6. Marriage

Marriage is forbidden between members of the same sept and between

first and second cousins. Girls are generally betrothed in childhood

and should be married before maturity. In the Uriya country if no

suitable husband can be found for a girl she is sometimes made to go

through the marriage ceremony with a peg of mahua wood driven into

the ground and covered over with a cloth. She is then tied to a tree

in the forest and any member of the caste may go and release her,

when she becomes his wife. The Marars of Balaghat and Bhandara have

the _lamjhana_ form of marriage, in which the prospective husband

serves for his wife; this is a Dravidian custom and shows their

connection with the forest tribes. The marriage ceremony follows

the standard form prevalent in the locality. In Betul the couple

go seven times round a slab on which a stone roller is placed, with

their clothes knotted together and holding in their hands a lighted

lamp. The slab and roller may be the implements used in powdering

turmeric. "Among the Marars of Balaghat [167] the maternal uncle

of the bridegroom goes to the village of the bride and brings back

with him the bridal party. The bride's party do not at once cross

the boundary of the bridegroom's village, but will stay outside it

for a few hours. Word is sent and the bridegroom's party will bring

out cooked food, which they eat with the bride's party. This done,

they go to the house of the bridegroom and the bride forthwith walks

five times round a pounding-stone. Next day turmeric is applied to

the couple, and the caste people are given a feast. The essential

portion of the ceremony consists in the rubbing of vermilion on the

foreheads of the couple under the cover of a cloth. The caste permit

the practice of _ralla-palla_ or exchanging sisters in marriage. They

are said to have a custom at weddings known as _kondia_, according

to which a young man of the bridegroom's party, called the _Sand_

or bull, is shut up in a house at night with all the women of the

bride's party; he is at liberty to seize and have intercourse with

any of them he can catch, while they are allowed to beat him as much

as they like. It is said that he seldom has much cause to congratulate

himself." But the caste have now become ashamed of this custom and it

is being abandoned. In Chhattisgarh the Marars, like other castes,

have the forms of marriage known as the _Badi Shadi_ and _Chhoti

Shadi_ or great and small weddings. The former is an elaborate form

of marriage, taking place at the house of the bride. Those who cannot

afford the expense of this have a 'Small Wedding' at the house of

the bridegroom, at which the rites are curtailed and the expenditure

considerably reduced.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 4 · 第 171 / 607 题