IN THE SHADOW WITH JESUS
_Tuesday afternoon to Thursday night of Passion Week, A.D. 30 (or 29).
Jerusalem._
_Sects. 139-152. Jesus now seeks to prepare the disciples for the tragedy
of His death and for carrying on His work after His departure._
Sect. 139. SITTING ON THE MOUNT OF OLIVES, JESUS SPEAKS TO HIS DISCIPLES
ABOUT THE DESTRUCTION OF JERUSALEM, AND HIS OWN SECOND COMING, IN
APOCALYPTIC LANGUAGE. THE GREAT ESCHATOLOGICAL DISCOURSE[a]
(_Tuesday Afternoon_)
[Footnote a: This great discourse has as its background the death of
Christ. Further on as part punishment for this crime lies the destruction
of Jerusalem. This catastrophe is itself a symbol of the end of the world
and in one sense a coming of Christ in power and judgment. But Christ
boldly predicts his own personal return to earth, though the time is not
revealed. But he does exhort an expectant attitude toward the promises of
his coming and readiness for his return which will be at an unexpected
hour. Jesus employs the common Jewish apocalyptic imagery to portray this
most difficult subject. Some scholars insist that Jesus was himself
merely a wild enthusiast who was carried away by the Messianic hopes of
his people, but that is a one-sided and distorted view of Christ's life
and ignores the great mass of his ethical teaching. It forgets also that
Jesus has a world program of conquest and of power. The various aspects
of the discourse are not kept distinct. Some think that the Gospels have
misunderstood or misrepresented Jesus in this discourse. But we can catch
the general drift of the teaching and leave alone minute details of time
and place against which Jesus himself warned us.]
|Mark 13:1-37 |Matt. 24 and 25 |Luke 21:5-36
| | |
_1 Occasion | 1 And as he | 1 And Jesus |
of the | went forth out | went out from |
Prophecy | of the temple, | the temple, and| 5 And as some
about the | one of his | was going on | spake of the
Destruction | disciples saith| his way; and | temple, how it
of the | unto him, | his disciples | was adorned
Temple._ | [18]Master, | came to him to | with goodly
| behold, what | shew him the | stones and
| manner of | buildings of | offerings, he
| stones and what| 2 the temple. But| 6 said, As for
| manner of | he answered and| these things
| 2 buildings! And | said unto them,| which ye
| Jesus said unto| See ye not all | behold, the
| him, Seest thou| these things? | days will
| these great | verily I say | come, in which
| buildings? | unto you, There| there shall
| there shall not| shall not be | not be left
| be left here | left here one | here one stone
| one stone upon | stone upon | upon another,
| another, which | another, that | that shall not
| shall not be | shall not be | be thrown
| thrown down. | thrown down. | down.
_2 Inquiry | 3 And as he sat| 3 And as he sat|
for Further | on the mount of| on the mount of|
Light from | Olives over | Olives, |
Peter and | against the | the |
James and | temple, Peter | disciples came |
John and | and James and | unto him | 7 And they
Andrew on | John and Andrew| privately, | asked him,
Christ's | asked him | saying, Tell | saying,
Second | 4 privately, Tell| us, when shall | [18]Master,
Coming and | us, when shall | these things | when therefore
the End of | these things | be? and what | shall these
the World._ | be? and what | _shall be_ the | things be? and
| _shall be_ the | sign of thy | what _shall be_
| sign when these| [1]coming, and | the sign when
| things are all | of [2]the end | these things
| about to be | of the world? | are about to
| accomplished? | 4 And Jesus | 8 come to pass?
| 5 And Jesus began| answered and |
| to say unto | said unto them,| And he said,
| them, Take heed| Take heed that | Take heed that
| that no man | no man lead you| ye be not led
| lead you | astray. | astray: for
| astray. | 5 For | many shall
| 6 Many | many shall come| come in my
| shall come in | in my name, | name, saying,
| my name, | saying, I am | I am _he_;
| saying, I am | the Christ; and| and, The time
| _he_; and shall| shall lead many| is at hand: go
| lead many | 6 astray. And ye | ye not after
| 7 astray. And | shall hear of | 9 them. And when
| when ye shall | wars and | ye shall hear
| hear of wars | rumours of | of wars and
| rumours of | wars: see that | tumults, be
| wars, be not | ye be not | not terrified:
| troubled: | troubled: for | for these
| _these things_ | _these things_ | things must
| must needs come| must needs come| needs come to
| to pass; but | to pass; but | pass first;
| the end is not | the end is not | but the end is
| yet. | yet. | not
| | | immediately.
| | |10 Then said he
| | | unto them,
| 8 For nation| 7 For nation| Nation shall
| shall rise | shall rise | rise against
| against nation,| against nation,| nation, and
| and kingdom | and kingdom | kingdom
| against | against | against
| kingdom: there | kingdom: and |11 kingdom: and
| shall be | there shall be | there shall be
| earthquakes in | famines and | great
| divers places; | earthquakes in | earthquakes,
| there shall be | divers places. | and in divers
| famines: these | But all these | places famines
| things are the | things are the | and
| beginning of | beginning of | pestilences;
| travail [_see | travail. | and there
| Isa. 19:2_]. | | shall be
| | | terrors and
| | | great signs
| | | from heaven.
| | |
| 9 But take ye | |12 But before
| heed to | | all these
| yourselves: for| 9 Then shall | things, they
| they shall | they deliver | shall lay their
| deliver you up | you up unto | hands on you,
| to councils; | tribulation, | and shall
| | and shall kill | persecute you,
| and in | you: and ye | delivering you
| synagogues | | up to the
| shall ye be | | synagogues and
| beaten; and | | prisons,
| before | | [22]bringing
| governors and | shall be hated | you before
| kings shall ye | of all the | kings and
| stand for my | nations for my | governors for
| sake, for a | name's sake. | my name's
| testimony unto | |13 sake. It shall
|10 them. And the | | turn unto you
| gospel must | | for a
| first be | | testimony.
| preached unto | |
| all the | |
|11 nations. And | |
| when they lead | |14 Settle it
| you _to | | therefore in
| judgement_, and| | your hearts,
| deliver you up,| | not to
| be not anxious | | meditate
| beforehand what| | beforehand how
| ye shall speak:| |15 to answer: for
| but whatsoever | | I will give
| shall be given | | you a mouth
| you in that | | and wisdom,
| hour, that | | which all your
| speak ye: for | | adversaries
| it is not ye | | shall not be
| that speak, but| | able to
| the Holy Ghost.| | withstand or
|12 And brother |10 And then shall | to gainsay.
| shall deliver | many stumble, |16 But ye shall
| up brother to | and shall | be delivered
| death, and the | deliver up one | up even by
| father his | another, and | parents, and
| child; and | shall hate one | brethren, and
| children shall |11 another. And | kinsfolk, and
| rise up against| many false | friends; and
| parents, and | prophets shall | _some_ of you
| [19]cause them | arise, and | [23]shall they
| to be put to | shall lead many| cause to be
| death [_see |12 astray. And | put to death.
| Micah 7:6_]. | because |17 And ye shall
|13 And ye shall be| iniquity shall | be hated of
| hated of all | be multiplied, | all men for my
| men for my | the love of the| name's sake.
| name's sake: | many shall wax |18 And not a hair
| but he that |13 cold. But he | of your head
| endureth to the| that endureth | shall perish.
| end, the same | to the end, the|19 In your
| shall be saved.| same shall be | patience ye
| |14 saved. And | shall win your
| | [3]this gospel | [24]souls.
| | of the kingdom |
| | shall be |
| | preached in the|
| | whole [4]world |
| | for a testimony|
| | unto all the |
| | nations; and |
| | then shall the |
| | end come. |
_3 Sign of |14 But when ye |15 When |
the | see the | therefore ye |
Destruction | abomination of | see the |
of | desolation | abomination of |
Jerusalem._ | standing where | desolation, |
| he ought not | which was |
| | spoken of [5]by|
| | Daniel the |
| | prophet [_see |
| | Dan. 9:27; |
| | 11:31; 12:11_],|
| | standing in |
| | [6]the holy |
| (let him that | place (let him |
| readeth | that readeth |
| understand), | understand), |
| | |20 But when ye
| | | see Jerusalem
| | | compassed
| | | with armies,
| | | then know that
| | | her desolation
| | | is at hand.
| then let them |16 then let them |21 Then let them
| that are in | that are in | that are in
| Judea flee unto| Judea flee unto| Judea flee
| the mountains: | the mountains: | unto the
|15 and let him |17 let him that is| mountains; and
| that is on the | on the housetop| let them that
| housetop not go| not go down to | are in the
| down, nor enter| take out the | midst of her
| in, to take | things that are| depart out;
| anything out of| in his house: | and let not
|16 his house: and |18 and let him | them that are
| let him that is| that is in the | in the country
| in the field | field not | enter therein.
