ENGLISH. | PHÖ.
------------------------+------------------------
Able, to be | Pang; Hang; Ku-i
About to | Nung
Above | Keh vai
According to | Sai
Account (bill) | Hang
Add, to--to | Lai
Advantage | Liang
Affair | Shih
Again | Niang
Ago, a moment | Fa
Air | Poung
All | Tou
Alley | Ka
Allow | Hsüeh
Also | Nung; niang
Ancestor | Kau
Animals | Tieh ‘hi
Ankle | Tiu ngêng
Arm | Kou
Armpit | Ka sho
Arrange | Shu
Arrive at | Leh
As | Liu
As well | Niang
Ascend | Chieh
Ashamed | Shi sa
Ask | Tou; Nai
At | Niang hang
Attend to | Kuei
Authorise | Chün
Autumn | Ch’iu
Avoid | Vieh
Back, the | Kou
Bag | Tui
Baggage | ‘Hi
Balance, a | Tai
Ball | Poh
Bamboo | Tou ki
Basin | Keh
Be, to | Mai; Tiao; Si
Beans | Tou pang
Beard | Hsieh nieh
Beasts | Tieh ‘hi
Beat, to | Tüeh
„ (the ground) | Pieh
Because | Yi vai
Bed | Ch’u
Bedding | Pang pung
Bee | Keh vah
Beeswax | Chieh
Before (place) | Keh tang
„ (time) | Hsüeh
Beginning, in the | Tang tang
Behave, to | Ta
Behead | Sai
Behind | Keh kai
Belly | Ka chiang
Below | Nga; Keh ta
Bend, a | Kung
Bestow | Hsiang pai
Bid, to | Koh
Bind | Suh
Bitterness | I
Black | ‘Hlai
Blow, to | Choh
Blue | Lieh
Boar, wild | Pa ghou
Boat | Niang
Body (person) | Chieh
Boil, to | Hao
Bone | Sung
Book | Tu
Borrow | Hsi
Bowl, a | Ti
Box | Tiang
Brains | ‘Hlui
Break, to | T’u
Breast, the | Kang
Breath | Poung
Brick | Hsüeh
Bridge, a | Luh
Bright | Ka
Brightness | Ka
Brisk | Niang ‘hui
Broad | Fieh
Broken | Ni
Broom | Tioh
Broth | Ou
Brother (elder) | Tiah
„ (younger) | Tei uh
Brow, the | Yen tieh
Brush, to | Shua
Buckwheat | Chiu
Buffalo | Niang
Build | Poh
Bundle, a | Kuei
Burn, to | Pieh
Bury | Liang
Bushel | Toh
Busy | Niah
Button | Koh
Button-hole | Niang
Buy | Mai
Cabbage | Go ‘hlou
Cage | Nguh
Call, to | Koh
Camel | Lu; T’u
Cap | Mau
Capital (of a province) | Chieh
Capture | Vi k’a
Care for | Yeou
Carpenter | Hsiang tou
Carpet | Ch’i ta
Carrot | Go pang hsia
Carry, to | Tiang
„ on shoulder | Keh
Cart | Lioh
Cast, to | Yoh
Catty | Chiang
Certainly | A sa.
Chair | Kuei yüeh
„ (Sedan) | Cho
Change, to | Kieh
„ (as water) | Vai
Charcoal | T’ai
Cheap | Chien-i
Chicken | Kei
Child | Ka-tai
Children | Ngang a
Chin | Ka kang
Choose | Tioh
Circumstances | Ch’ing
Clean | Sang niang
Clear | Ka
Close (tight) | Koh
Cloth | Hsi
Clothes | Uh
Clouds | Tang ang
Clutch | Wa
Coal | Mai
Coarse | Sa
Coat | Kua
Coin, a | Pei si
Cold | ‘Hui; Si
Collar, a | ‘Hlieh
Colour | Ka mai
Comb | Gah
Comb, to | Hsia
Come, to | Ta
Comfortable | ‘Hla
Commission, to | Sai
Communicate | Ch’üeh
Company, to bear one | Pai
Complete | Yeh
Conduct | ‘Hi
Confused | Nioh
Consequently | Chiu
Constant | Ka ka
Consult | Hsiang
Contain | Chi
Continual | Ka ka
Cool | ‘Hui
Copper | Tou
Copy, to | Cha
Correct, to | Kieh
Cotton (raw) | Mêng
„ (fabric) | Hsi
Cover, a | Mo
Cow | Lia
Crack, to | ‘Hlah
Crape | Hsiah
Crow, a | Au voh
Cup | O
Curtain | Hsiao
Cut open | P’a
„ (clothes) | Kêng
Cypress | Tou hsiang
Damp | Hsiu
Dark | ‘Hui
Daughter | Po a
Day | Vai
Daytime | Fieh
Dear | Kuei
Deceive | ‘Hla
Deck (of a boat) | Pi niang
Deep | To
Dense (wood) | Toh
Depressed | Mang ‘hi
Detain | ‘Hlia
Die, to | Ta
Difficult | Hsia
Dilly-dally | ‘Hliao ta
Dirty | Va
Discuss | Lai
Disease | Mang
Disorder | Lui
Dispense with | Vieh
Disperse | Say
Divide | Fai
Do | Pieh; ai
Dog | Koh
Donkey | Lui
Door | Tiu
Down | Nga
Draw out | ‘Hlia
Dreadful | Nia tiu
Dream | Pang
Dream, to | ‘Hlieh
Drink, to | Hou
Drum | Li
Dry | Nga
Duck | Kah
Dust | Ka pai
Dust, to | Ma
Dwell | Niang
Dye, to | Tou
Each | Ka
Ear | Ngi
Early | So
Earth | Tah
East | Keh nieh
Eat | Nêng
Egg | Keh
Eight | Ya
Empty | Kung
End | T’i
End, to | Chiu
Enemy | Hsi
Engrave | Tioh
Enough | Ko
Enter | Pou
Envelope | Ku
Err | Sa
Escape, to | Chu
Eternal | Sang sang
Every | Ka
Examine | Cha; kau
Exchange | T’ioh
Expect | Sang nieh
Expend | Fai
Extinguish | Ta
Extreme | Chiang
Eye | Mai
Eyebrow | Keh nang
Face, the | Mai
Far | T’o
Farthest | Chiung
Fast | ‘Hi; Hang
Fear, to | Hsi
Feed, to | I
Feel (touch), to | Sang
Felt (fabric) | Hsi
Female | A
Fern | Ho chiang
Fetch | ‘Hlioh
Few | Hsiu; Pa
Fight, to | Tüeh
Fine | Moung
Finger | Ta pi
Fir | Tou kei
Fire | T’u
Firewood | T’u
First | Tang tang
Fish | Nieh
Five | Chia
Fix, to | Ting
Flat | P’i
Flesh | Ngi
Float, to | Ch’a
Flour | Pai
Flow, to | ‘Hlao
Flower | Pieh
Follow | Hang
Fond of | Ghou
Foolish | Niah
Foot, the | Lao
„ (a measure) | Ch’i
Forest | Ghou
Forget | Tung
Fork, a | Tia.
