head and moderately stout body. Teeth small, 23 above and 27 below.
Color greenish black with flanks or posterior sides white.
_Remarks._--A rare off-shore species.
=Physeter catodon= Linnaeus
Sperm whale
_Description._--A toothed whale about 60 feet long; head enormous,
squarish; teeth conical, 50 or fewer in lower jaw.
_Remarks._--Occurs off the coast of Washington and rarely enters the
Straits of Juan De Fuca.
=Kogia breviceps= (Blainville)
Pigmy sperm whale
_Description._--Similar to the sperm whale in proportions but less than
10 feet in length.
_Remarks._--A rare species whose habits are little known. The available
information concerning this species in the Atlantic has been summarized
by Allen (1941).
=Rhachianectes glaucus= (Cope)
Gray whale
_Description._--A relatively slender whale, about 40 feet in length;
dorsal fin absent; baleen short, yellow in color; color of body mottled
gray or blackish.
_Remarks._--The gray whale was once abundant and occurred off the coast
of Washington in spring and summer migrations. Hunted until now rare.
=Balaenoptera physalus= (Linnaeus)
Finback whale
_Description._--A relatively slender whale, up to 82 feet in length;
dorsal fin far posterior, prominent; baleen in two slabs, well
developed, about two feet in length and gray in color; color of body
blackish or brownish above, white below.
_Remarks._--Recorded off-shore.
=Balaenoptera borealis= Lesson
Sei or Pollack whale
_Description._--Similar to the finback whale but dorsal fin larger;
baleen dark; body dark blue or brownish; belly with restricted white
area.
_Remarks._--Recorded off-shore.
=Balaenoptera acutorostrata= Lacépède
Pike whale
_Description._--A small whalebone whale, about 30 feet in length; body
slender; head pointed; pectoral fin well developed and prominent; baleen
short, white; color black above, white beneath.
_Remarks._--A rare species that has been recorded from Washington.
=Sibbaldus musculus= (Linnaeus)
Blue whale or sulphur-bottom whale
_Description._--Largest of the whales; length up to 100 feet; body
slender; head flat above, rounded beneath; dorsal fin slender but
prominent; baleen in two series, heavy and black; belly with numerous
longitudinal ridges; color bluish black above, yellow beneath.
_Remarks._--Probably uncommon off-shore.
=Megaptera novaeangliae= (Borowski)
Humpback whale
_Description._--A medium-sized, stout-bodied whale up to 54 feet in
length; dorsal fin low, not prominent; head flat above, rounded beneath;
prominent "hump" at back of head; belly with numerous longitudinal
ridges; baleen small; color blackish or grayish above, paler below; body
characteristically blotched with patches of whitish barnacles.
_Remarks._--The humpback is the commonest whale off the coast of
Washington, often coming into northern Puget Sound.
=Eubalaena sieboldii= (Gray)
Pacific right whale
_Description._--A large whale, 60-70 feet in length, with enormous,
rounded head; dorsal fin absent; belly lacking longitudinal ridges;
baleen blackish, 8 feet in length; color uniformly blackish.
_Remarks._--A much hunted species now probably rare off shore.
HYPOTHETICAL LIST
MAMMALS OTHER THAN CETACEANS POSSIBLY OCCURRING IN WASHINGTON OF WHICH
SATISFACTORY RECORD IS LACKING
1. _Ursus canadensis_ Merriam, grizzly bear.--This species has been
recorded from Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, 30 miles northeast
from the northeastern corner of the state of Washington and may
have occurred in northeastern Washington.
2. _Ursus idahoensis_ Merriam, grizzly bear.--Recorded by Merriam
(1918: 54) from the Wallowa Mountains, Oregon. This form may have
occurred in the Blue Mountains of southeastern Washington.
3. _Vulpes fulva macroura_ Baird, red fox.--Reported from the Blue
Mountains and northeastern Washington; no specimen recorded.
4. _Canis lupus columbianus_ Goldman, wolf.--Possibly occurred in
northeastern Washington in historic time, and perhaps is
occasionally still found there.
5. _Canis lupus irremotus_ Goldman, wolf.--Perhaps once occurred
in southeastern Washington.
6. _Mirounga angustirostris_ (Gill), sea elephant.--May occur as a
casual wanderer off the coast of Washington. The home of this
species is Lower California but a dead specimen was washed upon
the shore of Prince of Wales Island, Alaska (Willett, 1943: 500).
7. _Perognathus parvus laingi_ Anderson, Great Basin pocket
mouse.--Probably present in the mountains east of Lake Osoyoos in
Washington, but no specimens have yet been collected.
8. _Synaptomys borealis artemisiae_ Anderson, northern lemming
mouse.--Probably present in the Cascades of northern Okanogan
County but no specimens have yet been obtained.
9. _Antilocapra americana_ (Ord) subsp?, pronghorned
antelope.--This species is restricted to North America and once
ranged over much of the plains region of the western part of the
continent. Taylor and Shaw (1929: 31) included the antelope in
their list of Washington mammals with the statement "Now
extirpated within State; the former range of the pronghorn
included much of the plains country of eastern Washington." So far
as known to me, there is no record by any of the early explorers
of antelope killed or seen in what is now Washington. No bones of
antelope have been discovered in caves in eastern Washington.
Ogden (1909: 339) mentions an antelope killed in Oregon a day's
journey south of The Dalles. This record is fairly close to
Washington and indicates that antelope might have occurred at
least in southeastern Washington in historic times.
ADDENDA
1. The antelope (_Antilocapra americana_) has been introduced into the
Yakima Valley by the state of Washington, Department of Game.
2. The elephant seal (_Mirounga angustirostris_) has been discovered off
the coast of Washington (Seattle _Times_, April 15, 1947, p. 3).
3. The yellow-pine chipmunk of the Blue Mountains has been described as
a new subspecies, _Eutamias [Tamias] amoenus albiventris_ Booth,
Murrelet, 28 (no. 1):7, 1947. Type locality Wickiup Spring, 23 miles
west of Anatone, Asotin-Garfield County boundary.
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