Dritzehen Claus, complaint of, 380
— Andrew, death of, 384
— — services of, 387
— Ennel, testimony of, 383
— George, 386
Dünne Hans, testimony of, 388
Education, state of in XIVth century, 172
Education of schools in middle ages, 176
— afforded by block-books, 249
— early, made difficult, 263
— modern, aided by types, 260
Eggestein Henry, of Strasburg, 491
Eight Rogueries, the block-book, 229
Eltvill, printing done at, 439
— a suburb of Mentz, 443
Embossed types of unknown printer, 280
— — of Codex Argenteus, 126
Endkrist, the block-book, 230
Engravers, early, jealousy of, 498
Engravers on wood, early, notices of, 184
Engraving an aid to the invention, 396
Engraving decadence of, 536
— large blocks of, 536
— often done on metal, 535
— of Pfister, 484
— at Augsburg, 498
— at Nuremberg, 496
— not mother of typography, 392
— not practised at Haarlem, 321
— of playing cards, 91
— of punches, 65, 514
— on wood, by the Cunios, 130
— — — Chinese practice, 116
— — — early forms of, 132
— — — rudeness of, 239, 536
— — — Italian practice of, 131
— — — merit of early work, 71
— — — neglect of, 278, 535
— — — of letters, 200
— — — origin considered, 75
— — — used by copyists, 124
Enschedé on wood types, 297, 355
Epitaphs of Pope Pius II, 287
Erasmus, his version of the invention, 345
— as a corrector, 540
Errata, first appearance of, 526
Errors of early books, 540
— typographical, frequency of, 458, 525
Eulogy on Lorenzo Valla, 287
Exercise on the Lord’s Prayer, 222
Fables, Book of, by Pfister, 482
Fables of Lorenzo Valla, 286
Faust John, as described by Junius, 331
Faustus Jo. Frid., testimony of, 478
Finiguerra Maso, 27
Flanders, early importance of, 178
Flemings, their skill in the arts, 178
Flemish block-printing, 215, 252, 314
Florence, early printing at, 503
Form, ambiguity of the word, 397
Formen, 397, 443, 466, 476, 522
Forms of metal, notices of, 387
— melted by Gutenberg, 397
— were probably matrices, 398, 443
Four pieces, the tool of, 398
Fraternity of St. John the Baptist, 314
— of St. Luke, 315
Friction, press-work by, 204
Frisket, early use of, 280
Frotton of engravers on wood, 83
— not used by block-printers, 204
Fust John, conflicting views about, 417
— — death of, 468
— — his suit against Gutenberg, 425
— — his victory over Gutenberg, 430
— — was not Faust, 416
— Conrad, 468
— Jacob, the judge, 428
Fust’s sale of Bible in Paris, 466
Gebwiler, testimony of, 489
Gelthus Adam, tablet of, 446
Gensfleisch John, not a printer, 404
— family of, 377
Gering Ulrich, 505
German Planetarium and Calendar, 241
Germany, its progress in education, 177
— — — in useful arts, 178
Getté en molle, meaning of the term, 313
Goldsmiths as punch-cutters, 514
Gothic character, popularity of, 516
Gothic letters, origin of, 150
— — popularity of, 516
— — varieties of, 406
— — Petrarch’s dislike of, 151
Grotesque Alphabet, the block-book, 227
Guilds of middle ages, 186, 390
— of book-makers, 187
Gutenberg, family of, 376
Gutenberg John, early life of, 377
— as a book-maker, 419
— as a courtier, 440
— as a financier, 379
— as an engraver, 395, 396
— as an inventor, 381, 416, 448
— as an organizer, 389
— books printed by, 433
— careless of fame, 434
— Catholicon of, 435
— courage of, 431
— death of, 442
— experiments of, 402
— memorials of, 446, 447
— partnership of, at Strasburg, 387
— partnership of, at Mentz, 418
— planned the Psalter, 459
— poverty of, 385, 402, 433
— probable marriage of, 379
— supplanted by Schœffer, 430
— trials of, at Strasburg, 379, 380
— — — at Mentz, 425
— unknown work of, 437
Gutenberg’s types, history of, 443
— defense against Fust, 427
— idea of typography, 445
— place in history, 448
Haarlem, first notice of legend of, 327
— known printers at, 319
— neglected printing, 345, 335
