—Legs perfectly straight, well under body, moderate bone;
feet cat-like.
[Illustration]
TAIL.—Moderate length, and set on where arch of back ends; thick where it
joins body, tapering, and _not_ carried higher than the back.
COAT.—Close, hard, short, glossy.
COLOR.—Pure white; colored markings disqualify.
WEIGHT.—Limit, 20 pounds; 14 pounds preferable.
[Illustration]
THE TERRIER (YORKSHIRE).
[Illustration: Mrs. F. Senn’s, 278 West Eleventh Street, New York.
DUKE OF GAINSBORO.]
ORIGIN.—This dog’s home is Manchester (England), where it is said to have
been originated, the black-and-tan, Skye, and Maltese terriers all being
credited with its paternity. Except in color, it resembles greatest the
latter dog.
[Illustration]
USES.—Essentially a toy dog, beautiful and aristocratic.