_Note._--Used before 1702.
[CAMDEN. _Britain._ London, 1637.]
[Illustration]
_Crest._--Out of a ducal coronet or, a griffin's head arg., gorged gu.,
between 2 wings expanded of the second. _Spencer._
Charles Spencer (born c. 1674, died 19th April 1722) was the
son of Robert Spencer, second Earl of Sunderland, and succeeded
his father in 1702. He was from an early age a great lover and
collector of books, which he kept at Althorp.
In 1695 he was Member of Parliament for Tiverton; in 1706 he
was a Secretary of State for the Southern Department, and
became of much political importance as a Whig leader. He was
appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1714.
In 1715 Lord Sunderland was made Lord Privy Seal, and shortly
afterwards Vice-Treasurer of Ireland. He also held the posts of
Groom of the Stole and Gentleman of the Bedchamber to George I.
Lord Sunderland was a great book collector, and a rival in
this respect to most of his contemporaries. He was a great
gambler, and his library was at one time pledged to the Duke
of Marlborough, and in 1749 it was removed to Blenheim. The
library was sold in 1881, and the books belonging to it were
widely dispersed.
Lord Sunderland's son Charles, who in 1729 became fifth
earl, on the demise of his aunt Henrietta, by special Act
of Parliament Duchess of Marlborough, in 1733 succeeded to
the Dukedom of the celebrated John Churchill. The Earldom of
Sunderland from that time has been merged in the Dukedom of
Marlborough.
[Illustration]
SPENCER, GEORGE JOHN, SECOND EARL SPENCER
_Arms._--Impaled.
Dexter: Quarterly, arg. and gu., on the 2nd and 3rd quarters a
fret or, over all on a bend sa., 3 escallops of the first.
_Spencer._
Sinister: Quarterly.
1st and 4th; az., a bend cotised between 6 crosses pattée or.
_Bingham._
2nd and 3rd; erm., a lion rampant ducally crowned or. _Smith._
_Crest._--Out of a ducal coronet or, a griffin's head arg., gorged with
a bar gemelle gu., between 2 wings expanded of the second.
_Coronet._--That of an Earl.
_Supporters._--Dexter: A griffin, per fess erm. and erminois, gorged
with a collar sa., the edges flory counterflory chained of the last (on
the collar 3 escallops arg.).
Sinister: A wyvern erect on his tail erm., collared and chained
as the griffin.
_Motto._--DIEU DEFEND LE DROIT.
[CICERO. _Tusculanae Disputationes._ Romae, 1469.]
George John Spencer (born 1st September 1758, died 10th
November 1834) was the son of John Spencer, Earl Spencer. In
1783 he succeeded his father in the family honours. He was
educated at Harrow and Cambridge. In 1780 George Spencer was
Member of Parliament for Northampton, and shortly afterwards
became a Commissioner of the Treasury Board. He was also Lord
Privy Seal and First Lord of the Admiralty. In 1806 he was made
Secretary of State for the Home Department.
In 1781 Lord Spencer married Lavinia Bingham, daughter of
Charles, Earl of Lucan, and in 1797 he was made a Knight of the
Garter. Lord Spencer made a magnificent collection of books
at Althorp Park, Northampton, and acquired several already
celebrated libraries, particularly those of Count Reviczky and
the Duke of Cassano-Serra. Several of Lord Spencer's books were
bound for him by Charles Kalthoeber, a celebrated binder who
worked also for George III., and closely imitated the work of
Roger Payne, whose own work is also excellently represented in
the library.
In 1892 the Althorp Library was purchased by Mrs. Rylands of
Longford Hall, Manchester, and subsequently presented by her
to the city of Manchester in memory of her husband, Mr. John
Rylands.
[Illustration]
STANLEY, THOMAS
_Crest._--An eagle's head couped arg., charged with 3 pellets, one
and two, holding in his beak an eagle's leg erased a la cuise, gu.
_Stanley._
[FIORAVANTI. _Della Fisica._ Venetiis, 1582.]
Thomas Stanley (born circ. 1625, died circ. 1678) was the
son of Sir Thomas Stanley of Cumberlow, Hertfordshire. He
was educated at Cambridge, and occupied himself in literary
pursuits from an early age.