Four | ‘Hlao
Fowl | Kei
Fragments, in | Sai
Frank | Niang ‘hui
Friend | Ka pou
Fruit | Chiang
Full | Pai
Furniture | Chia shih
Gain, to | Hsüeh
Gallop, to | Yeh
Generation | Pai
Get, to | Tao
Girdle, a | Hsioh
Give | Pai
Go away | Moung
„ out | ‘Hliu kou
„ towards | Moung
Goat | Li ghou
Gold | Chieh
Gong | Nioh
Good | Ghou
Good-looking | Niang
Goods | Hu
Goose | Ngieh
Granary | Niung
Grandson | ‘Hlieh
Grasp, to | Wa
Grass | Niang
Grasshopper | Kou
Grave, a | Pa liang
Gray | Hsiang
Great | ‘Hlioh
Green | Nioh
Grief | A shi
Ground, the | Tah
Grow | Lai
Guest | K’a
Hair | Ha ‘hliang
Half | Tang
Hand | Pi
Hang, to | Tioh
„ up | Fi
Hard | Koh
Hare | Lo
Harm, to | ‘Ha
Haul, to | Toh
Have | Mai
He | Ngi
Head | Koh
„ of criminal | Fi
Hear | Tang
Heart | ‘Hlu
Heavens | Vai
Heavy | Tiung
Heel | Lia
Helm | Tui niang
Here | Ha nung
High | ‘Hi
Hold (ship’s) | Niang nung
Hold (in hand), to | Luh
„ (of), to lay | Tieh
„ (of), to clutch | Wa
Home | Chieh
Hope, to | Sang nieh
Horn | Ki
Horse | Ma
Hot | Hsioh
House | Chieh
Hundred | Pa
I | Vai
Idle | Ngai
In | Tiu
Inch | Sai
Inform | Hsieh
Inhabit | Niang
Injure | ‘Ha
Injurious | Nia tiu
Ink | Mö
Inn | P’au
Insect | Ai tiou
Inside | Keh tiung
Interest | Liang
Iron | ‘Hlou
Jaws | Mang
Join, to | ‘Ha
Joint (of body) | Yeh
Jump | Ti; Shu
Kill | Ma
Kind (sort) | Tiu
Kitchen | Kau sao
Kite (bird) | ‘Hlieh
Kneecap | Koh chiang
Know | Pang
Lake | Ung
Lamp | Tai
Language | Si
Large | ‘Hlioh
Late | Pang
Laugh, to | Tioh
Layer | Lang
Leaf | Nou
Learn | Liu
Leather | Ka li
Leg | Pa
Leisure | K’ung
Lend | T’u
Length (time) | Tah pang
Leopard | Mpieh
Letter | Sai
Lie, to tell a | ‘Hli si
Light | Ka
„ (weight) | Fa
„ to | Tiao
Lightning | Li foh
Like | Toh
Lime | Gi ‘hui
Lined | Tang
Lips | Pou lo
Little, a | Nang
Live at, to | Ai
Load (pack) | Tu
Loins | ‘Hla
Long | Ta
Lose | Fa; Fieh
Louse | Keh hsiang
Loutish | Niah
Love, to | A
Magpie | Au kah
Make | Ai
Male | Tia
Man | Nai
Many | Nao
Market, a | Hsiang
Mast | Tou niang
Master | Ka
Mat | Tieh
Meat | Ngi
Medicine | Chia
Meet, to | Hui
Mend | P’ai
Method | Hsiang
Milk | Voh
Miserly | K’ei
Miss, to | Fa
Mist | Ngioh
Moist | Li
Monstrous | Lo hsüeh
Month | Tu
Moon | ‘Hla
Mountain | Pieh
Mouth | Lo
Move (act), to | Tioh
Mulberry | Chieh
Mule | Luh
Musket | Hsiung
Must | Tao; Sung ou
Nail | Tiang
„ (finger) | Kang pi
Name | Pieh
Narrow | Ngi
Nation | Kuei
Near | Ngeh
Neck | Ka ‘hlieh
Needle | Chiu
New | ‘Hi
Niggardly | K’ei
Night | Pang
Nine | Chu
Noon | Tiung tai
North | Pei
Nose | Pao nüeh
Not | A
Note (bank) | P’iao
Numerative of boats | Chao
„ books | Pai
„ carts | Lai
„ clothes | P’ang
„ guns | Ka
„ horses | Tei
„ houses | Say
„ ink | ‘Hli
„ lamps | Lai
„ men | Lai
„ pens | Kai
„ stools | Lai
Oak | Tou kau
Oar | ‘Hliu niang
Odd (over) | Ka
Office (public) | Ngah
Officer (military) | Kuei lieh
Oil | Tiang
Old (years) | Lu
„ (not new) | Koh
On | Vai
One | Yi
Onion | Gha sung
Open, to | Pu
Or | Hu
Order (in series) | Ka
Ounce | Liang
Outside | Keh kou
Owe (money) | K’eh
Ox | Lia
Place, a | Tuoh
Pack, to | Chi
Pain | Mang
Paint, to | ‘Ha
Pair, a | Niu
Pan, cooking | Vi
Paper | Tu
Part | Fai
Pass, to | Tioh
Paste | ‘Hnieh
Patch, to | Hsi
Peaceful | Pi
Peas | Vieh chioh
Pen | Chieh
Pheasant | Niung
Picul | Tan
Pig | Pa
Pigeon | Koh ghoa
Pipe (tobacco) | Tiung yeh
Pit, a | Kang
Pity, to | Ch’i kuei
Place, to | ‘Hlia
„ a | Tiao
„ in a series | Ka
Plates | P’ieh
Play, to | A chieh
Plough | Kah
Point, a | Ngah
Poor | Hsia
Possessive particle | Pieh
Pot | Chieh
Pour, to | Chia; Liang
Powder | Chia pa
Prepare | Hao
Present, the | Nung
„ to | Pai
Price | Ka
Prohibit | A hsüeh
Prompt | Niang ‘hui
Proud | Au
Province, a | Sai
Pull | ‘Hlioh
Pupil | Chu tai
„ of eye | Chiu chi
Pursue | Ngong; T’ou
Put, to | ‘Hlia
„ on | Nieh
Queue | Chiao mi
Quick (temper) | ‘Hi
„ (speed) | Hang
Quiet | T’ieh
Rage, to be in a | Toh
Rain | Nung
Raise | Sai
Rat | Nieh
Raw | Niu
Rebel, to | Fieh
Receive | Hshou
„ (a guest) | Sei
Reckon | Sui; Ngieh
Recline | Pang
Recognise | Hsiang
Red | Hsiau
Rejoice | Ka ‘hi
Relatives | Hsiu ka
Release, to | Hsiang
Remember | Nieh
Remove | Hsiou
Repair | Hsüeh
Repay | Poh
Repeatedly | Chi chiang
Repose, to | Hui
Represent | Tang
Request, to | Sai; Tou
Resemble | Tung
Respectable | Lah
Return, to | Loh; Tiang
Rice | Ka; Sai
Ride, to | Chieh
Ridge (mountain) | Fai ‘hlong
Right, to be | Ku-i
Ripe | Hsieh
Rise, to | Fa
River | Tiang
Road | Keh
Robber | Tsui; Nieh lei
Room, a | Ch’ung
Root (tree) | Chiung
Round | ‘Hlui
Rounds, to go the | ‘Ha
Rub, to | Mang
Run, to | Yeh
„ against | Luh
Sad | Mang ‘hi
Salt | Hsieh
Saucers | P’ieh niu
Scatter | Tiang
Scrape, to | Kieh
Sea | ‘Hai
See, to | Ngieh
Seek | Hao
Select, to | Tioh
Sell | Mei
Sentence (words) | Ho
Set, a | Pang
Seven | Hsiung
Several | Hao nao
Shallow | Nieh
Shame | Sa
Share | Fai
Shave | T’i
Sheep | Li
Sheet (paper) | Lieh
Shine | Chieh
Shirt | Uh lai
Shoes | ‘Ha
Shop | P’au
Short | Lai
Shoulders | Hang chieh
Shut | Suh
Side | Pau; P’i
Sides (body) | Hang
Silk | Hsieh
Silly | Niah
Silver | Ngi
Similar | Toh
Sing | Tiao
Single | Tei; Chiang
Sit | Niang
Six | Tiu
Sleep, to | Pieh ‘hlai
Sleeve | Mu
Slow | A ‘hi
Small | Niu
Snow | ‘Hliu
Soft | Mai
Soldier | Lieh
Some | Nao hsiu; Pa
Son | Pu tai
Sound, a | Poh
Soup | Ch’ia
South | Nan
Sovereign | Vang
Sow, to | Tiang
Spacious | Fieh
Sparrow | Nau tioh
Speak | Kang
Spider | Keh gah
Spine, the | Tiu
Spirit, a | Sai
Spoil, to | P’a
Spoon | Tiao kên
Spread | Pou
Spring | Ch’ün
Sprinkle | Tia
Sprouts | I
Staff, a | Pang
Stand up | Hsiu
Stars | Tai kai
Steal | Nieh
Still (quiet) | T’ieh
Stitch | Ngang
Stockings | Wa
Stone, a | Gi
Stool, a | Tang
Storey, upper | Pang
Stove, a | Sao
Straight | Tei
Strange | Lo
Street | Ka
Strength | Go
Strike, to | Tüeh
String (of cash) | Tioh
Strong | Mai^1 go
Study, to | Ngi
Stupid | Chiu niu
Stutterer | La
Subscribe | Chiang
Suddenly | Ngai
Sugar | T’ang
Suitable | Pi-i
Summer | Hsia
Sun | Tai
Surname | Sai
Swallow, to | Kuai
Sweat | Tiang
Sweep, to | Ch’ieh
Swim, to | Ch’a
Table | Tang
Take, to | Tieh
„ off | Ta; ‘Hlüeh
Tea | Chiang
Teach | Chiao
Teacher | Hsiang li
Tell | Hsieh
Temple | Nioh
Ten | Chiu
Tender | Igi
Terrace, a | Tiang
That | Ai; Moung; Tieh
There | Ha moung
They | Ngi tau
Thick | Ta
Thigh | Pa
Thin | Ngieh
Thing | Keh nung keh ai
Think | Niah
This | Nung
Thou | Moung
Thousand | Say
Thousand, ten | Ver
Thread | Foh
Three | Pieh
Throat | Ka kung
Throw, to | Yoh
Thunder, to | Poh foh
Tie up | Chiah
Tiger | Hsioh
Tile, a | Ngai
Time | Shih
Time, a long | La
Tin | Say
Tobacco | Yeh
Together with | ‘Ha
Tongue | Ni
Tooth | Mpi
Torn | Ni
Towards | Sang
Trade | Chiang
Treat, to | Ta
Tree | Tou
Trifle | A chieh
Trouble | Goh
Trousers | K’au
True | Tei
Turnip | Go pang ‘hluh
Two | Au
Typhoon | ‘Hlioh chiang
Ugly | Hsia ka
Uncap, to | ‘Hlüeh
Understand | Tang
Up | Chieh
Up, to get | Fa
