_Calcaria_, Tadcaster
_Calleva Atrebatum_, Wallingford.
_Cambodunum_, _Latio jure donata_, Alkmundbury.
_Camboritum_, _colonia_, Chesterford.
* _Canonium_, Kelvedon.
* _Cantiopolis_, _Durobernum_, _stipendiaria_, Canterbury.
_Cataractonium_, Cateric, _Latio jure donata_, Thornbury.
_Cenia_, Tregeny.
_Clausentum_, Southampton.
_Conovium_, Aberconwey.
_Coccium_, _Latio jure donata_, Burton by Lancaster.
* _Combretonium_, Bretenham.
* _Corisennis_, _Causennis_, Stow, Stanfield.
* _Corium_.
* _Corstoplium_, Corbridg.
* _Condate_, Northwich.
_Corinium Dobunorum_, _Latio jure donata_, Cirencester.
_Crococolana_, Colingham.
* _Camulodunum_, _colonia_, _leg. gem. mart._ +XIV.+ Colchester.
_Cunedio_, _Cunetio_, Marlborough.
_Danum_, Doncaster.
_Delgovitia_, Wighton.
_Derventio_, Stanford bridge.
_Derventio_, Little Chester by Derby.
_Deva_, _colonia_, W. Chester, _leg._ +XX. V. V.+ _Cret_.
_Devana_, Aberdeen.
_Dubris_, Dover.
* _Durnomagus_, _Latio jure donata_, Caster.
_Durnovaria_, Dorchester, Dorsetshire.
_Durolevum_, _Durosevum_, Sittinburn.
_Duroprovis_, _stipendiaria_, Rochester.
* _Durolitum_, Romford.
_Durovernum_, _Cantiopolis_, _stipendiaria_, Canterbury.
_Durosiponte_, Godmunchester.
_Durocina_, _Durinum_, _stipendiaria_, Dorchester, _Episcopi_, Oxfordshire.
_Eboracum_, _municipium_, York, formerly _col. leg._ +VI+.
* _Epiacum_, Chester in the street.
_Etocetum_, Wall by Litchfield.
* _Forum Dianæ_, Market street.
* _Gadanica_, _Colanica_, Colecester.
_Glebon_, _colonia_, Gloucester, _leg._ +VII.+ _Claud._
_Gobannium_, Abergavenny.
* _Herirus mons_, by Bala.
* _Hierna._
_Icianis_, Ixworth.
* _In medio._
* _In medium_, Kirkton, Lindsey, Lincolnshire.
* _Isannavaria_, Towcester.
_Isca Dumnoniorum_, _stipendiaria_, Exeter.
_Isca Silurum_, _colon. leg._ +II.+ _Aug._ Caerleon.
_Isurium_, Aldborough.
_Lactorodum_, Stony Stratford.
_Lataris_, Bowes.
_Legiolium_, Casterford.
_Lemanus Portus_, Lymne.
_Leucarium_, Loghor.
_Lindum_, _colonia_, Lincoln.
_Lindum_ in Scotland.
_Londinium_, _colonia_, _Aug._ London.
_Luguvalia_, _Latio jure donata_, Carlisle.
_Madum_, Madeston.
_Magiovinium_, Dunstable.
_Magna_, Old Radnor.
_Manduessedum_, Mancester.
_Mancunium_, Mancastle.
* _Margidunum_, Wilughby.
_Mediolanum_, Myvod.
* _Mediolanum_, Chesterton by Newcastle.
* _Menapia_, St. David’s.
_Muridunum_, _stipendiaria_, Seaton.
_Nidum_, Neath.
* _Noviomagus_, Croydon.
* _Orrea_, Dunkeld.
_Pecuaria_, Brough.
_Pennocrucium_, Penkridge.
_Portus Magnus_, Portchester.
* _Portus Sistuntiorum_, Lune river mouth.
_Præsidium_, Warwick.
_Prætuarium_, Patrinton.
* _Pteretone_, _Latio jure donata_, Inverness.
_Ratæ Coritanorum_, _stipendiaria_, Leicester.
_Regulbium_, Reculver.
* _Regnum_, Chichester.
* _Rerigonium_, Ribchester.
_Rhutupis_, _colonia_, Sandwich.
_Rutunium_, Rowton.
* _Salinis_, Droitwich.
_Segontium_, _stipendiaria_, Caernarvon.
_Sitomagus_, Thetford.