Hahn Ulrich, 501
Hanequis Conrad, 468
Hanseatic League, 179
Hasback of Haarlem, 320
Hauman Frederic, 443
Heilmann Anthony, testimony of, 387
Hessels J. H., writings of, 284
Holland, early printing of, 315, 256
— confounded with Netherlands, 316
— not the birthplace of invention, 318
Horarium of Scaliger, 257
— of Adrien Rooman, 260
Horn-book of England, 174
How to Die Becomingly, 235
How to Remember the Evangelists, 233
Humery Conrad, friend to Gutenberg, 431
— — acknowledgment of, 442
Ignorance, prevalence of in dark ages, 45
— of ecclesiastics, 147
Iliad of Homer, the school-book, 287, 288
Illuminated books of middle ages, 152
Illuminators and calligraphers, 166
Impression by different methods, 26
— doubling of, 278
— not typography, 50
— on bricks, 30
Impression on early hand press, 306, 530
— on paper and vellum, 538
— on textile fabrics, 127
Image prints all devotional, 85
— — Annunciation, 72
— — Berlin print, 80
— — Brussels print, 78
— — Indulgence print, 77
— — St. Christopher, 71
— — preceded books, 69
— — how printed, 83
— — made for stenciling, 70
— — merit of, 87
— — not done by friction, 84
— — not made by monks, 86
— — origin of, 69
— — popularity of, 86
— — where made, 82
Impositions of eight pages, 291
Initial letters of Italy, 122, 487
— — of early printers, 516
Inking balls, how made, 529
Inking of printing surfaces, 25
Ink Printing, affected by paper, 532
— — deterioration of, 534
— — early, faults of, 454
— — early, unstableness of, 533
— — inequality of, 532
— — Moxon’s criticism of, 534
— — of Bible of 42 lines, 421
— — of Donatus of Mentz, 404
— — of Jenson, 532
— — of Psalter of Mentz, 456
— — of the block-printers, 203
— — of the Psalter of 1457, 452
— — of the Ripoli press, 533
— — of unknown printer, 270, 278
— — the complement of types, 533
Ink writing, antiquity of, 39
— — useless in printing, 40
Invention, merit of, not in idea, 445, 487
Inventions not the work of experts, 395
Invention of paper in China, 133
Invention of press, not noticed, 304
— — — why neglected, 527
Invention of Printing,
— — — early notices of, 446
— — — a great discovery, 67
— — — came at the right time, 45
— — — different methods of, 28
— — — key of in the type-mould, 67
— — — merit of, not in the idea, 51
— — — — — in the type-mould, 445
— — — not perfect in 1439, 394
— — — probable causes of, 15, 28
— — — waited for readers, 45
— — — version of Bertius, 347
— — — — — Coornhert, 327
— — — — — De Vries, 357
— — — — — Erasmus, 318, 345
— — — — — Guicciardini, 329
— — — — — Jo. Frid. Faustus, 478
— — — — — Junius, 330
— — — — — Koning, 356
— — — — — Meerman, 353, 354
— — — — — Scaliger, 257
— — — — — John Schœffer, 473
— — — — — Scriverius, 348
— — — — — Seiz, 352
— — — — — Trithemius, 445, 474
— — — — — Van Zuren, 328
— — — — — Wimpheling, 393
— — — — — Zell, 315
Invention of printing ink, 40, 331, 533
Inventions of the middle ages, 177
Invention of types, not boasted of, 435
— — — alleged thefts of, 332, 342
Ireland, the book-makers of, 147
Italy, early printers of, 500
— its enthusiasm for the art, 505
Jan, the printer at Antwerp, 314
Janszoon not Janszoon Coster, 356, 368
Japan, paper of, 133
Jenson Nicholas, 465
— — as a type founder, 502
John of Gamundia, calendar of, 241
John of Westphalia, as a publisher, 498
Judgment of Man after Death, 483
Junius Hadrian, sketch of his life, 334
— — credulousness of, 336
— — history of, 335
Kepfer (or Keffer) Henry, 437, 495
Ketel Anthonis, of Haarlem, 320
Ketelaer and De Leempt, 498
Kerver Thielman, of Paris, 506
Keyser Peter, of Paris, 506
Knowledge, acquisition of, difficult, 263
Knowledge a monopoly, 146, 251
Koburger Anthony, of Nuremberg, 495
Koning’s book on the invention, 356
Koster Lourens Janszoon, see Coster.
