WITHOUT KNOWING IT, I WAS DOING WHAT LEONARDO ADVISES--NEW WAY
OF DECORATING THE WALLS OF ONE'S HOUSE--I WISH TO STUDY DESIGN
AT THE ACADEMY, BUT CANNOT CARRY THIS INTO EFFECT--A BOTTLE OF
ANISE-SEED CORDIAL--INTELLIGENT PEOPLE ARE BENEVOLENT, NOT SO
THOSE OF MEDIOCRE MINDS--THE STATUES IN THE PIAZZA DELLA
SIGNORIA AND ALABASTER FIGURES--THE DISCOVERY OF A HIDDEN
WELL--MY FATHER RETURNS HOME WITHOUT WORK, AND LEAVES FOR
ROME--YOUNG SIGNOR EMILIO DEL TABRIS--SEA-BATHS AND CHOLERA AT
LEGHORN--WITH HELP I SAVE A WOMAN FROM DROWNING--I GO TO SAN
PIERO DI BAGNO--MY UNCLE THE PROVOST DIES--MY FATHER RETURNS
FROM ROME, AND SETTLES IN FLORENCE--MY WORK, A GROUP OF A HOLY
FAMILY, IS STOLEN--DESCRIPTION OF THIS GROUP.
How dear to me is the remembrance of those times! My goodwill and desire
to learn were indeed above my very poor condition. The difficulties of
my profession did not discourage me; on the contrary, I felt a
pleasurable though distant hope of surpassing my companions in
figure-work that they did so badly and laboriously. For this purpose,
from that time I gave all my efforts to the study of the human figure. I
bought an album and kept it always with me, begged my friends to stand
as models, and drew their portraits. At first my attempts were not
happy; but I was never tired, and after a time I acquired so much
freedom that with a few strokes I could make a fair likeness. I was
always at work, and the walls of our kitchen and dining-room were all
smudged over with charcoal. Naturally, there was no one to scold me for
this unusual way of adorning the walls, for the mother, poor dear, was
blind, my father was not there, and as I was the eldest, I was, as it
were, the head of the family. Besides, though my mother could not see,
she still knew of this strange practice of mine, and thought it better
for me thus to occupy myself than to be playing with the boys in the
street.
[Sidenote: LONGING TO BE AN ARTIST.]
In the meantime, however, many doubts and self-questionings arose within
me. I knew that there was a school where one could really learn to draw
and paint and make statues. Heavens, how delightful it would be to know
how to make statues! In fact, I understood there was the Academy of Fine
Arts, for so I had been told, and some of the fortunate young men who
frequented this Academy were my acquaintances, and had shown me their
designs, which seemed to me, as my friend Dotti would say, _most
stupendous!_ I was no longer happy. The Academy appeared to me in the
most splendid and glowing colours; it seemed to me the haven, the
landmark, the temple of glory, the throne of my golden dreams.
I spoke of it to my mother with tears in my eyes. She mingled her tears
with mine, but not, perhaps, so much from being persuaded of the
necessity of such studies as from a desire to soothe me. She spoke about
it to Signor Sani, who, I shall always remember, with his eyes fixed
fiercely on me, made even more formidable under his silver spectacles,
replied, that to do all that was to be done in his shop, it was enough
to remain in the shop and have the wish to learn--of this he was
certain; but as to the work in the Academy, he did not feel so sure,
for, on the contrary, that would fill me with desires and cravings that
I could not satisfy, owing to the poverty of my family, even admitting
that I had the disposition to enable me to master these studies; and
finally, he hinted at the danger there was of my being contaminated by
my companions. My mother did not answer him. She said good-bye to me,
and in her sightless eyes I saw the sadness within. She went out, and I
set myself to work.
[Sidenote: A FLASK OF ANISE-SEED.]
I resigned myself, but continued always to study by myself. As Luigi,
the master's eldest son, was studying design at Professor Gaspero
Martellini's school, which was in the Fondacci di Santo Spirito, he gave
me some of his designs to copy. Not only did Professor Martellini give
him lessons in drawing, but also in modelling in clay, and Sani was one
of the most assiduous of his scholars. I remember to have pounded his
clay for him many times, in a room on the ground-floor in his house in
Borgo Sant' Jacopo. This little room was used as a storehouse for all
sorts of odds and ends, and amongst these I once found a flask of
anise-seed cordial, that (to confess the truth) I tasted sometimes. One
morning, having finished what I had to do, and having gone up-stairs to
take the key of the room, one of the master's daughters (he had four)
smelt in my breath the odour of anise-seed, and said to me--
"Who has given you anise-seed?"