_Sorbiodunum_, _Latio jure donata_, Old Sarum.
_Spinis_, Spene.
* _Statio trajectus_, Chepstow.
* _Sulloniagis_, Edgware.
* _Tamara_, Saltash.
* _Tamea_, Brumchester.
* _Tamese_, Stretley.
* _Theodosia_, _Latio jure donata_, Dunbriton.
* _Tibia amnis_, Caerdiff r.
* _Trimuntium_, Cannaby.
* _Tripontium_, Dowbridge, Showel.
_Tuæssis_, Rothes.
* _Vagniaca_, Sevenoke.
* _Vallum Antonini_, Falkirk.
_Varis_, Bodvary.
* _Varis_, Nairn.
_Vataris_, Brough.
_Venia Silurum_, _stipendiaria_, Caerwent.
_Venta Belgarum_, _stipendiaria_, Winchester.
_Venta Icenorum_, _stipendiaria_, Caster by Norwich.
* _Vennonis_, Cleycester.
_Verolanium_, _municipium_, Verulamcester.
* _Verlucio_, Laycock.
* _Vernometum_, Cosington.
* _Victoria_, _Latio jure donata_, Perth.
_Vindonum_, _stipendiaria_, Silchester.
_Vindocladia_, Wimburn minster.
_Vinovium_, Binchester.
_Vindomora_, Ebchester.
_Viriconium_, Wroxeter.
* _Voluba_, Fowey.
_Voreda_, Castlevoran.
_Uxoconium_, Okenyate.
Here are recounted 173 places in Britain, being 62 more than are
contained in Antoninus’s Itinerary: and of those in our Itinerary I
have marked with an asterisc no less than 76, which are either intirely
new, or not rightly assigned to their true situations in former writers.
IV.
OBSERVATIONS on the ITINERARY.
In my former papers I discoursed to the Society, first, in rehearsal of
the memoirs we can recover concerning Richard of Cirencester, and of
his writings.
I gave an account of the most excellent Map of Roman Britain, prefixed
to the Treatise we are upon. This not only enables us to fix many
places and stations, which before now we could do only by mere
conjecture, and etymology of names, and the like; but further, it gives
us 100 places not hitherto known, so much as in name.
Come we now to treat on the Itinerary, comprised in 18 _Iters_, which
traverse the island of Britain all manner of ways, in the nature of
that we call Antoninus’s Itinerary; with the intermediate miles between
every station: to which I have assigned the respective modern names of
the places, to the best of my knowledge.
This Itinerary of our author is far more copious than that of
Antoninus: especially it takes in the whole kingdom of Scotland,
that country reduced by the valiant Agricola, and called by him
_Vespasiana_, when made a province, in honour to the reigning
emperor’s father: it took him up seven whole years to complete this
great conquest: and one of our _Iters_ extends from _Alata castra_,
Inverness, to the Land’s End in Cornwall.
From due consideration we have reason to believe, this Itinerary of our
author’s, as to the original plan, is no other than that of Agricola.
After he was recalled by Domitian, about A. D. 85. to Hadrian’s time,
Britain was neglected, Agricola’s cities in Scotland overthrown, his
castles dismantled; so that Tacitus well says, _Perdomita Britannia et
statim amissa_: he means only Scotland subdued by Agricola; for four
legions remained in that part we call England, to keep it in subjection
till Hadrian came.
To our itinerary alone, and the Map, are we indebted for the knowledge
of the stations in Scotland: so that we must conclude, he had sight of
manuscripts and rolls which were written in that time; whether in the
libraries at Rome, or in the monastic libraries of Britain, we know
not: but from the same libraries Antoninus’s Itinerary, and the like
monuments of learned antiquity, were taken.
It would seem that Whittichind, the Saxon author, had seen such like
works as our Richard perused; he writes, that Britain was divided into
provinces by Vespasian.
Richard writes expresly, that he copied some papers transmitted to
posterity by a Roman general, who probably was Agricola; he had some
informations from certain religious of his order, who had been in
Scotland.
He learnt what he writes on _Caledonia_, from British merchants. Again,
speaking of _Glevum_, Gloucester, he says, it is a Roman colony,
constituted by Claudius, _ut scriptores de istis temporibus affirmant_;
so that he omitted no kind of means to acquire knowledge of the British
geography.
