CHAPTER IX

FREIGHT CLASSIFICATION

Importance and nature of classification

described, 300.--Classifications and tariffs

distinguished, as a means of changing rates, 301.--The

three classification committees, 304.--Wide

differences between them illustrated, 305.--Historical

development, 306.--Increase in items

enumerated, 309.--Growing distinction between carload

and less-than-carload rates, 310.--Great volume of

elaborate rules and descriptions, 312.--Theoretical basis

of classification, 314.--Cost of service v. value of

service, 315.--Practically, classification based upon

rule of thumb, 319.--The "spread" in classification

between commodities, 319.--Similarly as between

places, 320.--Commodity rates described, 322.--Natural in

undeveloped conditions, 323.--Various sorts of commodity

rates, 324.--The problem of carload ratings, 325.--Carloads

theoretically considered, 326.--Effect upon commercial

competition, 327.--New England milk rates, 329.--Mixed

carloads, 331.--Minimum carload rates, 322.--Importance

of car capacity, 334.--Market capacity and minimum

carloads, 336.

Uniform classification for the United States, 337.--Revival

of interest since 1906, 339.--Overlapping and

conflicting jurisdictions, 340.--Confusion and

discrimination, 341.--Anomalies and conflicts

illustrated, 342.--Two main obstacles to

uniform classification, 345.--Reflection of

local trade conditions, 345.--Compromise not

satisfactory, 346.--Classifications and distance tariffs

interlock, 347.--General conclusions, 351.

Railroads: Rates and Regulations · 第 9 / 31 章