| not return back| return back to |
| to take his | take his cloke.|
| cloke. | |22 For these are
| | | days of
| | | vengeance, that
| | | all things
| | | which are
| | | written may be
|17 But woe unto |19 But woe unto |23 fulfilled. Woe
| them that are | them that are | unto them that
| with child and | with child and | are with child
| to them that | to them that | and to them
| give suck in | give suck in | that give suck
|18 those days! And|20 those days! And| in those days!
| pray ye that it| pray ye that |
| be not in the | your flight be |
|19 winter. For | not in the |
| those days | winter, neither|
| shall be | on a sabbath: |
| tribulation, |21 for then shall |
| such as there | be great |
| hath not been | tribulation, |
| the like from | such as hath |
| the beginning | not been from |
| of the creation| the beginning |
| which God | of the world |
| created until | until now, no, |
| now, and never | nor ever shall |
|20 shall be. And | be [_see Dan. |
| except the Lord|22 12:1_]. And |
| had shortened | except those |
| the days, no | days had been |
| flesh would | shortened, no |
| have been | flesh would |
| saved: but for | have been |
| the elect's | saved: but for |
| sake, whom he | the elect's |
| chose, he | sake those days|
| shortened the | shall be |
| days. | shortened. |
| | | for there
| | | shall be great
| | | distress upon
| | | the [25]land,
| | | and wrath unto
| | | this people.
| | |24 And they shall
| | | fall by the
| | | edge of the
| | | sword, and
| | | shall be led
| | | captive into
| | | all nations:
| | | and Jerusalem
| | | shall be
| | | trodden down
| | | of the
| | | Gentiles,
| | | until the
| | | times of the
| | | Gentiles be
| | | fulfilled.
_4. False |21 And then if any|23 Then if any man|
Christs and | man shall say | shall say unto |
the Second | unto you, Lo, | you, Lo, here |
Coming._ | here is the | is the Christ, |
| Christ; or, Lo,| or, Here; |
| there; believe | believe [7]_it_|
| [7]_it_ not: |24 not. For there |
|22 for there shall| shall arise |
| arise false | false Christs, |
| Christs and | and false |
| false prophets,| prophets, and |
| and shall shew | shall shew |
| signs and | great signs and|
| wonders, that | wonders; so as |
| they may lead | to lead astray,|
| astray, if | if possible, |
| possible, the | even the elect |
|23 elect. But take| [_see Deut. |
| ye heed: |25 13:1_]. Behold,|
| behold, I have | I have told you|
| told you all |26 beforehand. If |
| things | therefore they |
| beforehand. | shall say unto |
| | you, Behold, he|
| | is in the |
| | wilderness; go |
| | not forth: |
| | Behold, he is |
| | in the inner |
| | chambers; |
| | believe [8]it |
| |27 not. For as the|
| | lightning |
| | cometh forth |
| | from the east, |
| | and is seen |
| | even unto the |
| | west; so shall |
| | be the |
| | [1]coming of |
| | the Son of man.|
| |28 Wheresoever the|
| | carcase is, |
| | there will the |
| | [9]eagles be |
| | gathered |
| | together. |
| | |
|24 But in those |29 But |
| days, after | immediately, |
| that | after the |
| tribulation, | tribulation of |25 And there
| the sun shall | those days, the| shall be signs
| be darkened, | sun shall be | in the sun and
| and the moon | darkened, and | moon and
| shall not give | the moon shall | stars; and
|25 her light, and | not give her | upon the earth
| the stars shall| light, and the | distress of
| be falling from| stars shall | nations, in
| heaven, | fall from | perplexity for
| | heaven, | the roaring of
| | | the sea and
| | | the billows;
| | |26 men
| | | [26]fainting
| | | for fear, and
| | | for
| | | expectation of
| | | the things
| | | which are
| | | coming on
| and the | | [27]the world:
| powers that are| and the | for the powers
| in the heavens | powers of the | of the heavens
| shall be | heavens shall | shall be
| shaken. |30 be shaken: and | shaken [_see
| | and then shall | Isa. 13:9-10;
| | appear the sign| Ezek. 32:7-8;
| | of the Son of | Joel 2:1-2,
| | man in heaven | 10-11, 30-31;
| | [_see Zech. | Amos 8:9;
| | 12:12_]: and | Zeph.
| | then shall all | 1:14-16_].
| | the tribes of |
| | the earth |
| | mourn, and they|27 And then shall
|26 And then shall | shall see the | they see the
| they see the | Son of man | Son of man
| Son of man | coming on the | coming in a
| coming in | clouds of | cloud with
| clouds with | heaven with | power and
| great power and| power and great| great glory.
|27 glory. And then|31 glory. And he | [_see Dan.
| shall he send | shall send | 7:13-14
| forth the | forth his | (Septuagint)_].
| angels, and | angels [10]with|
| shall gather | [11]a great |
| together his | sound of a |
| elect from the | trumpet, and |
| four winds, | they shall |
| from the | gather together|
| uttermost part | his elect from |
| of the earth to| the four winds,|
| the uttermost | from one end of|
| part of heaven.| heaven to the |
| | other. |
| | |28 But when these
| | | things begin
| | | to come to
| | | pass, look up,
| | | and lift up
| | | your heads;
| | | because your
| | | redemption
| | | draweth nigh.
| | | [_see Deut.
| | | 30:4
| | | (Septuagint);
| | | Isa. 27:12-13;
| | | Zech. 2:6
| | | (Septuagint)_]
_Parable of |28 Now from the |32 Now from the |29 And he spake
the Fig | fig tree learn | fig tree learn | to them a
Tree._ | her parable: | her parable: | parable:
| when her branch| when her branch| Behold the fig
| is now become | is now become | tree, and all
| tender, and | tender, and |30 trees: when
| putteth forth | putteth forth | they now shoot
| its leaves, ye | its leaves, ye | forth, ye see
| know that the | know that the | it and know of
| summer is nigh;| summer is nigh;| your own selves
|29 even so ye |33 even so ye | that the
| also, when ye | also, when ye | summer is now
| see these | see all these |31 nigh. Even so
| things coming | things, know ye| ye also, when
| to pass, know | that [12]he is | ye see these
| ye that [12]he | nigh, _even_ at| things coming
| is nigh, _even_| the doors. | to pass, know
| at the doors. |34 Verily I say | ye that the
|30 Verily I say | unto you, This | kingdom of God
| unto you, This | generation | is nigh.
| generation | shall not pass |32 Verily I say
| shall not pass | away, till all | unto you, This
| away, until all| these things be| generation
| these things be| accomplished. | shall not pass
| accomplished. |35 Heaven and | away, till all
|31 Heaven and | earth shall | things be
| earth shall | pass away, but | accomplished.
| pass away: but | my words shall |33 Heaven and
| my words shall | not pass away. | earth shall
| not pass away. |36 But of that day| pass away: but
|32 But of that day| and hour | my words shall
| or that hour | knoweth no one,| not pass away.
| knoweth no one,| not even the |
| not even the | angels of |
| angels in | heaven, |
| heaven, neither| [13]neither the|
| the Son, but | Son, but the |
| the Father. | Father only. |
| |37 And as _were_ |
| | the days of |
Noah, so shall be the [1]coming of the Son of man [_see Gen.
