and publishing Papers with certain Words and Characters so nearly
resembling the Notes of the Governor and Company of the Bank of
_England_, as to appear, to ignorant and unwary Persons, to be
the Notes of the said Governor and Company; and it is necessary
for the Security of the Public, that such Practices, as applied
to the Notes of the said Governor and Company of the Description
aforesaid, should be prevented; be it therefore further enacted,
That if any Person or Persons, from and after the passing of
this Act, shall engrave, cut, etch, scrape, or by any other Art,
Means, or Device make, or shall cause or procure to be engraved,
cut, etched, scraped, or by any other Art, Means, or Contrivance
made, or shall knowingly aid or assist in the engraving, cutting,
etching, scraping, or by any other Art, Means, or Contrivance
making, in or upon any Plate of Copper, Brass, Steel, Iron,
Pewter, or of any other Metal or Mixture of Metals, or upon Wood,
or any other Materials, or upon any Plate whatsoever, any Line
Work, as or for the Ground Work of a Promissory Note, or Bill
of Exchange, the Impression taken from which Line Work shall be
intended to resemble the Ground Work of a Bank Note of the said
Governor and Company of the Description aforesaid, or any Device,
the Impression taken from which shall contain the Words “Bank of
_England_,” in White Letters upon a Black, Sable, or Dark Ground,
either with or without White or other Lines therein, or shall
contain in any Part thereof the numerical Sum or Amount of any
Promissory Note or Bill of Exchange in Black and Red Register
Work, or shall show the reversed Contents of a Promissory Note
or Bill of Exchange, or of any Part of a Promissory Note or Bill
of Exchange, or contain any Word or Words, Figure or Figures,
Character or Characters, Pattern or Patterns, which shall be
intended to resemble the Whole or any Part of the Matter or
Ornaments of any Bank Note of the Description aforesaid, or
shall contain any Word, Number, Figure, or Character, in White
on a Black, Sable, or Dark Ground, either with or without White
or other Lines therein, which shall be intended to resemble
the numerical Sum or Amount in the Margin, or any other Part
of any Bank Note of the said Governor and Company, without an
Authority in Writing for that Purpose from the said Governor and
Company, to be produced and proved by the Party accused; or if
any Person or Persons shall, from and after the passing of this
Act, (without such Authority as aforesaid), use any such Plate,
Wood, or other Material so engraved, cut, etched, scraped, or by
any other Art, Means, or Contrivance made, or shall use any other
Instrument or Contrivance for the making or printing upon any
Paper or other Material, any Word or Words, Figure or Figures,
Character or Characters, Pattern or Patterns, which shall be
intended to resemble the Whole or any Part of the Matter or
Ornaments of any such Note of the said Governor and Company, of
the Description aforesaid, or any Word, Figure, or Character, in
White on a Black, Sable, or Dark Ground, either with or without
White or other Lines therein, which shall be apparently intended
to resemble the numerical Sum or Amount in the Margin, or any
other Part of any Bank Note of the said Governor and Company; or
if any Person or Persons shall, from and after the passing of
this Act, without such Authority as aforesaid, knowingly have
in his, her, or their Custody or Possession, any such Plate or
Instrument, or shall knowingly and wilfully utter, publish, or
dispose of, or put away any Paper, or other Material containing
any such Word or Words, Figure or Figures, Character or
Characters, Pattern or Patterns, as aforesaid, or shall knowingly
or willingly have in his, her or their Custody or Possession,
any Paper or other Material containing any such Word or Words,
Figure or Figures, Character or Characters, Pattern or Patterns
as aforesaid, (without lawful Excuse, the Proof whereof shall lie
upon the Person accused,) every Person so offending in any of the
Cases aforesaid, and being convicted thereof according to Law,
shall be adjudged a Felon, and shall be transported for the Term
of Fourteen Years.”
