| | Hours on Duty when Accidents Occurred
Three months |Off +----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----
to |duty| 1st| 2d | 3d | 4th| 5th| 6th| 7th| 8th| 9th|10th
---------------|----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----
Sept. 30, 1908 | 1 | 20 | 18 | 19 | 17 | 15 | 23 | 19 | 11 | 11 | 17
Dec. 31, 1908 | 5 | 12 | 22 | 34 | 14 | 23 | 23 | 16 | 14 | 19 | 13
March 31, 1909 | 4 | 14 | 16 | 29 | 28 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 11 | 12
June 30, 1909 | 1 | 15 | 16 | 10 | 19 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 24 | 12
---------------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----
Year 1909 | 11 | 61 | 72 | 92 | 78 | 69 | 77 | 68 | 60 | 65 | 54
Year 1908 | 6 | 60 |103 | 83 | 85 | 77 | 81 | 72 | 70 | 63 | 57
Year 1907 | 1 | 70 | 86 | 78 | 78 | 71 | 64 | 59 | 48 | 68 | 62
Year 1906 | 6 | 52 | 64 | 70 | 86 | 63 | 81 | 68 | 70 | 71 | 61
Year 1905 | 3 | 52 | 74 | 65 | 54 | 71 | 66 | 59 | 48 | 53 | 56
---------------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----
Five years | 27 |295 |399 |388 |381 |351 |369 |326 |296 |320 |290
---------------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----
{table continued}
==============================================================
| | Hours on Duty when Accidents Occurred
Three months |Off +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
to |duty| 11th| 12th| 13th| 14th| 15th| 16th| 17th
---------------|----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
Sept. 30, 1908 | 1 | 14 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0
Dec. 31, 1908 | 5 | 11 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
March 31, 1909 | 4 | 15 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
June 30, 1909 | 1 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
---------------+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
Year 1909 | 11 | 51 | 37 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0
Year 1908 | 6 | 53 | 35 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0
Year 1907 | 1 | 43 | 35 | 14 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 1
Year 1906 | 6 | 42 | 39 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 2
Year 1905 | 3 | 41 | 37 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1
---------------+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
Five years | 27 | 230 | 183 | 44 | 7 | 11 | 4 | 4
---------------+----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
It will be observed that out of these 3,945 accidents investigated
and reported on by British inspectors during the years 1905 to 1909,
inclusive, a majority happened during the first half of the twelve
hours for which the men were booked and 2.28% when they were working
overtime. In no instance was the accident attributed to long hours.
RAILWAY ACCIDENTS IN EUROPE.
Excluding the returns of injured, for the reason that no two
countries have a common definition of a reportable injury, the
accidents on European railways, according to the latest reports,
resulted in the following fatalities:
KILLED IN EUROPEAN RAILWAY ACCIDENTS.
(Total mileage represented 182,459.)
-----------------+--------+----------+--------+-------+-------+---------
Country | Year |Passengers|Employes| Other | Total |Preceding
| | | |Persons| | Year
-----------------+--------+----------+--------+-------+-------+---------
United Kingdom | 1908 | 107 | 432 | 587 | 1,128 | 1,211
Germany | 1908 | 105 | 604 | 644 | 1,353 | 1,558
Russia in Europe | 1905 | 231 | 478 | 1,149 | 1,858 | 1,632
France | 1907 | (a)36 | 322 |(b)301 | 659 | 627
Austria | 1907 | 11 | 147 | 145 | 303 | 213
Hungary | 1907 | 32 | 138 | 172 | 343 | 319
Italy | 1907-8 | (c)42 | 105 | 115 | 262 | 277
Spain | 1907 | 25 | 64 | 213 | 302 | 219
Portugal | 1904 | | | | 55 |
Sweden | 1906 | 10 | 45 | 57 | 112 | 105
Norway | 1908 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 11 | 9
Denmark | 1907-8 | (c)1 | 20 | 9 | 30 | 22
Belgium | 1907 | 4 | 72 | 70 | 146 | 125
Holland | 1907 | 3 | 18 | 25 | 46 | 60
Switzerland | 1907 | 14 | 45 | 36 | 95 | 78
Roumania | 1907-8 | 8 | 42 | 50 | 100 | 103
+--------+----------+--------+-------+-------+--------
Totals | | 630 | 2,536 | 3,580 | 6,803 | 6,595
-----------------+--------+----------+--------+-------+-------+--------
(a) Train accidents only; other accidents to passengers included under
"Other Persons."
