II. _Regarding the State of Germany._

1. The constitution of the German Empire, for the reason that it

guarantees neither protection to personal liberty, nor to the

independence of states, nor to the different ranks of society and

incorporations, cannot establish the true welfare of the German

people.

2. The influence of the so‐called national party, which abjures

the essential rights of the German people and of the

representation of the people, will be the ruin of the German

Empire.

3. The exception laws, by which the German Empire, founded as it

is by a common sacrifice, has deprived one‐third of the citizens

of their essential rights, thereby destroying the peace and the

power of Germany.

4. The unlimited development of military power is incompatible

with natural rights, civil liberty, and the spiritual as well as

the material welfare of the German people.

5. The unchristianizing of public instruction now in progress, the

control by the state of the entire school system, founded as it is

upon compulsion, and at the same time the suppression of the

educational rights of the church and of the family, is a source of

spiritual and moral ruin.

6. The venal press, working in the interests of political

servility and of property‐holders, continually misrepresents

public opinion, and is the principal cause of the social evils

that threaten Germany.

7. The foreign policy of the German Empire, especially in its

relations to the Holy See, is not in harmony with the principles

and interests of the Catholic population of Germany, and is not

capable of securing the preservation of the peace of Europe.

The Catholic World, Vol. 20, October 1874‐March 1875 · 第 43 / 221 题