Upright | Ta ti
Upset, to | Koh
Urge | Sui
Use, to | Hsia
Vase | To
Vegetables | Ngau
Very | Kuai; Va
Village | Yüeh
Visit, to | Ch’iu
Wadded | Pong
Wait | Tang
Waist | ‘Hla
Wall, city | Hao
Want, to | Ou
Warm | Hsioh
Wash | So; Sa
Watch (night) | Kêng
Wave, a | Lang
Wax | La
We | Pieh
Weak | Mai ^4go
Wear, to | Tou; Tiao
Weigh | ‘Hlia
Weight | Tiung fa
Well, a | Mai
Wet | Hsiu
What? | Kai shi
Wheat | Ka mieh
Whence | Kêng hang
White | ‘Hluh
Who? | Tê shi
Wild | Ghou
Wind | Chiang
Winding | Koh
Window | Kantlong
Wine | Chu
Winter | Tung
Wish, to | Hang
With | ‘Ha; Na
Woman | Mi
Wood, a | Ghou
Wooden | Tou
Wool | ‘Hliang li
Words | Li
Worth, to be | Hsi
Wrap, to | Kuei
Write | Sei
Yam | Nah
Year | ‘Hniu
Yellow | Fieh
Yesterday | Tai nung
Yet | Niang
You | Moung
You (pl.) | Mieh
Youth | Yi
NOTE ON OPIUM CULTIVATION IN CHINA AND INDIA.
In Chapter II. I made special reference to the cultivation of the poppy
and to the method of harvesting opium in Western China; but subsequent
personal observation in the eastern provinces has taught me that the
process, employed in the west, of collecting the juice is not the only
system practised in China. At Wênchow, in the province of Chêkiang,
where the poppy is extensively grown, a small instrument resembling a
carpenter’s plane takes the place of the multi-bladed wooden handle,
and the workman planes the skin of the capsule from the top downwards,
leaving a thin shaving adhering to the lower end of the poppy-head.
This is repeated four or five times round the same capsule at due
intervals. A dry cloudy day is selected for harvesting the drug, for
sunshine and rain are said to be inimical to a good collection. In
the former, the sap will not flow freely, while the latter dilutes
the drug. As soon as the side of the capsule has been planed, the
sap exudes from the exposed surface--sometimes so rapidly as to drop
down on the leaves and stem and be lost--and the collector, provided
with only a hollow bamboo wherewith he roughly scrapes off the juice,
follows close on the heels of the workman with the plane.
That the system in use in Western China approximates very nearly to
the Indian method will be seen from the following remarks on opium
cultivation in Western Malwa, for which I am indebted to my brother,
Andrew Hosie, C.M., M.D., Army Medical Staff, Mhow:--
“Opium cultivation in Western Malwa is carried on entirely by the
subjects of the native princes who rule in this part of India. The
seasons in Malwa are three, the hot, the rainy, and the cold; the hot
prevailing from the middle of March to the middle of June, the rainy
from the middle of June to the end of September, and the cold from that
onwards to the middle of March. The average rainfall is about thirty
inches, and the extremes of heat and cold experienced in Northern
India are wanting in this region. The soil is of the cotton variety,
resting on disintegrating trap rock. It is well watered by numerous
small streams, which ultimately find their way into the Jumna. Along
the banks of these streams, towards the end of the rainy season, the
industrious ryot and his family set about preparing the fields for
the poppy planting. They are first carefully manured with the village
refuse, ploughed and rolled after a most primitive fashion, and then
divided into rectangular plots about five feet by four, with a raised
border of earth some four inches high all round. These plots are so
arranged as to allow of their being watered with the greatest facility
from the stream or wells in the immediate vicinity. The seed having
been sown in the plots, the watering commences, the poppy, like the
sugar cane, being one of the thirstiest of plants. Morning and evening,
the ryot with his bullocks may be seen at the wells dragging up the
big skins of water, which is run by a series of gutters into the plots
all over the thirsty fields. This watering is carried out every third
day. The seeds having germinated and reached a few inches in height,
the superfluous plants are carefully weeded out, leaving ample space
for every individual plant remaining. About the beginning of January
they burst into beautiful red and white flowers, and the odour of the
poppy pervades the land. Towards the end of February, when the petals
begin to fall, and the capsules are still unripe and filled with milky
juice, the collection of the crop begins. In the evening, the opium
collector goes round and with a sharp knife scarifies each capsule on
one side in three parallel perpendicular cuts. He is careful that these
cuts are only superficial, for, if they penetrated into the interior
of the capsule, a loss of opium would take place and the oil-bearing
seed be spoiled. Next morning the collector goes round and collects
the tears of opium which have exuded during the night; these, as he
collects them, he either places in the palm of his hand or in a small
flat dish. The morning collection having been made, it is placed in an
earthenware vessel containing linseed oil. After this the process of
scratching and collecting is repeated three times on opposite sides of
the same capsule. It takes about a month to collect the whole crop.
Here the ryot’s dealing with the opium ends; it is conveyed to the
opium merchants at such centres as Indore, the capital of the Maharajah
Holkar, where it is made up for exportation.
“Malwa opium is found in many varieties, the principal of which are
flat circular cakes of about 4 to 8 and 16 ounces in weight, without
any external covering, soft blackish brown, with a heavy odour, and
pungent, bitter taste. Another variety occurs in balls about 10
ounces in weight, covered with broken poppy petals, dry, hard, and
brittle, and of a reddish colour. The yield of morphia--the true test
of quality--varies from 3 to 8 per cent., a very good percentage, so
that Malwa opium is looked upon in the medical world as being a very
reliable drug.
“After the opium crop has been obtained, the capsules are collected,
crushed, and the seed gathered. From this a yellowish oil is extracted,
much used by the natives for burning and cooking purposes. The seeds
themselves have no narcotic properties, and enter into the ingredients
of curries, and in some parts a sort of bread is made from them.
“Opium in its crude form is largely consumed by the cultivators
themselves, but not, as far as I am aware, to much excess. I have often
asked why they took it, and the answer has invariably been that it made
them feel happy, and that they were only by it able to do their day’s
work.
“Opium has been called the gift of God to man, and its many uses in
alleviating human suffering justify the expression; but the miserable
wrecks of humanity one sees from its abuse remind one forcibly how a
good may be turned to an evil, a blessing to a curse.
“Mhow, May 8, 1889.”
INDEX.