Mr. Stanley wrote a number of poetical works, and also made
several translations from Greek and Latin authors. In 1655 he
published a _History of Philosophy_ which during his lifetime
enjoyed a great reputation. His edition of _Æschylus_ was also
very successful. Several of his manuscripts are now kept in the
University Library at Cambridge.
[Illustration]
STUART, CHARLES, BARON STUART DE ROTHESAY
_Arms._--Or, a fess chequy az. and arg., within a double tressure flory
counterflory gu. _Stuart._
_Crest._--A demi lion rampant gu., and over it the motto NOBILIS (est)
IRA (leonis).
_Motto._--AVITO VIRET HONORE. Used before 1812.
[SEVERIM. _Noticias de Portugal._ Lisboa, 1740.]
[Illustration]
_Variety._
_Arms._--Or, a fess chequy az. and arg., within a double tressure flory
counterflory gu. A mullet for difference. _Stuart._
Within the collar of a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath,
having the badge of the order dependent therefrom. Used after 1812.
[PEREZ DEL PULGAR. _Coronica llamada Las dos
Conquistas del Regno de Napoles._ Cargoça, 1559.]
Charles Stuart (born 2nd January 1779, died 6th November
1845) was the son of General Sir Charles Stuart, K.C.B., son
of the Earl of Bute. Mr. Stuart had an important diplomatic
career, and filled several high posts. He was Chargé d'affaires
at Madrid, Envoy to Portugal, Minister at the Hague, and
Ambassador to Paris.
In 1812 he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the
Bath, and in 1828 he was created Baron Stuart de Rothesay, a
high honour, as the Barony of Rothesay is one of the hereditary
honours of the Prince of Wales. Lord Stuart was afterwards
Ambassador to St. Petersburg. He brought over from France the
beautiful castle of Highcliffe, Hants, where the German Emperor
recently stayed. He left no male heir, so his peerage became
extinct at his death.
[Illustration]
SUTTON, THOMAS
_Arms._--On a chevron between 3 annulets gu., as many crescents of the
field. _Sutton._
_Crest._--A greyhound's head couped erm., collared gu., garnished and
ringed or, on the collar an annulet of the first.
_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.
_Legend._--THOS · SUTTON · ARM · FUNDATOR.
_Note._--The word FUNDATOR applies to Charterhouse School.
[CÆSAR. _C. Julii Cæsaris quæ extant._ Lugduni
Batavorum, 1635.]
Thomas Sutton (born circ. 1532, died 12th December 1611) was
the son of Richard Sutton, Steward of the Courts of Lincoln. He
is said to have been educated at Eton, and afterwards studied
law at Lincoln's Inn. In early life Sutton was a soldier and
saw active service, and in 1569 he was appointed Master of the
Ordnance in the North.
While in the north Sutton acquired considerable possessions
in land, and from these he drew a large fortune. One of the
ships fitted out to resist the Spanish Armada was called the
"Sutton." Sutton was very generous with his money, and in 1611
he purchased Charterhouse in Middlesex, where he founded the
famous school of that name. The foundation of this school was
originally intended for the benefit of forty boys of good birth
and necessitous parents, but in time it came about that to be
a foundation scholar, or gown boy, was a mark of distinction.
Thackeray was a Charterhouse boy and was familiar with the
surroundings there. Besides the school, there was a foundation
or hospital at Charterhouse for "poverty-stricken gentlemen."
The school was moved to Godalming in 1872, but the "hospital"
still remains in Charterhouse Square. Sutton's tomb is in the
Chapel at the Charterhouse.
[Illustration]
SYDNEY, ROBERT, EARL OF LEICESTER
_Arms._--Quartered.
1. Arg., a pheon az. _Sydney._
2. Barry of 10, arg. and gu., a lion rampant ducally crowned
or. _Brandon._
3. Or, a lion rampant az. _Brabant._
4. Or, 2 lions passant az. _Dudley._
5. Barry of 6, arg. and az., in chief a label of the first.
_Grey._
6. Arg., a maunch sa. _Hastings._
7. Az., a wolf's head erased arg. _Lupus._
8. Barry of 10, arg. and az., an orle of ten martlets gu.
_Valence, Earl of Pembroke._
9. A lion rampant.?
10. Gu., 7 mascles conjoined or, three, three, and one.
_Ferrers of Groby._
11. Az., a lion rampant arg., within a bordure engrailed or.
_Tyrrell._
12. Gu., a fess between 6 crosses crosslet or. _Beauchamp._
13. Chequy, or and az., a chevron erm. _Warwick._
14. Gu., a lion statant arg., crowned or. _Lyle._
15. Arg., a chevron sa. _Trelawney._
16. Arg., a fess dancetty gu. _Dene._
On an escutcheon of pretence, being the arms of Barbara Gamage.