(b) Excluding suicides.
(c) Statistics cover State railways only.
These figures, representing a European mileage of 182,459, may
be compared with those of the United States in 1897 when it had
183,284 miles of line and an accident record of 222 fatalities to
passengers, 1,693 to employes and 4,522 to other persons; or even
with the American record for 1909, when with a mileage 27% greater
the record stood 335 fatalities to passengers, 2,456 to employes and
5,978 to other persons. The excess of fatalities to other persons
in this country is due to the notorious indifference to danger and
law of all classes of citizens in using railway right of way as a
common thoroughfare for adults and playground for children. Despite
the elevation of the tracks in Chicago, the writer has seen scores of
youngsters scarcely able to walk playing on those raised tracks and
laughing at the locomotives as they went shrieking by.
In all comparisons of accidents on American railways with those on
foreign roads, it should be remembered that our excess of mileage and
freight traffic more than balance their density of passenger traffic
and that nowhere else on earth is railway right of way common to
foolhardy pedestrians and creeping children.
The Railroad Commission of Indiana is to be commended for its efforts
to enlist public sentiment against trespassing on railway tracks.
XIII
RAILWAY RECEIVERSHIPS IN 1909
Only five railway companies, operating 859 miles of line, went into
the hands of receivers during the calendar year 1909, as compared
with 24 companies, operating 8,009 miles, for the preceding year.
The capitalization of these five roads was $78,095,000, against
$596,359,000 for those financially involved in 1908. The following
statement gives the names, mileage, funded debt and capital stock of
the roads for which receivers were appointed in 1909:
===============================+=========+=============+============
| Mileage | Funded Debt | Stock
-------------------------------+---------+-------------+------------
Atlanta, Birmingham & Atlantic | 572 | $18,533,000 | $35,000,000
Alabama Terminal | -- | 2,445,000 | 3,000,000
Georgia Terminal | -- | 3,000,000 | 1,500,000
Yellowstone Park | 32 | 696,000 | 696,000
Chicago, Peoria & St. Louis | 255 | 5,875,000 | 7,350,000
-------------------------------+---------+-------------+------------
Total | 859 | $30,549,000 | $47,546,000
-------------------------------+---------+-------------+------------
The number, mileage and capitalization of the railways that have
failed since 1875 are as follows, the figures being from the
_Railroad Age Gazette_:
RECEIVERSHIPS SINCE 1876.
=====+=======+=========+===========
| | | Bonds and
| Roads | Miles | Stock
-----+-------+---------+-----------
1876 | 42 | 6,662 | $467,000
1877 | 38 | 3,637 | 220,294
1878 | 27 | 2,320 | 92,385
1879 | 12 | 1,102 | 39,367
1880 | 13 | 885 | 140,265
1881 | 5 | 110 | 3,742
1882 | 12 | 912 | 39,074
1883 | 11 | 1,990 | 108,470
1884 | 37 | 11,038 | 714,755
1885 | 44 | 8,836 | 385,460
1886 | 13 | 1,799 | 70,346
1887 | 9 | 1,046 | 90,318
1888 | 22 | 3,270 | 186,814
1889 | 22 | 3,803 | 99,664
1890 | 26 | 2,963 | 105,007
1891 | 26 | 2,159 | 84,479
1892 | 36 | 10,508 | 357,692
1893 | 74 | 29,340 | 1,781,046
1894 | 38 | 7,025 | 395,791
1895 | 31 | 4,089 | 369,075
1896 | 34 | 5,441 | 275,597
1897 | 18 | 1,537 | 92,909
1898 | 18 | 2,069 | 138,701
1899 | 10 | 1,019 | 52,285
1900 | 16 | 1,165 | 78,234
1901 | 4 | 73 | 1,627
1902 | 5 | 278 | 5,835
1903 | 9 | 229 | 18,823
1904 | 8 | 744 | 36,069
1905 | 10 | 3,593 | 176,321
1906 | 6 | 204 | 55,042
1907 | 7 | 317 | 13,585
1908 | 24 | 8,009 | 596,359
1909 | 5 | 859 | 78,095
-----+-------+---------+-----------
Total, 34 years |
| 712 | 128,498 | $7,370,526
-----+-------+---------+-----------
[Three figures omitted in bonds and stock column.]