Labor, division of, by printers, 521
Latin language, why preserved, 147
— — abbreviations of, 164
— — key to all knowledge, 176
Laurecrans of Scriverius, 348
Lead used by Gutenberg, 380
Leads first used by Schœffer, 467
Lecturn of the middle ages, 156
Leeu Gerard, industry of, 500
Legend of Haarlem, 326
— — — began with pedigree, 362
— — — contradictions of, 358
— — — early meagreness of, 328
— — — echo of false history, 340
— — — exposure of, 363
— — — improbability of, 346
— — — unfixed dates of, 350, 357
Legend of Walchius about the sale of first printed books at Paris, 466
Letters engraved, peculiarities of, 262
— — imperfections of, 200
Lettres de somme or Round Gothic, 313
— de forme or Pointed Gothic, 313
Letter of Indulgence of 1461, 433
Letters of Indulgence of 1454, 405
— — — Holbein’s satire on, 407
— — — popularity of, 408
— — — translation of, 409
Libraries, early, neglect of, 159
— in France and Burgundy, 167
Life of St. Meinrat, 246
Literature, decline of in old Rome, 44
— neglect of by the Church, 147
— of popular books, 187
— of the romance books, 165
— revolutionized by printing, 186
— the privilege of a class, 170, 251
Lithography, process of, 20
— invention of, 27
Little Book of the Mass, 284
London, early printing at, 508
Louvain, early printing at, 498
Lyons, early printing at, 506
Making-up badly done, 525
Mansion Colard, of Bruges, 499
Manuscripts, faultiness of, 540
Manutius Aldus, 503
— as an editor, 540
Marco Polo does not notice printing, 120
Marks of notaries, 123
Martens Thierry, 499
Master printers, changes of, 522
Mastery of printing, how acquired, 522
Materials early, imperfections of, 530
Matrices, as described by Trithemius, 475
Matrices of lead, 301, 303, 517
— of copper, 517
— conjoined, 303
— early method of making, 517
— early trade in, 515
— made of soft metal, 302, 475
Matrix, description of, 55
— early use of, 63
Mechanics in middle ages, 178
Medals in honor of Coster, 353, 354
Meerman Gerard, book of, 353
Memorials to Coster, 359
— — Gutenberg, 446, 447
Mendicant friars, 158
Mentel John, memorial to, 488
— — alleged invention of, 489
— — as a printer, 490
— James, 490
Mentz, revolt of burghers at, 377
— capture and sack of, 439
Methods of printing, 18, 317
Mexico, first printers of, 508
Milan, early printing at, 504
Miniaturists of middle ages, 166
Mirror-making in Germany, 391
Mirror of Salvation, 264
Mirror of the Clergy, 436
Mould, modern, description of, 57
— adjustable, notice of, 399, 518
— early, description of, 62
— of Gutenberg, 398, 447
Music, types for, 451, 516
Neglect of early printing, 444
Netherlands, block-printers of, 314, 315
— type-printers of, 281, 323, 498
— block-printing of, 252
Newspapers of old Rome, 44
— — China, 116
Nope Cune, decision of, 388
Nummeister, John, 436, 500
Nuremberg, early printing at, 495
Nuremberg, Chronicle of, 496
Offices of Cicero, 467
Order of King of France to Jenson, 465
Origines Typographicæ, 354
Ornamentation of manuscript books, 152
Painting of printed letters, 456
Palimpsests, 143
Pandects of Justinian, 286
Paper approved by the people, 187
— as made in Japan, 134
— — — in middle ages, 140
— — — in Spain, 139
— came before its time, 143
— disliked by calligraphers, 144
— earliest notices of, 137, 142
— early, badly made, 144
— great price of, 537
— linen and cotton, 138
— made of many qualities, 536
— neglected by copyists, 144, 186
— of early typographic printers, 537
— preceded printing, 41