_Abutilon avicennae_, 22, 169
Agencies at Ch’ung-k’ing, Mercantile, 213
Agents at Ch’ung-king, British, 217
Agriculture in Yün-nan, 205
_Alba cera_, 189
_Aleurites cordata_, 18
Alien races, 123
Alpenstocks, Buddhist, 176
Amherst pheasants, 134
Ammunition, Stone, 66;
Phö, 227
Andrew, Mr. George, 134
Anhui, 190
Aniline dyes, 83
Animals, Chinese cruelty to, 44, 64
An-ning Chou, 56, 140, 143
An-ning River, 110, 111, 114, 116, 191, 192, 195
An-pien, 185
An-p’ing Hsien, 37, 38
An-shun Fu, 35, 38, 39, 40
Aquatic plants, 17
_Arachis hypogæa_, 83
Arbre, Memoire sur la cire d’, 189
Archways, Memorial, 39, 45, 71, 84
Armadillo skins, 91
_Arum aquaticum_, 163
Asbestos cloth, 106
Ash, 170, 197
_Atlas Sinensis, Novus_, 189
Baber, Mr., 70, 104, 105, 112, 113, 127, 133, 134, 140, 172,
190, 191, 192
Bamboo, 22, 27, 73, 82, 84, 88, 89, 160, 163, 165, 167;
hats, 44;
paper, 19
Bangles, 38
Banyan, 22, 72, 82, 163, 171, 184
Bark paper, 153
Barley, 16, 36, 37, 40, 50, 59
Barrow, Chinese, 89
_Batatas edulis_, 169
Beads, 124, 136
Bean-curd, 68;
bean-sauce, 169
Beans, 12, 22, 25, 37, 68, 71, 72, 82, 113, 115, 125, 126, 141,
149, 163, 165, 167, 172
Bedroom, Description of a Chinese, 81
Beech, 88
Bees, 110
Bees’ wax, 136
Beetle, Wax insect, 193, 197
Beggars, 40, 85, 91, 172, 175
Bells of pack-animals, 67
Bhamo, 55, 139, 204, 205
Birthday, Queen’s, 51
Blakiston, Captain, 8, 16
Blue Books, 217
_Boehmeria nivea_, 73
Botanist’s paradise, A, 135
Bracelets, 230
_Brachytarsus_, 193, 194
Bracken, 37, 72
Bramble, 129
Brick tea, 93, 95, 209;
its picking, value and carriage, 93-95;
carriers, 20, 94, 99;
preparation, 93;
Russian, 95;
standard of sale, 94;
three qualities of brick tea, 94;
transport, 94, 209
Bridges, 48, 62, 67, 84, 90, 91, 93, 97, 143, 152, 153, 158,
166, 167, 177, 181;
floating, 93;
natural, 48, 62, 154;
plank, 9;
suspension, 67
Bristles, Pigs’, 90
Brius, 125
Bronze pagodas, 174, 175;
temple, 174
Brooches, 96, 230
Broumton, Mr., 226
_Broussonetia papyrifera_, 153
Buckwheat, 45, 48, 59, 149, 169
Buddha, 171, 175
Buddha, Glory of, 162, 174-175, 177
Buddha’s hand, 32;
tree, 100
Buddhist alpenstocks, 176;
priests, 172, 175;
temples, 173, 175
Buffalo, White wax, 193
Buffaloes, 37, 124
Bugs, 151
Burmah, 34, 56, 138, 145, 157, 296;
Upper, 138, 203;
trade with China, 125, 139, 145
Cactus, 43, 100, 128
Caindu, 112, 122
Cakes, Insect-wax, 191
Cakes, Poppy-seed, 37
Camel, 140
_Camellia thea_, 56
Canals, Irrigating, 88, 171
Candles, Wax, 191
Cane-brakes, 82
Canton, 31, 86, 144, 204, 205;
Canton peddlers, 139;
Canton province, 142;
Canton River, 41
Carajan, Western, 129, 130
Caravan, 14, 67, 68, 70, 142, 148, 149, 162, 179, 183
Carcases of pack-animals, 64
Carp, 137
_Carthamus tinctorius_, 83
Carts, 32, 46, 55, 66, 121, 149
Cash currency, 15
Cassia, 113
Catastrophe, A mining, 154
Cave dwellings, 168, 170;
exploring, 47;
limestone, 40, 154;
Man-tzŭ caves, 168;
of the spirits, 42
Cement, A natural, 165
Central Provinces of China, 160, 222
Cereals:--
Barley, 16, 36, 40, 50, 59
Buckwheat, 45, 48, 59, 149, 169
Indian corn, or maize, 68, 113, 149, 163, 172
Millet, 163
Oats, 45, 47, 48, 59, 149
Rice, 15, 36, 68, 113, 163, 224
Wheat, 12, 22, 25, 36, 37, 40, 46, 50, 59, 71, 82, 99,
113, 115, 128, 141, 147, 149
Chair coolies, 14;
Hongs, 15
Chambers of Commerce:--Bengal, 221;
Manchester, 202;
Shanghai, 190, 217
Ch’ang--a Chinese measure of distance, 101
Chan-i Chou, 40, 50, 51, 145, 147
Chan-i-Chou Plain, 147, 148-149
Chanseaume, Père, 189
Chao-t’ung Fu, 65, 145, 155, 222;
Lake, 65;
Plain, 65, 66, 152, 222
Ch’ao Chou, 140
Chao-chou Fu, 142
Charcoal, 78, 84
Chefoo Agreement, 2, 8, 210, 211, 212, 216
Chê-kiang, 73, 190, 287
Chên-nan Chou, 140
Chên-ning Chou, 40, 41
Ch’êng Hai, 125
Ch’êng-tu Fu, 70, 85-87, 89, 92, 144
Ch’êng-tu Plain, 84, 88
Ch’i-chiang Hsien, 19, 20, 21, 22
Ch’i-chiang River, 20, 24, 208
Ch’i-hsing River, 153;
Bridge, 153
Chi-kan-shih, 186
Chia-ling River, 12, 71, 162, 163, 164, 168, 208, 209
Chiang-ti, 64, 65
Chia-ting Fu, 21, 87, 101, 102, 162, 170, 177, 178, 193,
194, 195, 196, 197
Chien-ch’ang, 70, 87, 99, 102, 111, 112, 192, 193, 195, 196;
Valley, 115, 140, 192, 194, 195, 197, 200, 209
Chien Chou, 83;
Plain, 83, 84
Chien-wei Hsien, 195
“Chih Yün-nan K’u,” 46
Chihli, 85, 190
Ch’ih-shui Hsün, 156
Ch’ih-shui River, 28, 155, 208
Chimneyless houses, 51, 52
Chin-chi Pass, 92
Chin Chiang, 111, 124, 126, 184, 204
Chin-chiang-kai, 126, 127
Chin-sha Chiang, 69, 204
Chin-yin-shan, 154
China, Commercial Metropolis of, 13;
grass, 163;
Inland Mission, 55, 144, 226;
“Nouvelle Rélation de la Chine,” 189;
Old Commercial Highway in, 31;
root, 106;
South Western, 57, 203, 224;
trade, 203;
Western, 1, 2, 8, 57, 60, 76, 87, 95, 111, 114, 117, 139,
143, 145, 171, 190, 201, 203, 210, 212, 216, 217, 220,
221, 223, 224, 225, 287.