"No one," I answered.
"You smell of anise-seed; who has given it to you? Mind, don't tell
lies."
Then I told everything.
"I don't believe you. You are a liar."
"No; come and see."
"Certainly I wish to see."
She then came down, and taking the flask in her hand, looked at it,
smelled it, and tasted it. Apparently she must have drunk a little, for
as soon as she had put down the flask and shut up the room, she began to
totter, and could not stand on her feet. With difficulty I succeeded in
getting her up-stairs, where, as soon as her mother saw her in that
state, there ensued a serious scene. They all talked and scolded at
once--the three girls who had not drank the anise-seed, as well as the
mamma; and when I tried to explain how the thing had happened, I felt
two slaps in the face, which were given with such force that I was
stunned. My ideas became so confused that I was not able to say
anything. Fortunately the girl spoke, and said--
"Nanni is not at fault."
At these words the mistress said--
"Go at once to the shop. Master shall know everything this evening."
I did not breathe a word, and even she said nothing about it to the
master, nor was I scolded by him, or by the Signora Carolina (the
mistress). Some days after I returned to knead the clay, but the flask
of cordial had disappeared.
About this time there was a _residenza_[3] to be made in the shop for
some church, where, in the midst of the clouds that supported the
_ostensorio_, were a quantity of seraphim. This work was required to be
done at once without delay; and as Bartolommeo Bianciardi, who did this
kind of work in the shop, could not alone do all that was required of
him, I proposed to the master to make one of the seraphim myself, and I
succeeded so well that he was entirely satisfied. After that I made
others, and always better and better. From that time, when similar work
came to the shop, I was always employed on it together with the other
workman, and sometimes in preference to him. In the meantime I continued
to make progress in the art of wood-carving, and the best and most
skilful workmen flattered me and helped me with their advice, but the
others looked upon me with an evil eye. I could not understand this
difference, nor can I understand it now; but as I have since met with
this, and felt it always at every time and everywhere, it must be in the
natural order of bad things.
[3] The throne on which the monstrance is placed when
exposition of the sacrament takes place.
[Sidenote: ARTISTIC LONGINGS.]
But there was always a thorn in my heart. The seraphim were not enough
to satisfy me, nor even the large masks and heads of Medusa with all
their serpents. And when I passed through the Piazza della Signoria and
saw the David, the Perseus, and the Group of the Sabines, I thought that
by going to the Academy of Fine Arts one might learn how to make such
works!
Heavens, how grand a thing it would be to be able to go to the Academy!
But it was useless even to think of this, for my father had declared
himself opposed to it. Therefore peace be to it, and let me have
patience. At least those pretty little alabaster figures that are shown
in the shop windows of Pisani on the Prato, and Bazzanti on the
Lung'Arno, those I should be able to do with time and study and a firm
will. For after all, it is only a question of changing the material, of
substituting alabaster for wood, a seraphim or an angel for a little
Venus or Apollo--there is nothing to create. Those who make these
figures, also copy them from others in alabaster, plaster, or bronze, as
I do; and even now I invent my little seraphim, and no longer look at
Flammingo's little boys as I did at first--I do them from memory, making
them either leaner or fatter, or more smiling or more sad, as best I
feel inclined. So I reasoned and persuaded myself that in the end, one
day or other, I also should be able to make one of those graceful little
statuettes.
[Sidenote: A PRACTICAL JOKE.]
In this way I consoled myself, and went on with courage and hopefulness.
Here some one may say, this artist in his old age gives us a picture of
himself as a boy where there is too much fancy. The portrait is
beautiful, but is it a likeness? Has not the love of beauty seduced him?
What is the truth? Who ever saw a boy who was always obedient, studious,
patient, constant, &c. &c.?
Slowly, my good sirs--slowly; have a little patience. Some scrapes even
I have got into, and for the love of truth I must not pass them by in
silence. But everything has its place, and here, for instance, _is_ the
place for one of these scrapes. In the shop where I was employed, close
to my bench there was a great plaster pillar rising from the floor to
the ceiling. Neither I nor any one had ever thought or inquired for what
purpose it had been made. In this pillar was a sort of little niche,
into which was walled up a phial of oil kept for sharpening our tools.