38 6:11-13; 7:7, 21-23_]. For as in those days which were before the
flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in
39 marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ark, and they
knew not until the flood came, and took them all away; so shall be
40 the [1]coming of the Son of man. Then shall two men be in the
41 field; one is taken, and one is left: two women _shall be_
| | grinding at the|
| | mill; one is |
| | taken, and one |
| | is left. |
_5 Readiness|33 Take ye heed, | |34 But take heed
urged by | watch [20]and | | to yourselves,
Series of | pray: for ye | | lest haply
Parables._ | know not when | | your hearts be
| the time is. | | overcharged
|34 _It is_ as | | with
| _when_ a man, | | surfeiting, and
| sojourning in | | drunkenness,
| another | | and cares of
| country, having| | this life, and
| left his house,| | that day come
| and given | | on you
| authority to | | suddenly as a
| his | |35 snare: for
| [21]servants, | | _so_ shall it
| to each one his| | come upon all
| work, commanded| | them that
_Parable of | also the porter| | dwell on the
the Porter_ |35 to watch. Watch|42 Watch | face of all
| therefore: for | therefore: for |36 the earth. But
| ye know not | ye know not on | watch ye at
| when the lord | what day your | every season,
| of the house | Lord cometh. | making
| cometh, whether| | supplication,
| at even, or at | | that ye may
| midnight, or at| | prevail to
| cockcrowing, or| | escape all
| in the morning;| | these things
|36 lest coming | | that shall
| suddenly he | | come to pass,
| find you | | and to stand
|37 sleeping. And |43 [14]But know | before the Son
_Parable of | what I say unto| this, that if | of man.
the Master of| you I say unto | the master of |
the House._ | all, Watch. | the house had |
| | known in what |
| | watch the thief|
| was coming, he would have watched, and would not have
| suffered his house to be [15]broken through.
|44 Therefore be ye also ready: for in an hour that ye
_Parable of |45 think not the Son of man cometh. Who then is the
the Faithful | faithful and wise [16]servant, whom his lord hath
Servant and | set over his household, to give them their food in
of the Evil |46 due season? Blessed is that [16]servant, whom his
Servant._ |47 lord when he cometh shall find so doing. Verily I
| say unto you, that he will set him over all that he
|48 hath. But if that evil [16]servant shall say in his
|49 heart, My lord tarrieth; and shall begin to beat his
| fellow-servants, and shall eat and drink with the
|50 drunken; the lord of that [16]servant shall come in
| a day when he expecteth not, and in an hour when he
|51 knoweth not, and shall [17]cut him asunder, and
| appoint his portion with the hypocrites: there shall
| be the weeping and gnashing of teeth.
[Footnote 1: Gr. _presence_.]
[Footnote 2: Or, _the consummation of the age_.]
[Footnote 3: Or, _these good tidings_.]
[Footnote 4: Gr. _inhabited earth_.]
[Footnote 5: Or, _through_.]
[Footnote 6: Or, _a holy place_.]
[Footnote 7: Or, _him_.]
[Footnote 8: Or, _them_.]
[Footnote 9: Or, _vultures_.]
[Footnote 10: Many ancient authorities read _with a great trumpet,
and they shall gather &c._]
[Footnote 11: Or, _a trumpet of great sound_.]
[Footnote 12: Or, _it_.]
[Footnote 13: Many authorities, some ancient, omit _neither the
Son_.]
[Footnote 14: Or, _But this ye know._]
[Footnote 15: Gr. _digged through_.]
[Footnote 16: Gr. _bondservant_.]
[Footnote 17: Or, _severely scourge him_.]
[Footnote 18: Or, _Teacher_.]
[Footnote 19: Or, _put them to death_.]
[Footnote 20: Some ancient authorities omit _and pray_.]
[Footnote 21: Gr. _bondservants_.]
[Footnote 22: Gr. you _being brought_.]
[Footnote 23: Or, _shall they put to death_.]
[Footnote 24: Or, _lives_.]
[Footnote 25: Or, _earth_.]
[Footnote 26: Or, _expiring_.]
[Footnote 27: Gr. _the inhabited earth_.]
|Matt. chap. 25
_Parable of | 1 Then shall the kingdom of heaven be likened unto
the Ten | ten virgins, which took their [1]lamps, and went
Virgins._ | 2 forth to meet the bridegroom. And five of them were
| 3 foolish, and five were wise. For the foolish, when
| 4 they took their [1]lamps, took no oil with them: but
| the wise took oil in their vessels with their
| 5 [1]lamps. Now while the bridegroom tarried, they all
| 6 slumbered and slept. But at midnight there is a cry,
| Behold, the bridegroom! Come ye forth to meet him.
| 7 Then all those virgins arose, and trimmed their
| 8 [1]lamps. And the foolish said unto the wise, Give
| 9 us of your oil; for our [1]lamps are going out. But
| the wise answered, saying, Peradventure there will
| not be enough for us and you: go ye rather to them
|10 that sell, and buy for yourselves. And while they
| went away to buy, the bridegroom came; and they that
| were ready went in with him to the marriage feast:
|11 and the door was shut. Afterward, come also the
|12 other virgins, saying, Lord, Lord, open to us. But
| he answered and said, Verily I say unto you, I know
|13 you not. Watch therefore, for ye know not the day
| nor the hour.
_Parable of |14 For _it is_ as _when_ a man, going into another
the Talents._| country, called his own [2]servants, and delivered
|15 unto them his goods. And unto one he gave five
| talents, to another two, to another one; to each
| according to his several ability; and he went on his
|16 journey. Straightway he that received the five
| talents went and traded with them, and made other
|17 five talents. In like manner he also that _received_
|18 the two gained other two. But he that received the
| one went away and digged in the earth, and hid his
|19 lord's money. Now after a long time the lord of
| those [2]servants cometh, and maketh a reckoning with
|20 them. And he that received the five talents came and
| brought other five talents, saying, Lord, thou
| deliveredst unto me five talents: lo, I have gained
|21 other five talents. His lord said unto him, Well
| done, good and faithful [3]servant: thou hast been
| faithful over a few things, I will set thee over
| many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord.
|22 And he also that _received_ the two talents came and
| said, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me two talents:
|23 lo, I have gained other two talents. His lord said
| unto him, Well done, good and faithful [3]servant;
| thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will
| set thee over many things: enter thou into the joy
|24 of thy lord. And he also that had received the one
| talent came and said, Lord, I knew thee that thou
| art a hard man, reaping where thou didst not sow,
|25 and gathering where thou didst not scatter: and I
| was afraid, and went away and hid thy talent in the
|26 earth: lo, thou hast thine own. But his lord
| answered and said unto him, Thou wicked and slothful
| [3]servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sowed
|27 not, and gather where I did not scatter; thou
| oughtest therefore to have put my money to the
| bankers, and at my coming I should have received
|28 back mine own with interest. Take ye away therefore
| the talent from him, and give it unto him that hath
|29 the ten talents. For unto every one that hath shall
| be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him
| that hath not, even that which he hath shall be
|30 taken away. And cast ye out the unprofitable
| [3]servant into the outer darkness: there shall be
| the weeping and gnashing of teeth.
_6 Picture |31 But when the Son of man shall come in his glory,
of the | and all the angels with him [_see Zech. 14:5_], then
Judgment |32 shall he sit on the throne of his glory: and before
with Parable | him shall be gathered all the nations: and he shall
of the Sheep | separate them one from another, as the shepherd
and the |33 separateth the sheep from the [4]goats; and he shall
Goats._ | set the sheep on his right hand, but the [4]goats on
|34 the left. Then shall the King say unto them on his
| right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit
| the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of
|35 the world: for I was an hungred, and ye gave me
| meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a
|36 stranger, and ye took me in; naked, and ye clothed
| me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison,
|37 and ye came unto me. Then shall the righteous answer
| him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and
|38 fed thee? or athirst, and gave thee drink? And when
| saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked,
|39 and clothed thee? And when saw we thee sick, or in
|40 prison, and came unto thee? And the King shall
| answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you,
| Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my brethren,
|41 _even_ these least, ye did it unto me. Then shall he
| say also unto them on the left hand, [5]Depart from
| me, ye cursed, into the eternal fire which is
|42 prepared for the devil and his angels: for I was an
| hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and
|43 ye gave me no drink: I was a stranger, and ye took
| me not in; naked, and ye clothed me not; sick, and
|44 in prison, and ye visited me not. Then shall they
| also answer, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an
| hungred, or athirst, or a stranger, or naked, or
| sick, or in prison, and did not minister unto thee?
|45 Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say unto
| you, Inasmuch as ye did it not unto one of these
|46 least, ye did it not unto me. And these shall go
| away into eternal punishment: but the righteous into
| eternal life [_see Dan. 12:2_].
[Footnote 1: Or, _torches_.]
[Footnote 2: Gr. _bondservants_.]
[Footnote 3: Gr. _bondservant_.]
[Footnote 4: Gr. _kids_.]
[Footnote 5: Or, _Depart from me under a curse._]
Sect. 140. JESUS PREDICTS HIS CRUCIFIXION TWO DAYS HENCE (JEWISH FRIDAY)
Probably at Bethany on Tuesday evening (beginning of Jewish Wednesday).
The Rulers in Jerusalem plot His death
Mark 14:1-2 |Matt. 26:1-5 |Luke 22:1-2
| |
1 Now after two days| 1 And it came to | 1 Now the feast of
was _the feast of_ | pass, when Jesus had| unleavened bread
the passover and the| finished all these | drew nigh, which
unleavened bread: | words, he said unto | is called the
| 2 his disciples, Ye | Passover.
| know that after two |
| days the passover |
| cometh, and the Son |
| of man is delivered |
| up to be crucified. |
| 3 Then were gathered | 2 And the
and the chief | together the chief | chief priests and
priests and the | priests, and the |
| elders of the |
| people, unto the |
| court of the high |
| priest, who was |
| 4 called Caiaphas; and|
scribes sought how | they took counsel |
they might take him | together that they | the scribes sought
with subtilty, and | might take Jesus by | how they might put
2 kill him: for they | subtilty, and kill | him to death; for
said, Not during the| 5 him. But they said, |
feast, lest haply | Not during the |
there shall be a | feast, lest a tumult|
tumult of the | arise among the | they feared the
people. | people. | people.