Ch’ing-chên Hsien, 36, 37
Ch’ing-ch’i Hsien, 98-99
Ching-liu River, 167
Ch’ing-lung Hai, 141
Ching-mu tree, 88
Ching-shui River, 180
Ch’ing T’an Rapid, Descent of the, 9-11
Chiu-ya-p’ing, 124
Chiung Chou, 90, 91, 92, 93
Chou-pa-ch’ang, 180, 181
Ch’u-hsiung Fu, 142
Ch’ung-k’ing, 2, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 22, 31, 51,
69, 70, 71, 72, 134, 135, 142, 145, 156, 158, 160,
162, 168, 178, 185, 187, 188, 193, 195, 209, 212,
213, 214, 215, 216, 217,218, 219, 220, 222, 226
Ch’ung-shu (or “Insect Tree”), 192
Ch’ung-tu-ch’ang, 183, 184
_Citrus sacrodactylus_, 100
Civility, Chinese, 48
Civil War, Ravages of, 38, 127-128, 145, 205
Clays, Coloured, 150
Coal, 6, 16, 24, 28, 36, 42, 44, 48, 65, 72, 75, 83, 95, 97,
122, 150, 152, 157, 163, 166, 207, 220;
dust as fuel, 29
_Coccus pe-la_, 193, 194, 199
Cocoons, 21, 193
Coir, 8, 175
Colquhoun, Mr., 55, 203, 221
Commerce, Bengal Chamber of, 221;
Manchester Chamber of, 202;
Shanghai Chamber of, 190, 217
Commissioner, Financial, 154
Competitive Examinations in China, 147-148
“_Comptes Rendus_,” 189
Confucius, 90
Conservative character of the Chinese, 212
Consular Officer at Ch’ung-k’ing, 2, 13
Contempt for foreigners, Chinese official, 53
Copper, 24, 49, 60, 96, 102, 113, 119, 120, 152, 154, 205, 207, 221
_Coptis teeta_, 95
Cormorant fishing, 110
Cotton, 76, 89, 100, 102, 113, 126, 160, 164, 166, 169, 209, 222;
foreign cottons, 34, 160, 209;
native cottons, 64, 76, 160, 209
“Country of the Golden Teeth,” 138
Courtesy, 134;
marked Chinese, 142
“Crackling-flea Tree,” 192
Crampoons, 97
Cucumbers, 167
_Cudrania triloba_, 21, 169
Customs, Chinese Imperial Maritime, 200
Cypress, 22, 84
Date tree, 100
Davenport, Mr., 140
Dawson, Lieutenant, 217
Deers’ horns, 91
Defences, Native, 66
Degrees, Chinese, 148
Deity, A roadside, 157
Devotees, 42
Dice, 72
Diet, Chinese, 20
Dinner, A sumptuous, 52
Discomforts of travel, 15, 39, 61, 63, 64, 114, 118, 128,
141, 149, 163, 180, 182, 183, 184, 225
Dog, Tribute to my, 52
Dogs, Tibetan, 134
“Dragon-Prince” temple, 41
Duck, Wild, 53, 141, 144, 166
Dyes, 83, 96, 113
Dysentery, 188
Ear-rings, 38, 39, 96, 124, 230
Earthquake in the Plain of Chien-ch’ang, 112
Eastern export, Chief articles of, 208
Eldorado, A Chinese, 115
Entomology, Chinese, 194
Erh Hai, 129, 132
Escorts, 33, 37, 41, 48, 53, 98, 107, 109, 143, 177, 179, 181, 183
“Eternal Peace” Bridge, 65
Ethnology of non-Chinese races, 225
Europe, 208
Evaporation (salt) sheds, 78
“Evergreen Tree,” 192
Examinations in China, Competitive, 147-148
Exchange in China, 15
Expedition (1861), Upper Yang-tsze, 184, 220
Fair at Ta-li Fu, 134, 230
Fan palm, 163, 167
Fans, 73
Father, A sporting French Missionary, 60-61
_Fatsia papyrifera_, 22
Feathers, Novel use of, 72
Fêng-tu Hsien, 209
Ferry-boats, 156
Fever, 108, 128, 177, 179, 180
Financial Commissioner of Yün-nan, 154
Fir, 22, 44, 88, 128, 163, 166, 167, 180
Fire-wells, 80
Fish, 17, 53, 66, 137, 168
Fishing in the Yang-tsze, Method of, 18
Floating bridge, 93
“Flying Dragon” Pass, 95
Folklore, 139
Food of the Chinese, Daily, 15
Fording a torrent, 62
Foreign Office, 161, 190, 191
Fortune, R., 190
Fossils, 43
France, 208, 212
_Fraxinus Chinensis_, 169, 197
French Bishop, 55;
Commission, 130;
Consul, 50;
hospitality, 60-61, 124;
the French in Tonquin, 2
Friar’s Balsam, 92
Frogs, Bull, 166
Fruit trees, 116;
Wild, 110
Fruits:--date, 94, 100;
melons, 163, 167;
orange, 94;
orange groves, 84, 163;
pear, 94, 100, 116;
strawberry, 22;
walnut, 149
Fu Chiang River, 164
Fu Chou, 31, 209
Fu-kuan-ts’un, 185
Fu-lin, 100
Fu-lu-ch’ang, 178
Fu-shun Hsien, 76
Fu t’ou-kuan, 12, 24, 163
Fuel, Coal-dust, 29
Fuhkien, 190, 201
Gall-nuts, 31
Geese, 144
Gill, Captain, 8, 190
Gingalls, 178
Ginger, 163
Ginseng, 176
Glory of Buddha, 162, 174-175, 177
Goats, 59, 123, 124
Goître, 49, 52, 115, 116
Gold, 154
Gold-silver-Mountain, 154
“Golden River” (Chin-Chiang), 111, 126, 184, 191, 192
“Golden Summit,” 174, 175
“Golden Teeth,” Country of the, 138
Gorges of the Yang-tsze, 7, 8, 9, 30, 214, 215, 217
Governor-Generals, or Viceroys, in China, 85
Governor of Kuei-chow, 33
Graduates, Chinese, 148
“Granary” Gorge, 9
Granite, 29;
granite foundations of houses, 126
Grass, China, 163;
cloth, 73, 75, 164, 169;
plains, 37, 43
Gravestones, 129
Great Khan, The, 1
Great River (Upper Yang-tsze), The, 16, 71, 207
Great Wall, The, 44
Greed, Chinese, 44
Grooves, Trade, 212
Grosvenor Mission, 57, 68, 134, 140
Ground-nuts, 83, 169;
ground-nut oil, 83
Guard-houses, 33, 107, 108, 109
Guerilla warfare against the Lolos, 181
Hailstorm, Terrific, 36, 116
Hainan, 190
Hai-t’ang, 104, 106
Hallett, Mr., 203
Han Dynasty, Minor, 81
Hanbury, Daniel, 190
Hang-chou, 118, 119, 120;
Valley, 119
Hankow, 2, 3, 11, 34, 95, 173, 206, 211, 212, 218, 219
Harpies, Official, 85
Hats, Bamboo, 44;
Straw, 142
Hawthorn, 155
Heads, Exposed, 58
“Heaven-born-bridge,” 154
“Heaven’s Bridge,” 154
Hei (or Black) Miao, 226
Hei-wu Hai-tzŭ, 125
Hemp, 22, 68, 163, 169;
hempen clothes, 152
Hêng River, 67, 68, 158, 160, 185, 204
Hides, 208
Highwaymen’s punishment, 58
Ho-chiang Hsien, 156
Ho Chou, 162, 163, 164, 166;
Plain, 164
Ho-hsi, 116
Ho-pei Hsün, 156
Ho-pien Hsün, 117
Hodgson, Mr., 105
Hogs’ tusks, 124
Holkar, The Maharajah, 289
Honeysuckle, 22
Hooker, Sir Joseph, 191
Horse-boy’s death, 188
Horse-pistol, 139, 187
Horses, 38
Hosie, Dr., 288
Hou-p’o, The drug, 95
Hsi Chiang (or West River), 204
Hsi-tsang, 130
Hsia-kuan, 136, 138, 139
Hsiao Hsiang Ling Pass, 108, 109
Hsiao-kuan, 97
Hsiao-shao, 108, 109
Hsin-ching Hsien, 89, 90
Hsin-p’ai-fang, 71
Hsing-lung-ch’ang, 167
Hsü-chou Fu (or Sui Fu), 9, 57, 67, 69, 155, 160, 162,
185, 187, 188, 220
Hsü-yung T’ing, 155, 158
Hsüan-wei Chou, 150, 151
Hsüeh-shan range, 156, 157
Hua (or Coloured) Miao, 228
Hu-kwang, 189
Huang-chia-p’ing, 128
Huang-kuo-shu, 41
Huang-lien, The drug, 95
Huang-ni-p’u, 97, 98
Huang-sha, 198
Huang-shui-k’ou, 68
Hui-li Chou, 114
Hui-lung-ch’ang, 124
Hunan, 28, 35, 40, 189, 190;
braves, 181
Hŭng River, 67
Hupeh, 28, 189, 209
Ichang, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 18, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214,
215, 217, 218, 219
I-li River, 60
Immigrants, Chinese, 28, 145, 207
Imperial Palace, Tea for the, 93