XIV
COST OF RAILWAY REGULATION
Nothing in the record of railway development in the United States
has increased with the rapidity of the cost of their regulation
under the act creating the Interstate Commerce Commission. Since the
first Commission, composed of Judge Thomas M. Cooley, of Michigan,
chairman, William R. Morrison, of Illinois, Augustus Schoonmaker,
of New York, Aldace F. Walker of Vermont, and Walter L. Bragg, of
Alabama, Commissioners, and Edward E. Moseley, Secretary, and Prof.
Henry C. Adams, Statistician, to date the yearly expenditures on its
account have been as follows:
============================+========
1888 Five Commissioners | $97,867
1889 " " | 149,453
1890 " " | 180,440
1891 " " | 214,844
1892 " " | 221,745
1893 " " | 217,792
1894 " " | 209,250
1895 " " | 216,206
1896 " " | 234,941
1897 " " | 234,909
1898 " " | 237,358
1899 " " | 238,125
1900 " " | 243,624
1901 " " | 255,979
1902 " " | 271,728
1903 " " | 298,842
1904 " " | 321,533
1905 " " | 330,739
1906 " " | 382,141
1907 Seven Commissioners | 538,827
1908 " " | 736,530
1909 " " | 988,936
----------------------------+--------
From this it appears that the cost of regulating American railways
has increased tenfold in twenty years. Of this only $34,000 is
chargeable to the increase in number and compensation for the
Commission under the Hepburn Act. Of the balance it was charged by
Representative Adair of Indiana in a speech in Congress last January
that $450,000 annually was for "Interstate Commerce Detectives."
XV
STATISTICS OF FOREIGN RAILWAYS
In the following review of the mileage and traffic statistics of the
principal divisions of Europe and other countries, the information
has been derived from the latest official sources wherever available,
and where estimates have been resorted to as noted they have been
computed from ascertained facts.
======================================================================
| | Miles | |
| | Covered | Capitalization | Passenger
Country | Year | by | or Cost of | Revenues
| |Capitalization| Construction |
-----------------+------+--------------+-----------------+------------
United Kingdom | 1908 | 23,205 | $ 6,382,296,742|$207,539,004
German Empire | 1908 | 35,558 | 3,903,848,400| 178,100,400
France | 1907 | 24,817 | 3,455,436,000| 145,355,448
Russia in Europe | 1905 | 31,545 | (b)3,170,876,360| 58,813,500
Austria | 1907 | 13,427 | 1,515,576,800| 41,716,800
Hungary | 1907 | 11,769 | 741,586,200| 20,836,800
Italy(a) |1907-8| 8,762 | (c)1,091,608,000| 31,149,886
Spain | 1905 | 8,432 | 649,919,610| 16,215,866
Portugal | 1905 | 1,425 | 162,385,280| 4,014,196
Sweden | 1906 | 7,938 | 267,408,450| 10,665,270
Norway | 1908 | 1,608 | 61,841,610| 2,253,420
Denmark(a) |1907-8| 1,191 | 59,806,620| 5,111,910
Belgium | 1907 | 2,871 | (d)451,592,980| 18,340,790
Holland | 1907 | 2,225 | 191,821,000| 10,978,400
Switzerland | 1907 | 2,740 | 303,426,747| 16,222,422
Roumania |1907-8| 1,979 | 183,492,074| 5,089,191
Canada | 1909 | 24,104 | 1,608,963,337| 39,073,488
Argentine | 1907 | 13,690 | 820,433,280| 19,853,760
Japan(a) | 1908 | 3,982 | 190,173,728| 18,786,895
British India | 1908 | 30,809 | 1,336,005,760| 55,132,160
New South Wales | 1909 | 3,623 | 231,870,440| 8,380,744
|------+--------------+-----------------+------------
Total | | 255,700 | $ 26,780,369,418|$913,630,350
| | | |
United States | 1908 | 230,494 |(e)12,840,091,462| 566,832,746
| | | |
-----------------+------+--------------+-----------------+------------
(a) State only.