_In medio_, _ad fines_, _ad Itunam flu. ad montem Grampium_, _Herirus
mons_, _Alpes Pennini_, _ad Pontem_, _ad Murum_, _ad Vallum_; a very
great number of these, and the like, being recited, intimate the high
antiquity of the Itinerary; that the roads were generally made, or
marked out; but towns, cities, castles, not then built, only some inns,
for present conveniency. Especially we see this in Scotland, a good
way on the sea-coast northerly, and remarkably in the IXth Iter; _ad
Tavum_, _ad Æsicam_, _ad Tinam_, _ad Itunam_, _ad montem Grampium_,
_ad Selinam_; and in the map these rivers are named, and the Grampian
mountain, without a town’s name annexed, as then not fully built; and
probably that country was left by the Romans before the towns were
built, the Romans having chiefly strong camps by the rivers. We may
reasonably hence judge, the original itinerary and map, which our
Richard copied, was constructed in Agricola’s time; though afterward
additions were made to it.
We see likewise this method of nomination used in other more distant
parts, as _Herirus mons_ in Wales, _Alpes pennini_ in the mountainous
tract of Lancashire.
In Iter IV. _Ad Tisam amnem_, _Ad Murum_, _Ad Alaunam flu._ _Ad Tuedam
flu._ _Ad Vallum_.
In Iter XI. _Ad Alone_, _Ad Sabrinam_, _Tibia amnis_, _Ad Vigesimum
lapidem_, &c.
In Iter XV. _Ad Lapidem_, _Ad Decimum lapidem_, where only mile-stones
are named; and the remains of this manner of denomination are left
in the English names _Stoneham_, _Stone_, _Stanefield_, _Stanwic_,
_Stanton_, and the like.
We learn to correct many words in our geography, which before were
not truly wrote: for instance, _Bannavenna_, Towcester, sometimes
_Benavona_, _Bennaventa_, which words have no meaning, is really
_Isannavaria_, ill placed at Weedon, or rather _Isantavaria_; which
words are easily deduced from the British.
* * * * *
I judge it will be a matter useful to the Studious in this kind of
learning, to collect into one general Index all the names of places,
hitherto recited in the Map and Itinerary, with the annexed asterisc,
denoting those names, which are new, or better placed than in former
books, or of new denomination; to which we must add those recited in
his VIth chapter of the Chorography of Britain. This contains above 100
names not found in my friend Mr. Baxter’s _Glossarium Brittanicum_;
who has collected all the names we before knew; and this present must
justly be esteemed the noblest monument of antient Britain.
* _Abona flu._ of _Caledonia_, Frith of Dournach, in the Highlands.
* _Abus_, the Humber.
_Abona_, r. Avon of Bristol and Bath, _Primæ_.
_Acmodæ_ isles.
* _Ad Abum_, Wintringham, Lincolnshire.
* _Ad Alaunam_, r. Alnwic, by the Wall, Northumberland.
* _Ad Alaunam_, r. _Alone_, Lancaster.
* _Ad Alone_, _Abone_, on Frome r. by Evershot, Dorsetshire.
_Ad Ansam_, Stretford-street, Suffolk, _Ad Sturium_, _fl._
* _Ad Fines Brigantes inter et Coritanos_, Gravesborough by Rotheram,
West-riding, Yorkshire.
* _Ad Æsicam._
* _Ad Antonam_, Evesham, Worcestershire.
* _Ad Aquas_, Wells, Somersetshire.
* _Ad Durium amnem._
* _Ad Fines Trinobantes inter et Cenomanos_, Roiston, Hertfordshire.
* _Ad Itunam._
* _Ad Decimum_, sc. _lapidem_.
* _Ad Fines Maximam inter et Flaviam_, Stretford on Mersey, in
Lancashire.
* _Ad Lapidem_, Stoneham.
* _Ad Lemanum_, r. old Romney.
* _Ad Montem Grampium._
* _Ad Murum_, Newcastle on Tyne.
* _Ad Tines_, Rochester, by Redesdale, on r. N. Tyne.
* _Ad Tisam_, _fl._ Peirsebridge, Yorkshire, Ovynford.
* _Ad Pontem_, Bridgeford, Nottinghamshire.
* _Ad Selinam._
* _Ad Sabrinam_, _fl._ Awst.
* _Ad Tavum_, _fl._
* _Ad Tinam_, _fl._
* _Ad Tuedam_, _fl._ Berwick.