Quarterly.
1. Arg., a bend lozengy gu., on a chief az., 3 escallops arg.
_Gamage._
2. Vairy, arg. and gu. _Nowers._
3. Chequy, or and arg., a fess erm. _Calthrop._
4. Arg., 3 chevrons gu. _Langton._
[_Polydori Vergilii historiae_, libri vigintiseptem. Basileae,
1570.]
Robert Sydney (born November 1563, died 13th July 1626) was
the son of Sir Henry Sydney, K.G. He was educated at Oxford,
and in 1584 became Member of Parliament for Glamorganshire,
and afterwards for Kent. In 1586 he was knighted by the Earl
of Leicester, and in 1603 he was created Baron Sydney of
Penshurst, and two years afterwards Viscount L'Isle.
Lord L'Isle was made a Knight of the Garter in 1616, and in
1618 he was created Earl of Leicester. In 1584 he married
Barbara Gamage of Coity, daughter of John Gamage. She died in
1621, and Lord Leicester married for his second wife Sarah,
daughter of William Blount.
[Illustration]
SYKES, SIR MARK MASTERMAN, BARONET
_Arms._--Quarterly.
1st and 4th; arg., a chevron sa., between 3 sykes, or
fountains, ppr. _Sykes._
2nd and 3rd; gu., an estoile between 3 fleurs-de-lys arg.
_Masterman._
In the centre point the Ulster hand, gu. Above the shield are the
letters M[ark] M[asterman] S[ykes].
_Note._--Used after 1795.
[VALERIUS MAXIMUS. _Facta et Dicta Memorabilia_,
Mainz, 1471.]
Mark Sykes (born circ. 1771, died 16th February 1823) was the
son of Sir Christopher Sykes, Baronet, of Sledmere, Yorks. He
succeeded his father in the baronetcy in 1801. Mr. Sykes was
educated at Oxford, and in 1795 was High Sheriff of Yorkshire.
He represented York in Parliament for several years. He assumed
the additional name of Masterman in 1795, on the occasion
of his marriage to Henrietta, daughter and heiress of Henry
Masterman of Settrington, Yorks, but he left no heirs and was
succeeded by his brother Tatton.
Sir Mark Sykes possessed a magnificent library, rich in
classics and incunabula, and also a valuable collection of
antiquities and pictures. His collections were sold at his
death, and his books and other treasures are widely distributed.
[Illustration]
TASH, THOMAS
_Arms._--Per pale, or and gu., a chevron between 3 cinquefoils
counterchanged, on a chief per pale of the second and first (2)
escallops counterchanged. _Tash._
_Crest._--A greyhound courant or.
[TYMME. _A silver watch-bell._ Aberdene, 1627.]
[W. E. Axon, Esq. Deansgate. Manchester.]
Thomas Tash, of London, was one of the Commissioners of Custom
for England and Wales in 1752, but there appears to be no
more known about him. There ought to be another escallop on
the coat-of-arms illustrated, and according to the printed
authorities the crest of Tash should be a demi greyhound.
[Illustration]
TOPSFIELD
_Arms._--Gu., on a chevron erm., 3 martlets sa., in chief a mullet or.
_Topsfield._
_Crest._--A talbot couchant guardant in front of a tree, all ppr.
_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.
_Motto._--FAYTH FAILETH NOT.
[ENGLAND. _In this volume are conteined the statutes
made ... from the time of King Henry the thirde
unto ... Kyng Henry the VIII._ London, 1564.]
This stamp belonged to a member of the old family of Topsfield,
who owned the estate of Frisingfield, near Harleston in
Norfolk, but I have as yet not been able to find out which
particular member used it.
