Sorano, Miguel, case of, iii, 208
Sorbonne condemns the _Mística Ciudad_, iv, 40
Sorcery, iv, 179
persecuted by Ramiro I, iv, 179
taught by the Moors, iv, 180
medieval treatment, iv, 181
question of jurisdiction, i, 271; iv, 183
of heresy, iv, 184
pact with demon, iv, 185
in commission of inq.-genl., iv, 189
astrology suppressed, iv, 192
procedure, iv, 196
punishment, iv, 197
persistent belief, iv, 203
number of cases, iv, 204
case of Carlos II, ii, 171
attributed to Jesuits, iv, 20
Sorell, Pedro, his frauds, ii, 452
Soriana, Anastasia, case of, iv, 220
Sotomayor, Duke of, prosecuted, iv, 430
Sotomayor, Inq.-genl., his resignation, i, 301, 309, 613
his pensions, ii, 132
his Index, iii, 495, 529
persecutes Dominicans, iv, 380
Sovereigns, their duty as to heresy, ii, 1
Sovereignty of the nation asserted, iv, 406
Spain, its relations to the Church, i, 11
Jews excluded, i, 141; iii, 292, 311
no danger from Protestantism, iii, 448
the home of magic, iv, 180
its vicissitudes, iv, 472
its exhaustion, iii, 337; iv, 474
misery in 17th century, iv, 475
its natural advantages, iv, 477
burdens of taxation, iv, 478
lack of roads, iv, 480
the _Mesta_, iv, 481
_despoblados_ and _baldíos_, iv, 482
vitiation of coinage, iv, 482
aversion for labor, iv, 483
recovery under Bourbons, iv, 486
retrogression under Carlos IV, iv, 487
growth of population, iv, 487
influence of clericalism, iv, 488, 498
character of clergy, iv, 496
sensitiveness as to religion, iv, 502
character of religion, iv, 502
results of intolerance, iv, 504
influence of Inqn. on the popular character, iv, 507, 515
modern indifferentism, iv, 509
immorality, iv, 510
virtual anarchy, iv, 511
Inqn. independent, iv, 513
its predominance, iv, 516
statistics of its operations, iv, 517
intellectual isolation, iii, 411, 505; iv, 530
Spallacino, Domenico, burnt for personating priesthood, iv, 340
Spies on foreigners, iii, 467
domestic, iv, 138
Spiritual courts, conflicts of jurisdiction, i, 15, 493
limits of jurisdiction, i, 15, 497
their procedure, ii, 469, 470
on solicitation, iv, 97
Spiritual penance, iii, 131
Spiritual power, its supremacy, ii, 160
Spoliation in compositions, ii, 354, 355, 361
Spoils of refugees seized, ii, 337
Staging at autos de fe, iii, 212
Stake, the, iii, 183
Standard of fineness, i, 560
Standard of Inqn., iii, 215
Starvation of prisoners, iii, 153
Statistics of burnings, iv, 517
of torture, iii, 33
of offences and penalties, iii, 551
of Protestantism, iii, 426, 455, 461, 525
of solicitation, iv, 133
_Statutæ duplicatæ_, iii, 215
Statute of limpieza, ii, 290
Stephen VI on Jews, i, 81
Steward of tribunal, ii, 249
Stigmata, the, iv, 31, 85, 86, 92, 94
Stone-throwing at penitents, iii, 136
Stone-masons exclude Conversos, ii, 285
Strangulation before burning, i, 263; iii, 192-4
_Strappado_, iii, 19
Strauch, Bp. of Vieb, his murder, iv, 441
Stripping for torture, iii, 17
Suárez, Dr., insults the Inqn., iv, 431
_Subsidio_, iv, 494
Substitutes for confessional, iv, 96
for officials, ii, 222
Subvention to Suprema, ii, 441
Succession, law of, contest over, iv, 463
_Sueldo_, value of, i, 565
_barcelonense_, i, 565
Sugar perquisite of Suprema, ii, 195
Suicide in prison, ii, 522; iii, 85, 95, 197
Suitors seek jurisdiction of Inqn., iv, 379
Suits, civil, trial of, i, 270
_Sumaria_, ii, 486
submitted to Suprema, ii, 185
submitted to censors, ii. 263
_Summis desiderantes_, bull, iv, 207
Summons to spiritual judges, i, 494
Sumptuary disabilities, ii, 401, 403, 407; iii, 173, 174, 179
Sumptuary laws against Jews, i, 95
Sundays, autos celebrated on, iii, 212
observance of, iv, 502
Supereminence of Inqn., i, 351
_Super illius specula_, bull, iv, 181, 184
Support of family of prisoner, ii, 500
Suprema, the, founded, i, 173
number of members, i, 322
at first merely consultative, ii, 162
references to it discouraged, ii, 180
its appellate jurisdiction, i, 341, 356, 437; ii, 187, 188; iii, 95
growth of its power, ii, 163, 298
resents interference, ii, 278
becomes head of Inqn., ii, 166
acts without inq.-genl., ii. 167
its struggle with Inq.-genl. Mendoza, ii, 173
its authority assured by Philip V, ii,
its routine of voting, ii, 168, 178
its control over tribunals, ii, 179, 189
development of its supervision, ii, 181
routine in deciding cases, ii, 182
its scrutiny of reports, ii, 183
supervises arrests, ii, 184, 490
fixes rations of prisoners, ii, 531
controls sentences, ii, 184, 186
its labors, ii, 203
its delays, iii, 80
punishes officials, ii, 225
it orders suspensions, iii, 112
controls the holding of autos, iii, 211
insists on secrecy, ii, 476, 607
controls finances, ii, 190
supported by tribunals, ii, 192
audits accounts of tribunals, ii, 193
its income and outlay, ii, 201, 440; iv, 228
its pay-roll, ii, 191, 194, 196
increase of its wealth, ii, 369
its control of confiscations, i, 329
of fines and penances, i, 339; ii, 398
its control of commutations, ii, 409
absorbs the levy on the clergy, ii, 434
fees of its officials, ii, 200
its pluralist officials, ii, 418
its liberality, ii, 252
refreshments at bull-fights, ii, 198
negligent book-keeping, ii, 449
appointing power, i, 299, 301, 323, 324
its relations with crown, i, 322
countersigns royal cédulas, i, 291
assents to royal decrees, i, 325
evades royal decrees, i, 327
its royal jurisdiction, i, 345, 346, 513
struggle with Córtes of 1646, i, 459
its appeal in 1677, i, 463
argues away Concordias, i, 472, 474
complains of competencias, i, 491
admits excesses of tribunals, i, 488 497
prohibits abuses in 1705, i, 536
seeks to restrain familiars, ii, 275
defends Valencia familiars, i, 447, 449
denies right of asylum, i, 422, 423
forbids degrees to Conversos, ii, 287
action in witchcraft, iv, 216, 225
in bigamy cases, iv, 319
letter on Madrid insurrection, iv, 400
visited by Fernando VII, iv, 431
Supremacy of Inqn., i, 341, 357
Suppression of adverse memorials, iii, 532, 539
of the Valencia Concordia, i, 445
of canonries, ii, 426
of _libros verdes_, ii, 307
of witnesses' names, ii, 548; iii, 53
permissory at first, ii, 549
becomes the rule, ii, 550
its effect, ii, 552; iii, 64, 66
importance attached to it, ii, 551
offers for its abandonment, i, 217, 221, 222; ii, 550
in Portugal, iii, 257
Surgeon of Inqn., ii, 249
Surgery forbidden to clerics, iii, 184
Suspects, lists of, iv, 452
Suspension of trials, iii, 108
forbidden in trials of the dead, iii, 84
releases sequestration, ii, 501
of witch cases, iv, 238
Suspensive appeals, ii, 187
Suspicion, classification of, iii, 123
vehement, relapse in, iii, 203
extinguished by death, iii, 85
galley service for, iii, 142
engendered by Inqn., ii, 91, 100
Sylva, Diego de, on _limpieza_, ii, 299
Synagogues, existing ones permitted, i, 38, 81
houses used at, iii, 129
Taboada, Felipe Sobrino, his persecution, iv, 402
Taboada, Inq.-genl., does not serve, i, 316
_Tachas_, iii, 63
Tails attributed to Jews, iii, 291
Talaru, his fruitless efforts, iv, 451
Talavera, Hernando de, his Jewish blood, i, 120
accused by Lucero, i, 197, 204
his missionary labors, iii, 319
_Talio_, the, for false witness, ii, 556, 558, 559
_Taor_, iii, 329
_Tarascas_, iv, 503
Tarazona, tribunal of, i, 553
Bp. of, delegates his powers, ii, 13
Córtes of, accept Torquemada, i, 238
on export of horses, iv, 281
of 1592, iv, 269
Tardy confession, ii, 580
Tariffs rendered uniform, iv, 486
Taronji on Mallorquin New Christians, ii, 314
Tarragona, council of, on badges for Jews, i, 69
on Moorish observances, i, 71
on friendship with Jews, i, 75
on jurisdiction over heresy, ii, 8
tribunal of, i, 478, 553
punished for enforcing quarantine, i, 264
_Tassa_ of grain, iv, 479
_Tatti mammillari_, iv, 110
Tavera, his grants of ayuda de costa, ii, 254
tries to exclude Conversos, ii, 290
Tavern of Saragossa tribunal, i, 389
Tavira, Bp., on solicitation, iv, 136
Tax on confiscations, ii, 352
on accretion of church-property, iv, 489
Taxation, exemption from, i, 270, 376, 379, 380
burdens of, iv, 478
Tax-collectors, Jews as, i, 95, 98, 99
Tax-roll of Benedict XII, iv, 340
Taxes of Jews and Moors, i, 85, 125
of Penitentiary on _Marrania_, ii, 402
Teachers, penitents forbidden to be, iii, 176
Tello, Diego, on the Sabbat, iv, 240
Temporal jurisdiction, independence of, i, 490
its profits, i, 462, 468, 508; ii, 398
its evils, i, 510, 513
limited, i, 465, 515
Temporalities, seizure of, i, 469
Tenants ejected by tribunals, ii, 207
Tenderness for official delinquents, i, 369; ii, 451, 454
Tendilla, Count, rescues Ximenes, iii, 320
Teresa, St., her persecutions, iv, 16
Teresa de Silva, abbess of San Placido, ii, 134, 137
Term of Grace, ii, 320, 457
Terror of imprisonment, ii, 511
of Inqn., iv, 514
Tertullian on mystics, iv, 1
Teruel, expulsion of Jews, i, 132, 159
resistance to Inqn., i, 247
its tribunal, i, 553
belongs to Valencia, i, 444
public bath of, iii, 336
conversion of Moors of, iii, 345
_Testa ferrea_, iv, 505
Testimony presented by fiscal, ii, 491
in cases of _limpieza_, ii, 300
See also Evidence.