Sect. 141. AT THE FEAST IN THE HOUSE OF SIMON THE LEPER MARY OF BETHANY
ANOINTS JESUS FOR HIS BURIAL
At Bethany (Tuesday evening, Jewish Wednesday)
Mark 14:3-9 |Matt. 26:6-13 |John 12:2-8
| |
3 And while he was | 6 Now when Jesus was| 2 So they made him
in Bethany in the | in Bethany, in the | a supper there: and
house of Simon the | house of Simon the | Martha served; but
leper, as he sat at | leper, | Lazarus was one of
meat, there came a | 7 there came | them that sat at
woman having [1]an | unto him a woman | meat with him.
alabaster cruse of | having [1]an | 3 Mary[a] therefore
ointment of | alabaster cruse of | took a pound of
[2]spikenard very | exceeding | ointment of
costly; _and_ she | precious ointment, | [2]spikenard, very
brake the cruse, and| and she poured it | precious, and
poured it over his | upon his head, as he| anointed the feet
4 head. But there were| 8 sat at meat. But | of Jesus, and
some that had | when the disciples | wiped his feet
indignation among | saw it, they had | with her hair: and
themselves, | indignation, saying,| the house was
_saying_, To what | To what purpose is | filled with the
purpose hath this | | odour of the
waste of the | | 4 ointment. But
ointment been made? | | Judas Iscariot,
5 For this ointment | 9 this waste? For this| one of his
might have been sold| _ointment_ might | disciples, which
for above three | have been sold for | should betray him,
hundred [3]pence, | much, | 5 saith, Why was not
and given to the | and given to the| this ointment sold
poor. And they |10 poor. But Jesus | for three hundred
murmured against | perceiving it said | [3]pence, and
6 her. But Jesus said,| unto them, Why | given to the poor?
Let her alone; why | trouble ye the | 6 Now this he said,
trouble ye her? she | woman? for she hath | not because he
hath wrought a good | wrought a good work | cared for the
7 work on me. For ye |11 upon me. For ye have| poor; but because
have the poor always| the poor always with| he was a thief,
with you, and | you; | and having the
whensoever ye will | | [4]bag [5]took
ye can do them good:| but me you have | away what was put
but me ye have not |12 not always. For in | 7 therein. Jesus
8 always. She hath | that she poured this| therefore said,
done what she could:| ointment upon my | [6]Suffer her to
she hath anointed my| body, she did it to | keep it against
body aforehand for | prepare me for | the day of my
9 the burying. And |13 burial. Verily I | 8 burying. For the
verily I say unto | say unto you, | poor ye have
you, Wheresoever the| Wheresoever this | always with you;
gospel shall be | gospel shall be | but me ye have not
preached throughout | preached in the | always.
the whole world, | whole world, that |
that also which this| also which this |
woman hath done | woman hath done |
shall be spoken of | shall be spoken of |
for a memorial of | for a memorial of |
her. | her. |
[Footnote 1: Or, _a flask_.]
[Footnote 2: Gr. _pistic nard_, pistic being perhaps a local name.
Some take it to mean _genuine_; others, _liquid_.]
[Footnote 3: The word in the Greek denotes a coin worth about
seventeen cents.]
[Footnote 4: Or, _box_.]
[Footnote 5: Or, _carried what was put therein_.]
[Footnote 6: Or, _Let her alone:_ it was _that she might keep it_.]
[Footnote a: This anointing has nothing in common with that given by Luke
(Sect. 59), except the fact of a woman anointing the Saviour's feet, and
the name Simon, which was common. The former was in Galilee, this is at
Bethany near Jerusalem. There the host despised the woman who anointed,
here her brother is one of the guests, and her sister an active
attendant. There the woman was "a sinner," a notoriously bad woman, here
it is the devout Mary who "sat at the Lord's feet and heard his word"
months before (Sect. 104). There the host thought strange that Jesus
allowed her to touch him, here the disciples complain of the waste. There
the Saviour gave assurance of forgiveness, here of perpetual and
world-wide honor. Especially notice that here the woman who anoints is
anticipating his speedy death and burial, of which at the former time he
had never distinctly spoken. In view of all these differences it is
absurd to represent the two anointings as the same, and outrageous on
such slender ground to cast reproach on Mary of Bethany.]
Sect. 142. JUDAS, STUNG BY THE REBUKE OF JESUS AT THE FEAST, BARGAINS
WITH THE RULERS TO BETRAY JESUS
Tuesday Night in Jerusalem
Mark 14:10-11 |Matt. 26:14-16 |Luke 22:3-6
| |
10 And Judas |14 Then one of the | 3 And Satan entered
Iscariot, [1]he | twelve, who was | into Judas who was
that was one of the | called Judas | called Iscariot,
twelve, went away | Iscariot, | being of the
| | number of the
| | 4 twelve. And he
| went unto | went away, and
unto the chief | the chief priests, | communed with the
priests, | and said, | chief priests and
that he | | captains, how he
might deliver him | | might deliver him
unto them. | | unto them.
|15 What are |
| ye willing to give |
| me, and I will |
| deliver him unto |
| you? |
11 And they, | And they | 5 And
when they heard it, | weighed unto him | they were glad,
were glad, and | thirty pieces of | and covenanted to
promised to give him| silver [_see Zech. | give him money.
money. |16 11:12_]. And from | 6 And he consented,
And he sought | that time he sought | and sought
how he might | opportunity to | opportunity to
conveniently deliver| deliver him _unto | deliver him unto
him _unto them_. | them_. | them [2]in the
| | absence of the
| | multitude.
[Footnote 1: Gr. _the one of the twelve_.]
[Footnote 2: Or, _without tumult_.]
Sect. 143. THE PREPARATION FOR THE PASCHAL MEAL AT THE HOME OF A FRIEND
(POSSIBLY THAT OF JOHN MARK'S FATHER AND MOTHER)
Jerusalem, Thursday[a] afternoon. (A Day of Preparation)
Mark 14:12-16 |Matt. 26:17-19 |Luke 22:7-13
| |
12 And on the first |17 Now on the first | 7 And the day of
day of unleavened | _day_ of unleavened | unleavened bread
bread, when they | bread the disciples | came, on which the
sacrificed the | came to Jesus, | passover must be
passover, his | saying, | sacrificed.
disciples say unto | |
him, Where wilt thou| Where wilt |
that we go and make | thou that we make |
ready that thou | ready for thee to |
mayest eat the | eat the passover? |
passover [_see Ex. | And he said, |
13 12:18-20_]? And he | | 8 And he
sendeth two of his | | sent Peter and
disciples, and saith| | John, saying, Go
unto them, | | and make ready for
| | us the passover,
| | that we may eat.
| | 9 And they said unto
| | him, Where wilt
| | thou that we make
| |10 ready? And he said
| | unto them, Behold,
| | when ye are
Go into |18 Go into | entered into the
the city, and there | the city to such a | city, there shall
shall meet you a man| man, and say unto | meet you a man
bearing a pitcher of| him, | bearing a pitcher
water: follow him; | | of water; follow
| | him into the house
14 and wheresoever he | | whereinto he
| |11 goeth. And ye
shall enter in, say | | shall say unto the
to the goodman of | | goodman of the
the house, The | | house, The
[1]Master saith, | | [1]Master saith
| The [1]Master | unto thee, Where
Where is my | saith, My time is at| is the
guest-chamber, where| hand; I keep the | guest-chamber,
I shall eat the | passover at thy | where I shall eat
passover with my | house with my | the passover with
15 disciples? And he | disciples. |12 my disciples? And
will himself shew | | he will shew you a
you a large upper | | large upper room
room furnished _and_| |
ready: and there | | furnished: there
make ready for us. | | make ready.
16 And the disciples |19 And the |13 And
went forth, and came| disciples did as | they went, and
into the city, and | Jesus appointed | found as he had
found as he had said| them; | said unto them:
unto them: and they | | and they made
made ready the | and they made | ready the
passover. | ready the passover. | passover.
[Footnote 1: Or, _Teacher_.]
[Footnote a: Wednesday (A Day of Rest) was apparently spent with the
disciples in retirement in Bethany. Thursday was spent wholly with the
disciples till the arrest in Gethsemane after midnight.]