* _Ad Vigesimum_, sc. _lapidem_, Narbath-castle.
* _Ad Uxellam amnem._
* _Ad Trivonam_, _fl._ Burton upon Trent.
* _Ad Vallum_, _Antonini_, Falkirk.
* _Ad Sturiam_, _fl._ Stretford-street, _Ad Ansam_, Suffolk.
* _Ælia Castra_, Aldcester by Biceter, Oxfordshire.
_Æsica_, r. of _Vecturiones_.
_Agelocum_, Littleborough on Trent Nottinghamshire.
* _Alata Castra_, Inverness, _Vacomagorum Metropolis_, _Latio jure
donata_, _Pteroton_.
_Alcluith_, _ad lacum Lincalidor_, _Theodosia_.
* _Alpes Pennini_, Pendleton, Pendlebury, Lancashire.
* _Alpes_, hills of Lothlers, _Valentiæ_, Scotland.
_Alauna_, Sterling, _Horestiorum urbs_.
_Alauna_, r. Aylmouth, Awn. Northumberland.
* _Alauna_, r. Lune of Lancaster, _Maximæ_.
* _Alauna_, Alcester upon Arrow, _Dobunorum urbs_, _Flaviæ_,
Warwickshire.
_Alauna_, r. by Blandford, Dorsetshire.
* _Alicana_, Shipton by Craven, Yorkshire.
* _Albanii_, Broadalbin, Scotland.
_Albani_, by Lorn, Scotland.
_Antona_, r. Avon of Northampton, Nen.
_Antona_, r. Winchester, Hants.
* _Anderida Portus_, Newhaven, Sussex.
_Anderida Sylva_, _Caledonia_, Sussex.
_Anterii_, Ireland.
_Anterium Metropolis_, there.
_Andros_, isle.
_Antivestæum_, _prom._ Penros, Cornwall.
* _Artavia_, Tintagel, Cornwall.
* _Aquæ_, Buchan, Scotland.
_Aquæ Solis_, _colonia_, _Thermæ_, Bath.
_Ariconium_, Kenchester, of _Silures_, _Secundæ_, Herefordshire.
* _Aræ finium imperii Romani_, Chanery in the Highlands.
_Argitta_, r. of _Rhobogdii_, Ireland.
_Atlanticus Oceanus_, the Atlantic Ocean.
* _Attacotti_, Lochabar, of _Vespasiana_.
_Atrebates_, Berkshire.
_Avalonia_, _Heduorum urbs_, Glasenbury.
_Aufona_, r. of Northampton, _Naina_, Nen.
_Ausoba Sinus_, Ireland.
_Banna_, r. of _Rhobogdii_, Ireland.
* _Banatia_, Lochabar by Fort-William, _Vacomagi_.
_Banchorium_, _Bonium_, of _Carnabii_, Banchor, Flintshire.
_Benonæ_, of _Carnabii_, Cleycester, Highcross, Northamptonsh.
_Belisama_, r. Rible, _Maximæ Cæsariensis_, Lancashire.
_Belgæ_, Somersetshire.
_Beregonium_, _Valentiæ_, Dunstafag, in Lorn.
* _Berigonius Sinus_, by Cantyre, Scotland.
_Bibroci_, or _Rhemi_, Berkshire.
* _Bibrax_, _Bibracte_, of _Bibroci_, _Bibrocum_, Madanhead, Bray,
Berks.
_Blestium_, Oldcastle on Hescol r. Scotland, _Blescium_.
_Boduni_, Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, Worcestershire.
_Bolerium_, _prom. Primæ_, St. Ive’s, Cornwall.
_Bodotria_, _Bodoria_, _Æstuarium_, Frith of Forth, Scotland.
_Bonium_, _Banchorium_, Banchor, Flintshire.
_Bovium_, Boverton, Glamorganshire.
_Brangonium_, Worcester.
_Brannogenium_, Oxfordshire, _Flaviæ_, of _Ordovices_, or _Dobuni_.
_Branavis_, Banbury.
_Bremenium_, Rochester, Northumberland, capital of _Ottodini_,
_stipendiaria_.
* _Bremenium_, Birmingham, Warwickshire.
_Brigantes_, Yorkshire.
_Brigantes_, Ireland.
_Brigas_, Ireland.
_Brigantia_, Ireland.
_Brigantium_, _Isurium_, Aldborough, Yorkshire.