Tetuan, Christian Moriscos martyred, iii, 409
Theatre, censorship of, iii, 547
Theodorie tolerates Jews, i, 38
Theodosius II, his laws on Jews, i, 38
Theology, dangers of, iv, 150
trivialities of, iv, 171
mystic, superior to scholastic, iv, 5
Threat of torture, iii, 6
for non-performance of penance, iii, 104
Threatening of witnesses, ii, 552
Tigrekan, iv, 420
Time of Grace, ii, 320, 457
Time of Mercy, ii, 461
Time of making confession, ii, 580
Time and place suppressed in publication, iii, 54
Tithes paid by Jews, i, 86
and first-fruits of Moriscos, iii, 376
insecurity of, ii, 327, 339, 346
reduced one-half, iv, 440
burden of, iv, 480, 495
_Titulados_, i, 376
definition of, i, 491
_Titulo de jubilacion_, ii, 225
_Tizon de la nobleza_, ii, 298
Tobacco, use of, in churches, iv, 504
Tobacco revenue, frauds on, i, 425, 438
_Toca_, iii, 19
Toledo, Councils of, on Jews, i, 40
on heretic kings, i, 340
Muladíes dominant, i, 49
Moorish slaughter-house, i, 62
its chapter persecutes Jews, i, 94, 99
massacres of Jews, i, 88, 102, 108, 113
riots with Conversos, i, 126, 127
exclusion of Conversos, ii, 287, 290
its Huguenot colony, iii, 450
its convents, iv, 490
income of its Church, iv, 493
episcopal inquisitor in, i, 167
tribunal founded, i, 168, 553
it defies Rome, ii, 123
its activity, i, 169; iii, 81
its butcher-shop, i, 392
case of butcher, i, 491
case of D. Pedro Paniagua, i, 514
venality of its officials, ii, 306
amount of fines, ii, 399
amount of rehabilitations, ii, 403
financial mismanagement, ii, 438
its humanity, iii, 99
acquittals, iii, 107, 112
its prison, iii, 154, 155
_sanbenitos_ hung, iii, 167
diminished activity, iii, 226; iv, 388
statistics of, iii, 551; iv, 520, 523
solicitation, iv, 135
witch cases, iv, 223
Masonry, iv, 302
bigamy, iv, 318
Toleration, Moorish, i, 45
during the Reconquest, i, 52
in Middle Ages, i, 84, 87
prior to Reformation, iii, 481
replaced by fanaticism, iv, 499
vicissitudes in 19th century, iii, 315; iv, 469
Toletus, Card., on coerced baptism, iii, 349
on the Sabbat, iv, 220
Tomás Admiral of Castile, ii, 169, 172, 176, 178
Tomás of Vilanova, St., on clerical immunity, i, 428; iv, 498
on Moriscos, iii, 374
on disarmament, iii, 378
Tongue cut out for blasphemy, iv, 328
Tonsure, abuses of, i, 17, 428
Toro, victory at, in 1476, i, 19
laws of, on _ganancias_, ii, 334
on false witness, ii, 556
Toro, Bp. of Oviedo, case of, ii, 88; iv, 72
_Toros_, perquisitos of, ii, 197, 198
_Torpezas_, iv, 109
Torpor, intellectual, of Spain, iv, 528
Torquemada, Card., on the Sabbat, iv, 210
Torquemada, Tomás de, made Inq.-genl., i, 173
for kingdoms of Aragon, i, 236, 263
his Jewish blood, i, 120
urges expulsion of Jews, i, 132, 135
his edict on the expulsion, i, 137
urges Inquisition, i, 157
his character, i, 174
his quarrels with inqrs., i, 177
his death and sanctity, i, 179
his Instructions, i, 181, 571, 576
fixes age of discretion, ii, 3
his appellate power, ii, 6
seeks jurisdiction over bps., ii, 41
opposes papal briefs, ii, 110
defines the tribunal, ii, 209
qualifications of inqrs., ii, 234
excludes Conversos, ii, 286
stops Ferdinand's grants, ii, 374
on prosecution of the dead, iii, 82
orders the _sanbenito_, iii, 162
on disabilities of children, iii, 174
Torralba, Gaspar, case of, iii, 68
Torreblanca on pact with demon, iv, 188
on punishment of sorcery, iv, 198
on witchcraft, iv, 239
Torrejoncillos, P., his _Centinela_, iii, 290
Torres-Padmota, Nicolás de, ii, 170, 173
Torricella, his Consultas Morales, iv, 511
Torrubia, his book against Masonry, iv, 301
Tortosa, Council of, on Moorish observances, i, 71
tribunal of, i, 554
belongs to Valencia, i, 444
opposition to Inqn., i, 476, 478
episcopal edict of faith, ii, 8
_sanbenitos_ in churches, iii, 170
jurisdiction over sorcery, iv, 191
Torture, iii, 1
preliminaries of, iii, 4
conditions required, iii, 6
one witness justifies, ii, 562
to purge imperfect confession, ii, 575
on intention, ii, 576
as test of insanity, iii, 61
at discretion of judge, iii, 10, 22
of witnesses, iii, 11
no privileged exemptions, iii, 13
stopped at order of physician, iii, 16
varieties of, iii, 18
frequently overcome, iii, 23, 30
reports of, iii, 24
confession under, ii, 581
must be ratified, iii, 27
repetition for revocation, iii, 28
not alluded to in sentence, iii, 32
statistics of, iii, 33
its suppression, iii, 34
not used in sorcery, iv, 195
used in witch-trials, iv, 223, 232, 245
in unnatural crime, iv, 367
Torturer, difficulty of finding, i, 568
gaoler serves as, ii, 248
official, iii, 16
his fees, iii, 17, 32
bribery of, iii, 32
Tostado, Alfonso, on the Sabbat, iv, 209
Tovar, Bernardino de, iii, 416; iv, 9
Trade with Moors, i, 55
with Jews, i, 117, 122, 123
forbidden to officials, i, 270, 466, 534
frauds and offences in, i, 443
carried on by Inqn., i, 389
with Indies by Conversos, ii, 357
burdens on, iii, 511; iv, 479
Traders not to be made familiars, i, 535
ruined by sequestration, ii, 501
Trades forbidden to Jews, i, 117
to penitents, iii, 173
_Trampa_ and _trampazo_, iii, 20
Transactions prior to 1479, ii, 326
Transit of Conversos through Spain, iii, 271, 278, 303
Transfers of offices, ii, 212, 221
Transmission, hereditary, of offices, ii, 219
Transportation of Conversos forbidden, i, 184
_Trashumantes_, iv, 481
Travelling expenses reimbursed, ii, 254
privileges of officials, i, 395; ii, 206, 208
Treason, trials for, by Inqn., iv, 275
Treasure-seeking, iv, 196, 204
Treasurer of tribunal, ii, 250
Treaties as to foreign heretics, iii, 463-70
Trejo, Bp. of Murcia, prosecuted, i, 420
Trent, C. of, on occult heresy, ii, 19
favors Carranza, ii, 73
on non-residence, ii, 419
on celibacy, iv, 144, 337
on the Vulgate, iv, 151
on number of clergy, iv, 492
_Tres actos positivos_, ii, 307
Trial, the, iii, 36
conclusion of, iii, 53
delays, iii, 75
of absent and dead, iii, 80
cost paid by prisoner, ii, 533
Trials, records of, ii, 259
Triana, castle of, i, 162; ii, 207
inscription on, iv, 519
Tribunal, the, ii, 205
its organization, i, 231, 244; ii, 208
its buildings, ii, 230
its cost, i, 478, 479
its personnel, ii, 210, 232
Tribunals, list of, i, 541
establishment of, i, 166
multiplication of, ii, 205, 206
controlled by Suprema, ii, 179, 189
resist its encroachments, ii, 180
reports required from, ii, 183
become mere agencies, ii, 185, 186
funds controlled by Suprema, ii, 191
made to aid each other, ii, 193
their intercommunication, ii, 260
evasions respecting familiars, ii, 276
compile genealogies, ii, 288
expenses met by penances, ii, 394
subventions to Suprema, ii, 441
Tridentine Index, iii, 492, 528
_Trincheras_, iv, 303
_Triple Aliansa_, la, iv, 408
Trivial prosecutions, ii, 99; iv, 141
Troops, foreign heretic, iii, 475
Troppau, Congress of, iv, 444
Truxillo, clerical immunity in, i, 17
Tudela, tribunal of, i, 227, 554
Tudela penanced for harboring assassins, i, 254, 567, 610
Moors of, iii, 317
Tumult of Lackeys, iv, 390, 399
Turixi, Vicente, his fate, iii, 398
Turkey, refugee Jews in, i, 141
Morisco plots with, iii, 385
Tyrol, stigmata in, iv, 94
Tzevi, Zabathia, the false Messiah, iii, 303
Ubeda, slaughter of, i, 59
Uceds, Diego de, case of, iv, 139
Ucles, battle of, Jews in, i, 85
Ugolino, Giov., his mission, iii, 255
Uliff, his advice, i, 133
Ultramontanism, struggle with, iv, 292
its triumph, iv, 295
_Umbilicarii_, iv, 2
Unanimity, see _Discordia_
Uncanonized saints, iv, 355
jurisdiction over, conferred by Urban VIII, iv, 357
fictitious martyrs of Granada, iv, 357
Uniformity of procedure, iii, 37
Union with God, iv, 2, 8, 28, 63, 72, 74
Unity of faith, importance of, ii, 1
results of, iv, 477, 505, 534
_Universi Dominici Gregis_, bull, iv, 101, 102
Universities, limpieza required by, ii, 298, 313
attack the Jesuits, iii, 532
number of, iv, 485
University of Paris on pact with demon, iv, 185
Unnatural crime, iv, 361
in Spain, iv, 362
jurisdiction, only in Aragon, iv, 363
procedure secular, iv, 363, 366
in Sicily and Portugal, iv, 365
punishment, iv, 367
leniency to clerics, iv, 368
frequency, iv, 371
Unsalaried officials, ii, 263
seek exemption, i, 377, 382
jurisdiction over, i, 429
office-holders, ii, 223
Urban IV invalidates laws, i, 365
Urban V denounces Pedro the Cruel, i, 102
reserves cases of heresy, ii, 19
Urban VIII protects Mallorquin clergy, i, 499
objects to fines, ii, 400
revives brief of Sixtus IV, ii, 421
commutes relapse, iii, 261
annuls all licences, iii, 523
condemns the _regalistas_, iii, 537
on solicitation, iv, 101
on divination, iv, 244
on uncanonized saints, iv, 357
on reform of religious Orders, iv, 491
on tobacco in churches, iv, 504
Urgel, witchcraft in, iv, 211
Urquijo, Mariano Luis de, iii, 504, iv, 396
Urrea, Bp. Miguel de, a magician, iv, 180
Ursins, Princesse des, i, 317; ii, 176
Ursule de la Croix, case of, iii, 203
Usury, i, 95, 98; iv, 371
exorbitant in Middle Apes, i, 97
is heresy, iv, 372
struggle over it, i, 271, 285; iv, 373
jurisdiction abandoned, iv, 374
_Utensilio_, i, 399
Utility, general, iv, 378
Utrecht, treaty of, iii, 468, 470
Vaca, Licenciado, his visitation of Barcelona, i, 529
Vacancies occurring in Rome, ii, 429
Vacillation in confession, ii, 582
Val del Aguar, Moriscos massacred at, iii, 398
Val de Ricote, Moriscos expelled, iii, 404
Valcamonica, mystics of, iv, 46
Valdelamar, Alonso de, case of, iv, 97
Valdés, Inq.-genl., his Instructions, i, 182
condemns a book of Talavera, i, 204
forbids billeting troops, i, 396
on bandits as familiars, i, 453
limits Valencia familiars, ii, 276
his provisor as inqr., ii, 16
in danger of disgrace, ii, 46
resolves to prosecute Carranza, ii, 48
obtains power from Paul IV, ii, 61
wins over Philip, ii, 63
urges rupture with Rome, ii, 78
enforces limpieza, ii, 293
forbids prosecution for perjury, ii, 304
obtains canonries for Inqn., ii, 425
exploits discovery of Protestantism,
iii, 432, 433, 435
his letter of Sep. 9, 1558, iii, 566
his Index, iii, 486
his views on witchcraft, iv, 212
on clergy of Seville, iv, 497
his enforced resignation, i, 305; ii, 79
Valdés, Juan de, his heresies, ii, 53
on mysticism, iv, 14
Valençay, treaty of, iv, 419
Valencia, Council of, orders segregation, i, 77
massacre of 1391, i, 108, 111
complaints of confiscation, i, 236
_fuero_ as to confiscations, iii, 359
they revert to feudal lord, ii, 395
public supply of wheat, i, 388
military service of familiars, i, 412
factional strife, i, 449
chapter appeals to Rome, ii, 132
limits on torture, iii, 2
sanbenitos in cathedral, iii, 168, 170, 171
conversion of Moors, iii, 345, 353
treatment of baptized Moors, iii, 351
expulsion of Moors decreed, iii, 354
number of Moriscos, iii, 355
their disarmament, iii, 378
their expulsion, iii, 393
number of Frenchmen, iii, 457
but two Protestants in, iii, 472
adoration of Francisco Simon, iv, 356
rejoicings over Immaculate Conception, iv, 360
its _junta de fe_, iv, 460
Valencia, tribunal of, its treatment of Serra, i, 187
salaries in 1482, i, 231
opposition to Inqn., i, 232, 239, 242
Torquemada appointed for, i, 236
resistance suppressed, i, 240
oath to tribunal, i, 352
quarrel over precedence, i, 360
over market-place, i, 365
taxation of officials, i, 379
importation of wheat, i, 385
its salt-privilege, i, 394