— preferred to vellum by printers, 538
— selected for block-books, 248
— sizes of, 537
Paper-making, growth of, 141
Paper-marks not a guide to age, 310
— of unknown printer, 308
— why made, 309
Paper-mills, early notices of, 141
Paper money of China, 121
Papillon’s story of the Cunios, 129
Papyrus not fit for printing, 41
Parchment, how made, 538
Paris, reception of printing at, 466
— first printers at, 505
Paul of Prague, testimony of, 486
Peculiarities of Criminal Law, 286
Pedigree of Coster family, 361
— — — — its exposure, 363
— — — — its forgery, 364
— — — — its insufficiency, 363
Pfister Albert, our first knowledge of, 481
— — as a block-printer, 484
— — as an inventor, 484
— Sebastian, 486
Pi-Ching, an early Chinese printer, 112
Pictures came before books, 69
— general fondness for, 182, 249
Pigouchet Phillipe, of Paris, 506
Platen, smallness of, 529
Playing Cards, Chinese, 98
— — date of introduction, 99, 108
— — denounced by clergy, 100
— — early, cost of, 96, 100
— — early forms of, 104
— — early notices of, 91, 95
— — manufacture of, 89
— — of France and Italy, 96, 97
— — of Germany, 91
— — popularity of, 95
— — preceded image prints, 107
— — rudely made, 107
— — strange games of, 101
— — suggestive of printing, 106
Pliny’s notice of portraits in books, 111
Points for making register, 531
Polishing of gems taught by Gutenberg, 390
Pomerium Spirituale, 244
Pope Pius II, treatises of, 287
Presswork, early method of, 529
— alters appearance of types, 300
— as done in China, 114
— daily performance of, 115, 531
— early, in colors, 531
— early practice of, 530
— imperfections of, 529
— of block-books, 248
— of Colard Mansion, 458
— of early type printers, 530
— of Gutenberg, 412, 421, 434
— of Schœffer, 454, 462
— of unknown printer, 305
— on textile fabrics of Italy, 127
— process of, 307
Prices of manuscript books in old Rome, 43
— of medieval books, 169
— of printed books, 512
— paid for printing, 504, 505
Print-coloring, early practice of, 94
Printers, early, activity of, 511
Printers, early names for, 486
— armorial shield of, 488
— at Mentz before 1500, 493
— earliest in Germany, 493
— — — Central Europe, 493
— — — Great Britain, 507
— — — France, 505
— — — Italy, 500
— — — New World, 508
— — — Spain, etc, 507
Printing, ambiguity of the word, 17, 315
— aided by painting, 456
— by friction, 83
— — — difficulties of, 204
— Chinese method of, 115
— depends on other aids, 47
— derivation of from China, 120
— different methods of, 18
— early, in Netherlands, 314
— early prejudices against, 450, 510
— from engraved stamps, 37
— German origin of, 508
— in clay, 34
— not always economical, 190
— not generally welcomed, 510
— of Psalter of 1457, 452
— on one side, reason of, 248, 291
— on textile fabrics, 128
— permanence of the art, 541
— benefit from, 541
— waited for readers, 172, 191
— with a brush, 115
Printing Press, construction of, 528
— — Lignamine’s notice of, 530
— — operation of, 529
Printing Presses, cost of, 498
Proof-planer, use of, 84
Proof-reading, early notice of, 469
— how done, 539
Psalter of 1457, beauty of, 452
— — — colophon of, 459
— — — editions of, 460
— — — the designer of, 459
Publishers of old Rome, 43
— in Italy, 505
Punch, description of, 55
Punch-cutters were goldsmiths, 514
Punch-cutting not done by printers, 514
— importance of, 54
Punches of steel, 517
— of wood, 301
— of Gutenberg, 435
Quadrats, substitutes for, 280
— proper use of, 305