Indian Corn, or maize, 68, 113, 149, 163, 172
Indian Empire, 2, 140, 203, 204;
Opium cultivation in Western Malwa, India, 288-290
Indigo, 163
Indore, 289
Inns, 85, 92, 97, 104, 106, 113, 139, 142, 149, 180, 184, 185;
poetical description of, 25
Inquisitiveness, Chinese, 34, 52, 141, 150
Insect White Wax:--35, 102, 114, 120, 141, 161, 170, 195, 261;
tree, 169, 170, 171, 178, 191, 192;
culture, trees, insects, uses and value, 189-201
Inventiveness, Chinese, 96
Iron, 24, 31, 95, 97, 113, 121, 150, 166, 174, 207;
bridges, 30-31;
pans, 24, 89, 97
Irrawaddy, River, 204
Irrigation, Ingenious, 26, 121
Jên-huai River, 208
Julien, Stanislaus, 189
Jumna, River, 288
_Juncus effusus_, 92
Jung-ch’ang Hsien, 72, 75, 167
Jung-ching Hsien, 93, 97
Jung-ching River, 97
Ka-tou tribe, 228;
tongue, 229
Kan-shui, 24
Kao-ch’iao, 144
Kao-shan-p’u, 156
Keppel, Admiral, 217
Kerosene oil, 200
Kew, Royal Gardens at, 161, 192, 193
Khan, The Great, 1
Ki--a musical instrument of the Phö, 231
Kilts, Miao-tzŭ, 24, 230
K’o-tu River, 151, 152
Ku-lu River, 27
Ku-tsung tribe, 130, 134, 224
Ku-yü tea, 93-94
Kuan-ai Customs barrier, 31
Kuan-tzŭ-yao, 45
Kuang-t’ung Hsien, 140
Kuei-chow, 2, 14, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 28, 31, 32,
39, 40, 41, 45, 48, 59, 76, 94, 96, 115, 145,
150, 151, 152, 153, 155, 156, 160, 190, 203, 206,
207, 219, 220, 221, 222, 224, 226, 227, 228
K’uei-chow Fu (K’uei Fu), 209, 214, 217, 220
Kuei-yang Fu, 32, 33, 34, 36, 44, 145, 147, 207, 226
K’un ming Hsien, 56, 155
K’un-ming Lake, 56
Kuang-t’an River, 31, 208
Kuo-chin-ch’ang, 142
Kwang-si, 43, 49, 189, 203
La-kou, 198
La-sha, 198
Lai-yuan-p’u, 149, 150
Lakes:--Chao-t’ung 65;
Ching-lung, 141;
Sung-ming, 53;
Yün-nan, 53, 56;
Lake of the Black Mist, 125
Lan-ma-lu, 157
Lan-tsang River, 139
Lang-t’ai T’ing, 41, 42
Lang-wang-shan, 42
Lao-chün-tung, Temple of, 16
Lao-wa-t’an or Lao-ya-t’an, 67, 68
Lead, 50, 64, 152, 205
Leguilcher, Père, 130, 142
“Leather” paper, wrongly called, 153
“_Lettres Edificantes_,” 189
Li--a Chinese measure of distance, 156
Li-chiang Fu, 130, 221
Li-su--a Man-tzŭ tribe, 124
Liang-shui-ching, 63
Licentiates, Chinese, 148
Lien-ch’ien-tzŭ, 160
Life-boats, 10
_Ligustrum lucidum_, 121, 192, 193, 194, 195, 199
Likin, 213, 216, 219
Limestone, 16, 28, 48, 151, 163, 166
“Lion’s Bridge,” 75
Lions, Stone, 45
Little, Mr., 8
Liu-sha River, 100
Lolos, 55, 59, 66, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 110, 123,
162, 179, 181, 182, 224, 225, 230;
a Chinese army destroyed by the, 107;
deputation of, 123;
dress of the, 106, 110;
frequent raids of the, 107;
ornaments of the, 107;
weapons of the, 104
London, 148
Looms, 89, 164
Lu Chou, 20, 72, 154, 155, 158, 160
Lu-fêng Hsien, 140, 143
Lu-fêng Bridge, 143
Lu-fêng Plain, 143
Lu-ku, 110, 115
Lumber, 164
Lung-ch’ang Hsien, 75
Lung-ch’ang, Mines near, 75
Lung-tung, 99
Ma, Imperialist Commander, 133
Ma-kai, 50
Ma-lung Chou, 51, 52
Ma-pien River, 180, 181
Ma-pien Ting, 177, 180, 181, 182
Magalhaes, Gabriel de, 189
_Magnolia sp._, 95
Maize (or Indian corn), 68, 113, 149, 163, 172
Malwa, Western, 288
Man-i-ssŭ, 184
Man-tzŭ, 122, 130, 179, 225, 226;
caves, 168;
ornaments, 124;
tribes, 123, 124;
turbans, 124;
women, 123-124
Manchester Chamber of Commerce, 202
Manuring, A new method of, 45
Mao-chien tea, 94
Mao-k’ou, 43;
River, 43
Marble quarries, 134, 135, 148
March, A forced, 182
Margary, A. R., 34, 47, 57, 140
Maritime Customs, Chinese Imperial, 200
Market-towns, 21, 71
Martini, 189
Marvellous, Fact mixed with the, 161
McLachlan, Mr., 193
Medicines, 91, 92, 113, 117, 164, 176, 208;
Chinese distrust of foreign, 92
Mekong, 139, 204
Melons, 163, 167
Memorial portals, 71
“Memoire sur la cire d’arbre,” 189
Mêng-shan Hills, 93
Mêng-tzŭ Hsien, 50, 142
Mesny, Mr., 144
Metals:--copper, 24, 49, 60, 96, 102, 113, 119, 120, 152,
154, 205, 207, 221;
gold, 154;
iron, 24, 31, 95, 97, 113, 121, 150, 166, 174, 207;
lead, 50, 64, 152, 205;
quicksilver, 207;
silver, 15, 151, 152, 154;
tin, 66, 142, 205;
zinc, 113
Metamorphosis, Wax insect, 190, 199
Mhow, 288
Mi-tsang (or “Granary”) Gorge, 9, 214
Miao, Hei (or black), 226
Miao, Hua (or coloured), 228
Miao-tzŭ, 24, 28, 29, 32, 37, 38, 152, 206, 224, 227, 228,
229, 230;
dress, 152, 230;
ornaments, 230
Mien-hua-ti, 124
Mien-shan, 110
Mien-tien, 51
Millet, 163, 169, 172
Mills, Water, 88
Min River, 69, 76, 87, 89, 91, 101, 102, 162, 168, 169, 170,
174, 196, 208
Min-chia tribe, 130;
maidens, 136
Ming Dynasty, 112, 174
Ming-shan District, 92
Ming-shan Hsien, 91, 92, 93
Mining in China, 75, 154, 205
Missionaries and Mission Stations:--55, 60, 113, 124, 130,
134, 142, 143, 144, 190, 226;
Les Missions Etrangères de Paris, 55;
China Inland Mission, 55, 144, 226
Mo-ni-ch’ang, 157
Mohammedan Rebellion, 54, 125, 127, 132, 205;
cemetery, 71, 130;
leader, Tu Wên-hsiu, 133
Mohammedans, 55, 134
Monkeys, 176
Morphia, 290
Mu-kua-shao, 151
Mulberry, 21, 22, 71, 100, 113, 114, 163, 165, 181
Mules, 49, 96, 117
Musical Instruments of the Phö, 230-231
Musk, 117, 208;
false, 136
Na-ch’i-Hsien, 39, 160
Nan-ching-kai, 104
Nan Ho River, 91, 92
Nan-k’ou Pass, 44
Nan-kuang, 69;
River, 67, 68, 158, 160, 208
Nationalities, Different, 55
“Natural Bridge,” 62, 154
Nature, A child of, 157
Nei-chiang Hsien, 168, 169
New Year, The Chinese, 72
Ni-tien-ch’ang, 181
Ning-yuan Fu, 87, 96, 108, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117,
118, 192;
Lake of, 112;
Plain, 110, 115
Niu-êrh (or white wax beetle), 193
Niu-lan River, 64, 65
Non-Chinese Villages, 38
Novel plan to prevent animal depredations, A, 72
O-Mei Hsien, 170, 171, 177, 179
O-mei, Mount, 162, 170, 172, 175, 196;
Excursion to, 171-177;
Plain, 178
Oak, 28, 29, 30, 44, 125, 128, 140, 163, 167, 180
Oats, 45, 47, 48, 59, 149
Obstruction, Official, 177
Octroi, 219
Ohio, Petroleum used for street-lighting in, 79
Open ports in China, 216
Opium, 5, 6, 8, 11, 16, 17, 21, 29, 32, 39, 40, 41, 57, 83, 139,
148, 157, 169, 185, 208, 213, 287;
oil from opium capsules, 290;
Note on opium cultivation in Western Malwa, India, 288-290
Orange groves, 84, 163
Originality, Chinese, 96
Ornaments, Silver, 99, 110
Otter-fishing, 168
Oxen, 38
_Pachyma cocos_, 106
Pack-animals, Ornaments of, 135