billeting of troops, i, 399, 401
right to bear arms, i, 402
complaint of familiars, i, 407
right of asylum, i, 422, 423
extension of jurisdiction, i, 431
collection of debts, i, 434
struggles over the _fuero_, i, 439
Concordias, i, 440, 443
character of familiars, i, 447
refusal of competencies, i, 516
number of Edict of Faith, ii, 97
discourtesy punished, ii, 132
commissioners required, ii, 268
number of familiars, ii, 276
nobles as familiars, ii, 281
court of confiscations, ii, 330
composition for confiscation, ii, 353
cost of tribunal, ii, 210
its productiveness, ii, 367
saved from bankruptcy, ii, 375
struggle over confiscation, iii, 360
confiscation commuted, ii, 395
fines on familiars, ii, 398
its finances, ii, 435, 436, 439, 441, 443
composition for imperfect confession, ii, 460
cost of prisoners, ii, 533
revocation of confessions, ii, 584; iii, 129
the perpetual prison, iii, 153, 155, 158
trials for Judaism, iii, 235
two Jews arrive there, iii, 293
foreign Jews, iii, 313
persecution of Moriscos, iii, 358
suspension as to Moriscos, iii, 373
_visitas de navíos_, iii, 519
unnatural crime, iv, 362, 363, 371
tribunal supports Napoleon, iv, 400, 539
its resources in 1814, iv, 428
its register, iv, 458
statistics of trials, iii, 561; iv, 522
Valenzuela, Fernando de, iv, 476
Valera, Cipriano de, iii, 427, 447
Valero, Rodrigo de, case of, iii, 424
Valladares, Inq.-genl., i, 313
yields to Mallorquin Church, i, 503
on quarrels of regular Orders, ii, 39
on exile of New Christians, iii, 304
tries to reduce officials, ii, 215
Valladolid, Council of, on Jews, i, 73, 74
child-murder at, i, 149
chapter of, appeals to Rome, ii, 160
Univ. of, enforces limpieza, ii, 287
Valladolid, its tribunal, i, 171, 554
royal oath at auto, i, 353
Carranza's imprisonment, ii, 66
omission of Edict of Faith, ii, 98
quarrel over house, ii, 208
list of officials, ii, 210
Protestants of, iii, 429
auto of May 21, 1559, iii, 130, 437
of Oct. 8, 1559, iii, 441
case of Luisa de Carrion, iv, 37
of Luis de Leon, iv, 148
resumes in 1816, iv, 429
statistics, iv, 522
Van Halen, Juan de, his Memoirs, iv, 306
_Vara_ of alguazil, sale of, ii, 213
Vargas, Alonso, iv, 263, 264
Varieties of torture, iii, 18
_Vario_, ii, 582
Vassalage of Moriscos, iii, 342, 377
Vatable Bible, the, iv, 151
Vedreña, Miguel, his appeal to Rome, ii, 120
Vega, Juan de la, case of, iv, 76
Velada, Marquis of, on Moriscos, iii, 390
Vélez, Archbp., iv, 297, 409, 410, 413, 441
Velez, los, Marquis of, on familiars, i, 446
Vellon coinage, i, 562; ii, 197; iv. 482
Venality of the curia, ii, 104; iii, 252
Veneration, diminution of, iv, 391
Venice, licences to trade with Moslems, i, 56
galley-service in, iii, 142
powers of nuncio in, iii, 186
Portuguese refugees in, iii, 254
writings in its favor suppressed, iii, 542
Vera, Lope de, case of, iii, 294
Vergara, Juan de, case of, iii, 416
_Verqüenza_, iii, 138, 219
Verona decree admits no exemptions, ii, 30
Congress of, iv, 444
Vibero, Leonor de, iii, 130, 430, 437
Vicalvero, tax-exemption in, i, 382
Vicente Ferrer, St., i, 112, 116
Vicente, Gregorio de, case of, iv, 312
Viceroys, circular letter to, i, 354
visits not to be paid to, i, 357
precedence claimed over, i, 358
of Majorca, i, 268; iv, 512
Vich, Pablo, Bp. of, his contumacy, iv, 457
Vicissitudes of Spain, iv, 472
Vidal Marin, Inq.-genl., i, 302, 314
exhorted by Clement XI, ii, 178
his Index, iii, 495
Vidau Durango, i, 251, 596
Vieira, Ant., S. J., opposes confiscation, iii, 282
champions New Christians, iii, 284
Vienne Council of, in 1312, its influence, i, 71
its rules, ii, 5
condemns Begghards, iv, 2
on usury, iv, 372
_Vientres_, perquisite of, i, 532
Villacis, Pedro de, prosecuted, i, 294
manages composition of Seville, ii, 358
opposes waste of confiscations, ii, 383
Villahermosa, Duke of, iv, 261, 264, 265, 266
Villalba, Fran, de, prosecuted, iii, 420
Villalpando, Juan de, case of, iv, 34
Villanueva, Gerónimo, case of, ii, 133
his sentence, ii, 142
appeals to Rome, ii, 145
his death, ii, 156
struggle over the papers, ii, 157
effect of his sentence, ii, 311
Villanueva, Lorenzo, on suppression of Bible, iii, 529
his reply to Grégoire, iv, 398
his speech against Inqn., iv, 413
his imprisonment, iv, 423
sent as envoy to Rome, iv, 441
Villar, Count of, excommunicated, i, 358
Villaroja, Eusebio, case of, iv, 77
Villela, holy bell of, i, 251
Villena, Marquis of, a mystic, iv, 8
_Vinculaciones_, iv, 443
Vinegas, Fray Diego, case of, i, 371
Vintras, Pierre-Michel, iv, 94
Violant, Queen, on massacre at Palma, i, 109
_Violario_, ii, 343
Violation of compositions, ii, 354
of secrecy, ii, 476
Virgin, denial of her virginity, iii, 201
Immaculate Conception, iv, 175, 359
irreverence to images, iv, 352, 354
Virués, Alonso de, ii, 127; iii, 418
Visions, doubtful source of, iv, 4
_Visitas de navíos_, iii, 311, 314, 474, 510, 519; iv, 432
_Visitador_, ii, 227
Visitations of tribunals, i, 369, 442, 468, 528; ii, 181, 227
Visitation of districts, ii, 238
Edicts of Faith in, ii, 97
repugnance for, ii, 240
renewal of _sanbenitos_, iii, 169
Visits of inqrs. regulated, i, 357
Vivés, Juan Luis, on enforced silence, iv, 515
_Vocandorum, libros_, ii, 260
Vote, the last, of Suprema, iv, 542
Voting in consulta de fe, iii, 73, 75
in Suprema, ii, 168, 178
Voto de Santiago, iv, 413
_Vuelta de trampa_, iii, 20
Vulgate, authority of the, iv, 151
Wafers, consecrated, insults to, iv, 355
Wager of law, iii, 113
Wages of servants paid, ii, 329, 330, 332
Wamba banishes the Jews, i, 43
War, munitions of, their export, iv, 281
of Succession, Inqn. in, iv, 275
War-ships subjected to visits, iii, 512
Washing as evidence, ii, 566
Waste of confiscations, ii, 364
Water torture, iii, 19
Wax perquisite of Suprema, ii, 195
Wealth a source of danger, ii, 385
fines proportioned to, ii, 396
of Church, iv, 488, 493, 495
of Portuguese New Christians, iii, 268
Weapons, prohibited, i, 402, 404
Wergild of Jews and Moors, i, 61
Wheat, importation of, i, 385
requisition of, i, 393
Wheel of Beda, iv, 195
Widow holds office as dowry, ii, 221
of officials and familiars, i, 444, 445
Wife, dowry of Catholic, ii, 325
as witness against husband, ii, 537
of officials, qualifications of, ii, 251, 296
Windows, overlooking, closed, ii, 472
overlooking autos, iii, 213
Wine, trouble over, in Saragossa, i, 389
Wisigothic laws on Jews, i, 40
on sorcery, iv, 179
Wisigoths, conversion of, i, 39
Witchcraft, cases referred to Suprema, ii, 180
character and causes, iv, 206
development, iv, 207
the Sabbat, iv, 208
congregation of 1526, iv, 212
caution ordered, iv, 216
enlightened instructions, iv, 219
zeal restrained, iv, 221
Logrofio auto of 1610, iv, 225
Salazar's report, iv, 231
instructions of 1614, iv, 235
treated as illusion, iv, 238
cases become rare, iv, 241
in Roman Inqn., iv, 242
treatment throughout Europe, iv, 246
Witch-crazes, their cause, iv, 234
Witches reputed as insane, iii, 58
Witiza favors Jews, i, 44
Witnesses in mixed suits, i, 72
their perjury, i, 223; ii, 554
against familiars, i, 447
clerical, episcopal licence for, i, 491
protection of, i, 368; ii, 542, 549, 551
familiars as, i, 492
as to _limpieza_, ii, 301
their examination, ii, 466, 479, 541
sworn to secrecy, ii, 473
in secular law, ii, 535
presumed to be legal, ii, 536
for the defence, ii, 539; iii, 67
compelled to testify, ii, 540
suppression of their names, iii, 53, 64, 66, 548; iv. 106
offers respecting, i, 217, 221, 222; ii, 550
in Portugal, iii, 242, 257
number required, ii, 561, 562
_de visu_ and _de oidas_, ii, 564
single, suffices for torture, iii, 9
torture of, iii, 11
disabled for enmity, iii, 64, 68
in solicitation, iv, 120, 123
enmity disregarded, iv, 156
can revoke in witchcraft, iv, 235
not to be investigated, iv, 261
Women exempt from galleys, iii, 140
service in hospitals as penance, iii, 145
prisoners, ii, 523, 525, 526
stripped for torture, iii, 17
monkish abuse of, iv, 120
burning of, in England, iv, 526
Wood, indulgences for contributing, iii, 184
Work, hours of, not observed, ii, 226
Workmen entitled to _fuero_, i, 434
Works, external, rejected by mystics, iv, 3, 8, 28, 50
Writing materials for prisoners, ii, 517
Writings, licence to keep, iii, 489
Xavier, St. Francis, urges colonial Inqn., iii, 260
Xavierr, Cardinal, on Morisco expulsion, iii, 392
Xea, Moriscos of, prosecuted, iii, 375
Xelder, Juan, arrested by impostor, iv, 346
Xeres, battle of, i, 44
complaint of arrest at, i, 185
tribunal of, i, 555
claims on fugitive heretics, ii, 329
Ximenes, Catalina, case of, ii, 347
Ximenes, Cardinal, his purchase of preferment, i, 13
Inq.-genl., of Castile, i, 180, 205
power of dismissal confirmed, i, 178
attempts reform, i, 215
his alhondiga at Toledo, i, 388
appoints president of Suprema, ii, 164
restrains familiars, ii, 274
no discrimination against Conversos, ii, 287
claims share of confiscations, ii, 320
his financial reforms, ii, 366
checks grants from confiscations, ii, 380
abolishes receivers of penances, ii, 391
reserves commutations, ii, 409
reforms office of receiver, ii, 446
on suppression of witnesses' names, ii, 550
allows prisoners to live at home, iii, 152
prison must be perpetual, iii, 159
forbids discretional sentences, iii, 160
defines the sanbenito, iii, 163
his conversion of Granada, iii, 320
orders instruction of Moriscos, iii, 327
on seduction of female prisoners, ii, 523
favors the Beata de Piedrahita, iv, 7
fate of his MSS., iv, 530
Ximenez de Reynoso on Moriscos, iii, 389
Ximeno, Cristóbal, case of, iv, 116
_Xorguina_, iv, 210
Yáñez, Alvar, case of, i, 25
_Yantar_, i, 395
Youth as a defence, iii, 58
Youth liable to confiscation, ii, 321
to torture, iii, 14
to scourging, iii, 137
to reconciliation, iii, 150, 206
to prison, iii, 161
to disabilities, iii, 174
Zacharie, Jacques, case of, iii, 458
Zafar y Ribera, case of, ii, 579
Zafra, Francisco de, case of, iii, 427, 444
_Zahori_, iv, 187, 196
_Zala_, iii, 329
Zalaca, Jews in battle of, i, 85
_Zamarra_, iii, 163
_Zambras_ and _leilas_, iii, 329, 335
Zamora, Council of, on Jews, i, 69, 72
struggle over canonry, ii, 417
Zapata, Inq.-genl., his resignation, i, 309
Concordia of, i, 474
Index of, iii, 495
Zapata, Garcia de, case of, ii, 2
Zapata, Melchor, his jubilation, ii, 225
Zaportas. Salomon and Bale, iii, 293
_Zaragüelles_, iii, 17
_Zarza, compañia de la_, iii, 216, 219, 228
Zayas, Josef de, his prosecution, iv, 429
_Zelatores fidei_ as witnesses, ii, 540
_Zofras_, iii, 376
Zumarraga, Juan de, persecutes witches, iv, 215
Zuñiga, Juan de, seizes Jean de Berri, ii, 130
Zuñiga, Inq.-genl., his death, i, 306
Zurita, Gerónimo, on papal jurisdiction, ii, 131
as auditor of Suprema, ii, 194
reclaims early records, ii, 258
audits Sicilian accounts, ii, 367
accounts of fines and penances, ii, 392
his petition, ii, 194, 592
his statistics as to Seville, iv, 519
Zurita, Dr., his reception at Castellon, ii, 239
tenderness shown to him, i, 369, 530
his arrests of Frenchmen, iii, 458
Zurbano, president of Suprema, ii, 164
_Zurra de rueda_, iii, 181
FOOTNOTES:
[1] I have considered this subject at greater length in "Chapters from
the Religious History of Spain," but the views there expressed have
been somewhat modified by access to additional documents.