(b) Including Siberian.
(c) 1906-7.
(d) State only. 2,543 miles.
(e) Exclusive of switching and terminal companies (1,626 miles).
{table continued; part 2}
===================================================================
| | | |
| | Freight | Other | Total
Country | Year | Revenues | Revenues | Earnings
| | | |
-----------------+------+--------------+------------+--------------
United Kingdom | 1908 | $ 286,786,249|$ 89,560,115| $ 583,885,371
German Empire | 1908 | 412,635,760| 56,715,200| 647,451,360
France | 1907 | 176,664,215| 6,421,010| 323,440,673
Russia in Europe | 1905 | 221,967,500| 39,678,500| 320,459,500
Austria | 1907 | 122,214,200| 5,692,800| 169,628,800
Hungary | 1907 | 54,650,400| 3,327,000| 78,814,200
Italy(a) |1907-8| 51,266,976| 6,929,979| 89,346,841
Spain | 1905 | 34,694,555| 6,190,271| 57,100,692
Portugal | 1905 | 5,322,875| 423,936| 9,761,000
Sweden | 1906 | 21,051,360| 815,670| 32,572,300
Norway | 1908 | 3,029,920| 108,810| 5,392,150
Denmark(a) |1907-8| 5,266,350| 680,400| 11,058,660
Belgium | 1907 | 38,532,450| 858,271| 89,731,511
Holland | 1907 | 10,664,400| 1,300,000| 22,942,800
Switzerland | 1907 | 21,204,331| 1,677,556| 39,114,310
Roumania |1907-8| 10,269,530| 629,373| 15,988,094
Canada | 1909 | 95,714,783| 10,268,065| 145,056,336
Argentine | 1907 | 56,597,760| 7,578,240| 83,029,760
Japan(a) | 1908 | 14,651,808| 1,448,881| 34,887,584
British India | 1908 | 84,225,280| 4,088,640| 143,446,080
New South Wales | 1909 | 14,437,981| 1,669,826| 24,488,551
|------+--------------+------------+--------------
Total | |$1,741,848,683|$246,062,543|$2,927,596,573
| | | |
United States | 1908 | 1,665,419,108| 171,554,135| 2,393,805,989
| | | |
-----------------+------+--------------+------------+--------------
(a) State only.
{table continued; part 3}
========================================================================
| | | | | |
| | |Per Cent| | |
Country | Year | Operating |Expense | |Average |
| | Expenses | to | Passengers|Journey |
| | |Revenue | Carried | Miles |
| | | | | |
-----------------+------+--------------+--------+-------------+--------+
United Kingdom | 1908 | $372,103,990| 63.7 |1,725,631,620| 7.8 |
German Empire | 1908 | 476,290,080| 73.6 |1,361,655,150| 14.1 |
France | 1907 | 183,444,503| 55.9 | 474,335,306| 19.9 |
Russia in Europe | 1905 | 216,987,500| 67.8 | 116,441,000| 73.2 |
Austria | 1907 | 120,103,800| 70.8 | 223,717,302| 19.1 |
Hungary | 1907 | 53,309,000| 67.6 | 107,171,000| 21.4 |
Italy(a) |1907-8| 73,735,071| 82.6 | 64,276,501| 25.0(f)|
Spain | 1905 | 27,750,936| 48.6 | 41,846,249| 26.0(f)|
Portugal | 1905 | 4,426,236| 45.3 | 13,446,043| 20.0(f)|
Sweden | 1906 | 21,624,840| 66.3 | 46,452,445| 16.8 |
Norway | 1908 | 3,727,620| 69.1 | 10,679,732| 15.5 |
Denmark(a) |1907-8| 9,344,430| 84.5 | 20,818,639| 21.7 |
Belgium | 1907 | 38,428,809| 64.4 | 181,216,314| 14.0 |
Holland | 1907 | 19,174,400| 83.6 | 42,319,000| 18.4 |
Switzerland | 1907 | 26,311,883| 67.3 | 97,752,465| 12.8 |
Roumania |1907-8| 9,587,468| 60.0 | 8,193,037| 42.2 |
Canada | 1909 | 104,600,082| 72.1 | 32,683,309| 62.0 |
Argentine | 1907 | 56,198,080| 67.7 | 41,911,512| 25.2 |
Japan(a) | 1908 | 17,875,971| 51.2 | 101,115,739| 23.3 |
British India | 1908 | 86,408,000| 60.2 | 321,169,000| 37.7 |
New South Wales | 1909 | 14,380,252| 58.7 | 52,051,556| 11.1 |
|------+--------------+--------|-------------+--------+
Total | |$1,935,812,951| 66.1 |5,084,882,919| 16.52 |
| | | | | |
United States | 1908 | 1,669,547,876| 69.75 | 890,009,574| 32.66 |
| | | | | |
-----------------+------+--------------+--------+-------------+--------+
(a) State only.