* _Brigantum extrema_, _prom._ Flamborough-head, Yorkshire.
_Brige_, _Bragæ_, Broughton, Hampshire.
_Brinavis_, Banbury, Oxfordsh.
_Britannia Prima_, Province.
_Britannia Secunda_, Province.
—— _Flavia_, Province.
—— _Maxima_, Province.
—— _Valentia_, Province, _usque ad murum Antonini_.
—— _Vespasiana_, Province, _ultra murum Antonini_.
_Brocavonacis_, _Brovonacis_, Browham, Northumberland.
_Bullium_, _Burrium_, _Bultrum_, Caerphylli castle, Brecknockshire.
_Buvinda_, r. Ireland.
_Caledonia_, Province, Highlands.
_Caledonia_, s. _Anderida Sylva_, Sussex.
_Caledonia Sylva_, in the Highlands.
* _Caledoniæ extrema_, Dunsby-head, Scotland.
_Cæsarea insula_, Jersey.
_Cantæ_, Cromarty in the Highlands.
_Candida casa_, _Leucopibia_, Whithern in Galway.
* _Carnabii_, Sutherland in the Highlands.
_Caledonii_, Inverness county, beyond Varar.
_Carnabii_, in Staffordshire, Wales, Cheshire, _Flaviæ_.
_Caledonia Sylva_, Rockingham forest, Northamptonshire.
_Carronacæ_, _Carnovacæ_, Strathnavern in the Highlands.
* _Cattini_, Cathness in the Highlands.
_Cassii_, _Cateuchlani_, Middlesex.
* _Camboritum_, _colonia_, Chesterford, Cambridgeshire.
* _Camulodunum_, _colonia_, Colchester, _Trinobantum_, _legio_ +XIV.+
_Gemina_, _Martia_.
* _Cambola_, r. Padstow haven, Camelford, Cornwall.
_Caleba Atrebatum metropolis_, Wallingford, Berkshire.
* _Cantæ_, _Cantii_, Kent.
* _Cantiopolis_, _Durovernum_, Canterbury, _metropolis_,
_stipendiaria_.
_Cantium_, _prom._ Kent.
* _Canganus Sinus_, by Harley, Carnarvonshire, or Merionidshire.
_Canganum_, _prom._ Llyn Point, Carnarvonshire.
_Cangiani_,
* _Canonium_, Kelvedon, Essex.
_Calcaria_, Tadcaster, Yorkshire.
_Cambodunum_, _Latio jure donata_, Alkmundbury, Yorkshire.
_Canovius_, r. of _Mona_ isle, Anglesey.
_Cassiterides Insulæ_, Scilly.
_Cataracton_, _Cataractonium_, _Latio jure donata_, Thornburgh,
Catteric, _Maximæ_.
_Cattieuchlani_, _Cassii_, Hertfordshire.
_Cauci_, Ireland.
_Causennis_, Stanfeild, Lincolnshire.
* _Cauna Insula_, Shepey.
_Carnabii_, Cornwall,
* _Carbanticum_, Kirkubright, Treef c. on Dee.
* _Cæsaromagus_, Chelmsford.
_Celnius_, r. of _Vacomagi_, Duvern, Scotland.
_Cerones_, Inverness county, Scotland.
_Cenia_, Tregeny, _Damnoniorum metropolis_, Falmouth.
_Cenius_, r. Falmouth haven, _Damnoniorum_, by Tregeny.
* _Cenomani_, Huntingdonshire, Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk.
* _Cimbri_, _Primæ_, Somersetshire.
* _Clita_, r. _Secundæ_, Clvyd, by St. Asaph.
_Clausantum_, _Belgarum_, Southampton, _metropolis_.
_Clota insula_, _Vespasianæ_, Arran isle.
_Clotta Æstuarium_, _Valentiæ_.
_Cluda_, r. Cluyd, Clyd.
* _Condate_, Northwich, Cheshire.
* _Combretonium_, Bretenham, Bradfeild Combust, Suffolk.
_Conovius_, r. Canovy, Aberconway, Caernarvonshire.
_Concangios_, Watercrook by Kendal, Westmorland.
_Colanica_, _Gadanica_, Peebles, _Valentiæ_.
_Conovium_, Aberconwy.
_Concangii_, Ireland.
* _Coccium_, _Latio jure donata_, _Sistuntiorum_, Burton, Lancashire.
* _Coitani_, Forest of Rockingham, _Caledonia Sylva_,
Northamptonshire.
