2. Subdivisions.

Among the Parwars the Samaiya or Channagri form a separate sectarian

Jain group. They do not worship the images of the Jain Tirthakars,

but enshrine the sacred books of the Jains in their temples, and

worship these. The Parwars will take daughters in marriage from the

Channagris, and sometimes give their daughters in consideration of

a substantial bride-price. Among the Parwars themselves there is a

social division between the Ath Sake and the Chao Sake; the former

will not permit the marriage of persons related more nearly than

eight degrees, while the latter permit it after four degrees. The

Ath Sake have the higher position, and if one of them marries a Chao

Sake he is degraded to that group. Besides this the Parwars have an

inferior division called Benaikia, which consists of the offspring of

irregular unions and of widows who have remarried. Persons who have

committed a caste offence and cannot pay the fine imposed on them for

it also go into this subcaste. The Benaikias [166] themselves are

distributed into four groups of varying degrees of respectability,

and families who live correctly and marry as well as they can tend

to rise from one to the other until after several generations they

may again be recognised as Parwars proper.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 2 · 第 168 / 579 题