11 Geo. 4. & 1 Will. 4. c. 66. “An Act for reducing into One Act all
such Forgeries as shall henceforth be punished with Death, and for
otherwise amending the Laws relative to Forgery.”
s. 13. “And be it enacted, That if any Person shall, without the
Authority of the Governor and Company of the Bank of _England_,
to be proved by the Party accused, make or use, or shall without
lawful Excuse, to be proved by the Party accused, knowingly have
in his Custody or Possession any Frame, Mould, or Instrument
for the making of Paper, with the words “Bank of _England_”
visible in the Substance of the Paper, or for the making of
Paper with curved or waving Bar Lines, or with the Laying Wire
Lines thereof in a waving or curved shape, or with any Number,
Sum, or Amount, expressed in a Word or Words in Roman Letters,
visible in the Substance of the Paper; or if any Person shall,
without such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid, manufacture,
use, sell, expose to sale, utter or dispose of, or shall, without
lawful Excuse, to be proved as aforesaid, knowingly have in his
Custody or Possession any Paper whatsoever with the Words “Bank
of _England_” visible in the Substance of the Paper, or any Paper
with curved or waving Bar Lines, or with the Laying Wire Lines
thereof in a waving or curved Shape, or with any Number, Sum, or
Amount, expressed in a Word or Words in Roman Letters, appearing
visible in the Substance of the Paper; or if any Person, without
such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid, shall by any Art
or Contrivance, cause the Words “Bank of _England_” to appear
visible in the Substance of any Paper, or cause the numerical Sum
or Amount of any Bank Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post
Bill, Blank Bank Note, Blank Bank Bill of Exchange, or Blank Bank
Post Bill, in a Word or Words in Roman Letters, to appear visible
in the Substance of the Paper whereon the same shall be written
or printed; every such Offender shall be guilty of Felony, and,
being convicted thereof, shall be transported beyond the Seas for
the Term of Fourteen Years.
s. 14. “Provided always, and be it enacted, That nothing herein
contained shall prevent any Person from issuing any Bill of
Exchange or Promissory Note having the Amount thereof expressed
in Guineas, or in a numerical Figure or Figures denoting the
Amount thereof in Pounds Sterling, appearing visible in the
Substance of the Paper upon which the same shall be written or
printed, nor shall prevent any Person from making, using, or
selling any Paper having waving or curved Lines, or any other
Devices in the Nature of Watermarks, visible in the Substance of
the Paper, not being Bar Lines, or Laying Wire Lines, provided
the same are not so contrived as to form the Ground Work or
Texture of the Paper, or to resemble the waving or curved Laying
Wire Lines, or Bar Lines, or the Watermarks of the Paper used by
the Governor and Company of the Bank of _England_.
s. 15. “And be it enacted, That if any Person shall engrave, or
in anywise make upon any Plate whatever, or upon any Wood, Stone,
or other Material, any Promissory Note or Bill of Exchange, or
Blank Promissory Note, or Blank Bill of Exchange, or Part of a
Promissory Note or Bill of Exchange, purporting to be a Bank
Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post Bill, or Blank Bank
Note, Blank Bank Bill of Exchange, or Blank Bank Post Bill, or
Part of a Bank Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post Bill,
without the Authority of the Governor and Company of the Bank of
_England_, to be proved by the Party accused; or if any Person
shall use such Plate, Wood, Stone, or other Material, or any
other Instrument or Device, for the making or printing any Bank
Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post Bill, or Blank Bank
Note, Blank Bank Bill of Exchange, or Blank Bank Post Bill, or
Part of a Bank Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post Bill,
without such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid; or if any
Person shall, without lawful Excuse, the Proof whereof shall
lie on the Party accused, knowingly have in his Custody or
Possession any such Plate, Wood, Stone, or other Material, or
any such Instrument or Device; or if any Person shall, without
such Authority to be proved as aforesaid, knowingly offer, utter,
dispose of, or put off any Paper upon which any Blank Bank Note,
Blank Bank Bill of Exchange, or Blank Bank Post Bill, or Part of
a Bank Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post Bill, shall be
made or printed; or if any Person shall, without lawful Excuse,
to be proved as aforesaid, knowingly have in his Custody or
Possession any such Paper; every such Offender shall be guilty of
Felony, and, being convicted thereof, shall be transported beyond
the Seas for the Term of Fourteen Years.