Paddy-land, 40, 72, 84, 163, 165, 166, 167, 169;
planting, 58
Pagodas, 84, 136, 164, 174, 175
Pai-chang-ch’ang (or Pai-chang-yi), 91, 92
Pai-chang valley, 91
Pai-la-shu (or white wax tree), 197
Pai-shui, 48, 49, 50;
River, 41
Pai-yen-ching, 115, 122;
salt wells, 121-122
Pai-yi (a Man-tzŭ tribe), 124
Palace, Tea for the Imperial, 93
Palm, 22, 163, 167;
palm-coir, 175
Pan-pien-ch’ing, 61
Panorama, A magnificent, 129, 136
Pans, Iron, 24, 79
Pao-kê-ts’ao-shu, 192
Paper, bamboo, 19;
bark, 153;
straw, 25;
factories, 19
Parasites, Soldier, 86
Parliamentary Papers on China, 2;
on Insect White Wax, 191
Passports, 18
Pear, Prickly, 117
Pear trees, 94, 100, 116
Pearls, 112, 113
Peas, 12, 71, 82
Peculation, Official, 49
Peking, 29, 86, 93, 148, 154
Pe-sê T’ing, 49, 204
Petroleum, 79
_Pharmaceutical Journal_, 190
Pharmacopœia, The Chinese, 91
Pheasants, 44;
Amherst, 134, 141
Phö:--224, 226-231;
ammunition of the, 227;
annual religious gathering of the, 230;
dress of the, 230;
language, 228-229;
language and vocabularies, 231-285;
language dying out, 227;
music and dancing, 231;
musical instruments, 230-231;
ornaments of the, 230;
struggle between the Chinese and the, 227;
women, 231
Pi-chi-kuan, 144
Pi-chieh Hsien, 153, 154, 155
Pictures on white marble, 135-136
Pig, A familiar, 63
Pigeons, 42
Pilgrims, 170, 171, 175;
at their devotions, 175
Pilot, A river, 186
Pines, 59, 82, 91, 110, 116, 119, 124, 125, 136, 140, 172, 173;
boards, 102, 114;
forests, 122, 175;
sprouts, 114
P’ing-i Hsien, 46, 47, 48
P’ing-pa, 103
P’ing-shan Hsien, 185, 220
“Pinnacle Pagoda,” Blakiston’s, 16
Pith paper, 22;
plant, 22
Pits, Clay, 150
Plague, Yün-nan, 128
P’o-kung, 41
Polo, Marco, 112, 122, 126, 129
Ponies, 39, 44, 49, 50, 51, 59, 61, 66, 86, 89, 96, 109, 117, 124
Pony, The Yün-nan, 50
Poppy, 11, 12, 16, 25, 27, 28, 32, 36, 37, 40, 46, 48, 59, 71, 84,
99, 113, 115, 125, 126, 128, 129, 132, 141, 149, 155, 165,
287, 288;
extraction of the juice, 17
Potatoes, 48, 51, 59, 149, 169, 175
Poverty around Ch’ing-chên, 37
Poverty and riches always hand in hand, 84
Powder, Miao-tzŭ, 227
Prayer, A dying patriot’s, 133
Press, Native, 33
Prince, The White, 138
Prisoner, A distinguished, 89
Privet, 116, 121, 192
Proclamation, A Chinese, 154-155
Provisions, Tinned, 16
Public street-lighting in China, 200
P’u-êrh Fu, 55, 56;
tea, 56, 64, 66
Pumelo, 22, 82
“Pure soluble scarlet,” 83
Quarters, Strange, 149
Queen’s Birthday, The, 51, 149
Quicksilver, 207
Races, Non-Chinese, 224, 225
Railways, 65, 146, 157
Rain-coat incident, 58
Rainstorm, A tremendous, 149
Ramie fibre, 73
Rape, 16, 37, 71, 82, 99;
oil, 164
Rapids, 8, 9, 11, 159, 180, 185, 187, 206, 214, 217, 218, 219, 220
Rathouis, Père, 190
Red River, The, 204
Reed fences, 114
Refuges, Stone, 38, 66
Rest-houses, Official, 33
Revenue, Board of, 155
Review of Chinese troops, 134
Revolver, Advantage of being armed with a, 119
_Rhamnus sp._, 96
Rhubarb, 208
_Rhus vernicifera_, 164
Rice, 15, 36, 68, 113, 123;
broth, 184;
fields, 17, 45, 58, 88, 163, 196, 224;
hulling, 27, 88;
mills, 88;
paper, 22;
paper manufacture, 23
Richthofen, Baron von, 70, 90, 190
Rings, 38, 230
Riot at Hang-chou, 119
Rivers, Underground, 48, 152
Roads, 32, 140, 149, 183
Rocks, Fortress-shaped, 82
Romance in Chinese topographical names, 154
Roofs, Chinese, 100
Rose, Wild, 22
Ruins in Kuei-chow, 29
Rush wicks, 92
Sacred Mountain of Western China, 95, 162, 170
Safflower, 83, 113, 164
Salt, 20, 39, 55, 64, 75, 76, 102, 115, 120, 121, 142, 144,
153, 160, 164, 207, 208;
brine, 80;
carriers, 20;
cones, 111, 122;
currency, 122;
evaporation, 121;
Government control of, 79;
granular, 79;
junks, 160;
pan, 79;
wells, 75, 80, 84, 87, 121, 142, 144, 168, 170
Salutes, Chinese, 45
Salwen, River, 204
Samaritan, A good, 182
Sandals, Straw, 39, 92, 104
Sandalwood, 171
Sandstone, 48, 125
_Sapium sebiferum_, 169
Scales, Wax insect, 192, 193, 195, 197, 200
School, A Chinese, 59
Sentries, Chinese, 109
Sericulture, 21, 170;
Goddess of, 71
Sha-shih, 3
Shan States, 56, 157, 203;
the Shans, 55, 130, 224
Shan-hu-shu, 63, 64
Shan-tung, 189
Shang-kuan, 130, 136;
Plain, 130
Shanghai, 2, 24, 201, 205, 211, 212;
Chamber of Commerce, 190, 217;
native press, 33;
papers, 143
Shao-shang, 123
Shê-hung Hsien, 73
Shê-tz’ŭ, 142
Sheep, 59, 124
Shells, Fresh-water, 137
Shên-ching-kuan, 45
Shifting sands in the Yang-tsze, 3
Shih-ch’i-ch’ang, 186
Shuan-ma-ts’ao, 103
Shuang-liu Hsien, 89
Shui-p’ang-p’u, 141
Shui-t’ang-p’u, 151;
silver mine of, 151
Shun-ching Fu, 83
Shweli River, 204
Sifans, 99, 101, 122, 222;
reputed immorality, 102;
language, 104-105;
modesty of the, 103;
ornaments, 99;
probably Tibetans, 124;
tribes, 102
Signboards, Shop, 86
Silk, 30, 68, 113, 165, 169, 208, 209, 220;
embroidery, 230;
weaving, 170
Silkworm, 21;
diet, 21;
eggs, 21, 165
Silver, 152, 154;
ingots, 15;
mine, 151, 152
Sincerity, Chinese, 97
_Sinensis, Novus Atlas_, 189
Skiffs, 66
Skins, Tiger and leopard, 134
Snow, 48, 83, 84, 97, 104, 119, 129, 132, 137;
storm, 107
Soda, 125
Songkoi River, 50, 56, 143, 204
Songs, Boat, 7, 166
_Sorghum vulgare_, 163
Soup-kitchens, 85
Soy, 164
Spring, A fine water, 65
Spirits, 164
Ssŭ-ch’uan:--2, 3, 4, 11, 20, 28, 30, 31, 51, 61, 64, 67,
68, 70, 76, 81, 106, 107, 116, 121, 123, 125, 145,
155, 156, 157, 160, 161, 164, 167, 185, 190, 192,
193, 200, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, 210, 211, 212,
213, 214, 215, 216, 219, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226;
fertility of, 167;
frontier, 9, 11;
hemp, 169;
import and export trade of, 213;
people, 165-166;
Plain, 84;
products of, 164, 208;
Viceroy of, 14;
waterways, 208
Stalactites, 47
Statements unreliable, Chinese, 97, 183
Steatite (or soapstone) ornaments, 201
_Sterculia platanifolia_, 169
_Stillingia sebifera_, 169
Stockades, 108
Stone tablets, 71
Straw hats, 142;
straw paper, 19;
straw sandals, 39
Strawberry, 22
Suburbs, Absence of, 30
Sugar, 76;
factories, 75, 83;
cane, 126, 169, 208
Sui-fang tea, 94
Sui Fu, _i.e._, Hsü-chou Fu, 9, 57, 67, 69, 155,
160, 162, 185, 187, 188, 220
Sultan at Ta-li-Fu, The so-called, 130, 133
Summer drink, A Chinese, 137
Sung-k’an, 25
Sung-ming Lake, 53
Superstition, 60, 98, 113
Swallows, 166
Sweet-briar, 129, 155
Sweet oil, Poppy, 37