* _Coria_, Corstan law, _metropolis_ of _Gadeni_, Lothian.
_Corbantorigum_, of _Selgovæ_.
_Corinium Dobunorum_, _Latio jure donata_, Cirencester,
Gloucestershire.
* _Coritani_, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire.
_Coriondii_, Ireland.
* _Corisennis_, _Causennis_, Stanfeild, Lincolnshire.
* _Corium_, Corsford by Lanerk, Cluydsdale.
_Corstoplium_, Corbridge, Northumberland.
_Crococolana_, Colingham, Nottinghamshire.
_Cronium mare_, northern Ocean.
* _Creones_, _Cerones ad Volsas sinus_, Ross.
_Cunedio_, Marlborough, _Cunetio_, Wiltshire.
_Dabrona_, r. Ireland,
_Damnii_, Argyleshire, _Vespasianæ_.
* _Damnii Albani_, Scotland, _infra Tavum_, _Vacomagosque_,
_Valentiæ_, Lorn.
_Damnia_, north and South of the wall of Severus.
_Damnonii_, Somersetshire, _Primæ_.
_Damnii_, Ireland.
_Danum_, Doncaster, Yorkshire.
_Delgovicia_, Wighton, Yorkshire.
_Darabouna_, r. of _Rhobogdii_, Ireland.
_Derventio_, Stanford-bridge, Yorkshire.
_Derventio_, Little Chester, by Derby.
_Derventio_, r. Derwent, Cumberland, _Maximæ_.
_Deva_, r. of _Taixali_, by Aberdeen, Dee.
_Deva_, r. Dee by Kirkcubright, of _Selgovæ_.
* _Dena_, r. Cree, by Whithern, Scotland.
_Deva_, _colonia_, Westchester, _legio_ +XX. V. V.+ _Cretica_,
_Flaviæ_.
_Devana_, of _Taixali_, Aberdeen, _Divana_.
* _Dimeti_, _Silurum gens_, _Secundæ_, Cardiganshire.
_Dobona_, r. Ireland.
_Dobuni_, _Boduni_, _Cattieuchlanorum gens_, Oxfordshire.
_Dunum_, _metropolis_, Ireland.
_Dubris_, r. of _Cantii_, Douvre.
_Dubris_, _portus_, Dover, Kent.
_Durius_ r. Ireland.
* _Durius_ r. _Damnoniorum_, Dart, Devonshire.
* _Durinum_, _Durnovaria_, Dorchester, Dorsetshire, _stipendiaria_.
_Durobris_, _Duroprovis_, Rochester, _stipendiaria_, _Durobrovis_.
* _Durnomagus_, Caster by Peterborough, _Cenomannorum_, _Latio jure
donata_, Northamptonshire.
_Durotriges_, s. _Morini_, Dorsetshire.
* _Durolevum_, _Durosevum_, Sittingburn, Kent.
* _Durolitum_, Romford, _Durositum_, Essex.
_Durocina_, Dorchester _episcopi_, Oxfordshire.
_Durosiponte_, Godmanchester, Huntingdonshire.
_Durovernum_, _stipendiaria_, Canterbury, _Cantiopolis_.
_Eblanæ_, Ireland.
_Eboracum_, _municipium_, formerly _colonia leg._ +VI.+ _victrix_,
York.
_Ebuda_ isle, Hebrid, _Caledoniæ_.
—— II. _Caledoniæ._
—— III. Skye, _Caledoniæ_.
—— IV. _Caledoniæ._
—— V. _Caledoniæ._
_Ebudum_, _prom._ of _Carnovacæ_, Highlands.
* _Epiacum_, Chester in the street, county of Durham, _Brigantum_,
_Maximæ_.
* _Epidia_, _insula superior_, Northvist, _Vespasianæ_.
_Epidium_, _prom._ Highlands.
* _Epidii_, Cantyre, Highlands.
* _Epidia_, _insula inferior_, Southvist, _Vespasianæ_.
_Eriri mons_, by Bala, Merionydshire.
_Etocetum_, of _Carnabii_, wall by Litchfield, _Flaviæ_,
Staffordshire.
_Flavia_, Province.
* _Forum Dianæ_, _Cassiorum_, Market-street, by Dunstable,
Hertfordshire.
* _Fretum Menevicum_, Cardigan, bay, _Secundæ_.