[2] II. Corinth. xii, 2-4.
[3] Est hodie soror apud nos revelationum charismata sortita quas in
ecclesia inter Dominica solemnia per ecstasin in spiritu patitur;
conversatur cum angelis, aliquando etiam cum Domino, et vidit et audit
sacramenta et quorumdam corda dignoscit et medicinas desiderantibus
submittit.--De Anima, cap. ix.
[4] Rufini Aquileiensis Historia Monachorum, _passim_.--Vitæ Patrum,
Lib. III, c. 141.
[5] Chapeavilli Gestt. Pontiff. Leodiens., II, 256-7.
[6] Treatises of Richard Rolle, VIII, pp. 14-15 (Early English Text
Society).
[7] Basnage in Canisii Thes. Monum. Ecclesiæ, IV, 366-7.
[8] Johann. PP. XXII, Bull. _In agro dominico_ (Ripoll. Bullar. Ord.
Prædic. VII, 57).
[9] S. Cypriani Epist. iv ad Pomponium.--Concil. Antioch. (Harduin
Concil. I, 198).--Lactant. Divin. Institt. VI, xix.
This test of continence was tried by St. Aldhelm (Girald. Cambrens.
Gemm. Eccles., Dist. II, cap. xv) and was practised by the followers of
Segarelli and Dolcino (Bern. Guidonis Practica, Ed. Douais, p. 260).
[10] Clementin. Lib. V, Tit. iii, cap. 3.
[11] Abecedario spiritual, P. III, Trat. xiii, cap. 3, fol. 122
(Burgos, 1544).
[12] Subida del Monte Carmelo, III, 38.
[13] De la Oracion y Meditacion, II, ii.
[14] De Oratione et Meditatione, cap. lv.--Cf. S. Pedro de Alcántara,
De la Oracion II, iv.
[15] Archivo de Simancas, Sala 40, Lib. IV, fol. 231(see Vol. III, p.
570).
[16] R. S. Victor Benjaminis Minoris, c. lxxxi.--S. Th. Aquin. Summæ
Sec., Sec. Q. clxxv, Art. 1.
[17] Joh. Gersoni. Tract. de Distinct. verar. Visionum a falsis (Opp.
Ed. 1494, T. I, xix. L).
[18] B. Juan de Avila, Audi Filia et vide, cap. li-lv.
[19] Arbiol, Disengaños misticos, Lib. III, cap. xv (1707).
[20] Amort de Revelationibus etc. P. I, pp. 259-68 (Aug. Vindel. 1744).
[21] Abecedario spiritual, P. III, Trat. vi, cap. 2, fol. 52.--Cf.
Molinos, Guida, Lib III, cap. xvii, n. 163-4.
[22] Melgares Marin, Procedimientos de la Inquisicion, II, 88(Madrid,
1886).
[23] Proceso contra Hieron. de la M. de Dios (MSS. of Library of Univ.
of Halle, Yc, 20, T. VII).
[24] Eymerici Director. P. II, Q. ix, n. 5.--Repertor. Inquisit. s. vv
_Beatæ_, _Begardæ_, _Beguinæ_, _Hæresis_, _Hæretici_, etc.
[25] Abecedario spiritual, P. III, Trat. xxi, cap. 4, fol.
204.--Menendez y Pelayo, Heterodoxos, II, 526.
[26] Pet. Mart. Angler. Epistt. 428, 431.
[27] D. Manuel Serrano y Sans (Revista de Archivos etc., Enero, 1903,
p. 2).
[28] See the trial of Alcaraz, epitomized by D. Manuel Serrano y Sana,
in the Revista de Archivos, Enero, 1903, pp. 1-16; Febrero, pp. 127,
130 sqq.
[29] S. Bonaventuræ de Puritate Conscientiæ, cap. 14.
[30] Don M. Serrano y Sans has published (Boletín, XLI, 105-37) the
principal features and documents of this trial. He states that much of
the testimony is utterly unfit for transcription.
[31] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. III, fol. 133.
[32] This account of Francisco Ortiz is derived from the skilful
analysis of his trial by Eduard Böhmer in his "_Franzisca Hernandez und
Frai Franzisco Ortiz_" (Leipzig, 1865).
[33] Melgares Marin, Procedimientos de la Inquisicion, II, 94-5.
[34] Juan and María were uncle and aunt of the Cazallas who suffered
for Protestantism.
[35] Melgares Marin, _op. cit._, II, 74-88.
[36] Ibidem, pp. 147-53.
[37] Archivo, hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. III, u. 46.--Cf.
Schäfer, II, 119.
[38] MS. _penes me_.
[39] Diálogo de Mercurio y Caron, cap. lxv.
[40] So much has been said about this prosecution of Loyola that Padre
Fidel Fita has performed a service in printing the documents of the
case in the Boletin, XXXIII, 431-57.
[41] Caballero, Vida de Melchor Cano, pp. 549-50, 557-9, 568-9, 572-7,
582-3, 592-3, 598, 601.
[42] Salazar de Mendoza, Vida de Carranza, cap. xxxiii.
The first of these undoubtedly is found in the Comentarios (P. III,
Obra iii, cap. 3), but it was perfectly admissible doctrine at the
period. Aspilcueta, who was no mystic, tells us, in 1577, that prayer
is worthless unless uttered in lively faith and ardent charity;
innumerable priests are consigned to purgatory or to hell on account
of their prayers, each one of which is at least a venial sin.--De
Oratione, cap. viii.
It illustrates the progress of the movement against mysticism that the
Index of Zapata, in 1632 (p. 980) orders a passage in Don Quixote to be
_borrado_ in which this is expressed much less offensively--"Las obras
de Charidad que se hasen tibia y floxamente no tienen merito ni valen
nada."
[43] Reusch, Die Indices, pp. 237, 438.
[44] V. de la Fuente, Escritos de S. Teresa, I, 3-4, 557; II, 439-40,
557, 568, 571.--Index of Sotomayor, 1640, p. 529.--Indice Ultimo, p.
118.
[45] José de Jesus María, Vida de San Juan de la Cruz (Escritos de S.
Teresa, II, 511-14).
[46] Index of Sandoval, 1612, p. 379 (Ed. Genevæ, 1620).
[47] Reusch, Die Indices, p. 224.
[48] Caballero, Vida de Melchor Cano, p. 597.--Barrantes, Aparato para
la Historia de Extremadura, II, 346-7.--Giovanni da Capugnano, Vida
del P. Luigi Granata.--Theiner, Annal. Eccles., III, 361.--Palafox y
Mendoza, Obras, VII, 65.
[49] Alfonso Rodríguez, Ejercicio de la Perfeccion, P. I, Trat. v, cap.
7, 12.
[50] Ribadeneira, Vit. S. Ig. Loyolæ, Lib. v, cap. 10.
[51] Alegambe, Bibl. Scriptt. Soc. Jesu, p. 136.--Nieremberg, Honor del
Gran Patriarca San Ignacio, p. 513.--L. de la Puente, Guia Spirituale,
P. II, Trat. 1, cap. 15, n. 3; cap. 18, n. 2 (Roma, 1628).--De Backer,
III, 639-53.
[52] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 76, fol. 343.
[53] Caballero, _op. cit._, p. 526.--Cf p. 359.
[54] Fray Alonso's Memorial, from which the subsequent details are
drawn, has been printed by Don Miguel Mir in the _Revista de Archivas_
for Aug.-Sept., 1903; Jan., 1904; Aug.-Sept., 1904; June, 1905; July,
1905; and Aug.-Sept., 1905.
[55] Barrantes, Aparato para la Historia de Extremadura, II, 332-47.
[56] Biblioteca nacional, MSS., S. 151, fol. 54-67.--Barrantes,
_op. cit._, II, 329, 347-57.--Miscelanea de Zapata (Memorial hist.
español, XI, 75).--Cipriano de Valera, Dos Tratados (Reformistas antig.
españoles, p. 272).--Dorado, Compendio histórico de Salamanca, p. 423.
In 1576 Alonso González Carmena was tried at Toledo for saying that
the only object of the Inquisition was to get money, and instancing
a wealthy damsel of Llerena recently arrested as an Alumbrado. He
probably considered his assertions verified by having to pay a fine of
4000 maravedís, in addition to six months' exile.--MSS. of Library of
Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[57] Páramo, p. 302.
[58] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 108; Lib 979, fol.
30.--The details of the Edict are derived from a copy published in
Mexico, July 17, 1579, which I owe to the kindness of the late General
Don Riva Palacio. In the Edict published at the opening of the Mexican
Inquisition, Nov. 3, 1571, there is no allusion to the subject. See
Appendix to Vol. II, p. 587.
[59] Páramo, pp. 302, 681-2, 688-9, 854.
[60] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[61] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. VII.
[62] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 1.
[63] Mística Teología, Lib. II, cap. 1, 4, 5, 6.
[64] Menéndez y Pelayo, II, 547-8.--MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch S,
130.
[65] Barrantes, Aparato, II, 363.
[66] Barrantes, _op. cit._, II, 364-70. Thia copy is somewhat
imperfect; a better one is in the Bibliothèque nationale, fonds Dupuy,
673, fol. 181.
Malvasia (Cathologus omnium Hæresum et Conciliorum, Romæ, 1661, p. 269)
gives a list of fifty Illuminist errors from this edict of Pacheco. Cf.
Bernino, Historia di tutte l'Heresie, IV, 613 (Venezia, 1717).
[67] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 927, fol. 475.
This bold protest seems to have called attention to Portocarrero's
ability for, in 1624, we find him appointed Inquisitor of Majorca
and writing a book in defence of the Inquisition against the royal
jurisdiction.
[68] Barrantes, _op. cit._, II, 363, 371-2.
[69] MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch S, 130.
[70] MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch Seld. A., Subt. 11; Arch Seld. 130.
[71] Llorente, Hist. crit., cap. xxxviii, n. 5.--Llorente's statement
is confirmed by the account in Bernino's _Historia di tutte l'Heresie_,
IV, 613. See also Terzago, Theologia historico-mystica, p. 6 (Venetiis,
1764).
[72] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. xxi.
[73] Cartas de Jesuitas (Mem. hist. español, XIII, 122, 150-62, 165,
173, 175, 177-80, 184, 205-7, 214, 222, 245, 267, 324, 435, 528, 543,
547; XIV, 12, 21, 47; XV, 80; XIX, 383).--Pellicer, Avisos históricos
(Semanario erúdito, XXXIII, 99, 168).--Index of Vidal Marin, 1707,
II, 19.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 1, n. 6, fol.
591.--Decret. authent. Sacræ Congr. Indulgentt. n. 4, 14.
[74] Vida, pp. 6, 10, 275 (Ed. 1784).
[75] Various biographies of her have been written by Moran de Butron,
Pietro del Spirito Santo, P. Gijon y Leon, P. Gius. Boero and Juan del
Castillo, of some of which repeated editions have appeared.
[76] Pellicer, Avisos históricos (Semanario erúdito, XXXIII, 171).
[77] Ochoa, Epistolario español, II, 81.
[78] Vita Yen. Mariæ de Agreda, §§ 4, 6, 8, 13, 38.--Præfat. ad Lib. I,
Vitæ B. Virginis.
