_The greater ioye his life to me, his death the greater payne:
His life in Christ so surelie set, doth glad my hearte agayne:
His life so good, his death better, do mingle mirth with care,
My spirit with ioye, my flesh with grief, so deare a frend to spare.
Thus God the good, while they be good, doth take, and leaues vs ill,
That we should mend our sinfull life, in life to tary still.
Thus, we well left, be better rest, in heauen to take his place,
That by like life, and death, at last, we may obteine like grace.
Myne owne Iohn Whiteney agayne fairewell, a while thus parte in
twaine,
Whom payne doth part in earth, in heauen great ioye shall ioyne
agayne._
In this place, or I procede farder, I will now declare, by
whose authoritie I am led, and by what reason I am moued, to
thinke, that this way of duble translation out of one tong into
an other, in either onelie, or at least chiefly, to be exercised,
speciallie of youth, for the ready and sure obteining of any
tong.
There be six wayes appointed by the best learned men, for
the learning of tonges, and encreace of eloquence, as
{1. _Translatio linguarum._
{2. _Paraphrasis._
{3. _Metaphrasis._
{4. _Epitome._
{5. _Imitatio._
{6. _Declamatio._
All theis be vsed, and commended, but in order, and for
respectes: as person, habilitie, place, and tyme shall require.
The fiue last, be fitter, for the Master, than the scholer: for
men, than for children: for the vniuersities, rather than for
Grammer scholes: yet neuerthelesse, which is, fittest in mine
opinion, for our schole, and which is, either wholie to be
refused, or partlie to be vsed for our purpose, I will, by good
authoritie, and some reason, I trust perticularlie of euerie
one, and largelie enough of them all, declare orderlie vnto you.
_the ready way to the Latin tong._ 243
¶ _Translatio Linguarum._
Translation, is easie in the beginning for the scholer, and
bringeth also moch learning and great iudgement to the
Master. It is most common, and most commendable of all
other exercises for youth: most common, for all your con-
structions in Grammer scholes, be nothing els but translations:
but because they be not double translations, as I do require,
they bring forth but simple and single commoditie, and bicause
also they lacke the daily vse of writing, which is the onely
thing that breedeth deepe roote, buth in y^e witte, for good
vnderstanding, and in y^e memorie, for sure keeping of all that
is learned. Most commendable also, & that by y^e iudgement of
all authors, which intreate of theis exercises.
_Tullie_ in the person of _L. Crassus_, whom he // 1. de Or.
maketh his example of eloquence and trewe iudgement in
learning, doth, not onely praise specially, and chose this way of
translation for a yong man, but doth also discommend and
refuse his owne former wont, in exercising _Paraphrasin &
Metaphrasin. Paraphrasis_ is, to take some eloquent Oration,
or some notable common place in Latin, and expresse it with
other wordes: _Metaphrasis_ is, to take some notable place out of
a good Poete, and turn the same sens into meter, or into other
wordes in Prose. _Crassus_, or rather _Tullie_, doth mislike both
these wayes, bicause the Author, either Orator or Poete, had
chosen out before, the fittest wordes and aptest composition for
that matter, and so he, in seeking other, was driuen to vse the
worse.
_Quintilian_ also preferreth translation before all other
exercises: yet hauing a lust, to dissent, from // Quint. x.
_Tullie_ (as he doth in very many places, if a man
read his Rhetoricke ouer aduisedlie, and that rather of an
enuious minde, than of any iust cause) doth greatlie commend
_Paraphrasis_, crossing spitefullie _Tullies_ iudgement in refusing
the same: and so do _Ramus_ and _Talæus_ euen at this day in
_France_ to. But such singularitie, in dissenting from the best
mens iudgementes, in liking onelie their owne opinions, is
moch misliked of all them, that ioyne with learning, discretion,
and wisedome. For he, that can neither like _Aristotle_ in
Logicke and Philosophie, nor _Tullie_ in Rhetoricke and