Bill strong and tapering, neither hooked nor cered; its outlines
straight or nearly so, its tip compressed and chisel-shaped; legs
rather short; feet and nails strong; two toes in front, two or rarely
one behind, all free to their bases.
Suborder PICI.
Characters same as those given for the Order.
Family PICIDÆ.
Subfamily PICINÆ.
Tail-feathers twelve, more or less wedge-shaped at their tips, the
shafts large and very stiff.
Genera.
a1. Three toes. ... Tiga (p. 398)
a2. Four toes.
b1. Much smaller, length less than 180 mm. ... Yungipicus (p. 392)
b2. Much larger, length more than 250 mm.
c1. Fore breast and throat marked with large, nearly round,
whitish spots; each feather narrowly edged with blackish
brown. ... Chrysocolaptes (p. 399)
c2. Fore breast and throat without large round white spots.
d1. Abdomen, flanks, and thighs black or slate-gray, uniform
in color with the chest.
e1. Smaller, wing less than 180 mm.; most of the plumage
black. ... Lichtensteinipicus (p. 403)
e2. Larger, wing more than 210 mm.; most of the plumage
slate-gray. ... Mulleripicus (p. 404)
d2. Abdomen, flanks, and thighs white or whitish; chest
black. ... Thriponax (p. 405)
Genus YUNGIPICUS Bonaparte, 1854.
Culmen nearly straight; nasal ridge weak; nostrils hidden; first
primary short and slender; second primary nearly equal to third,
fourth, and fifth which are subequal; upper parts black or brown, more
or less barred with white or ocherous-white; below white or buff with
blackish spots and stripes; wings and tail black or blackish brown,
more or less barred with white; females with no red on the head. This
genus includes the smallest Philippine woodpeckers; length, about
150 mm.