[79] Archivo de Simancas, Inq. Leg. 1465, fol. 101.--Index Libb.
prohib. Innoc. PP. XI, p. 167; Append. p. 41.--Reusch, Der Index,
II, 253.--Mendham, Literary Policy of the Church of Rome, pp. 272-4
(London, 1830).--Phelippeaux, Relation de l'Origine etc. du Quietisme,
I, 178-83 (s. l. 1732).
[80] D'Argentré, Collect. Judic. de novis Erroribus, III, I, 156.
[81] Analecta Franciscana, I, 92.--Reusch, Der Index, II, 256.--Amort
de Revelationibus, P. II, p. 226.
[82] Index Clementis PP. XI, p. 292.--Index Bened. PP. XIV, 1744, p.
313. It is significant of the resultant dubious position of the books
that Caetano Marcecales, in his _Enchiridium mysticum_ (Veronæ, 1766),
while giving two lists of mystic works, one permitted and the other
prohibited, wholly omits the writings of María de Agreda.
[83] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.--Biblioteca
Casanatense, MS. X. v, 27, fol. 235.
[84] Bordoni Sacrum Tribunal Judicum, p. 508 (Romæ, 1648).--Ign. Lupi
Bergomens. Nova Lux in Edictum S. Inquisit. (Bergomi, 1648).
[85] Reusch, Der Index, II, 610-11.
[86] Scaglia, Prattica per le cause del Sant' Officio, cap. 25 (MS.
_penes me_). There are copies in the Bibliothèque nationale, fonds
italien, 139; in the Royal Library of Munich, Cod. Ital. 598, and in
the Municipal Library of Piacenza.
[87] Bernino, Historia di tutte l'Heresie, IV, 712 (Venezia, 1717.)
[88] Royal Library of Munich, Cod. Ital. 185, pp. 1-7.--Library of the
Seminario della Curia arcivescovile di Firenze, Chiese, Spogli, Vol. I,
pp. 407 aqq.--[Modesto Rastrelli] Fatti attinenti all' Inquisizione,
pp. 173-77 (Venezia, 1782).--Cf. Cantù, Eretici d'Italia, III, 336.
[89] Biblioteca del R. Archivio di Stato in Roma, Miscellanea
MS., pp. 577-630.--Royal Library of Munich, Cod. Itat. 185,
pp. 13-26.--L'Ambasciata di Romolo a Romani, p. 689 (Colon.
1676).--Collect. Decret. S. Congr. S. Officii, p. 7 (MS. _penes
me_).--Cantù, _op. cit._, III, 330.
[90] MSS. of Ambrosian Library of Milan, H, S, VI, 29, fol. 140.
[91] Bernino, Historia di tutte l'Heresie, IV, 722-6.--MSS. of
Ambrosian Library, H, S, VI, 29, fol. 14. This latter is a considerable
body of documents from which are derived the facts that follow.
[92] Ambrosian MSS. _ubi sup._ fol. 111, 113, 117, 119, 121, 135, 137,
138.
[93] Ibidem, fol. 58, 61, 66, 80, 83, 86.
[94] Ambrosian MSS. _ubi sup._, fol. 18, 22, 24, 34, 38, 39, 40, 41,
42, 43, 44, 45, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 61, 81, 91.
[95] Ibidem, fol. 44, 54, 66, 81.
[96] Ambrosian MSS. _ubi sup._, fol. 65, 82, 113, 117, 119.
[97] Guida spirituale, Lib. I, n. 128.--"Non parlando, non pensando,
non desiderando, si giunge al perfetto silenzio mistico, nel quale
Iddio parla con l'anima e a lei si communica e le insegna nel più
intimo fondo la più perfetta e alta sapienza."
Cf. Osuna, Abecedario spiritual, P. III, Trat. xxi, Cap. 3, fol.
203.--Santa Teresa, Libro de las Revelaciones.--San Juan de la Cruz,
Subida del Monte Carmelo, II, vii.
[98] Guida, Lib. I, n. 68-70.
[99] Guida, Lib. III, n. 3, 40.
[100] Biblioteca Casanatense, MS. X, v, 27, fol. 231 sqq.
[101] Reusch, Der Index, II, 612-14. Of these controversial works I
have been able to examine only Segneri's _Lettera_ and the _Clavis
Aurea_. The chief impression made by these polemics is the elusiveness
of these mystic dreams when an attempt is made at rigid definition and
differentiation.
[102] Biblioteca Casanatense, MS. X, IV, 39, fol. 19sqq.
[103] Bernino, _op. cit._, IV, 726.
[104] Biblioteca Casanatense, MSS. X, VII, 46, fol. 289 sqq. This is
an account of the affair by one evidently in position to have accurate
knowledge of details.
[105] Archivo histórico nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Legajo 1, n. 4,
fol. 164.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Legajo 1465, fol. 101.
[106] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Legajo 12, n. 1, fol.
106.
[107] Trois lettres touchant l'Etat present d'Italie, pp. 90-120
(Cologne, 1688)
These nineteen errors are here printed with their confutations, but
without indication of date or of the authority under which they
were prepared. They are also contained, with a different series of
confutations, in the mass of papers concerning the Pelagini, in the
Ambrosian Library, H, S., VI, 29, fol. 28.
This also contains (fol. 30) a series of instructions for detecting
the Quietist heresy, consisting of a list of forty-three errors. Some
of these set forth so concisely the leading tenets ascribed, with
tolerable accuracy, to the Quietists, that they are worth presenting
here.
21. They seek to annihilate the memory, the intellect and the will; to
remember nothing, to understand nothing, to desire nothing, and they
say that when they have thus emptied themselves they are refilled by
God.
22. They say that God operates in their souls without coöperation; that
their spirit is identified with God, so that they are purely passive,
surrendering their freewill to God who takes possession of it.
23. Thus such souls are preserved from even venial sins of advertence
and, if they commit some inadvertently they are not imputed.
24. Also some proceed to claim impeccability, because they cannot sin
when God operates in them without their participation.
25. If these souls commit sinful acts, they say it is through the
violence of the demon, with the permission of God, for their torment
and purgation.
28. Examination of conscience to ascertain if there has been consent to
such acts is not expedient, for it distracts introversion and disturbs
the quiet of the soul.
[108] Bibl. Casanatense MSS., X, VII, 45, fol. 289.
I cannot but regard this as a truthful report. It accords with the
briefer abstract in the final sentence, which distinguishes between
the articles proved by witnesses and denied by Molinos and those which
he admitted. Reusch (Der Index, II, 617-18) states that the sentence
has been printed in the _Analecta Juris Pontificii_, 6, 1653, and
in the Appendix to Francke's translation of the _Guida Spirituale_,
published in 1687. I have a copy from the Royal Library of Munich,
Cod. Ital. 185, and there is one in the Bibliothèque nationale, fonds
italien, 138, which also contains the 263 articles drawn from his
correspondence, with his answers.
[109] D'Argentré, Collect. judic. de novis Erroribus, III, II, 357-62.
[110] The account of the atto di fede is derived from the MS.
Casanatense, X, VII, 45, and a relation printed by Laemmer,
_Meletematum Romanorum Mantissa_, pp. 407 sqq., who also prints (pp.
412-22) the sentence of Pedro Peña.
The contemporary printed sources of the whole affair are _Trois Lettres
touchant l'Etat present d'Italie_, Cologne, 1688; _Recueil de diverses
pièces concernant le Quietisme et les Quietistes_, Amsterdam, 1688,
and Bernino, _Historia di tutte l'Heresie_, IV, 711 sqq. The concise
account by Reusch (_Der Index_, II, 611 sqq.) is written with his
accustomed thoroughness and careful use of all accessible sources.
John Bigelow's "Molinos the Quietist" (New York, 1882) is a popular
narrative which rejects the charges of immorality. See also Heppe,
_Geschichte der quietistischen Mystik_, pp. 110 sqq., 260 sqq. (Berlin,
1875).
[111] Innocentii PP. XI, Bull. _Coelestis Pastor_ (Bullar. X, 212).
[112] Reusch, Der Index, II, 618.--Index Innoc. XI, Append, pp. 7, 28,
45, 47 (Romæ, 1702).
[113] MSS. of Ambrosian Library, H. S. VI, 29, fol. 67 sqq.
[114] Bernino, _op. cit._, IV, 727-8.
[115] Royal Library of Munich, Cod. Ital. 209, fol. 67 sqq.--Cf.
Phelippeaux, Relation du Quietisme, II, 117, 154.
[116] Laemmer, _op. cit._, p. 427.--Heppe, Geschichte der
quietistischen Mystik, p. 445.
[117] Mongitore, L'Atto pubblico di Fede celebrato à 6 Aprile, 1724
(Palermo 1724).
[118] See the extracts from S. François de Sales collected by Fénelon,
in his Fifth Letter.--OEuvres, II, 95-98 (Paris, 1838).
[119] Noack, Die christliche Mystic, II, 236 (Königsberg, 1853).
[120] Heppe, _op. cit._, p. 88.
[121] Abomination des Abominations des fausses Devotions de ce Tems
divisées, en Trois, la premiere des Illuminez; la seconde des nouveaux
Adamites; la troisieme des Spirituels à la mode, p. 88 (Paris, 1632).
[122] Bossuet, who read her autobiography in MS. tells us of this
tympanitic condition and the splitting of her garments (De Quietismo,
_ap._ Laemmer, _op. cit._, p. 423). In the printed life, this special
feature is omitted, but the passage has every appearance of curtailment
(II, 33, cf. 234; III, 9).
[123] Bossuet's side in this controversy is elaborately set forth in
Phelippeaux's posthumous "Relation de l'Origine, du Progrès et de la
Condemnation du Quiétisme," 2 vols., 1732 (_s. l._). Also in Bossuet's
"Relation sur le Quiétisme" and subsequent controversial writings,
Paris, 1698. Madame Guyon's statements are contained in "La Vie de
Madame J. M. B. de la Mothe Guion, écrite por Elle-même," 3 vols.
Cologne, 1720. She is defended in the "Lettres de M. xxx (Abbé de la
Blatterie) à un Ami au sujet de la Relation du Quiétisme," 1733 (_s.
l._). Fénelon's writings on the subject are in his _OEuvres_, T. II,
Paris, 1838.
Comprehensive accounts may be found in Matter, "Le Mysticisme en
France au temps de Fénelon," Paris, 1865 and Heppe, "Geschichte der
quietistischen Mystik in der katholischen Kirche," Berlin, 1865.
[124] Compendio de la asombrosa Vida del gran Siervo de Dios, Fr. Juan
Joseph de la Cruz, pp. 276 sqq. (Madrid, 1790).
[125] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 1, n. 4, fol. 164.
[126] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. V, fol. 103; Lib. III de
copias, fol. 703, 704.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg.
12, n. 4, fol. 124.
[127] MSS. of Archivo municipal de Sevilla, Seccion especial, Siglo
XVIII, Letra A, Tomo IV, n. 48-49.--These are relations of the auto,
one of which I have printed in "Chapters from the Religious History of
Spain."
[128] Relacion hist. de la Judería de Sevilla, pp. 99-103.
[129] Archivo municipal de Sevilla, _loc. cit._, n. 52.
[130] Matute y Luquin, p. 211.
[131] Possadas, Triumphos de la Castidad contra la Luxuria diabolica de
Molinos, Córdova, 1698.
This is a second edition; a third appeared in Madrid, in 1775.
[132] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 15; Leg. 12,
n. 2, fol. 126.
[133] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. XI.
[134] Matute y Luquin, pp. 216-23.
[135] Index of Vidal Marin, 1707, II, 195.
[136] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. V, fol. 141, 144,
146, 150.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq. Legajos 418, 419 (números
antiguos).--See Appendix for the abjuration, which summarizes the
errors.
[137] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 876, fol. 153.--Llorente (Hist.
crít. Cap. XLII, n. 15) places this case under Carlos III.
[138] Llorente, Hist. crít., cap. XL, art. ii, n. 1-14.
[139] There is an allusion to this edict in the _Relacion de la Causa
contra Don Pedro Fernández Ybarraran_ (MSS. of David Fergusson Esq.).
[140] Proceso contra Fray Eusebio de Villaroja (MSS. of David Fergusson
Esq.).
[141] Lib. XIII de Cartas, fol. 192 (MSS. of Am. Philosophical Society).
[142] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[143] Ibidem, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 100.
[144] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 890, fol. 82.
[145] Ibidem, Lib. 890.--Matute y Luquin, p. 296.
[146] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 114, n. 18.
[147] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds espagnol 354, fol.