Quintilian’s notice of stencils, 36
Rationale Durandi, 460
Register, means used for making, 531
— of colors, how done, 456, 531
— — — in Psalter of, 1457 458
Register of pages, early, how done, 531
Registrum chartarum, 526
Reimboldt, testimony of, 386
Religious dissensions, 180
Ripoli Press at Florence, 503
— — materials used by, 66, 533
Rome, early printing at, 501
Rooman Gillis and Adrien, 320
Rubricated books of middle ages, 152
— — of early printers, 531
Sahspach Conrad, testimony of, 384
Sand moulds, 301, 518
Savage on the Psalter of, 1457 456
Scaliger J. J., about Horarium, 257
Schœffer Peter, as a copyist, 449
— as a judge, 471
— as a printer, 458
— as a punch-cutter, 461, 470
— as a trader, 470
— as a type-founder, 461
— as an inventor, 469, 477
— borrows a book, 468
— descendants of, 494
— false claims of, 469, 472
— memory of, neglected, 477
— pupil of Gutenberg, 450
— succeeds Gutenberg, 430
— vanity of, 469
Schœffer John, testimony of, 473
Schoepflin Daniel, 353
Schott John, claims of, 488
School books of middle ages, 187
Schools of the middle ages, 177
Schultheiss Hans, testimony of, 384
Scriptorium of monasteries, 148
Scriverius Peter, 348
Secrets of printing stolen, 332, 342
Section, definition of term, 212
Seiz and his book, 350
Senefelder Alois, the lithographer, 27
Sensenschmidt John, 495
Seven Penitential Psalms, 285
Sewing of books, 154
Sidenneger Hans, testimony of, 384
Signatures, early use of, 526
Spacing out of lines, 291, 526
Specklin Daniel, 489
Speculum Salutis, a Dutch book, 275
— — as noticed by Junius, 331
— — blocks of destroyed, 280
— — description of, 264
— — translation of, 311
— — editions of, 269
— — its workmanship, 270
— — not an experiment, 282
— — printed from types, 274
— — probably printed at Utrecht, 311
— — teachings of the book, 267
— — variable letters of, 273
— — when printed, 311
Spira John de, of Venice, 501
Spyess Wygand, 441
Stamping of single letters, 126
— on textile fabrics, 127
Stamps of Babylon and Assyria, 30
— — copyists, 125
— — Egypt, 32
— — middle ages, 38
— — Romans, 37
— — printers of textile fabrics, 127
Stationers of Paris, 160
St. Bridget, print of, 74
St. Christopher, print of, 70
Steel-plate printing, process of, 18
Steinbach Thomas, testimony of, 385
Stencil-plates of old Romans, 93
— of card-makers, 94
Stereotype moulds, 300
Stereotyping, its advantages, 24
Stick of early compositors, 523
Stocker Mydehart, testimony of, 384
Story of the Blessed Virgin, 219
Strasburg, early printing at, 490, 494
St. Thomas of Aquinas, book of, 468
Suabia, abode of early engravers, 75
Surfaces, varieties of in printing, 18
Sweinheym and Pannartz, 501
Temptations of the Devil, 245
Thomaszoon Gerrit, 361, 367
Title-page, first appearance of, 526
Tool of four pieces, mysterious, 384
— — — — not a press, 397
— — — — not types nor pages, 398
— — — — probably a mould, 399
Torquemada on Health of Soul, 287
Torresani Andrew, 503
Trade-marks of middle ages, 124
Trades early, secrecy of, 390
Transferring, by Chinese method, 112
Transferring, process of, 276
Treatise on Celebration of Mass, 436
— on Love, 287
— on Necessity of Councils, 436
— on Reason and Conscience, 437
Trial of Gutenberg at Strasburg, 380
Trial of Gutenberg at Mentz, 425
Trithemius, testimony of, 474
Two pages printed in one form, 270
Tympan of hand press, 307
Type-casting, as done in 1564, 62
— as done in 1683, 59
— modern, by machine, 58
— slowness of hand-work, 60
Type-founding, relation of Trithemius, 474