Now it happened that this phial got broken, and in consequence it became
necessary to knock down the rest of the little niche in order to put in
a new one; but in performing this operation, I perceived that the wall
was thin under the hammer, as if it were hollow, so I began to think
what this could mean. The others also wondered, and some said one thing,
and some said another. In the meantime, as I continued to hammer on the
wall in the interior of the niche, a brick fell down, the wall gave way,
and we looked into a hollow space. Taking a stick to measure the depth,
we found it was considerable; but we could not understand what the
meaning of this could be. I have already said, in the beginning of these
memoirs, that our shop was under the Piatti printing-office--and so it
is, for the printing-office is on the first floor over it; but the
building is very high, and above that floor are others occupied by
lodgers. Suddenly, as we stood still, perplexed and wondering what could
be the use of this hollow pillar, I, being nearest the spot, heard a
noise within like a rustling or rubbing of something which we could not
explain.
[Sidenote: THE "SOULS OF PURGATORY."]
For a while I stood still, thinking, when suddenly I guessed what it
was, and said to my companions--
"In a moment, if I succeed, you will witness a scene that will make you
laugh."
"What do you mean to do?"
"You will see." Taking a long piece of beaten iron wire, I bent it into
the form of a mark of interrogation, and fastening the straight end of
it firmly to a bit of wood, when I heard the noise again I thrust it to
the opposite side of the hole, and again and again tried if I could
catch hold of anything within. At last, when I thought I had grappled
hold of something, I pulled it up, and found it to be a rope. As soon as
the rope was caught, we heard several voices scolding, calling, and
disputing--amongst others, a woman's voice shouting, "No, I tell you
there are no other lodgers; pull away, the bucket must have got into
some hole." Then the poor woman pulled, and every time she pulled I gave
a loud groan. At last, apparently the woman's strength failed, the
mistress herself or some one else pulled at it, for I could feel she had
no more strength to pull, and then cried out with an impertinent voice,
worthy of greater success, "Who is there?" "The souls of purgatory," I
shouted out lugubriously, and instantly felt the rope fall down.
To say the truth, I was then a little alarmed through fear of being
discovered, so I pushed forward the iron hook, and the rope fell,
bucket and all, into the well. My companions laughed at the scene, but I
did not; and thinking the joke might be found out, I hastened to close
up again the hole with a brick, set the little bottle of oil into it,
restore the niche as it was, smudge it over well that it might appear
old and as if it had never been touched, sweep away all traces of the
plaster that had been used, straighten out the instrument I had used,
and apply myself to my work in serious rather than hilarious mood.
[Sidenote: MY FATHER GOES TO ROME.]
About this time my father, failing to get work, came to Florence, hoping
to find something to do; but his hopes proved vain. He stayed there a
little while, but at last determined to go away, and this time for a
more distant place. My mother and all of us tried to dissuade him,
telling him to have patience, that some way would be found, that we
would do all we could to help, and although we were very poor, still we
should all be together. But it seemed to him that we could not get on in
this way, and accordingly he left for Rome. So long as he was at Siena
and wrote to us, and sometimes sent us a few _sous_, it was not so bad,
and we were accustomed to it; but now, who could say how we should get
on? So far away, without any one to help him, without acquaintances, and
with so imperious a character, what would become of him? Fortunately,
however, he found employment, and he wrote that he was well, and hoped
in a short time to be able to send us something. God knows there was
need of it.
Meanwhile I had become tolerably skilful. I was no longer a boy; I
earned about three _pauls_ a-day, and nearly all this I gave to my
mother, reserving for myself only a few _sous_ to buy paper, pencils,
and books. Beyond these things I wanted nothing, for my mother took care
to keep me cleanly and decently dressed.
[Sidenote: DISCONTENT.]
As my face, my way of speaking, and my manners were not vulgar, many of
the customers who came to our shop took me for the son of the principal
instead of an apprentice. They readily addressed themselves to me; I
took their messages, and sometimes their orders for the work, and the
older and more skilful workmen showed no ill-feeling about it. Amongst
other customers who had a liking for me, I remember Signor Emilio de
Fabris, who at that time was the head workman in Baccani's studio. He
used to come to direct and urge on the work. He used to talk with me,
and to make his observations on the work; and as he even then had an
easy and graceful way of talking, I listened to him with attention. He
was a thin, tall, refined young man, admirably educated, and courteous
in his manners. To-day he is one of the most famous masters of
architecture, President of our Academy of Fine Arts, and my good friend.