248-69.--Llorente, Hist. crít., cap. XVI, art. iv.--Miscelanea de
Zapata (Mem. hist. español, XI, 70).--Cipriano de Valera, Dos Tratados,
p. 480 (Reformistas antiguos españoles).--Ribadeneira, Vit. Ign.
Loyolæ, Lib. V, cap. 10.--Luigi de Granata, Vita di Giovanni d'Avila,
p. 143 (Romæ, 1746).--Matute y Luquin, p. 18.--Simancæ de Cath.
Institt. Tit. XXI, n. 24.
A French translation of the sentence and confession has been printed by
M. Campan, in the appendix to the _Mémoires de Francisco de Enzinas_.
[148] Godoy Alcántara, Historia de los falsos Cronicones, p. 2.--Cf. V.
de la Fuente, Hist. ecles., III, 255.
[149] Relatione del Miracolo delle Stimmate, venute nuovamente ad una
Monacha dell' Ordine di S. Domenico, in Portogallo, nella Città di
Lisbona.--Bologna, 1584.--Printed also in Rome and in Verona.
[150] Cipriano de Valera, Enjambre de falsos Milagros, pp. 564,
sqq. Usoz y Rio, in his notes to this reprint, in his _Reformistas
antiguos_, says that Valera's versions are faithfully made from "Les
grands Miracles et les Tressainctes Plaies advenuz à la R. Mère Prieure
du Monasteire de l'Anonciade." A Paris par Jean Bressant, 1586.
[151] Cipriano de Valera, pp. 575-80.--Páramo, pp. 233-4, 302-4.
In 1650, Padre Diego Tello, S. J., in an opinion given to the Granada
tribunal alludes to the political objects of Sor María's impostures, as
though it was a well-known fact.--MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle,
Yc, 17.
[152] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 700.
[153] Ibidem, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 113, n. 6.
[154] Cartas de Jesuitas (Mem. hist. español, XIII, 49, 51).
[155] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 111, fol. 127.
[156] MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch. S., 130.--Bibl. nacional, MSS.,
V, 377, cap. XXI, § 7.
[157] Cartas de Jesuitas (_op. cit._, XIII, 42, 51, 457).--Archivo de
Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 17.
[158] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. xxi, § 5.
[159] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[160] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 405, n. 66.
[161] Olmo, Relacion, pp. 201-3, 240.
[162] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. XI.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[163] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[164] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[165] Menéndez y Pelayo, III, 405.--MSS. of Archivo municipal de
Sevilla, Seccion especial, Siglo XVIII, Letra A, T. 4, n. 56.--Cartas
del Filósofo rancio. II, 495 (Madrid, 1824).
[166] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 100.
[167] Llorente, Hist. crít., cap. XLIII, art. iv, n. 1.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 115, n. 25; Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 100.
By edict of June 23, 1805, all writings in which credit of any kind was
given to the favors which the beata pretended to have received from
heaven were absolutely prohibited.--Suplemento al Indice expurgatorio,
p. 25 (Madrid, 1805).
[168] Llorente, _loc. cit._, n. 2.--Archivo, hist. nacional, Inq. de
Valencia, Leg. 100.
[169] Extracto de la Causa seguida á Sor Patrocinio (Madrid, 1865).
[170] Revista Cristiana, Marzo-Abril, 1891 (Madrid).
Spain is by no means the only seat of these manifestations. In
1848 there was at Niederbronn, near Strassburg, a bride of Christ
named Elizabeth Eppinger who, though denied the supreme favor of
the stigmata, had trances and visions and the gift of prophecy. She
founded the Order of _Filles du Redempteur_, over which she presided as
Soeur Alphonse.--Abbé Busson, Lettres sur l'Extatique de Niederbronn
(Besançon, 1849-53).
The grace of the stigmata is likewise not uncommon. About 1825 there
flourished Katharine Emmerich, the nun of Dülmen, and contemporary with
her were three girls in Tyrol, Maria von Mörl, Domenica Lazzari and
Crescenzia Nicklutsch, all of whom enjoyed also the customary visions
and ecstasies. The learned Joseph Görres was one of the believing
pilgrims who put on record his experiences. At the same time Provence
boasted of a similar _beata_, Madame Miollis, known as the _stigmatisée
du Var_, at Villecroze.--Die Tyrolen ekstasischen Jungfrauen
(Regensburg, 1843).--Nicolas, L'extatique et les stigmatisées du Tyrol
(Paris, 1844).--Boré, Les stigmatisées du Tyrol, 2^{e}. Ed. (Paris,
1846).
The more recent case of Louise Lateau, in Belgium, is well known.
All this, however, is trivial in comparison with the development of
stigmatisation among the followers of Pierre-Michel Vintras, in France.
In 1850 it was reckoned that no less than three hundred were favored
with this distinguishing mark of divine approval.--André, Affaire Rose
Tamisier, p. 5 (Carpentras, 1851).
[171] S. Th. Aquin. Summæ Suppl. Q. VIII, art. 4.--Astesani Summæ, Lib.
V, Tit. xiii, Q. 2.--Summa Sylvestrina s. v. CONFESSOR, I, §§ 10-11.
[172] Guidonis de Monte Rocherii Manip. Curator. P. II, Tract, iii,
cap. 9.
[173] S. Antonini Summæ, P. III, Tit. xiv, cap. 19, § 8.
[174] S. Th. Aquin. in IV Sentt., Dist. XIX, Q. 1, art. 3.--Joh.
Friburgens. Summæ Confessor., Lib. III, Tit. xxxiv, Q. 65.
[175] Burriel, Vidas de los Arzobispos de Toledo (Bibl. nacional, MSS.
Ff, 194, fol. 9).
[176] Concil. Valentin, ann. 1565, Tit. ii, cap. 17 (Aguirre, V,
417).--C. Mediolanensis I, ann. 1565, cap. 6 (Harduin. X, 653).--C.
Provin. Mediolanens. IV, ann. 1576 (Acta Eccles. Mediolanens. I,
146).--Rituale Roman., Tit. iii, cap. 1.
[177] MSS. of David Fergusson, Esq.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Sala
39, Leg. 4, fol. 34, 55, 81.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia,
Leg. 9, n. 2, fol. 236, 237.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., PV, fol. C, 17, n.
38.
[178] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 16, n. 6, fol. 9.
[179] Gratiani Decret. Caus. xxx, q. i, can. 8, 9, 10.--Constitt. R.
Poore, cap. 9 (Harduin. VII, 91).
[180] Salcedo, Practica criminalis canonica, p. 276 (Compluti, 1587).
For an instructive sketch of Ghiberti by Miss M. A. Tucker, see English
Hist. Review, Jan.-July, 1903.
[181] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 233, n. 100.
[182] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 231, n. 71.
[183] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 374.
[184] Pauli PP. IV Bull. _Cum sicut nuper_, 16 Apr., 1559 (Bullar.
Roman. II, 48).
[185] Páramo, p. 880.
[186] Pii PP. IV, Const. 51, _Pastoris æterni_, 1 Apr. 1562. It is
perhaps suggestive that in the Luxemburg Bullarium (III, 71) the
omission of the word _non_ completely reverses the purport of the
brief. It will be found correctly printed in Cherubini's edition.
[187] Páramo, p. 881.
[188] Pauli PP. V, Const. _Cum sicut nuper_, 16 Sept. 1608
(Trimarchi de Confessario abutente etc. Tractat., pp. 7, 10.--Genuæ,
1636).--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465. fol. 16.
[189] Trimarchi, pp. 10, 11.
[190] Bullar. Roman. III, 484.--Trimarchi, pp. 14-18.
[191] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Lib. VIII de autos,
Leg. 2, fol. 114.
[192] Ant. de Sousa, Opusc. circa Constit. Pauli V, Tract. I, cap. 20.
[193] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 371.--Archivo hist.
nacional, _ubi sup._
[194] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 940, fol. 212; Gracia y Justicia,
Inq., Leg. 631, fol. 27.
[195] MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch, S, 130.
[196] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 1, n. 6, fol. 274,
393.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
The clause concerning solicitation in the Edict of Faith, published
at Valencia, Feb. 24, 1630, shows this and also the devices used
to elude the technical definition of the offence. "Or, whether any
confessor or confessors, clerics or religious of whatever station
pre-eminence or condition, in the act of confession or immediately
before or after it, or with occasion or appearance of confession,
although there is no opportunity and no confession may have followed,
but in the confessional or any place where confessions are made, or
which is destined for that purpose, when the impression is produced
that confession is being made or heard, have solicited or attempted
to solicit any one, inducing or provoking them to foul and indecent
acts, whether between the penitent and confessor or others, or have
held indecent and illicit conversation with them. And we exhort
and order all confessors to admonish their penitents, whom they
understand to have been solicited, of the obligation to denounce the
solicitors to this Holy Office, which has exclusive cognizance of this
crime."--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Lib. 7 de Autos,
Leg. 2, fol. 114.
[197] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Lib. 7 de Autos, Leg.
2, fol. 114.
[198] "Cuyo conocimiento pertenece al Santo Oficio de la Inquisition,
sin embargo del Breve de la Santidad de Gregorio XV expedido en treinta
de Agusto de 1622 años, por declaracion suya, para las Inquisiciones
de los Reynos de su Magestad, toca privativamente el castigo de este
delito al Santo Oficio y no á los obispos ni á sus vicarios, provisores
ni ordinarios."--Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, p. 148.
[199] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 28, fol. 246; Lib. 890.
[200] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 107; Lib. 942, fol. 23, 31; Leg. 1465,
fol. 16.--It is scarce worth while to refer to the wild story of
Gonzáles de Móntes (Inquis. hist. artes detectæ, p. 185) that in
Seville this brought in so many denunciations that twenty secretaries
and as many inquisitors were unable to take them down within the thirty
days allowed and that four prolongations of the time were required.
[201] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 216, n. 60.
[202] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1665, fol. 16; Lib. 939, fol.
107; Lib. 942, fol. 31.
[203] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 16, fol.
254.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 83, fol. 25.
The Roman Inquisition tardily followed the example of the Spanish in a
decree of 1677.--Berardi de Sollicitatione et Absolutione Complicis, p.
6 (Faventiæ, 1897).
[204] "La experiencia acredita que muchos contestes, singularmente
mugeres y en causas de solicitacion, nada declaran, ya por miedo, ya
por vergüenza, ya por una falsa caridad, de que tiene el Santo Oficio
freqüentes y lastimosas experiencias."--Instrucion que han de guardar
los Comisarios, n. 21.
[205] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 227, n. 7.
[206] Ibidem, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 15.
[207] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 371.
[208] Bibl. nacional, MSS., B, 159, fol. 161-2. For various
speculations on the subject see Rod. a Cunha pro PP. Pauli V Statuto,
Q. xix (Benavente, 1611).--Ant. de Sousa Opusc. circa Constit. Pauli V,
Tract. ii, cap. 7-10.
[209] Card. Cozza, Dubia selecta circa Solicitationem, Dub. XLII
(Lovanii, 1750).
[210] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 365, n. 46.
[211] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. XX.
[212] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 264.
[213] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465, fol. 16.--MSS. of Bibl.
nacional de Lima, Protocolo 223, Exp^{te} 5270.
[214] Rod. a Cunha, Q. XIV, XV.--Ant. de Sousa, Tit. I, cap.
19.--Matteucci Cautela Confessarii, Lib. I, cap. 5, n. 3 (Venetiis,
1710).--Cozza, Dub. XVII.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. XX.
[215] Ant. de Sousa, Tract. I, cap. XV.
[216] There were many probabilist authorities who held that the fact
that such acts as kissing, pressing the hands, handling the breasts,
etc., were committed in the confessional did not change them from
venial to mortal sins. See Del Bene de Officio S. Inquis. P. II, Dub.
237, Sect. 3, n. 3 (Lugduni, 1666). Cf. Cozza, Dub. III, n. 18.
In 1743 a lively controversy arose between the rigorists and the
Jesuits over the _Tatti mammillari_ caused by a proposition of Father
Benzi S. J. that stroking the cheeks of nuns and handling their breasts
were venial, when unaccompanied with depraved intentions.--Concina,
Explicazione di quattro Paradossi, cap. 1 § 1 (Lucca, 1746).
[217] Cozza, Dub. III, IV, V.--Fran. Bordoni Sacrum Tribunal Judicum,
cap. XXIII, n. 53-61 (Romæ, 1648); Ejusd. Manuale Consultorum, Sect,
XXV, n. 91 (Romæ, 1693).