— — of Faustus, 478
— an art of slow growth, 516
— in sand moulds, 301
— as done by Didot, 302
— as done by Franklin, 303
— by novices, 324, 517
— early notices of, 435, 459
Type-making a secret art, 61
— in China, 113, 118
Type-metal, ingredients of, 66, 519
Type-mould, the key to the invention, 67
Type-mould, adjustable, 399, 519
— made by goldsmiths, 514
— of early printers, 59, 517
— of Garamond, 399
— of Gutenberg, 401
— of sand, 300
Types of wood, Junius’s description of, 339
— — — as made in Japan, 53
Types of wood, experimental, 479, 489
— — — De la Borde’s theory of, 295
— — — limitations of, 53
— — — Specklin’s description of, 489
— as made by Conrad Winters, 520
— Chinese, early forms of, 112
— — modern — —, 117
— early, cast and not cut, 298, 476
— early faces of, 515
— early speculations about, 36
— engraved, impracticable, 53, 295
— Gothic, popularity of, 516
— how made, 521
— of Jenson, 502
— made by one method only, 53
— made in sand moulds, 301
— must be accurate, 52
— not made with system, 518
— of brass, notices of, 65
— of glass, 487
— of Gutenberg, 443
— of lead, as made by Blades, 300
— — — — — — Coster, 339
— of porcelain, 112
— of Schœffer, 470
— quantity of usually cast, 521
— smallest sizes in 15th century, 518
— unknown printer, 284
— variations of form explained, 298
Typography, advantages of, 23, 26
— cheapness of method, 23
— Chinese method of, 113
— claimants of invention, 27
— depends on other aids, 47
— erroneous ideas about, 49
— is a science, 375
— not fruit of engraving, 395
— period of its invention, 27
— why it was delayed, 39
Typothetæ, arms of, 488
Uneven spacing in early printing, 451
University of Paris, 160
Unknown printer of Netherlands, 282
— — period of, 325
Unknown printer, workmanship of, 324
Utrecht, early printing of, 498
— Speculum traced to, 311
Valdarfer Christopher, 505
Van der Linde’s Haarlem Legend, 11
— — — exposure of fraud, 374
Van Eyck Hubert, 41
Veldener John, 280, 281, 498
Vellum, how made, 538
— early scarcity of, 164
— not suitable for printing, 41, 538
Venice, early printing in, 501
— famous for printing, 503
— playing cards of, 89
— relations of with China, 120
— the school of typography, 503
Verard of Paris, 506
Vindiciæ Typographicæ, 353
Vocabularium ex quo, 441
Von Bischoviszheim, testimony of, 387
Von Seckingen, testimony of, 387
Von Zabern Barbel, testimony of, 383
Weidenbach, printing at, 495
William of Saliceto, Treatise of, 287
Wimpheling, testimony of, 393
Winaricky’s book on Gutenberg, 378
Wine-flagons of Coster, 340
Witnesses on trial at Strasburg, 388
Wittig Ivo, tablet of, 447
Witty Speeches of Great Men, 286
Wonders of Rome, the block-book, 243
Wood-cuts, early, merit of, 68
— difficult to print with types, 278
— dissimilarities of, 206, 239
— early, designed by artists, 227
— later, inferiority of, 536
— liability to warp, 535
— mutilations of, 207, 219, 280
— neglected by early printers, 535
— not printed with types, 271
Wood types, impracticability of, 295
— — Enschedé’s remarks on, 297
— — experiments with, 295
Wood used by early engravers, 203
Xylography, limitations of, 26, 263
— Chinese method of, 114
— first method of, 317
— not applicable to books, 263
— not Gutenberg’s art, 396
— not practised at Haarlem, 320
Zainer Gunther, 497
Zappe Paul, the ambassador, 407
Zarot Anthony, 504
Zell Ulric, about the Donatus, 315, 256
— — as a printer, 494
[p555]
ADDITIONAL NOTES AND CORRECTIONS.