_Gadeni_, in Northumberland, _Valentiæ_.
_Gadenia_, north of the wall of Severus.
_Gadeni_, in Scotland.
* _Gadanica_, _Colonica_, Colecester, or Peebles, Scotland.
* _Galgacum_, _Galacum_, Lanchester, _Brigantum_, _Maximæ_, Durham
county.
_Garion_, r. Yare, _Garienus_, Norfolk.
_Genania_, Province, North Wales.
_Glevum_, _Glebon_, _colonia_, _leg._ +VII.+ _Claudia Dobunorum_,
Gloucester, _Flaviæ_.
_Gobannium Silurum_, Abergaveny, _Secundæ_.
_Grampius_, _m._ Grantsbein, Scotland, _Vespasianæ_.
* _Halengum_, _Halangium_, Hailston, Cornwall.
_Hebudes insulæ_ +V+.
* _Helenum_, _prom. Helenis Cornabiorum_, Berry Point, Devonshire.
_Herculis columnæ_, Cornwall, Main Ambres.
_Herculis_, _prom._ Hertland Point, Devonshire.
* _Herculis insula_, _Heraclea_, Lundy, _Primæ_.
* _Hedui_, Somersetshire.
* _Heriri m. m._ by Bala, Wales, _Secundæ_, Merionydshire.
* _Hierna._
_Horestii_, _ad Tavum_, Fife, _Vespasianæ_.
_Ibernia_, city in Ireland.
_Ibernus_, r. Ireland.
_Ibernii_, Ireland.
_Icenii_, Rutland, Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, _Flaviæ_.
* _Icianis_, Ixworth, Icklingham, Suffolk.
_Idumanus_, r. by Chelmsford, Essex, _Trinobantes_.
_Ila_, r. Ale, Highlands, _Caledoniæ_.
* _In medio._
* _In medium_, Kirkton, Lincolnshire.
* _Isannavaria_, Towcester, _Isantavaria_, Northamptonshire.
_Isca_, r. Ex by Exeter, _Primæ_.
_Isca Damnoniorum_, _metropolis_, _stipendiaria_, Exeter.
_Isca Silurum colonia_, Caerleon, _leg._ +II.+ _Aug. metropolis
Britanniæ Secundæ_, Monmouthshire.
_Isca_, r. Usk, Monmouthshire.
_Ischalis Heduorum_, Ilchester, Somersetshire.
_Isurium Brigantum_, _Brigantium_, _metropolis_, Yorkshire,
Aldborough, _Maximæ_, Aldwark.
_Ituna_, r. of _Taixali_, Ythan, _Vespasianæ_.
* _Ituna Æstuarium_, Eden, _Valentiæ_.
_Ituna_, r. of _Selgovæ_.
_Itys_, r. Highlands.
* Κριοῦ μέτωπον, _prom._ Ram head, _Primæ_, Cornwall.
_Lactorodum_, Stoney-Stretford, Bucks.
_Lataris_, Bowes, Yorkshire.
_Lebarum_, Ireland.
_Legiolium_, Casterford, Yorkshire.
_Lelanonius Sinus_, Lochleven, Highlands, _Vespasianæ_.
_Lemanus portus_, Limne, _primæ_, Kent.
_Lemana_, r. _Cantii_, Lime-water, Kent.
_Lemanus_, r. boundary of _Cantii_ and _Bibroci_.
* _Leucopibia_, _candida casa_, Withern, _Novantum_, _metropolis_,
_Valentiæ_, Scotland.
_Leucarium_, Loghor, Glamorganshire.
_Libnius mons_, Ireland.
_Libnius_, _metropolis_, Ireland.
* _Lincalidor lacus_, Lochlomond, _Attacottorum_.
* _Lindum_, Dunblane, _Horestiorum_.
_Lindum colonia Coritanorum_, Lincoln.
_Loebius_, r. Ireland.
* _Logi_, Sutherland, Highlands.
_Londinium Augusta_, London, _colonia_, _Lundinum_, _metropolis_,
_Flaviæ_.
* _Longus_, r. Lochlock, Highlands.
_Loxa_, r. Frith of Cromarty, Highlands.
* _Luanticum_, _Lovantium_, _metropolis Dimetiorum_, Cardigan,
_Secundæ_.
_Lucani_, Ireland.
_Lugubalia_, _Latio jure donata_, _Sistuntiorum_, Carlisle,
_Maximæ_.