[218] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 365, n. 46, fol.
26.
[219] Rod. a Cunha, Q. XVII.--Ant. de Sousa, Tract. I, cap. xiv.--Jo.
Sánchez, Disputationes Selectæ, Disp. XI, n. 43, 44 (Ludguni, 1636).
[220] Rod. a Cunha, Q. XIV.--Ant. de Sousa, Tract. I, cap. xi.--Cozza,
Dub. XXXVII.--Trimarchi, p. 160.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., B, fol. 160.
[221] Trimarchi, p. 145.--Cozza, Dub. XXXVIII.
[222] Páramo, p. 886.
[223] A Cunha, Q. IX, XI.--De Sousa, Tract. I, cap. vi, vii,
xvii.--Alberghini Manuale Qualificatorum, cap. XXXI, § 1, n. 10, 11,
17.--Trimarchi, pp. 193, 199, 2O1, 212.--Cozza, Dub. IX, X, XI.--Bodoni
Manuale, Sect. XXV, n. 169--Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. XX, §§
5, 10.
[224] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 376.--Archivo de
Simancas, Inq., Registro de Solicitantes, A, 7, fol. 2 (Lib. 1002, fol.
2).
[225] The more important of these decisions were--
3 There is no _parvitas materiæ_ in solicitation.
8 When the solicitation is mutual, the confessor is to be denounced.
9 A confessor yielding to solicitation through fear is to be denounced.
10 Solicitation in other sacraments does not fall within the papal
bulls.
11 Solicitation to other than carnal sins during confession does not
require denunciation.
12 When a confessor praises the beauty of a penitent, if the praise is
serious and without evil intention, he is not liable to denunciation;
if otherwise, he is.
13 If a confessor sitting in a confessional solicits a woman standing
before him without pretext of confession he is probably not liable to
denunciation.
14 A confessor who makes during confession a present to the penitent,
without evil intention is not liable to denunciation; otherwise he
is.--Berardi de Sollicitatione, p. 5.
[226] Bullar. Roman. T. VI, Append. p. 1.
[227] Bullar. Benedicti PP. XIV, T. I, p. 23-4.
[228] Bullar. Roman. _ubi sup._
[229] Bullar. Benedicti PP. XIV, _loc. cit._
[230] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1; Inq. de Valencia,
Leg. 365, n. 46.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 890.
[231] Joh. Sánchez Disputt. Select., Disp. xi, n. 3, 4.--Juan Sánchez
was one of the laxer moral theologians of the seventeenth century, some
of whose propositions incurred papal censure, but this escaped. Hurter
characterizes him as "in morum doctrina versatissimus."--Nomenclator
Theol. Cathol. I, 414.
[232] Ant. de Sousa, Tract. II, cap. XX.--Berardi de Sollicitatione,
p. 129.--Il Consulente Ecclesiastico, Vol. IV, p. 19 (1899).--S. Alph.
de Ligorio Theol. Moral. Lib. VII, n. 519. Podestà, however, tells us
that in his time, in the diocese of Naples, it was reserved to the
bishop.--Examen ecclesiasticum, T. II, n. 601 (Venetiis, 1728).
[233] Proceso contra el Dr. Pedro Mendizabal (MS. _penes me_).
[234] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 228, n. 18.
[235] Ibidem, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 365, n. 46, fol. 32.
[236] Berardi, _op. cit._, pp. 36-7.
[237] Archivo de Simancas, Inq. de Logroño, Procesos de fe, Leg. 1.
[238] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. XXI, § 6.
[239] Ibidem, cap. XX, § 3.--De Sousa, Aphorism. Lib. I, cap. xxxiv, n.
40.--Alberghini, Man. Qualificator. cap. xxxi, § 1, n. 19.
[240] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 1006, fol. 25.
[241] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 227, n. 4.
[242] Ibidem, Leg. 1.
[243] Ibidem, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 4, n. 2, fol. 79.
[244] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1; Inq. de Valencia,
Leg. 66.
[245] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 942, fol. 23; Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[246] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 107; Lib. 942, fol. 38; Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[247] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 16, fol.
264.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 942, fol. 52.
[248] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[249] Ibidem, Lib. 890.
[250] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 107; Lib. 941, fol. 2; Leg. 1465, fol.
16.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 16, fol. 254.
[251] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 107; Lib. 942, fol. 45;
Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[252] Páramo, p. 875.
[253] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[254] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 342.--De Sousa, Opusc. circa Constit.
Pauli V, Tract. II, cap. 13, 21; Ejusd. Aphor. Inquis. Lib. 1, cap.
xxxiv, n. 64, 65.--Alberghini, Man. Qualif. cap. xxxi, § 2, n. 3,
4.--Bibl. nacional MSS., V, 377, cap. xx, 9.--Archivo hist. nacional,
Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 61; Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 498.--MSS. of Royal
Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 423.
[255] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 876, fol. 208.
[256] Bodoni Man. Consultorum, pp. 224, 232, 235.--Cf. Trimarchum pp.
288-92.
[257] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, pp. 386-7.
[258] Cozza, _op. cit._, Dub. XIV. This is still the rule. See Concil.
Plenar. Americæ Latinæ, ann. 1899, Append, CXXXII, T. II, p. 761 (Romæ,
1900).
[259] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 299.
[260] Ibidem, Leg. 228, n. 24.
[261] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1473 (Cartilla de Comisarios, §§
ix, x).--Ibidem, Lib. 890, fol. 156.
[262] Ibidem, Lib. 83, fol. 25.
[263] MSS. of Bibl. nacional, de Lima, Protocolo 233, Exp^{te} 5270.
[264] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[265] Páramo, p. 879.
[266] A Cunha, _op. cit._, Q. XXIII.--De Sousa, _op. cit._, Tract. II,
cap. 12.
[267] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 1.
[268] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. xx.--In modern practice, under
the regulations issued by the Roman Inquisitors, in 1867, a first and
a second denunciation only cause the accused to be watched and a third
one is necessary to justify action.--Berardi, p 126.
[269] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 365.
[270] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 1002, fol. 2-4.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 66; Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 233, n. 108,
fol. 90, 97, 140, 181.
[271] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen 218^{b}, p. 264.--Archivo
hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 9, n. 2, fol. 38.
[272] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 1002.
[273] Ibidem, Leg. 1465, fol. 16.
[274] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1465, fol. 16.--MSS. of Royal
Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 265.
[275] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{3} (Lib. 4).
[276] A Cunha, Q. XXIV.--De Sousa, Tract. II, cap. 16, 18, 21.
[277] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 6, 22, 23, 29.
There was more wholesome severity in Rome. In 1626 the Congregation
of the Inquisition reserved to itself the designation of the penalty
(Collect. Decret. Sac. Congr. S. Officii, p. 397--MS. _penes me_).
Some ten years later Trimarchus (_op. cit._, pp. 302, 304) after
enumerating the punishments decreed by Gregory, adds that in practice,
if the culprit has only once solicited an ordinary woman, deprivation
of confessing suffices; if two, repeatedly, add suspension of priestly
functions and, for a regular, especially if there has been scandal,
perpetual reclusion in a convent or, for a secular, perpetual service
in a hospital. If the penitent solicited is a nun or the wife of a
magnate, or there are many women and much popular scandal, degradation
or the galleys.
Although Gregory included relaxation, Benedict XIV (De Synodo
Dioecesana, Lib. IX, cap. vi, n. 7) says that in no case, however
aggravated, can it be found that relaxation had been inflicted,
and this is repeated by Fray Manuel de Nájera in his _Enchiridion
canonico-morale de Confess._ p. 161 (Mexico, 1764).
[278] Bibl. national, MSS., V, 377, cap. xx.
[279] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 290, fol. 80.
[280] Ibidem, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 229, n. 32.
[281] Ibidem, Leg. 1.
[282] Proceso contra Fray Estevan Ramoneda (MSS. of Am. Phil. Society).
[283] Quia ex sola publica effusione seminis aut sanguinis humani
ecclesia polluitur.--Clericati de Virtute Pænitentice Decisiones, p.
214 (Vinetiis, 1706).
[284] MSS. of Trinity College, Dublin, Class II, Vol. IV, pp. 63,
294.--Berardi, _op. cit._, p. 129.--Cf. Benedicti PP. XIV de Synodo
Dioecesana, Lib. VI, cap. xi, n. &.
[285] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[286] Ibidem, T. XI.
[287] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. XX, § 8.
[288] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 876, fol. 32.
[289] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 231, n. 70.
[290] MSS. of David Fergusson Esq.
[291] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 365, n. 45, fol.
4-12.
[292] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 387.
[293] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 4, n. 2, fol. 79.
[294] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 1006.
[295] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 227, n. 10; Leg.
228, n. 28.
[296] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 890.
[297] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Visitas de Barcelona, Leg. 15, fol. 5.
[298] Llorente, Hist. crít., cap. XXVIII, art. 1, n. 17.
[299] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[300] The Dominican Maestro Alvarado, in his heated defence of the
Inquisition, in 1811, calls attention to the fact that, in its later
period, its penitents were largely ecclesiastics, because firstly their
theology exposed them to uttering compromising propositions; secondly,
"porque solos los clérigos y frailes son los que confiesan y todos
saben muy bien lo peligroso de este materia y los muchos que en él han
naufragado."--Cartas del Filosofo Rancio, I, 316 (Madrid, 1824).
[301] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[302] These statistics are compiled from various registers, covering
respectively portions of the period. There are some minor breaks, which
would increase the aggregate somewhat, but not materially. See Archivo
hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 233, n. 108; Inq. de Valencia,
Leg. 66.--Archivo de Simancas, Libros 1002, 1003, 1004.
There is perhaps some interest in recording the respective
responsibilities of the various classes and orders of the clergy for
these delinquents, as follows:
Secular priests, canons etc 981 Franciscans, Conventual and Barefooted
552 Observantines 506 Capuchins 183 Recollects 56 Carmelites 355
Dominicans 288 Augustinians 156 Trinitarians 144 Mercenarians 131
Jesuits 92 Minims 69 Benedictines 35 Geronimites 30 San Pedro de
Alcántara 29 Clérigos Menores 20 Congr. of San Filippo Neri 20
Bernardines (Cistercians) 20 Escuelas Pias 16 Basilians 16 S. Francisco
de Asis 5 N. Señora de la Vitoria 5 Order of Santiago 4 Order of
Calatrava 3 Theatins 3 Servites 3 Misioneros 2 Agonizantes 2 Hermits of
St. Paul 2 San Juan 2 Premonstratensians 2 Ex-Jesuits 2 Carthusians 1
St. Ursula 1 San Diego 1 Not specified 38
The comparatively small number of Jesuits, who devoted themselves so
greatly to the confessional, is partly explicable by the expulsion of
the Society in 1767.
[303] Puigblanch, La Inquisicion sin Mascara, pp. 422-5 (Cádiz, 1811).
[304] Instruct. S. Inquis. Roman. 20 Feb. 1867 (Collect. Concil.
Lacens. III, 353).--Berardi, _op. cit._
[305] A priest, who could speak from experience, concisely described,
in 1820, the conditions produced by the system "En donde la doctrina
infernal de la delacion tenia en una habitual consternacion á las
familias y á los individuos que se correspondian con la mutua
desconfianza que inspiraba el continuo recelo de encontrar en amigo,
en el padre, en el hijo, en la esposa, un verdugo que armado con el
puñal del fanatismo religioso contribuyese á los asesinatos naturales
que solo Dios conosce y a los civiles que no son tan desconocidos."--P
Antonio Bernabeu, España venturosa, p. xvi (Madrid, 1820).
[306] Theologians had a storehouse of epithets with which to
characterize the various classes of propositions. A few of the
more usual, with their significance, are given by Alberghini (Man.
Qualificator. cap. xii, n. 1-18) as follows:--
_Heretical_--one which is contrary to Catholic truth.
_Erroneous_--that which does not directly contradict the faith, but
some conclusion evidently deducible from the faith.
_Savoring of heresy_--not contradicting the faith by evident
consequence, but by very probable and morally certain consequence.
_Ill-sounding_--that which has a double sense, one Catholic and the
other heretic, but usually accepted in the latter.
_Rash_--that which is not governed by reason and lacks all authority.
_Scandalous or offensive to pious ears_--that which gives occasion to
another to err, such as "heretics are to be tolerated and not to be
slain."