[Illustration]
TOWNELEY, RICHARD
_Arms._--Arg., a fess sa., in chief 3 mullets of the second.
_Towneley._
_Motto._--TENEZ LE VRAY.
_Date._--1603.
[_The Hystory writtone by Thucidides the Athenyan of the
warre which was betwene the Peloponesians and the
Athenyans._ London, 1550.]
The family of Towneley is one of ancient domicile in
Lancashire. The member of it to whom the accompanying
book-stamp probably belonged was Richard Towneley of Towneley
Hall near Burnley, who lived there from about 1580 till about
1640.
His son Christopher was a well-known antiquary, but the most
distinguished member of the family was Charles Towneley, who
lived in the eighteenth century. He made a very important
collection of ancient statuary and terra-cottas, which were
purchased for the British Museum in 1805, and a member of the
Towneley family is always represented on the Museum Board of
Trustees.
[Illustration]
TREVOR, MARCUS, VISCOUNT DUNGANNON
_Arms._--Per bend sinister erm. and erminois, a lion rampant or.
_Trevor._
[BEAULIEU. _Take heed of both extremes._ London, 1675.]
[Illustration]
_Crest._--A wyvern with wings addorsed, sa.
_Initials._--I. D.
[BEAULIEU. _Take heed of both extremes._ London, 1675.]
Marcus Trevor (born circ. 1620, died circ. 1683) belonged to
the family of Trevor of Brynkinalt in Denbighshire. He was a
strong Royalist, and took part in the struggle between Charles
I. and the Parliamentarians. After the Restoration Charles
II. made Colonel Trevor a peer, and in 1662 created him Baron
Trevor and Viscount Dungannon, both of which peerages became
extinct in 1706 on the death of his grandson Marcus. Lord
Dungannon married twice; his first wife was a daughter of Sir
Marmaduke Whitechurch, and his second wife was a daughter of
John Lewis.
[Illustration]
TREWARTHEN, FAMILY OF
_Arms._--Quarterly.
1. Arg., a boar passant gu. _Trewarthen._
2. Arg., a bend sa. _Blackborne._
3. Az., on a chevron between 3 estoiles or, as many lozenges
sa. _Butts._
4. Chequy, or and az., on a chief arg., gutty de sang.
_Coleshill._
_Crest._--A double plume of 5 ostrich feathers, arg.
[AUSTIN. _Devout Meditations._ London, 1635.]
The family of Trewarthen is an old one belonging to the county
of Cornwall, but to which particular member of the family this
stamp belonged I have been unable to decide at present.
[Illustration]
TUDOR ROSE
_Device._--A Tudor Rose arg. and gu., seeded or and leaved vert, within
a ribbon bearing the legend HEC ROSA VIRTUTIS DE CELO MISSA SERENO
ETERNŪ FLORENS REGIA SCEPTRA FERET.
_Supporters._--Two kneeling angels.
_Badges._--In the dexter corner a sun in glory and the shield of St.
George, arg., a cross gu.
In the sinister corner a half-moon with face, and the shield of the
City of London, arg., a cross gu.; in the first quarter a sword in pale
of the last, point upwards. In the sky stars.
_Initials._--I.N., _i.e._ Ihon Norins, with his trade device.
[CICERO. _Commentarii questionum Tusculanarum._ Parhisii,
1509.]
This stamp is generally found in combination with one or other
of the armorial stamps which I have figured and placed under
the heading of Henry VIII. No doubt there was some authority
given to use these Royal emblems, and although so far no
reliable account of such authority is forthcoming, it is likely
enough that members of the Stationers' Company may have been
granted the privilege. On all these bindings the coat-of-arms
of the City of London appears. On many of them are also
initials which are very often those of well-known contemporary
printers and binders. The original stamps were cut in latten, a
form of brass--copper and zinc--and impressed on the leather in
blind, that is without gold, the design showing in low relief.
The latten plates were probably attached to wooden blocks by
means of two or more metal pins, and in many instances, by
reason of irregular pressure, these pins, the tops of which
were engraved in continuation of the general design, have
been forced a little out of their normal level. The result is
that they show very clearly as indented marks. The pressure
necessary to make a good impression from one of these large
stamps is considerable; it may have been done by a slow
constant pressure or by quick pressure from hammer strokes, and
the leather was in any case softened by water. Bindings with
these stamps upon them were either of calf or sheep-skin.