(f) Estimated.
{table continued; part 4}
==========================================================
| | | | |
| | | |Per Cent|
Country | Year |Freight Tons | Average | Net |
| | Carried | Haul |Revenues|
| | | (Miles) | to |
| | | |Capital |
-----------------+------+-------------+---------+--------+
United Kingdom | 1908 | 491,595,056| 25.0 | 3.32 |
German Empire | 1908 | 461,296,759| 61.6 | 4.51 |
France | 1907 | 156,504,353| 78.8 | 4.18 |
Russia in Europe | 1905 | 156,129,875| 151.1 | 3.73 |
Austria | 1907 | 151,941,132| 53.7 | 3.27 |
Hungary | 1907 | 61,483,000| 69.5 | 3.6 |
Italy(a) |1907-8| 32,635,763| 66.0(f)| 1.4 |
Spain | 1905 | 22,662,548| 69.4 | 4.5 |
Portugal | 1905 | 3,775,559| 54.0(f)| 3.3 |
Sweden | 1906 | 31,961,244| 43.4 | 4.24 |
Norway | 1908 | 4,501,455| 35.4 | 2.55 |
Denmark(a) |1907-8| 4,726,757| 55.1 | 2.92 |
Belgium | 1907 | 72,494,073| 43.5 | 4.72 |
Holland | 1907 | 15,924,600| 53.8 | 1.93 |
Switzerland | 1907 | 17,411,711| 69.5 | 3.7 |
Roumania |1907-8| 6,796,315| 55.9 | 3.54 |
Canada | 1909 | 66,842,258| 197.0 | 2.51 |
Argentine | 1907 | 27,933,828| 115.9 | 3.95 |
Japan(a) | 1908 | 18,312,223| 78.7 | 8.9 |
British India | 1908 | 62,398,000| 159.1 | 4.33 |
New South Wales | 1909 | 9,298,929| 68.4 | 4.36 |
|------+-------------+---------+--------+
Total | |1,876,625,438| 66.7 | 3.71 |
| | | | |
United States | 1908 |1,532,981,790| 142.5 | 4.17 |
| | | | |
-----------------+------+-------------+---------+--------+
(a) State only.
(f) Estimated.
From the data here furnished it is possible to arrive at a close
approximation of the passenger and freight rates in the countries
named. The average passenger journey and freight haul in the United
States is nearly twice as long as the average for the rest of the
world. In comparing net results it should be remembered that rentals
and taxes should be deducted from the American figures.
For further details of the railways of Canada, the United Kingdom and
the German Empire, for which complete statistics are available, the
reader is referred to succeeding pages.
Here the writer would acknowledge the courtesy of the Railway
Department of Canada for advance copies of the Dominion railway
statistics for 1909.
RAILWAYS OF CANADA.
STATISTICS OF THE RAILWAYS OF THE DOMINION FOR THE YEARS ENDING JUNE
30, 1907, 1908 AND 1909.