Sect. 144. JESUS PARTAKES OF THE PASCHAL MEAL WITH THE TWELVE APOSTLES
AND REBUKES THEIR JEALOUSY
Jerusalem, Thursday evening after sunset (beginning of Jewish Friday)
Mark 14:17 |Matt. 26:20 |Luke 22:14-16, 24-30
| |
17 And when it was |20 Now when even was |14 And when the hour
evening he cometh | come, he was sitting| was come, he sat
with the twelve. | at meat with the | down, and the
| twelve [1]disciples;| apostles with him.
| |15 And he said unto
| | them, With desire
I have desired to eat this passover[a] with you before I suffer:
16 for I say unto you, I will not eat it, until it be fulfilled in
the kingdom of God.
24 And there arose also a contention among them, which of them is
25 accounted to be [2]greatest. And he said unto them, The kings of
the Gentiles have lordship over them; and they that have authority
26 over them are called Benefactors. But ye _shall_ not _be_ so: but
he that is the greater among you, let him become as the younger;
27 and he that is chief, as he that doth serve. For whether is
greater, he that [3]sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he
that [3]sitteth at meat? but I am in the midst of you as he that
28 serveth. But ye are they which have continued with me in my
29 temptations; and [4]I appoint unto you a kingdom, even as my
30 Father appointed unto me, that ye may eat and drink at my table in
my kingdom; and ye shall sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes
of Israel.
[Footnote 1: Many authorities, some ancient, omit _disciples_.]
[Footnote 2: Gr. _greater_.]
[Footnote 3: Gr. _reclineth_.]
[Footnote 4: Or, _I appoint unto you, even as my Father appointed
unto me a kingdom, that ye may eat and drink etc._]
[Footnote a: Some regard certain expressions in the Gospel of John as
showing that Jesus did not eat the Paschal meal, thus hopelessly
contradicting the other Gospels. But no one of John's expressions shows
what is supposed, and one of them really indicates the contrary. See note
at end of volume. Matthew, Mark, and Luke clearly show that he did eat
the regular Passover meal.]
Sect. 145. DURING THE PASCHAL MEAL, JESUS WASHES THE FEET OF HIS
DISCIPLES
Evening before the Crucifixion (our Thursday, Jewish Friday)
John 13:1-20
1 Now before[a] the feast of the passover, Jesus knowing that his
hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the
Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved
2 them [1]unto the end. And during supper, the devil having already
put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's _son_, to betray
3 him, _Jesus_, knowing that the Father had given all things into
his hands, and that he came forth from God, and goeth unto God,
4 riseth from supper, and layeth aside his garments; and he took a
5 towel, and girded himself. Then he poureth water into the bason,
and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the
6 towel wherewith he was girded. So he cometh to Simon Peter. He
7 saith unto him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet? Jesus answered and
said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt
8 understand hereafter. Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash
my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part
9 with me. Simon Peter saith unto him, Lord, not my feet only, but
10 also my hands and my head. Jesus saith to him, He that is bathed
needeth not [2]save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and
11 ye are clean, but not all. For he knew him that should betray him;
therefore said he, Ye are not all clean.
12 So when he had washed their feet, and taken his garments, and
[3]sat down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to
13 you? Ye call me, [4]Master, and, Lord: and ye say well; for so I
14 am. If I then, the Lord and the [4]Master, have washed your feet,
15 ye also ought to wash one another's feet. For I have given you an
16 example, that ye also should do as I have done to you. Verily,
verily, I say unto you, A [5]servant is not greater than his lord;
17 neither [6]one that is sent greater than he that sent him. If ye
18 know these things, blessed are ye if ye do them. I speak not of
you all: I know whom I [7]have chosen: but that the scripture may
be fulfilled, He that eateth [8]my bread lifted up his heel
19 against me [_see Ps. 41:9_]. From henceforth I tell you before it
come to pass, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that
20 [9]I am _he_. Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that receiveth
whomsoever I send receiveth me; and he that receiveth me receiveth
him that sent me.
[Footnote 1: Or, _to the uttermost_.]
[Footnote 2: Some ancient authorities omit _save_, and _his
feet_.]
[Footnote 3: Gr. _reclined_.]
[Footnote 4: Or, _Teacher_.]
[Footnote 5: Gr. _bondservant_.]
[Footnote 6: Gr. _an apostle_.]
[Footnote 7: Or, _chose_.]
[Footnote 8: Many ancient authorities read _his bread with me_.]
[Footnote 9: Or, _I am_.]
[Footnote a: It is needlessly inferred that John by this expression means
that it was a full day before the passover meal. In fact, the words in
verse 2 "during supper" rather imply that "before passover" was just
before the meal began.]
Sect. 146. AT THE PASCHAL MEAL JESUS POINTS OUT JUDAS AS THE BETRAYER
Thursday evening (Jewish Friday)
Mark 14:18-21 |Matt. 26:21-25 |Luke 22:21-23 |John 13:21-30
| | |
18 And as they| |21 But behold,|21 When Jesus had
[2]sat and |21 and as they | the hand of | thus said, he
were eating, | were eating, | him that | was troubled in
Jesus said, | he said, | betrayeth me | the spirit, and
Verily I say | Verily I say | is with me on| testified, and
unto you, One| unto you, | the table. | said, Verily,
of you shall | that one of |22 For the Son | verily, I say
betray me, | you shall | of man indeed| unto you, that
_even_ he | betray me. | goeth, as it | one of you
that eateth | | hath been | shall betray
with me [_see| | determined: | me.
Ps. 41:9_]. | | but woe unto |
| | that man |
| | through whom |
| | he is |
|22 And they were|23 betrayed! And|22 The
19 They began to| exceeding | they began to| disciples
be sorrowful,| sorrowful, | question | looked one on
and to say | and began to | among | another,
unto him one | say unto him | themselves, | doubting of
by one, Is it| every one, Is| which of them| whom he spake.
I? | it I, Lord? | it was that |
20 And he |23 And he | should do |
said unto | answered and | this thing. |
them, _It is_| said, He that| |
one of the | dipped his | |
twelve, he | hand with me | |
that dippeth | in the dish, | |
with me in | the same | |
21 the dish. For| shall betray | |
the Son of |24 me. The Son | |
man goeth, | of man goeth,| |
even as it is| even as it is| |
written of | written of | |
him: but woe | him: but woe | |
unto that man| unto that man| |
through whom | through whom | |
the Son of | the Son of | |
man is | man is | |
betrayed! | betrayed! | |
good were it | good were it | |
[1]for that | [1]for that | |
man if he had| man if he had| |
not been | not been | |
born. | born. | |23 There was at the
| | | table reclining
| | in Jesus' bosom one of his
| | disciples, whom Jesus loved.
| |24 Simon Peter therefore beckoneth
| | to him, and saith unto him, Tell
| | _us_ who it is of whom he
| |25 speaketh. He leaning back, as he
| | was, on Jesus' breast saith unto
| |26 him, Lord, who is it? Jesus
| | therefore answereth, He it is,
| | for whom I shall dip the sop, and
| | give it him. So when he had
| | dipped the sop, he taketh and
| | giveth it to Judas, _the son_ of
| | Simon Iscariot.
|25 And Judas, |
| which |
| betrayed him,|
| answered and |
| said, Is it |
| I, Rabbi? He |
| saith unto |
| him, Thou |
| hast said. |
| |27 And after the
sop, then entered Satan into him. Jesus therefore saith unto him,
28 That thou doest, do quickly. Now no man at the table knew for what
29 intent he spake this unto him. For some thought, because Judas
had the [3]bag, that Jesus said unto him, Buy what things we have
need of for the feast; or, that he should give something to the
30 poor. He then having received the sop went out straightway: and it
was night.
[Footnote 1: Gr. _for him if that man_.]
[Footnote 2: Gr. _reclined_.]
[Footnote 3: Or, _box_.]
Sect. 147. AFTER THE DEPARTURE OF JUDAS JESUS WARNS THE DISCIPLES (PETER
IN PARTICULAR) AGAINST DESERTION, WHILE ALL PROTEST THEIR LOYALTY
Mark 14:27-31 |Matt. 26:31-35 |Luke 22:31-38 |John 13:31-38
| | |
| | |31 When therefore
he was gone out, Jesus saith, Now [1]is the Son of man glorified,
32 and God [1]is glorified in him; and God shall glorify him in
33 himself, and straightway shall he glorify him. Little children,
yet a little while I am with you. Ye shall seek me: and as I said
34 unto the Jews, Whither I go, ye cannot come; so now I say unto
you, A new commandment I give unto you, that ye love one another;
35 [2]even as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. By
| | | this shall all
| | | men know that
| | | ye are my
| | | disciples, if
| | | ye have love
| | | one to another.