But although I had many reasons for being contented,--for at home,
thanks to the small wages of my brother Lorenzo, the few _sous_ that
came from Rome, and the earnings, meagre though they were, of my mother,
we were able, by putting all together, to live tolerably though poorly,
and in the shop I was liked and esteemed by my master, by the men, by
all,--still I was not contented. I felt there was a void, a feeling of
uneasiness, and a melancholy that I could neither explain to myself, nor
could others explain to me except by jestingly calling me "the poet."
And this was the truth, for the poet is eminently a dreamer whose dreams
are more joyous and smiling than any reality, and I dreamed--yes, but
not of a smiling future when I should be rich and famous, but of any
sort of way by which I could find vent for that inward longing to
distinguish myself above others, and to distinguish myself especially
in figure-work, though it should be only in wood; but it was not
possible for me to satisfy this longing in the shop. Here I was obliged
to work at all sorts of things--chandeliers, frames, mask-heads,
everything; and I not only felt unhappy, but was unhappy, and my health
began to fail. I was advised to take sea-baths; but in Leghorn the
cholera was raging, and it would have been imprudent to go there, and so
another year passed in the midst of desires and hopes and fears and
ill-health. But at last I went to the baths. I had scarcely arrived
there, however, when that terrible disease reappeared and raged
furiously: the inhabitants and strangers hastened to fly from it; all
business was suspended; movement and gaiety almost entirely disappeared;
the shops were shut; and in a short time Leghorn became deserted, sad,
and oppressed with fear.
[Sidenote: CHOLERA AT LEGHORN.]
My mother wrote to me from Florence urging my immediate return; but I--I
know not why--felt myself, as it were, riveted to Leghorn. It may have
been perhaps on account of the effect of the sea air, the novelty of the
life, and the excitement produced in me by the danger to which my life
was exposed, which I not only did not fear, but even felt strong enough
almost to challenge, and more than all, the notable improvement that I
daily felt in my health, which decided me to remain. I had found some
friends even gayer and more thoughtless than myself. We went to the
fish-market and bought the best fish for almost nothing--fresh red
mullet for two or three _soldi_ a pound--for there were no purchasers.
It was generally believed that the disease came from the sea, and was
brought on by eating fish; but we ate and drank and smoked merrily.
In a few days I recovered my health, got a good colour, gained strength,
and melancholy went to the devil. I also found some work to do. The few
_soldi_ that I had brought with me rapidly disappeared. I worked but
little, only doing so much day by day as would enable me to live
merrily. By one o'clock my day of work was over, and then began that of
amusement--which consisted of dinner, walks in the country sometimes as
far as Montenero, towards evening a good swim in the sea, then to the
_café_, and late to bed. Leading as I did this happy life, one can
readily imagine that my letters home breathed trust, courage, and
tranquillity of spirit, so that my mother, although she never ceased to
beg me to return, did so in less pressing terms and with gentler
expressions.
[Sidenote: AMUSEMENTS--CACCIUCCO.]
[Sidenote: I SAVE A DROWNING WOMAN.]
One day when I had gone with my friends on board one of those small
vessels which are stationed at the "Anelli," and while we were eating a
dish of fresh fish called _cacciucco_, which the sailors excel in
making, a woman who was walking by the shore fell or threw herself into
the sea. For a short time she floated, sustained by her clothes, which
puffed up into a sort of bell; then she began to waver to and fro, and
down she went. We looked at each other, and then about us to see if any
of the sailors on the neighbouring ships had seen the woman and were
moving to the rescue, and those on board our boat only shrugged their
shoulders as if she were a dog.
"Down with you! throw yourself in! you know how to swim!"
"I, of course; but don't you swim better than I?"
