2. Social customs

The Raghuvansis have now a set of exogamous groups of the usual

low-caste type, designated after titles, nicknames or natural

objects. They sometimes invest their sons with the sacred thread

at the time of marriage instead of performing the proper thread

ceremony. Some discard the cord after the wedding is over. At

a marriage the Raghuvansis of Chhindwara and Nagpur combine the

Hindustani custom of walking round the sacred pole with the Maratha one

of throwing coloured rice on the bridal couple. Sometimes they have

what is known as a _gankar_ wedding. At this, flour, sugar and _ghi_

[456] are the only kinds of food permissible, large cakes of flour

and sugar being boiled in pitchers full of _ghi_, and everybody being

given as much of this as he can eat. The guests generally over-eat

themselves, and as weddings are celebrated in the hot weather, one or

two may occasionally die of repletion. The neighbours of Raghuvansis

say that the host considers such an occurrence as evidence of the

complete success of his party, but this is probably a libel. Such a

wedding feast may cost two or three thousand rupees. After the wedding

the women of the bride's party attack those of the bridegroom's

with bamboo sticks, while these retaliate by throwing red powder

on them. The remarriage of widows is freely permitted, but a widow

must be taken from the house of her own parents or relatives, and

not from that of her first husband or his parents. In fact, if any

members of the dead husband's family meet the second husband on the

night of the wedding they will attack him and a serious affray may

follow. On reaching her new house the woman enters it by a back door,

after bathing and changing all her clothes. The old clothes are given

away to a barber or washerman, and the presentation of new clothes

by the second husband is the only essential ceremony. No wife will

look on a widow's face on the night of her second marriage, for fear

lest by doing so she should come to the same position. The majority of

the caste abstain from liquor, and they eat flesh in some localities,

but not in others. The men commonly wear beards divided by a shaven

patch in the centre of the chin; and the women have two body-cloths,

one worn like a skirt according to the northern custom. Mr. Crooke

states [457] that "in northern India a tradition exists among them

that the cultivation of sugar is fatal to the farmer, and that the

tiling of a house brings down divine displeasure upon the owner;

hence to this day no sugar is grown and not a tiled house is to be

seen in their estates." These superstitions do not appear to be known

at all in the Central Provinces.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 4 · 第 413 / 607 题