27 And Jesus |31 Then saith |31 Simon, |36 Simon Peter
saith unto | Jesus unto | Simon, | saith unto him,
them, All ye | them, All ye | behold, Satan| Lord, whither
shall be | shall be | [4]asked to | goest thou?
[3]offended: | [3]offended | have you, | Jesus answered,
for it is | in me this | that he might| Whither I go,
written [_see| night: for it| sift you as | thou canst not
Zech. 13:7_],| is written, I|32 wheat: but I | follow me now;
I will smite | will smite | made | but thou shalt
the shepherd,| the shepherd,| supplication | follow
and the sheep| and the sheep| for thee, | afterwards.
shall be | of the flock | that thy |
scattered | shall be | faith fail |
abroad. | scattered | not: and do |
28 Howbeit, |32 abroad. But | thou, when |
after I am | after I am | once thou |
raised up, I | raised up, I | hast turned |
will go | will go | again, |
before you | before you | stablish thy |
into Galilee.| into Galilee.| brethren. |
29 But Peter |33 But Peter |33 And |37 Peter saith
said unto | answered and | he said unto | unto him, Lord,
him, Although| said unto | him, Lord, | why cannot I
all shall be | him, If all | with thee I | follow thee
[3]offended, | shall be | am ready to | even now? I
yet will not | [3]offended | go both to | will lay down
30 I. And Jesus | in thee, I | prison and to| my life for
saith unto | will never be|34 death. And he|38 thee. Jesus
him, Verily I| [3]offended. | said, I tell | answereth, Wilt
say unto |34 Jesus said | thee, Peter, | thou lay down
thee, that | unto him, | the cock | thy life for
thou to-day, | Verily I say | shall not | me? Verily,
_even_ this | unto thee, | crow this | verily, I say
night, before| that this | day, until | unto thee, The
the cock crow| night, before| thou shalt | cock shall not
twice, shalt | the cock | thrice deny | crow, till thou
deny me | crow, thou | that thou | hast denied me
31 thrice. But | shalt deny me| knowest me. | thrice.
he spake |35 thrice. Peter| |
exceeding | saith unto | |
vehemently, | him, Even if | |
If I must die| I must die | |
with thee, I | with thee, | |
will not deny| _yet_ will I | |
thee. And in | not deny | |
like manner | thee. | |
also said | Likewise also| |
they all. | said all the |
| disciples. |
| |35 And he said unto them, When I
| | sent you forth without purse,
| | and wallet, and shoes, lacked ye
| | any thing? And they said,
| |36 Nothing. And he said unto them,
| | But now, he that hath a purse,
| | let him take it, and likewise a
| | wallet: [5]and he that hath
| | none, let him sell his cloke,
| |37 and buy a sword. For I say unto
| | you, that this which is written
| | must be fulfilled in me [_see
| | Isa. 53:12_], And he was
| | reckoned with transgressors: for
| | that which concerneth me hath
| |38 [6]fulfilment. And they said,
| | Lord, behold, here are two
| | swords. And he said unto them,
| | It is enough.
[Footnote 1: Or, _was_.]
[Footnote 2: Or, _even as I loved you, that ye also may love one
another_.]
[Footnote 3: Gr. _caused to stumble_.]
[Footnote 4: Or, _obtained you by asking_.]
[Footnote 5: Or, _and he that hath no sword, let him sell his
cloke, and buy one_.]
[Footnote 6: Gr. _end_.]
Sect. 148. JESUS INSTITUTES THE MEMORIAL OF EATING BREAD AND DRINKING
WINE
Jerusalem. Evening before the Crucifixion
Mark 14:22-25 |Matt. 26:26-29 |Luke[a] 22:17-20|1 Cor.[b] 11:23-26
| | |
| |17 And he |
| | received a |
| | cup, and when|
| | he had given |
| | thanks, he |
| | said, Take |
| | this, and |
| | divide it |
| | among |
| | yourselves: |
| |18 for I say |
| | unto you, I |
| | will not |
| | drink from |
| | henceforth of|
| | the fruit of |
| | the vine, |
| | until the |
| | kingdom of |
| | God shall |
| | come. |
22 And as they|26 And as they| |23 For I received
were eating, | were eating, |19 And he took| of the Lord
he took | Jesus took | [1]bread, and| that which also
[1]bread, and| [1]bread, and| when he had | I delivered
when he had | blessed, and | given thanks,| unto you, how
blessed, he | brake it; and| he brake it, | that the Lord
brake it, and| he gave to | and gave to | Jesus in the
gave to them,| the | them, saying,| night in which
and said, | disciples, | This is my | he was betrayed
Take ye: this| and said, | body [5]which|24 took bread; and
is my body. | Take, eat; | is given for | when he had
| this is my | you: this do | given thanks,
23 And he took a|27 body. And he | in | he brake it,
cup, and when| took [2]a | remembrance | and said, This
he had given | cup, and gave|20 of me. And | is my body,
thanks, he | thanks, and | the cup in | which [7]is for
gave to them:| gave to them,| like manner | you: this do in
and they all | saying, Drink| after supper,| remembrance of
drank of it. | ye all of it;| saying, |25 me. In like
24 And he said | | | manner also the
unto them, | | | cup, after
This is my |28 for this is | This | supper, saying,
blood of | my blood of | cup is |
[3]the | [3]the | the new | This cup is the
[4]covenant, | [4]covenant, | [6]covenant | new [6]covenant
which is shed| which is shed| in my blood, | in my blood:
for many | for many unto| _even_ that | this do, as oft
[_see Ex. | remission of | which is | as ye drink
24:8; Lev. | sins. | poured out | _it_, in
4:18-20; Jer.| | for you. | remembrance of
31:31; Zech. | | |26 me. For as
9:11_]. |29 But I | | often as ye eat
25 Verily I say | say unto you,| | this bread, and
unto you, I | I will not | | drink the cup,
will no more | drink | | ye proclaim the
drink of the | henceforth of| | Lord's death
fruit of the | this fruit of| | till he come.
vine, until | the vine, | |
that day when| until that | |
I drink it | day when I | |
new in the | drink it new | |
kingdom of | with you in | |
God. | my Father's | |
| kingdom. | |
[Footnote 1: Or, _a loaf_.]
[Footnote 2: Some ancient authorities read _the cup_.]
[Footnote 3: Or, _the testament_.]
[Footnote 4: Many ancient authorities insert _new_.]
[Footnote 5: Some ancient authorities omit _which is given for you
... which is poured out for you._]
[Footnote 6: Or, _testament_.]
[Footnote 7: Many ancient authorities read _is broken for you_.]
[Footnote a: Luke here (see Sect. 144) departs from the order of Mark
(and Matthew) and mentions the institution of the supper earlier in the
evening. It seems best to follow the chronology of Mark, who places it
after the departure of Judas.]
[Footnote b: These are two parallel reports of the institution of the
supper. Mark is followed by Matthew and 1 Corinthians (about A.D. 56) by
Luke (not earlier than A.D. 58).]
Sect. 149. THE FAREWELL DISCOURSE TO HIS DISCIPLES IN THE UPPER ROOM
Jerusalem
John 14[a]
1 Let not your heart be troubled: [1]ye believe in God, believe
2 also in me. In my Father's house are many [2]mansions; if it were
not so, I would have told you; for I go to prepare a place for you.
3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I come again, and will
receive you unto myself; that where I am, _there_ ye may be also.
4 [3]And whither I go, ye know the way. Thomas saith unto him, Lord,
5 we know not whither thou goest; how know we the way? Jesus saith
6 unto him, I am the way, and the truth, and the life: no one cometh
7 unto the Father, but [4]by me. If ye had known me, ye would have
known my Father also: from henceforth ye know him, and have seen
8 him. Philip saith unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it
9 sufficeth us. Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with
you, and dost thou not know me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath
10 seen the Father; how sayest thou, Shew us the Father? Believest
thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words
that I say unto you I speak not from myself: but the Father
11 abiding in me doeth his works. Believe me that I am in the Father,
and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake.
12 Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works
that I do shall he do also; and greater _works_ than these shall
13 he do; because I go unto the Father. And whatsoever ye shall ask
in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in
14 the Son. If ye shall ask [5]me anything in my name, that will I
15 do. If ye love me, ye will keep my commandments. And I will
16 [6]pray the Father, and he shall give you another [7]Comforter,
17 that he may be with you for ever, _even_ the Spirit of truth: whom
the world cannot receive; for it beholdeth him not, neither
knoweth him: ye know him; for he abideth with you, and shall be in
18 you. I will not leave you [8]desolate: I come unto you. Yet a
19 little while, and the world beholdeth me no more; but ye behold
20 me: because I live, [9]ye shall live also. In that day ye shall
21 know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you. He that
hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me:
and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love
22 him, and will manifest myself unto him. Judas (not Iscariot) saith
unto him, Lord, what is come to pass that thou wilt manifest
23 thyself unto us, and not unto the world? Jesus answered and
said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my word: and my
Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our
24 abode with him. He that loveth me not keepeth not my words: and
the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's who sent me.