"I! no; but yes----"
And at this one of us, a fellow nicknamed Braccio di Ferro--I don't
remember his real name--taking off jacket and boots, shouted out, "Hold
your tongues, cowards!" and plunged in head first with his hands above
his head. At the word cowards, made even more telling by the brave act
of the man, I felt my face suffused with shame; and although I was not
such an expert swimmer as Braccio di Ferro, I also took off my jacket
and shoes, and gathering my loins tightly together, with my hands under
my feet, jumped in. Under water one could see quite as clearly as above,
for the rays of the sun penetrated obliquely and lighted up all the
space about me. I saw my friend diving down to touch bottom, which meant
that he had seen that poor woman, but I had to come up to the surface to
take breath. As soon as I had done so once or twice, I made a
somersault, and away I went, striking out with my hands in the water. My
friend, however, had found the woman, and had seized hold of her by her
foot. Swimming around, I caught hold of her skirts,--and just in time;
for poor Braccio di Ferro was blown, and who knows how much water he
would have drunk if I had not come. Leaving the woman to me, he made a
curve in the water, and went to the surface to breathe, plunging his
head under again to look after us. The two boats that had come to get
the poor woman were ready. Braccio di Ferro mounted into one to help me
pull her in. With one hand I caught hold of the boat, and with the other
I clung on to the woman's dress, who was at once dragged out, placed on
her face that she might throw up the water she had swallowed, taken to
land, and escorted to her house, which was not far off. We mounted upon
our vessel amidst the applause of the people and of our friends who were
waiting for us; they took off some of their clothes to cover us as best
they could, and we hung ours out to dry on one of the cords of the ship.
We drank some _pipiona_ wine, finished our repast, and each of us
returned home.
I remained about a month longer in Leghorn; and if it had not been for
my mother, who pressed me to return, I should have stayed who knows how
long. I found also something to do which was to my taste; I made three
heads of Medusa to ornament the panels of a chemist's bench. It was a
new chemist's shop that was to be opened in those days. Who knows what
they have done with those poor heads of mine!
[Sidenote: A DROP TOO MUCH.]
I have just said that when we returned to the ship after having got hold
of the woman who was drowning, we drank some _pipiona_ wine; and now I
must stop and put others who may intend to drink of this _pipiona_ on
their guard. It is wretched wine, or perhaps we drank a drop too much,
for we, who might have had the medal awarded to courage, went home
almost drunk. And whereas an hour before we had been honoured and
applauded, on our return we ran the risk of being scorned. So it is; a
drop of wine too much may serve one such a turn that I, as a good
Christian, warn my equals, and especially inexperienced young men who
find themselves in the company of merry companions, against it.
I returned to Florence, and never heard anything more of my Livornese
friends. Part of them were in Magagnini's shop, who was then a
cabinet-maker, and is now a much-esteemed architect. Others--and amongst
these Braccio di Ferro--were with Ricciardelli, cabinet-maker in Via
dell'Angiolo. I returned home, therefore, and found the mother always
dear and loving, who clasped me in her arms. The day following, I went
back to the shop so brisk and well that the principal and all the men
were rejoiced.
[Sidenote: ATANASIO DUPRÈ'S DEATH.]
About this time my uncle, on my father's side, Atanasio Duprè, provost
at San Piero di Bagno, died. They wrote to us from there to bring my
father to take possession of the inheritance of his brother; and as he
was in Rome, by my mother's advice I left at once for Bagno. According
to my habit, and also to save a few _soldi_, I left towards evening on
foot, and walked all night. It was winter, beautiful weather, cold, and
with clear moonlight. In the middle of the night I met no one, and only
towards daybreak some few carts passed me near Borgo alla Collina and
Bibbiena, where I stopped at the inn, as I could not go on any farther,
having come thirty-six miles without halting. I rested there some hours;
but in order to pursue my journey, I hired a mount and guide, because it
was necessary to go along the dry river-bed of the Corsalone for some
miles, and cross it several times. Through this plain, which was flooded
over at times, the river ordinarily kept to a narrow tortuous channel,
which, seen from the heights of Bibbiena, produced a wonderful effect.
It looked like an enormous serpent with golden scales when lighted up by
the rays of the sun. Having gone over this strange and fatiguing road,
leaving to the right La Vernia, abode and sanctuary of the "poor one" of
Assisi, I mounted the Apennines, and descended again, arriving towards
evening at San Piero di Bagno. I went at once to my poor uncle's
residence, where I found a woman and some priests, who showed me our
inheritance. It was little enough, to speak truly--some modest
furniture, a little linen, and a little money. What was really of value
was the library; but this he had left to the Eremo of Camaldoli, from
whence it originally came, as, at the time of the suppression of
convents, he had taken it to save it from the thieving hands of the
governors and partisans of Napoleon I.
In order to understand how my uncle was able to save a great part of the
books and precious manuscripts belonging to the library at Camaldoli, it
is enough to know that he was one of the fathers of that hermitage, and
when at the suppression they were all expelled, my uncle became a
priest, and was made provost of San Piero di Bagno, where he remained
until his death.