s. 16. “And be it enacted, That if any Person shall engrave
or in anywise make upon any Plate whatever, or upon any Wood,
Stone, or other Material, any Word, Number, Figure, Character,
or Ornament, the Impression taken from which shall resemble, or
apparently be intended to resemble, any Part of a Bank Note,
Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post Bill, without the Authority
of the Governor and Company of the Bank of _England_, to be
proved by the Party accused; or if any Person shall use any such
Plate, Wood, Stone, or other Material, or any other Instrument
or Device, for the making upon any Paper or other Material the
Impression of any Word, Number, Figure, Character, or Ornament
which shall resemble, or apparently be intended to resemble,
any Part of a Bank Note, Bank Bill of Exchange, or Bank Post
Bill, without such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid; or if
any Person shall without lawful Excuse, the Proof whereof shall
lie on the Party accused, knowingly have in his Custody or
Possession any such Plate, Wood, Stone, or other Material, or any
such Instrument or Device; or if any Person shall, without such
Authority, to be proved as aforesaid, knowingly offer, utter,
dispose of, or put off any Paper or other Material upon which
there shall be an Impression of any such Matter as aforesaid;
or if any Person shall, without lawful Excuse, to be proved as
aforesaid, knowingly have in his Custody or Possession any Paper
or other Material upon which there shall be an Impression of any
such Matter as aforesaid; every such Offender shall be guilty of
Felony, and, being convicted thereof, shall be transported beyond
the Seas for the Term of Fourteen Years.
s. 17. “And be it enacted, That if any Person shall make or use
any Frame, Mould or Instrument for the Manufacture of Paper,
with the Name or Firm of any Person or Persons, Body Corporate,
or Company carrying on the Business of Bankers (other than and
except the Bank of _England_) appearing visible in the Substance
of the Paper, without the Authority of such Person or Persons,
Body Corporate or Company, the Proof of which Authority shall
lie on the Party accused; or if any Person shall, without lawful
Excuse, the Proof whereof shall lie on the Party accused,
knowingly have in his Custody or Possession any such Frame,
Mould, or Instrument; or if any Person shall, without such
Authority, to be proved as aforesaid, manufacture, use, sell,
expose to Sale, utter, or dispose of, or shall, without lawful
Excuse, to be proved as aforesaid, knowingly have in his Custody
or Possession any Paper in the Substance of which the Name or
Firm of any such Person or Persons, Body Corporate, or Company
carrying on the Business of Bankers shall appear visible; or
if any Person shall, without such Authority, to be proved as
aforesaid, cause the Name or Firm of any such Person or Persons,
Body Corporate, or Company carrying on the Business of Bankers to
appear visible in the Substance of the Paper upon which the same
shall be written or printed; every such Offender shall be guilty
of Felony, and, being convicted thereof, shall be liable, at the
Discretion of the Court, to be transported beyond the Seas for
any Term not exceeding Fourteen Years nor less than Seven Years,
or to be imprisoned for any Term not exceeding Three Years nor
less than One Year.
s. 18. “And be it enacted, That if any Person shall engrave or in
anywise make upon any Plate whatever, or upon any Wood, Stone,
or other Material, any Bill of Exchange or Promissory Note for
the Payment of Money, or any Part of any Bill of Exchange or
Promissory Note for the Payment of Money, purporting to be the
Bill or Note, or Part of the Bill or Note, of any Person or
Persons, Body Corporate, or Company carrying on the Business of
Bankers (other than and except the Bank of _England_), without
the Authority of such Person or Persons, Body Corporate, or
Company, the Proof of which Authority shall lie on the Party
accused; or if any Person shall engrave or make upon any Plate
whatever, or upon any Wood, Stone, or other Material, any Word
or Words, resembling, or apparently intended to resemble, any
Subscription subjoined to any Bill of Exchange or Promissory Note
for the Payment of Money issued by any such Person or Persons,
Body Corporate, or Company carrying on the Business of Bankers,
without such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid; or if any
Person shall, without such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid,
use, or shall, without lawful Excuse, to be proved by the Party
accused, knowingly have in his Custody or Possession, any Plate,
Wood, Stone, or other Material upon which any such Bill or Note,
or Part thereof, or any Word or Words resembling or apparently
intended to resemble such Subscription shall be engraved or made;
or if any Person shall, without such Authority, to be proved
as aforesaid, knowingly offer, utter, dispose of, or put off,
or shall, without lawful Excuse, to be proved as aforesaid,
knowingly have in his Custody or Possession, any Paper upon which
any Part of such Bill or Note, or any Word or Words resembling
or apparently intended to resemble any such Subscription, shall
be made or printed; every such Offender shall be guilty of
Felony, and being convicted thereof, shall be liable, at the
Discretion of the Court, to be transported beyond the Seas for
any Term not exceeding Fourteen Years nor less than Seven Years,
or to be imprisoned for any Term not exceeding Three Years nor
less than One Year.