[Illustration]
USHER, JAMES, ARCHBISHOP OF ARMAGH
_Arms._--Impaled.
Dexter: Az., an archiepiscopal staff, headed with a cross
pattée or, over all a pall arg., charged with 3 crosses
pattée fitchée sa. _See of Armagh._
Sinister: Az., a chevron erm., between 3 batons or. _Usher._
[USHER. _Britannicae Ecclesiae Antiquitates._ Dublin, 1639.]
James Usher (born 4th January 1580, died 21st March 1656) was
the son of Arnold Usher, Clerk of the Irish Court of Chancery.
He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and in 1601 he took
orders, and became a preacher of much note. In 1620 Dr. Usher
was made Bishop of Meath and Clonmacnoise, and in 1624 he was
consecrated Archbishop of Armagh.
Archbishop Usher wrote several very important theological
works, and he took part in all the controversies of his time.
He was a divine of much learning and a great scholar. His
extensive library is for the greater part in Trinity College,
Dublin, where it was sent as a gift by Charles II.
[Illustration]
UTTERSON, EDWARD VERNON
_Arms._--A Lymphad, with sail furled, on a sea in base ppr., at the
poop a flag flying towards the bow, arg., fimbriated vert, charged with
a pomme in fess; on a chief gu., 3 bezants, each charged with a mullet.
_Utterson._
[_The Hystory of the two valyaunte brethren Valentyne and
Orson_ ... translated from the French by H.
Watson. London, 1565.]
Edward Vernon Utterson (born circ. 1775, died 14th July 1856)
was the son of John Utterson of Fareham in Hampshire. He was
educated at Eton and Cambridge, and in 1802 was called to
the bar. He was all his life a great collector of books. Mr.
Utterson set up a private press at Ryde, in the Isle of Wight,
known as the Beldornie Press, and here he reprinted such of the
early English plays and poems as pleased him. He also edited a
number of reprints of important English books, some of which
are very handsomely produced.
[Illustration]
VICTORIA, QUEEN OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND,
DEFENDER OF THE FAITH, EMPRESS OF INDIA.
_Arms._--Within the Garter. Quarterly.
1st and 4th; England.
2nd; Scotland.
3rd; Ireland.
All coloured as used by James I. (q.v.) and ensigned by a Royal Crown.
_Supporters._--The lion and the unicorn, as used by James I. (q.v.).
_Motto._--DIEU ET MON DROIT.
[_Galerie Royale de Costumes._ Paris, 1042.]
The Princess Victoria (born 24th May 1819, died 22nd
January 1901) was the only child of Edward, Duke of Kent,
fourth son of George III., and Victoria Marie Louisa of
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield. On the death of William IV., 18th June
1837, the Princess Victoria succeeded to the throne of England.
Queen Victoria was crowned at Westminster on 20th June 1838,
and on the 1st January 1877 Her Majesty was proclaimed Empress
of India, at Delhi. On the 10th February 1840, Queen Victoria
married her cousin Albert, the youngest son of Ernest, Prince
of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
On the accession of Queen Victoria to the English throne,
the Kingdom of Hanover became separated from England, in
consequence of the operation of the Salic Law. The coat-of-arms
of the dominions in Germany was accordingly left out of the
Royal coat. The Duke of Cumberland, the Queen's uncle, became
King of Hanover, which country is now part of the German Empire.
[Illustration]
VINCENT, AUGUSTINE, WINDSOR HERALD
_Arms._--Arg., on a pile az., 3 quatrefoils of the first. _Vincent._
_Crest._--Out of an heraldic coronet a bear's head ppr.
_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.
_Supporter._--A bear collared and chained ppr.
_Legend._--VINCENTI AVGVSTA.
[CHASSENEUX. _Catalogus Gloriae Mundi._
Francofurti, 1603.]
Augustine Vincent (born circ. 1584, died 11th January 1625)
was the son of William Vincent. He showed antiquarian and
heraldic tastes at an early age, and in 1615 was made Rouge
Rose Pursuivant, and in 1624 Windsor Herald. Vincent collected
valuable material concerning heraldic and genealogical matter,
and his manuscripts are chiefly to be found either at the
College of Arms or the Bodleian Library at Oxford.