25 These things have I spoken unto you, while _yet_ abiding with
26 you. But the [7]Comforter, _even_ the Holy Spirit, whom the Father
will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring to
27 your remembrance all that I said unto you. Peace I leave with you;
my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you.
28 Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be fearful. Ye
heard how I said to you, I go away, and I come unto you. If ye
loved me, ye would have rejoiced, because I go unto the Father:
29 for the Father is greater than I. And now I have told you before
30 it come to pass, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe. I
will no more speak much with you, for the prince of the world
31 cometh: and he hath nothing in me; but that the world may know
that I love the Father, and as the Father gave me commandment,
even so I do. Arise, let us go hence.[b]
[Footnote 1: Or, _believe in God_.]
[Footnote 2: Or, _abiding-places_.]
[Footnote 3: Many ancient authorities read _And whither I go ye
know, and the way ye know._]
[Footnote 4: Or, _through_.]
[Footnote 5: Many ancient authorities omit _me_.]
[Footnote 6: Gr. _make request of_.]
[Footnote 7: Or, _Advocate_. Or, _Helper_. Gr. _Paraclete_.]
[Footnote 8: Or, _orphans_.]
[Footnote 9: Or, _and ye shall live_.]
[Footnote a: Chapters 13 to 17 in John really belong together. There is
first the effort of Jesus to stop the bickerings of the Twelve, then his
warning and their reply. Jesus continues to address them with repeated
interruption (dialogue), but finally they fear to ask him further
(monologue). The discourse concludes with the wonderful prayer (the real
Lord's Prayer) in chapter 17.]
[Footnote b: Apparently they leave the Upper Room.]
Sect. 150. THE DISCOURSE ON THE WAY TO GETHSEMANE
Possibly on the Street
John 15 and 16[a]
1 I am the true vine, and my Father is the husbandman. Every branch
2 in me that beareth not fruit, he taketh it away: and every
_branch_ that beareth fruit, he cleanseth it, that it may bear
3 more fruit. Already ye are clean because of the word which I have
4 spoken unto you. Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot
bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine; so neither can
5 ye, except ye abide in me. I am the vine, ye are the branches: He
that abideth in me, and I in him, the same beareth much fruit: for
6 apart from me ye can do nothing. If a man abide not in me, he is
cast forth as a branch, and is withered; and they gather them, and
7 cast them into the fire, and they are burned. If ye abide in me,
and my words abide in you, ask whatsoever ye will, and it shall be
8 done unto you. Herein [1]is my Father glorified, [2]that ye bear
9 much fruit; and _so_ shall ye be my disciples. Even as the Father
10 hath loved me, I also have loved you: abide ye in my love. If ye
keep my commandments, ye shall abide in my love; even as I have
11 kept my Father's commandments, and abide in his love. These things
have I spoken unto you, that my joy may be in you, and _that_ your
12 joy may be fulfilled. This is my commandment, that ye love one
13 another, even as I have loved you. Greater love hath no man than
14 this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. Ye are my
15 friends, if ye do the things which I command you. No longer do I
call you [3]servants; for the [4]servant knoweth not what his lord
doeth: but I have called you friends; for all things that I heard
16 from my Father I have made known unto you. Ye did not choose me,
but I chose you, and appointed you, that ye should go and bear
fruit, and _that_ your fruit should abide: that whatsoever ye
17 shall ask of the Father in my name, he may give it you. These
18 things I command you, that ye may love one another. If the world
hateth you, [5]ye know that it hath hated me before _it hated_
19 you. If ye were of the world, the world would love its own: but
because ye are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world,
20 therefore the world hateth you. Remember the word that I said unto
you, A [4]servant is not greater than his lord. If they persecuted
me, they will also persecute you; if they keep my word, they will
21 keep yours also. But all these things will they do unto you for my
22 name's sake, because they know not him that sent me. If I had not
come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have
23 no excuse for their sin. He that hateth me hateth my Father also.
24 If I had not done among them the works which none other did, they
had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and
25 my Father. But _this cometh to pass_, that the word may be
fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a
26 cause [_see Ps. 35:19; 69:4_]. But when the [6]Comforter is come,
whom I will send unto you from the Father, _even_ the Spirit of
truth, which [7]proceedeth from the Father, he shall bear witness
27 of me: [8]and ye also bear witness, because ye have been with me
from the beginning.
1 These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be made
2 to stumble. They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the hour
cometh, that whosoever killeth you shall think that he offereth
3 service unto God. And these things will they do, because they have
4 not known the Father, nor me. But these things have I spoken unto
you, that when their hour is come, ye may remember them, how that
I told you. And these things I said not unto you from the
5 beginning, because I was with you. But now I go unto him that sent
6 me; and none of you asketh me, Whither goest thou? But because I
have spoken these things unto you, sorrow hath filled your heart.
7 Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I
go away: for if I go not away, the [6]Comforter will not come unto
8 you; but if I go, I will send him unto you. And he, when he is
come, will convict the world in respect of sin, and of
9 righteousness, and of judgement: of sin, because they believe not
10 on me; of righteousness, because I go to the Father, and ye behold
11 me no more; of judgement, because the prince of this world hath
12 been judged. I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot
13 bear them now. Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he
shall guide you into all the truth: for he shall not speak from
himself; but what things soever he shall hear, _these_ shall he
speak: and he shall declare unto you the things that are to come.
14 He shall glorify me: for he shall take of mine, and shall declare
15 _it_ unto you. All things whatsoever the Father hath are mine:
therefore said I, that he taketh of mine, and shall declare _it_
16 unto you. A little while, and ye behold me no more; and again a
17 little while, and ye shall see me. _Some_ of his disciples
therefore said one to another, What is this that he saith unto us,
A little while, and ye behold me not; and again a little while,
18 and ye shall see me: and, Because I go to the Father? They said
therefore, What is this that he saith, A little while? We know not
19 what he saith. Jesus perceived that they were desirous to ask him,
and he said unto them, Do ye inquire among yourselves concerning
this, that I said, A little while, and ye behold me not, and again
20 a little while, and ye shall see me? Verily, verily, I say unto
you, that ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice:
21 ye shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy. A
woman when she is in travail hath sorrow, because her hour is come:
but when she is delivered of the child, she remembereth no more
22 the anguish, for the joy that a man is born into the world. And ye
therefore now have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your
heart shall rejoice, and your joy no one taketh away from you
23 [_see Isa. 66:14_]. And in that day ye shall [9]ask me nothing.
Verily, verily, I say unto you, If ye shall ask anything of the
24 Father, he will give it you in my name. Hitherto have ye asked
nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be
fulfilled.
25 These things have I spoken unto you in [10]proverbs: the hour
cometh, when I shall no more speak unto you in [10]proverbs, but
26 shall tell you plainly of the Father. In that day ye shall ask in
my name: and I say not unto you, that I will [11]pray the Father
27 for you; for the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved
28 me, and have believed that I came forth from the Father. I came
out from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave
29 the world, and go unto the Father. His disciples say, Lo, now
30 speakest thou plainly, and speakest no [12]proverb. Now know we
that thou knowest all things, and needest not that any man should
ask thee: by this we believe that thou camest forth from God.
31 Jesus answered them, Do ye now believe? Behold, the hour cometh,
32 yea, is come, that ye shall be scattered, every man to his own,
and shall leave me alone: and _yet_ I am not alone, because the
33 Father is with me. These things have I spoken unto you, that in me
ye may have peace. In the world ye have tribulation: but be of
good cheer; I have overcome the world.
[Footnote 1: Or, _was_.]
[Footnote 2: Many ancient authorities read _that ye bear much
fruit, and be my disciples_.]
[Footnote 3: Gr. _bondservants_.]
[Footnote 4: Gr. _bondservant_.]
[Footnote 5: Or, _know ye_.]
[Footnote 6: Or, _Advocate_. Or, _Helper_. Gr. _Paraclete_.]
[Footnote 7: Or, _goeth forth from_.]
[Footnote 8: Or, _and bear ye also witness_.]
[Footnote 9: Or, _ask me no question_.]
[Footnote 10: Or, _parables_.]
[Footnote 11: Gr. _make request of_.]