_Schismatic or seditious_--tending to disrupt the unity of the Church.
_Impious_--contrary to Catholic piety.
_Insulting_--defamatory of some Christian profession or illustrious
person.
_Blasphemous_--insulting to God.
Simancas (Enchirid., Tit. xxiv) gives a similar list. Dandino (De
Suspectis de Hæresi, pp. 477-512) a more elaborate exposition. There
was no limit, however, to the vituperative vocabulary of the Church.
A choice collection of additional ones will be found in the bull
_Auctorem fidei_ of Pius VI (1794), condemning the Jansenist Council of
Pistoja.
[307] MS. Memoria de diversos Autos, Auto 27, n. 10; Auto 37, n. 5 (See
Appendix to Vol. I).
[308] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 112, n. 73.
[309] D. Manuel Serrano y Sanz (Revista de Archivos, Abril, 1902, pp.
260-80). This Alvaro de Montalvan was father-in-law of Francisco de
Rojas, author of La Celestina, who was also a Converso.
[310] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Vistas de Barcelona, Leg. 15, fol. 9,
20.
The utterance of Clemenza Paresa seems to have been a popular saying.
In 1572 Rodríguez Rúiz was penanced for it in the Canaries.--Ibidem,
Canarias, Exp^{tes} de Visitas, Leg. 250, Lib. 3, fol. 8.
[311] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Canarias, Exp^{tes} de Visitas, Lib.
3, fol. 16-17.
[312] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 30.
[313] Rojas de Hæret. P. I, n. 2, 67, 96; P. II, n. 310-13.
[314] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 299, fol. 80.
[315] MSS. of the Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[316] Elucidationes S. Officii, § 36 (Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg.
544^{2}, Lib. 4).
[317] C. Trident Sess. XXIV, De Statu Matrimonii, can. 10.--"Si quis
dixerit statum conjugalem anteponendum esse statui virginitatis vel
coelibatus et non esse melius ac beatius manere in virginitate aut
coelibatu quam jungi matrimonio: anathema sit."
[318] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[319] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 299, fol. 80.
[320] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 25.
[321] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, cap. 2.
[322] S. Antonini Confessionale.
[323] Archivo de Simancas, Hacienda, Leg. 25, fol. 3.
[324] Ibidem, Inq., Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 264.
[325] Schäfer, Beiträge, II, 324.
[326] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 787.
[327] Ibidem, Lib. 82, fol. 228; Lib. 939, fol. 108; Lib. 942, fol.
38.--MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 168.
[328] Bibl. nacional, MSS., S, 121, fol. 54.--Archivo de Simancas,
Inq., Leg. 1157, fol. 155.
[329] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[330] Bibl. nacional, MSS., PV, 3, n. 20.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq.
de Valencia, Leg. 99; Leg. 2, n. 10.
[331] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 342; Leg. 552, fol.
1.--MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 260.
[332] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 25; Lib. 1002.--Archivo
hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.--MS. _penes me._
[333] Hurter, Nomenclator Theologiæ Catholicæ, I, 158.--Nic. Antonii
Bibl nova, a.v. _Ludovicus de Leon._--Greg. Mayans y Siscar, Vida del
M. Luis de Leon, n. 37.--Ticknor, History of Spanish Literature, II,
87, 89 (Ed 1864).
There is considerable literature on the subject of Fray Luis's troubles
with the Inquisition. The records of his first trial, omitting
superfluities, occupy 925 pages in Vols. X and XI of the _Coleccion
de Documentos inéditos_. His second trial has more recently seen
the light, with an introduction by Padre Francisco Blanco García,
Madrid, 1896. _Fray Luis de Leon. Eine Biographie aus der Geschichte
der spanischen Inquisition u. Kirche_ (Halle, 1866) by Dr. C. A.
Wilkens is an eloquent and sympathetic account of his career, while
Dr. Fr. Heinrich Reusch's _Luis de Leon u. der spanische Inquisition_
(Bonn, 1873) is a scholarly investigation of the case, in so far
as documents accessible at the time would permit. The Lic. Arango
y Escandon has contributed the _Proceso del P. M. Luis de Leon_
(Mexico, 1856, revised and enlarged in 1866), in which he justifies
both the Inquisition and the sufferer. The latest contribution to
the subject, based on additional documents, is by the Dominican Fray
Luis G. Alonso Getino, in the _Revista de Archivos_ (1903-4) in
justification of the Inquisition. Padre Blanco has also written an
_Estúdio biográfico-critico de Fr. Luis de Leon_, which I have not had
an opportunity of consulting. The old rivalry between Dominicans and
Augustinians seems to be still alive.
[334] Azpilcueta Comment. Cap. _Si quis autem_, n. 44-47.--Coleccion de
Documentos, X, 193; XI, 276.
[335] Coleccion, X, 261; XI, 256, 259.
[336] C. Trident. Sess. IV, De Edit. et Usu SS. Libb.
[337] Coleccion, X, 115, 129.
[338] Ibidem, X, 102, sqq.
[339] Coleccion, X, 96-110.
[340] Ibidem, X, 179.
[341] Ibidem, X, 206-8.
[342] Coleccion, X, 249; XI, 255-84.
[343] There is no record of this in the process, but Fray Luis refers
to it repeatedly both to the tribunal and to the Suprema, and there is
no disclaimer.--Coleccion, XI, 48, 190, 196.
[344] Coleccion, X, 562-7; XI, 7-18, 21-128.
[345] Ibidem, XI, 164-86.
[346] Coleccion, XI, 187-253.
[347] Ibidem, XI, 351-3.
[348] Coleccion, XI, 353-8.--Fray Luis attributed this unexpected mercy
to the influence of Inquisitor-general Quiroga, to whom, in 1580, he
dedicated his Exposition of the XXVI Psalm, with warm expressions of
gratitude.--García, Segundo Proceso, p. 17.
[349] Coleccion, XI, 147.
[350] Coleccion, XI, 50, 52.
[351] Ibidem, XI, 188, 193-4.
[352] Ibidem, XI, 196-8.
[353] Reusch, 113-14.--Arango y Escandon, p. 91.--Padre Alonso Getino
(Revista de Archivos, Agosto-Sept., 1903) promises to give us an
account of the trial of Martínez who was obliged to abjure _de levi_
(Menéndez y Pelayo, II, 693).
Leon de Castro varied his persecution of Luis de Leon, Grajal and
Martínez, by attacking the great Biblia Regia, which Arias Montano,
the most learned Spaniard of the age, edited at the instance and with
the support of Philip II. After its appearance with the approbation of
the Holy See, de Castro, in 1575, in his zeal for the Vulgate, filled
Spain, Flanders and Italy with denunciations of it and its editor.
Montano, who was in Flanders, hastened to Spain by way of Italy to
defend himself, but, finding much agitation on the subject in Rome,
tarried there and wrote to Quiroga to protect him--an appeal which he
repeated in 1579. He was not prosecuted, but the Inquisition fell foul
of his biblical commentaries and placed on the Index a long list of
expurgations, besides condemning some of his propositions--fortunately
for him long after his death.--Coleccion de Documentos, XLI, 316, 321,
328, 387.--Index of Zapata, 1632, pp. 86-89.
[354] García, Segundo Proceso, pp. 20-23, 29-30.
[355] Ibidem, pp. 20-1, 26-7, 44.
[356] García, pp. 28-35.
[357] Ibidem, pp. 52-4.
[358] Ibidem, p. 53.
[359] The existing records of the trials of Sánchez are printed in Vol.
II of the "Coleccion de Documentos inéditos."
The only one of his works which I have had an opportunity of examining
is his "Minerva" (Salmanticæ, 1587), which sufficiently illustrates his
capacity of enlivening the details of etymology and syntax with his
caustic assertion of superior knowledge.
[360] Coleccion, II, 1-37.
[361] Ibidem, II, 40-45.
[362] Coleccion, II, 40-58.
[363] Coleccion, II, 57-88.
[364] Ibidem, II, 89-109.
[365] Coleccion, II, 109-26.
[366] Ibidem, II, 127-8.
[367] Ibidem, II 130-5.
[368] Coleccion, II, 136-65.
[369] Proceso contra Fray Joseph de Sigüenza (MSS. of Library of Univ.
of Halle, Yc, 20, T. IV).
[370] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 1.
[371] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[372] Modo de Proceder, fol. 67 (Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 122).
[373] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq., Leg. 1.
[374] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 45, fol. 13-33.
[375] MSS. of Am. Philosophical Society.
[376] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 100.
[377] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 100.
[378] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 890; Lib. 435^{2}.
[379] Ibidem, Lib. 890.
[380] Mariana, Hist. de España, Lib. VI, n. 75.--José Amador de los
Rios (Revista de España, XVII, 388).
[381] Flores de las Leyes (Memorial hist. español, II, 243).
[382] Partidas, P. VII, Tit. ix, ley 17; Tit. xxiii, leyes 1, 2, 3.
[383] Amador de los Rios, _op. cit._, XVII, 382, 384-5.
[384] Ibidem, XVIII, 14.
[385] Flores, España Sagrada, XLIX, 188, 504.
[386] Astesani de Ast Summa de Casibus Conscientiæ, P. I, Lib. i, Tit.
14.
[387] Raynald. Annal, ann. 1317, n. 52-4; ann. 1318, n. 57; ann. 1320,
n. 51; ann. 1327, n. 43.--Bullar. Roman. I, 204.--Ripoll, Bullar. Ord.
Prædic. II, 192.
[388] Ordenanzas Reales, VIII, iv, 2.
[389] Ibidem, VIII, i, 9.
[390] Novis. Recop. Lib. XII, Tit. iv, ley 2.
[391] Tratados de Legislacion Muhamedana, pp. 143, 251 (Mem. hist.
español, Tom. V).--Bleda, Corónica, p. 1025.
[392] Villanueva, Viage Literario, XX, 190.--Eymerici Director, p. 202
(Ed. Venet. 1607).
[393] Pulgar, Cronica, P. II, cap. iv.
[394] Nueva Recop., Lib. VIII, Tit. iii, ley 7.
[395] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 3, fol. 156, 158, 170, 186; Lib.
927, fol. 446.
The parties in this case were doubtless García de Gorualan and Martin
de Sória relaxed in person, and Miguel Sánchez de Romeral in effigy,
as _hérejes sortilegos_, June 16, 1511, at Saragossa.--Libro Verde
(Revista de España, CVI, 576, 581, 582). Prior to this several women
had been burnt as witches, as we shall see hereafter.
[396] Pragmáticas y altres Drets de Cathalunya, Lib. I, Tit. viii, cap.
i, § 34; cap. 2.
[397] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 918, fol. 382.
[398] Libro Verde de Aragon (Revista de España, CVI, pp. 575, 582).
[399] Llorente, Hist. crít. cap. XV, Art. 1, n. 21.
[400] Reprovacion de las Supersticiones, P. I, cap. i, n. 14.
This book is the Spanish classic on the subject. Maestro Pedro Ciruelo
served as inquisitor in Saragossa for thirty years and was professor at
Alcalá. His work appeared in Salamanca, in 1539, where it was reprinted
in 1540 and 1556 and again in Barcelona in 1628, with notes by the
learned Doctor Pedro Antonio Jofreu, at the instance of Miguel Santos,
Bishop of Solsona.
[401] Raynald. Annal., ann. 1258, n. 23.--Potthast, Regesta, n. 17,745,
18,396.--Lib. V in Sexto, Tit. ii, c. 8 § 4.
[402] D'Argentré, Collect. judic. de novis Erroribus, I, II, 154.
[403] Bernardi Basin Tract. de Artibus magicis, Concl. I-X.
[404] Repertor. Inquisit. s. v. _Sapere hæresim_ post v.
_Hæresiarcha_--Pegnæ Comment. LXVII in Eymerici Director. P. II.
[405] Ripoll, Bullar. Ord. Prædic., III, 301.--Cf. Alph. de Castro de
justa Hæreticor. Punitione, Lib. I, cap. 13.
[406] Simancæ de Cath. Institt., Tit. XXX, n. 20, 21; Tit. LXIII, n.
12.--Cf. Alphons. de Castro, _loc. cit._, cap. 14, 15.
[407] Bibl. pública de Toledo, Sala 5, Estante 11, Tab. 3.--Archivo de
Simancas, Inq., Visitas de Barcelona, Leg. 15, fol. 20.
[408] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 726.
[409] Bibl. nacional, MSS., PV, 3, n. 20.