In Vincent's time it was the custom to carry out the heraldic
visitations by deputy. These visitations should have been made
by the Heralds in person, and in 1619 there was much trouble
about the matter, and strong complaints were made to the Earl
Marshal by both Garter and Norroy. The difficulty was brought
to a head by the appointment of Vincent, then Rouge Rose
Pursuivant, to carry out the visitations of Northamptonshire
and Rutlandshire as deputy for William Camden, Clarencieux
Herald.
[Illustration]
WALDEGRAVE, JAMES, SECOND EARL WALDEGRAVE
_Arms._--Per pale, arg. and gu. _Waldegrave._
_Supporters._--Two talbots sa., eared or, each gorged with a mural
crown, arg.
_Coronet._--That of an Earl.
[PREVOST D'EXILES. _Memoirs d'un Homme de Qualité._
Paris, 1732.]
James Waldegrave (born 4th March 1714, died 13th April 1763)
was the son of James, first Earl Waldegrave, and succeeded his
father in the Earldom in 1741. In 1752 Lord Waldegrave was
Governor and Keeper of the Privy Purse to George, Prince of
Wales. In 1757 he was made a Knight of the Garter and a Teller
of the Exchequer. Lord Waldegrave wrote a book of Historical
Memoirs from 1754 to 1757. He married a daughter of Sir Edward
Walpole but had no son, and at his death the family honours
devolved upon his brother John.
[Illustration]
WALKER, SIR EDWARD, KNIGHT
_Arms._--Quarterly.
1st and 4th; arg., on a cross of St. George gu., 5 leopards'
faces or. _Coat of Augmentation._
2nd and 3rd; arg., a chevron between 3 crescents sa., an
annulet for difference. _Walker._
_Supporter._--A greyhound, collared.
_Motto._--LOYAVTE MON HONNEVR.
[_Indentures of Military Service, Edw. III.-Hen. VII._
Stowe MS. 440.]
Edward Walker (born 24th January 1611, died 19th February
1676) was the son of Edward Walker of Roobers, Nether Stowey,
Somerset. He joined the College of Arms as an official, and in
1635 he was made Blanch Lion Pursuivant, filling successively
the positions of Rouge Croix Pursuivant and Chester Herald.
Walker took part with Charles I. in the war with the
Roundheads, and served as Secretary-at-War, and was at Naseby.
In 1644 he was created Norroy King-of-Arms, and in 1645 he
succeeded Sir Henry St. George as Garter. In the same year he
received the honour of Knighthood. In 1649 Sir Edward Walker
was made Clerk of the Council in Ordinary, but in 1650 he got
into trouble as a Royalist, and found refuge in Holland. After
some trouble he invested William, Prince of Orange, with the
Garter in 1653.
At the Restoration Walker superintended the arrangements for
the coronation, and his remaining years seem to have been spent
in quarrels with other members of the Heralds' College. Sir
Edward Walker wrote a considerable number of historical and
genealogical works, particularly an illustrated edition of
the coronation of Charles II. Many of his manuscripts are in
the British Museum, and others are at the Bodleian Library at
Oxford.
[Illustration]
WALPOLE, HORACE, FOURTH EARL OF OXFORD
_Arms._--Or, on a fess between 2 chevrons sa., 3 crosses crosslet of
the first, a mullet for difference. _Walpole._
_Crest._--The bust of a man in profile couped, ppr., ducally coroneted
or, and from the coronet, flowing forward, a long cap gu., tasselled
or, charged with a Catherine wheel of the last.
_Helmet._--That of an Esquire.
_Motto._--FARI QUÆ SENTIAT.
[WATTS. _Memoirs of the Revolution in Bengal._
London, 1764.]
Horace Walpole (born 5th October 1717, died 2nd March 1797)
was a younger son of Robert Walpole, Earl of Oxford, for many
years Prime Minister of England. He was educated at Eton and
Cambridge, and as a young man studied law. For a time Mr.
Walpole served in the office of the Exchequer, and represented
Callington, Castle Rising, and King's Lynn in Parliament, where
the chief thing he did seems to have been that he exerted
himself to save the life of Admiral Byng.