=========================+===============+===============+==============
| 1907 | 1908 | 1909
-------------------------+---------------+---------------+--------------
Miles of line operated | 22,608 | 22,966 | 24,104
Second track | 1,096 | 1,211 | 1,464
Yard track and sidings | 4,092 | 4,546 | 4,761
+---------------+---------------+--------------
All tracks | 27,796 | 28,723 | 30,329
Capital cost: | | |
Stock | $588,563,591 | $607,425,349 | $647,534,647
Funded debt | 583,369,217 | 631,869,664 | 660,946,769
Government railways | 100,958,402 | 109,423,104 | 111,545,903
Subsidies | 162,017,157 | 166,291,482 | 188,963,337
+---------------+---------------+--------------
Total capital cost |$1,434,908,367 |$1,515,009,599 |$1,608,990,656
Per mile of line | 63,910 | 65,968 | 66,752
Passenger traffic: | | |
Passengers carried | 32,137,319 | 34,044,992 | 32,683,309
Pass. carried 1 mile | 2,049,549,813 | 2,081,960,864 | 2,033,001,225
Average journey (miles)| 64 | 61 | 62
Average pass. per train| 56 | 54 | 51
Mileage of pass. trains| 30,220,461 | 31,950,349 | 32,295,730
Mileage of mixed trains| 5,971,414 | 6,210,807 | 7,061,580
Receipts from pass. | $39,184,437 | $39,992,503 | $39,073,488
Receipts per pass. mile| | |
(cents) | 1.911 | 1.920 | 1.921
Freight traffic: | | |
Tons carried | 56,497,885 | 63,019,900 | 66,842,258
Tons carried 1 mile |11,687,711,830 |12,961,512,519 |12,961,512,519
Average haul (miles) | 183 | 206 | 197
Freight train mileage | 38,923,890 | 40,476,370 | 40,304,906
Average tons per train | 260 | 278 | 278
Receipts from freight | $94,995,087 | $93,746,655 | $95,714,783
Receipts per ton mile | | |
(mills) | 8.12 | 7.23 | 7.27
Miscellaneous receipts | $12,558,689 | $13,179,155 | $10,268,065
Total receipts | 146,738,214 | 146,918,313 | 145,056,336
| | |
Expenses of operation: | | |
Way and structures | 20,887,092 | 20,778,610 | $21,153,274
Maintenance of | | |
equipment | 21,666,373 | 20,273,626 | 21,510,303
Conducting | | |
transportation | 57,325,543 | 62,486,270 | 54,284,587
General expenses | 3,869,664 | 3,765,636 | 3,853,094
Traffic expenses | -- | -- | 3,798,824
+---------------+---------------+--------------
Total expenses | $103,748,672 | $107,304,142 | $104,600,082
Ratio to earnings | 70.72% | 73.04% | 72.11%
| | |
Net receipts | $42,989,552 | $39,614,171 | $40,456,251
Percentage to | | |
capital cost | 3.00% | 2.61% | 2.51%
Gross receipts per mile | $6,535 | $6,398 | $6,018
Gross expenses per mile | 4,621 | 4,672 | 4,339
Number of employes | 124,012 | 106,404 | 125,195
Compensation | $58,719,493 | $60,376,607 | $63,216,662
Prop. of gross earnings | 40.02% | 41.10% | 43.58%
Prop. of operating | | |
expenses | 56.61% | 56.27% | 60.43%
Average per employe | | |
per year | $473 | $569 | $505
-------------------------+---------------+---------------+--------------
RAILWAYS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM.
STATISTICS OF MILEAGE, CAPITALIZATION, AND TRAFFIC FOR THE YEARS 1907
AND 1908.