PAGE 24. In the second line of foot-note, change two-thirds to
four-ninths.
27. The exact date of the complete invention of copper-plate printing
is unfixed. Vasari says that Finiguerra’s discovery was made in 1450,
but that the Italian practice of making plate prints began about 1460.
It is obvious that the alleged discovery in 1450 of the fact that the
blacking placed in incised lines could be transferred to paper by
pressure was not the complete invention of copper-plate printing. Much
more had to be done. The earliest dated Italian print by this method is
of the year 1465. The earliest authentic German print is dated 1446.
There are others attributed to the years 1422, 1430, 1440, but they are
not accepted as genuine by Passavant. See _Peintre-Graveur_, vol. I,
pp. 192–197.
Senefelder’s first suggestion of lithography was entertained in 1796,
but his vague notions about printing from stone did not assume a
practical shape before 1798. He did not receive, and perhaps was not
entitled to, his patent before 1800.
34. The exact size of the Assyrian cylinder illustrated on this page is
seven inches high and three inches wide at each end.
64. On page 447, the date of the erection of this stone by Wittig
is put down at 1508, which is the date given by Bernard and by many
others. But Wetter, from whose book this statement was taken, knowing
that Wittig was dead in 1507, altered the date to 1507. Helbig does
not accept either date. He thinks that it should be 1504. _Notes et
dissertations_, pp. 10, 11.
65. In foot-note, change _exculptis_ to _exsculptis_.
77. I have followed De la Borde’s translation of this indulgence, which
makes the time seventeen thousand years, but Holtrop’s translation
is fourteen thousand years. The popes supposed to be associated with
Gregory in the promulgation of this indulgence were the Anti-pope
Benedict XIII at Avignon, and Pope John XXIII. Holtrop does not regard
this as a print of 1418; he places it between 1455 and 1470.
82. It is possible that engraving on wood was done in England in the
first half of the fifteenth century. Ottley, in his _Inquiry concerning
the Invention of Printing_, page 198, describes an English print of the
crucifixion, with legend in English, which he says may be as old as the
St. Christopher. This is the legend: “Seynt Gregor. with oyer [other]
popes & bysshoppes yn seer, Haue graunted of pardon XXVI. mill yeer. To
yeym yat befor yis fygur on yeir knees Devoutly say .v. pater noster
.&.v. Auees.” Weigel has given other fac-similes of early English
engraving.
96. Chatto says that Gringonneur was paid 56 sols about 1393. Passavant
says 50 sols. Lacroix says 1392, and estimates the value of 56 sols in
modern money at 180 francs.
98. In third line of second paragraph, change fifteenth to fourteenth.
104. In third line of foot-note, change printers to painters.
111. In foot-note, last line of small type, change chap. I to chap. II.
150. Change John I, 3, to John III, 1.
150. Lacroix gives the date of 1292 for the employment of the seventeen
book-binders at the University of Paris.
177. In sixth line of note, change 1435 to 1430, and the word double to
thrice.
180. In eleventh line, change 1385 to 1381.