s. 19. “And be it enacted, That if any Person shall engrave
or in anywise make upon any Plate whatever, or upon any Wood,
Stone, or other Material, any Bill of Exchange, Promissory Note,
Undertaking, or Order for Payment of Money, or any Part of any
Bill of Exchange, Promissory Note, Undertaking, or Order for
Payment of Money, in whatever Language or Languages the same
may be expressed, and whether the same shall or shall not be or
be intended to be under Seal, purporting to be the Bill, Note,
Undertaking, or Order, or Part of the Bill, Note, Undertaking,
or Order, of any Foreign Prince or State, or of any Minister
or Officer in the Service of any Foreign Prince or State, or
of any Body Corporate, or Body of the like Nature, constituted
or recognized by any Foreign Prince or State, or of any Person
or Company of Persons resident in any Country, not under the
Dominion of His Majesty, without the Authority of such Foreign
Prince or State, Minister or Officer, Body Corporate, or Body
of the like Nature, Person or Company of Persons, the Proof of
which Authority shall lie on the Party accused; or if any Person
shall, without such Authority, to be proved as aforesaid, use, or
shall without lawful Excuse, to be proved by the Party accused,
knowingly have in his Custody or Possession, any Plate, Stone,
Wood, or other Material upon which any such Foreign Bill, Note,
Undertaking, or Order, or any Part thereof, shall be engraved
or made; or if any Person shall, without such Authority, to be
proved as aforesaid, knowingly utter, dispose of, or put off,
or shall, without lawful Excuse, to be proved as aforesaid,
knowingly have in his Custody or Possession any Paper upon which
any Part of such Foreign Bill, Note, Undertaking, or Order shall
be made or printed; every such Offender shall be guilty of
Felony, and, being convicted thereof, shall be liable, at the
Discretion of the Court, to be transported beyond the Seas for
any Term not exceeding Fourteen Years, nor less than Seven Years,
or to be imprisoned for any Term not exceeding Three Years nor
less than One Year.”
FORM.
The pages when they are imposed and locked up in a chase are called
a Form; and this term is applied whether it be one page only or any
number that are imposed in one chase.
FORM DANCES.
When the lines have not been well justified, or if any thing at the
ends prevents them being tight when locked up, so that when the
compositor tries if the form will lift, and finds that quadrats,
letters, and spaces, or any of them drop down and will not rise, it
is said, _the Form dances_.--_M._
This term is more properly applied to a form when, in being lifted
from the stone, letters, spaces, or quadrats, will drop lower down
than their proper situation, without entirely disengaging themselves
from the form; this frequently happens.
FORM LIFTS.
After a form is locked up, and when, on being raised a little from
the stone, neither letters, spaces, nor any thing else drops out, it
is said, _the Form lifts_.
FORM IN THE SINK.
After a form is laid up, it is frequently left in the sink for a
short time to allow the water to drain from it; if another compositor
wants to lay up a form before this be removed, he calls out, _Form in
the Sink!_ that the person to whom it belongs may take it away.
FORM RISES. _See_ FORM LIFTS.
FORM SPRINGS. _See_ SPRING OF A FORM.
FORMULÆ, CHEMICAL,
are symbols representing the different substances, simple and
compound.
For the convenience of those who have occasion to refer to a
compound substance containing two atoms of base, (as, for instance,
antimonious acid in respect to its carbon,) the weight of two atoms
of the base is given after the weight of the single atom.