[Sidenote: A GROUP OF THE HOLY FAMILY.]
My father hastened at once to Florence, where I found him at home, after
I had stopped a few days at San Piero. He went there and took possession
of those few things, and afterwards returned to Florence, and from that
time forward never left it. He opened a little shop himself, and I used
to help him in spare moments with certain kinds of work that he was
unable to do,--such as little figures, animals, and other things. It is
a great comfort to me to remember those days. I had the will and the
ability to help my father to do work that was appreciated and liked as
if it were really his, and so increase his reputation and obtain his
affection. It happened once, however, that a most miserable man took
advantage of my father's good faith about a piece of work that had cost
me not a little time and study. This was what occurred:--
One day a man presented himself to my father, and said that he had a
commission to have a group made in wood of not very large dimensions,
that should represent the Sacred Family--the Virgin Mary, St Joseph, the
Infant Jesus, and St John--and that it had come into his head to come to
him, whom he knew to be so clever at figure-work. My father tried in
some way to excuse himself, feeling that the work would be a long one,
and not wishing to take too much advantage of my hours of rest and
study. But there was no way of avoiding it, and he had to yield and take
the order for this work, without even speaking of the price, "for" (so
said this man) "the person who gives the order is both intelligent and
rich, and will not question the price." Having pledged himself in this
way, he spoke to me about it, and said, "Here is a fine opportunity. It
is true you will have to work hard, but you will be recompensed. The
money for this will belong entirely to you, as I can do absolutely
nothing on it." I said yes, to satisfy him; but in reality I intended to
leave the gain to him, only taking something not to humiliate him.
[Sidenote: THE GROUP IS STOLEN.]
The work was begun: I made a little model in clay, gave it a great deal
of study, and took much interest in it. I got on with it very well, but
slowly, as is natural; and the man in question came almost every week to
see it and hurry on the work, saying the person who had given the
commission was most desirous of seeing it, and that we must let him know
when it would be in a condition to be seen,--in brief, when the little
group would be nearly finished. To say the truth, it was entirely
finished; but as then a doubt came up as to whether, in order to finish
it entirely, it would be well to put the lamb at St John's feet, and as
he would not decide upon so important a matter, he proposed to my
father--I was not present--to show it to the person who had commissioned
it at his house, as he could not come to see it at the shop; and he also
congratulated my father on his work, which he felt sure was most
praiseworthy. "The house is not far off--a mere step or two for me there
and back--and so the question about the lamb will be decided." So
saying, he took the little group, wrapped it up in a handkerchief, and
begging my father not to move from the shop, that on his return he might
not be kept outside waiting with the group, he went away, and never more
was seen.
I need not say how my father felt: as for me, for more than a year my
fixed idea was, could I but only meet the man who had robbed me! I
looked for him in the streets, in the market-places, in the
churches--yes, even in the churches. For had he not stolen a Holy Family
from me? He might also steal a lamp or a candle hung before some image.
The ardent desire I felt to find the thief, was not to put him into the
hands of justice--for, more than the actual loss of the money, I felt
roused by the insult and mockery of it. I wanted to teach him what a
lamb was! I! yes indeed; for although I was young then, I was not at all
weak, and there was more than enough strength in me to break his nose
and give him a black eye. I foresaw all the consequences, even to my
imprisonment, which would undoubtedly have followed, for I was fully
aware that one cannot administer justice on one's own account. It did
not matter to me; I felt I must break his nose with my own fists! As
these were my thoughts then, I am obliged to narrate them as they are,
though God forgive me! All this, however, was useless, for I never saw
him again.
[Sidenote: DESCRIPTION OF THE GROUP.]
As wood is not wax, this group must be somewhere now, and will last for
some time to come; so I leave the description of it, that he who is the
present owner may know that its first possessor was a thief.
The little group is a little more than a palm in height; it is of linden
wood, and is composed of four figures in high relief. The Madonna is
seated, with the infant Jesus in her arms, who, with both His arms
around the Virgin's neck, is in the act of reaching up to kiss her, and
she presses Him to her bosom with one hand, whilst the other hangs down
on her left side. St Joseph is bent forward and kneeling, with an
expression of love and adoration; and little St John, also on his knees,
behind the Virgin, is pulling aside her mantle that he may see this
touching scene. St Joseph is at the right and St John on the left of the
Virgin.