========================================+===============+===============
| 1907 | 1908
----------------------------------------+---------------+---------------
Length of railways: | |
Double track or more (miles) | 12,845| 12,926
Single track | 10,263| 10,279
|---------------|---------------
Total length of line | 23,108| 23,205
Total length, all tracks, | |
sidings, etc. | 53,158| 53,669
| |
Total capitalization (paid up) | $6,302,099,773| $6,382,296,742
Capitalization per mile of line | 272,723| 275,040
| |
Passenger traffic: | |
Passengers carried | 1,259,481,000| 1,278,115,000
Season ticket journeys | 445,101,956| 447,516,620
Passengers carried one mile | 13,295,747,058| 13,459,926,636
Average journey (miles) | 7.8| 7.8
Receipts from passengers | $205,036,740| $207,539,004
Average receipts per passenger | |
per mile (cents) | 1.54| 1.542
Mail and other passenger train | |
receipts | $43,213,632| $44,067,043
| |
Freight traffic: | |
Minerals, tons carried | 407,602,177| 388,424,541
General merchandise | 108,284,939| 103,170,515
Total freight, tons | 515,887,116| 491,595,056
Tons carried one mile | 12,897,177,900| 12,289,876,400
Average haul (miles) | 25| 25
Receipts from freight | $298,058,610| $286,786,249
Average receipts per ton mile (cents) | 2.31| 2.333
| |
Miscellaneous receipts | $45,634,648| $45,493,075
|---------------|---------------
Total receipts | $591,943,630| $583,885,371
| |
Expenses of operation | 373,085,840| 372,103,990
Ratio of expenses to earnings | 63.0 | 63.75
| |
Net receipts | $218,857,790|
Percentage to total paid-up capital | 3.47|
| |
Gross receipts per mile | $25,616| $25,162
Gross expenses per mile | 16,165| 16,035
| |
Number of employes | 621,341| (a)621,341
Total compensation | $158,116,560| $156,348,915
Proportion of gross earnings | 26.7| 26.78
Proportion of operating expenses | 42.4| 42.02
Average per employe per year | $254.47| $251.78
----------------------------------------+---------------+---------------
(a) No enumeration of employes has been made since 1907, the last
preceding, in 1904, gave a total of 581,664.
RAILWAYS OF GERMANY.
STATISTICS OF MILEAGE, COST OF CONSTRUCTION, AND TRAFFIC FOR THE
YEARS 1906, 1907 AND 1908.
===========================+==============+==============+==============
| 1906 | 1907 | 1908
---------------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------
Length of State railways | | |
(miles) | 32,050| 32,367| 32,922
Length of private railways | 2,513| 2,613| 2,636
|--------------|--------------|--------------
Total | 34,563| 34,980| 35,558
| | |
Cost of construction |$3,613,493,706|$3,767,220,777|$3,903,848,400
Cost per mile | 104,548| 107,694| 109,788
| | |
Passenger traffic: | | |
Passengers carried | 1,209,224,072| 1,294,881,923| 1,361,655,150
Passengers carried (one | | |
mile) |17,189,336,940|18,372,644,327|19,202,935,120
Average journey (miles) | 14.21| 14.18| 14.10
Receipts from passengers | $170,165,002| $172,339,593| $178,100,400
Receipts per passenger | | |
per mile (cents) | 0.99| 0.94| 0.93
| | |
Freight traffic: | | |
Fast freight and express:| | |
Tons carried | 3,791,769| 3,935,538| 4,013,970
Tons carried 1 mile | 265,115,720| 272,898,271| 269,726,040
Average haul (miles) | 69.91| 69.34| 66.96
Receipts from same | $16,924,080| $17,295,969| $17,015,040
Receipts per ton mile | | |
(cents) | 6.38| 6.34| 6.32
| | |
All freight: | | |
Tons carried | 455,144,382| 484,147,325| 461,296,759
Tons carried one mile |28,118,620,680|29,702,981,149|29,420,680,340
Average haul (miles) | 61.78| 61.35| 61.60
Receipts from freight | $397,580,738| $418,021,052| $412,635,760
Receipts per ton mile | | |
(cents) | 1.41| 1.41| 1.42
| | |
Miscellaneous receipts | $63,151,060| $68,413,909| $56,715,200
|--------------|--------------|--------------
Total receipts | $630,796,800| $658,774,554| $647,451,503
| | |
Expenses of operation | 407,174,400| 454,610,032| 476,290,080
Ratio expenses to earnings| 64.5| 69.1| 73.6
| | |
Net receipts | $223,622,400| $204,645,522| $171,261,040
Percentage on cost of | | |
construction | 6.18| 5.42| 4.51
| | |
Gross receipts per mile | $18,251| $18,833| $28,173
Gross expenses per mile | 11,780| 12,996| 13,489
| | |
Number of employes | 648,437| 695,557| 699,155
Total compensation | $219,390,932| $245,389,859| $259,606,560
Prop. of gross earnings | 34.78| 37.25| 40.10
Prop. of operating expenses| 53.88| 53.98| 54.50
Average per employe | | |
per year | $338.35| $352.82| $371.00
---------------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------