[Footnote 12: Or, _parable_.]
[Footnote a: Chapters 14-17 are called the Heart of Christ. Nowhere does
the Master lay bare his very soul more completely than here in chapters
15 and 16, with the allegory of the Vine and the teaching concerning the
Holy Spirit.]
Sect. 151. CHRIST'S INTERCESSORY PRAYER
Possibly near Gethsemane
John 17
1 These things spake Jesus; and lifting up his eyes to heaven, he
said, Father, the hour is come; glorify thy Son, that the Son may
2 glorify thee: even as thou gavest him authority over all flesh,
that whatsoever thou hast given him, to them he should give
3 eternal life. And this is life eternal, that they should know thee
the only true God, and him whom thou didst send, _even_ Jesus
4 Christ. I glorified thee on the earth, having accomplished the
5 work which thou hast given me to do. And now, O Father, glorify
thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee
6 before the world was. I manifested thy name unto the men whom thou
gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them
7 to me; and they have kept thy word. Now they know that all things
8 whatsoever thou hast given me are from thee: for the words which
thou gavest me I have given unto them; and they received _them_,
and knew of a truth that I came forth from thee, and they believed
9 that thou didst send me. I [1]pray for them: I [1]pray not for the
world, but for those whom thou hast given me; for they are thine:
10 and all things that are mine are thine, and thine are mine: and I
11 am glorified in them. And I am no more in the world, and these are
in the world, and I come to thee. Holy Father, keep them in thy
name which thou hast given me, that they may be one, even as we
12 _are_. While I was with them, I kept them in thy name which thou
hast given me: and I guarded them, and not one of them perished,
but the son of perdition; that the scripture might be fulfilled
13 [_see Ps. 41:9_]. But now I come to thee; and these things I speak
14 in the world, that they may have my joy fulfilled in themselves. I
have given them thy word; and the world hated them, because they
15 are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. I [1]pray not
that thou shouldest take them [2]from the world, but that thou
16 shouldest keep them [2]from [3]the evil _one_. They are not of the
17 world, even as I am not of the world. [4]Sanctify them in the
18 truth: thy word is truth. As thou didst send me into the world,
19 even so sent I them into the world. And for their sakes I
[4]sanctify myself, that they themselves also may be sanctified in
20 truth. Neither for these only do I [1]pray, but for them also that
21 believe on me through their word; that they may all be one; even
as thou, Father, _art_ in me, and I in thee, that they also may be
22 in us: that the world may believe that thou didst send me. And the
glory which thou hast given me I have given unto them; that they
23 may be one, even as we _are_ one; I in them, and thou in me, that
they may be perfected into one; that the world may know that thou
24 didst send me, and lovedst them, even as thou lovedst me. Father,
[5]that which thou hast given me, I will that, where I am, they
also may be with me; that they may behold my glory, which thou
hast given me: for thou lovedst me before the foundation of the
25 world. O righteous Father, the world knew thee not, but I knew
26 thee; and these knew that thou didst send me; and I made known
unto them thy name, and will make it known; that the love
wherewith thou lovedst me may be in them, and I in them.
[Footnote 1: Gr. _make request_.]
[Footnote 2: Gr. _out of_.]
[Footnote 3: Or, _evil_.]
[Footnote 4: Or, _Consecrate_.]
[Footnote 5: Many ancient authorities read _those whom_.]
Sect. 152. GOING FORTH TO GETHSEMANE, JESUS SUFFERS LONG IN AGONY
IN AN OPEN GARDEN, BETWEEN THE BROOK KEDRON AND THE FOOT OF THE MOUNT OF
OLIVES
Late in the night introducing Friday
Mark 14:26, 32-42|Matt. 26:30, |Luke 22:39-46 |John 18:1
| 36-46 | |
26[a] And when |30 And when |39 And he came | 1 When Jesus
they had sung | they had sung | out, and went,| had spoken
a hymn, they | a hymn, they | as his custom | these words,
went out unto | went out unto | was, unto the | he went
the mount of | the mount of | mount of | forth with
Olives. | Olives. | Olives; and | his
| | the disciples | disciples
32 And they |36 Then cometh | also followed | over the
come unto [1]a| Jesus with |40 him. And when | [4]brook
place which | them unto [1]a| he was at the | [5]Kidron,
was named | place called | place, he said| where was a
Gethsemane: | Gethsemane, | unto them, | garden, into
and he saith | and saith unto| | the which he
unto his | his disciples,| | entered,
disciples, Sit| Sit ye here, | | himself and
ye here, while| while I go | | his
33 I pray. And he| yonder and | | disciples.
taketh with |37 pray. And he | |
him Peter and | took with him | |
James and | Peter and the | |
John, and | two sons of | |
began to be | Zebedee, and | |
greatly | began to be | |
amazed, and | sorrowful and | |
sore troubled.| sore troubled.| |
34 And he saith |38 Then saith he | |
unto them, My | unto them, My | Pray that ye |
soul is | soul is | enter not into|
exceeding | exceeding | temptation. |
sorrowful even| sorrowful, | |
unto death | even unto | |
[_see Ps. | death: abide | |
42:6_]: abide | ye here, and | |
ye here, and | watch with me.| |
35 watch. And he |39 And he went |41 And he was |
went forward a| forward a | parted from |
little, and | little, and | them about a |
fell on the | fell on his | stone's cast; |
ground, and | face, and | and he kneeled|
prayed that, | prayed, | down and |
if it were | | prayed, |
possible, the | | saying, |
hour might | | |
pass away from| | |
36 him. And he | | |
said, Abba, | saying, O my | |
Father, all | Father, if it |42 Father, if |
things are | be possible, | thou be |
possible unto | let this cup | willing, |
thee; remove | pass away from| remove this |
this cup from | me: | cup from me: |
me: howbeit | nevertheless, | nevertheless |
not what I | not as I will,| not my will, |
will, but what| but as thou | but thine, be |
thou wilt. | wilt. |43 done. [3]And there appeared
| | unto him an angel from heaven,
| |44 strengthening him. And being
| | in an agony he prayed more
| | earnestly: and his sweat
| | became as it were great drops
| | of blood falling down upon the
| |45 ground. And when he rose up
| | from his prayer, he came unto
37 And he cometh,|40 And he cometh | the disciples, and found them
and findeth | unto the |46 sleeping for sorrow, and said
them sleeping,| disciples, and| unto them, Why sleep ye? rise
and saith unto| findeth them | and pray, that ye enter not
Peter, Simon, | sleeping, and | into temptation.
sleepest thou?| saith unto |
couldest thou | Peter, What, |
not watch one | could ye not watch with me|
38 hour? [2]Watch|41 one hour? [2]Watch and |
and pray, that ye | pray, that ye enter |
enter not into | not into temptation:|
temptation: the | the spirit indeed is|
spirit indeed is | willing, but the |
willing, but the |42 flesh is weak. Again|
39 flesh is weak. And | a second time he |
again he went away, | went away, and |
and prayed, saying | prayed, saying, O my|
the same words. | Father, if this |
| cannot pass away, |
| except I drink it, |
| thy will be done. |
40 And again he came, |43 And he came again |
and found them | and found them |
sleeping, for their | sleeping, for their |
eyes were very |44 eyes were heavy. And|
heavy; and they wist| he left them again, |
not what to answer | and went away, and |
him. | prayed a third time,|
| saying again the |
| same words. |
41 And he cometh the |45 Then |
third time, and | cometh he to the |
saith unto them, | disciples, and saith|
Sleep on now, and | unto them, Sleep on |
take your rest: it | now, and take your |
is enough; the hour | rest: behold, the |
is come; behold, the| hour is at hand, and|
Son of man is | the Son of man is |
betrayed into the | betrayed unto the |
hands of sinners. | hands of sinners. |
42 Arise, let us be |46 Arise, let us be |
going: behold, he | going: behold, he is|
that betrayeth me is| at hand that |
at hand. | betrayeth me. |
[Footnote 1: Gr. _an enclosed piece of ground_.]
[Footnote 2: Or, _Watch ye, and pray that ye enter not_.]
[Footnote 3: Many ancient authorities omit verses 43, 44.]
[Footnote 4: Or, _ravine_. Gr. _winter-torrent_.]
[Footnote 5: Or, _of the Cedars_.]
[Footnote a: The Synoptic Gospels do not give the great discourse of
Jesus in John 14 to 17. Hence they represent Jesus as going forth to
Gethsemane after the institution of the supper (Sect. 148). The time was
probably not long and they apparently sang the hymn (probably one of the
Psalms) as they rose to leave the Upper Room (John 14:31). Hence the
passage in John 15 to 17 comes in between singing the hymn and reaching
Gethsemane.]