Sweet potatoes, 169
Sweet-tea, 172-173
“Switzerland,” The Chinese, 206
Ta-chien-lu, 94, 99, 100
Ta-ch’ung River, 111, 191
Ta-Hsiang-Ling Pass, 97, 99, 109;
ascent of the, 98
Ta-kuan River, 204, 208
Ta-kuan T’ing, 67
Ta-li Fu, 55, 70, 87, 114, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131,
132, 137, 138, 139, 141, 142, 204, 205, 230;
annual fair at, 134;
Lake, 132, 134, 136, 137, 139, 140;
marble quarries of, 135;
Plain, 132, 136, 139;
ruins at, 138;
siege of, 133;
the so-called “Sultan” at, 130, 133
Ta-ping River, 204;
Valley, 205
Ta-shu-pao, 102
Ta-tsu Hsien, 166, 167
Ta-tu River, 100, 101, 103, 170, 171, 178, 196, 226
Ta-wang-miao, 128, 129
Taels, 4, 15
Tallow tree, The, 169, 181
“Tam O’ Shanters,” 110
T’ang-t’ang, 151
Tariff Import Duty, 210
Taros, 163, 167
Tartar garrisons, 86;
quarter at Ch’êng-tu, 84
Taxation of foreign goods, Grinding. 213, 216
Tea:--Brick tea, 93, 95, 209;
picking, value, and carriage of brick tea, 93-95;
brick tea carriers, 20, 94, 99;
preparation of brick tea, 93;
Russian brick tea, 95;
standard of sale of brick tea, 94;
three qualities of brick tea, 94;
tea for the Imperial palace, 93;
tea-growing districts and plantations, 68, 93, 97, 166;
tea hongs, 94, 95;
P’u-êrh tea, 56, 64, 66;
sweet tea, 172-173;
Tibetan way of eating tea, 95
Teal, 144
Tê-ch’ang, 195
Tei-li-pao, 117
Temples, 15, 40, 41, 42, 71, 120, 156, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175;
“Temple of a Myriad Ages,” 172;
temple of the Goddess of Sericulture, 71
Têng-hsiang, 109
Theatrical performances, 72
Thunderstorm, A terrible, 43
Tibet, 20, 87, 93, 94, 99, 209;
caravan, 117;
criminal, 89;
mountains, 126;
ornaments, 96;
pilgrims, 95;
travellers, 89, 134;
way of eating tea, 95
T’ien-ch’iao, 154
Tien Ch’ih Lake, 56
T’ien-ch’üan Chou, 93
T’ien-shêng-ch’iao, 154
Tigers, 176;
bones of, 91
Tin, 66, 142, 205
Ting-nan-pa, 182
T’o River, 72, 76, 82, 83, 167, 168, 169, 208
Tobacco, 68, 92, 142, 163, 164, 208
Tonquin, 2, 50, 142, 203
Torrents, Mountain, 47, 62
Town, A deserted, 127-128
Trackers, Boat, 7-8
Transit, certificates, 210, 212, 213;
duty, 210;
pass system, 210;
regulations, 212;
trade, 210
Travelling:--boat, 4, 5, 7;
discomforts, 15, 39, 61, 63, 64, 114, 118, 128, 141,
149, 163, 180, 182, 183, 184, 225;
in China, 39
Tree-planting, Ingenious plan for, 165
Trees, Deeply embedded immense, 114
Trial, A roadside, 143
Tsang-shan range, 129, 132, 136, 137, 138;
Marble quarries of the, 134
Tsun-i Fu, 28, 29, 30
Tu-kê-t’ang, 64
Tu Wên-hsiu, The Mohammedan leader, 133
Tung-ching-shu (or “Evergreen Tree”), 192
Tung-ch’uan Fu, 49, 59, 60, 64, 145, 155
Tung-ch’uan Plain, 61, 222
Tung-kai-ch’ang, 178
T’ung-liang Hsien, 166
T’ung-ma, 169
T’ung River, 170
Tung-t’ing Lake, 34, 206
T’ung-tzŭ Hsien, 21, 26;
valley, 26, 28;
tunnelling on the T’ung-tzŭ River, 28;
inundations, 28
Turbans, Man-tzŭ, 124;
Miao-tzŭ, 24, 230;
Sifan, 102
Typhoid fever, 177
Tzŭ Chou, 82, 83
Tzŭ-chu-p’ing, 178, 179
Tzŭ-liu-ching 75, 76;
salt wells, 76-81, 87, 160, 168
Tz’ŭ-yang Hsien, 83
Underground Rivers, 48, 152
“Upper Fortress” (Shang-kuan), 130
Upper Yang-tsze Expedition (1861), The, 184, 220
Varnish tree, The, 164-165
Vegetables, 164
_Viburnum phlebotrichum_, 173
Viceroys, or Governor-Generals, in China, 85
Vinçot, Père, 143
Vocabulary, English-Phö, 273-285
Wa-wa, 100, 101
Wade, Sir Thomas, 105, 227
Wahab, Mr., 55
Walnut trees, 149
Wan Hsien, 11, 209
Wan-nien-ssŭ, Temple of, 172, 173
Wan-wan T’an, 187
Wang-shan Temple, 42
Watch-towers, 66, 180
Water, Chinese abhorrence of cold, 137
Watercress, 100
Waterfall, Pai-shui, 41
Waterproof coat, A bearer and his, 58
Water-wheels, 26, 96
Wax, Insect White, 35, 102, 114, 120, 141, 161, 170, 195, 261;
tree, 169, 170, 171, 178, 191, 192;
culture, trees, insects, uses, and value, 189-201
Weapons of the Lolos, 104
Wei-ning Chou, 152, 153, 154;
Lake, 152;
Plain, 152
Weights in China, 15
Wênchow, 287
“West of the River” (Ho-hsi), 116
West River (Canton River), 41, 43, 49, 50, 56, 144, 150, 204, 205
Westwood, 193
Wheat, 12, 22, 25, 36, 37, 40, 46, 47, 50, 59, 71, 82, 99, 113, 115,
128, 141, 147, 149;
mills, 88;
planting and tillering, 22
Whirlpools, 257
“White Prince,” The, 138
White wax, Insect, 35, 102, 114, 120, 141, 161, 170, 195, 261;
tree, 169, 170, 171, 178, 191, 192;
culture, trees, insects, uses, and value, 189-201
“Winding Rapid,” The, 187
Wood-oil tree, 18, 21, 72, 163, 167, 169, 181, 197
Woollen goods, 209
Wu Chiang River, 30, 31, 32, 37, 153;
suspension bridge, 30, 31
Wuhu, 2
Ya-an Hsien, 93
Ya-chou Fu, 87, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96
Ya Ho (River), 91, 92, 93, 95, 101, 170, 171
Ya-lung River, 111, 116, 117, 118, 191
Ya-pien-yen (Opium), 11
Yang-lin, 53, 57, 58, 59
Yang-tsze River, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 12, 16, 18, 20, 31,
33, 39, 49, 56, 57, 59, 60, 64, 68, 69, 71, 73,
76, 102, 111, 140, 144, 145, 150, 153, 155, 156,
158, 160, 162, 163, 166, 169, 177, 178, 181, 182,
184, 185, 191, 201, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209,
213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221, 222;
Head waters of the, 124;
Upper Yang-tsze Expedition (1861), 184, 220;
Upper Yang-tsze Steam Navigation Co., 9
Yarn, Cotton, 89
Year, The China New, 72
Yen-yuan Hsien, 114, 115, 120
Yuan River, 34, 206;
rapids on, 206
Yüeh-hsi Plain, 107
Yüeh-hsi T’ing, 107
Yün-nan, 2, 14, 15, 20, 28, 31, 33, 35, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46,
48, 49, 50, 53, 55, 56, 57, 59, 70, 76, 87, 91, 96,
97, 99, 106, 108, 114, 120, 122, 123, 125, 134, 135,
142, 145, 146, 147, 151, 152, 154, 156, 157, 160, 185,
191, 203, 204, 206, 207, 219, 220, 221, 224, 226;
population, 205
Yün-nan Fu, 53, 54, 56, 57, 67, 114, 134, 139, 140, 142, 145,
153, 156, 205;
Lake, 53, 144;
Plain, 60
Yün-nan-yi, 141
Yün-yang Hsien, 12
Yung-ch’uan Hsien, 72, 73
Yung-ning Hsien, 153, 158, 160
Yung-ning River, 39, 145, 153, 155, 158, 159, 160, 208;
descent of, 158-159;
its importance as a trade route, 160
Yung-pei T’ing, 87, 124, 126, 205;
Plain, 125, 126
Zinc, 113
[Illustration: SKETCH MAP
OF
SOUTH WESTERN CHINA
To illustrate the journeys of
ALEXANDER HOSIE, H.B.M. CONSULAR SERVICE, CHINA.]
GEORGE PHILIP AND SON, PRINTERS, LONDON AND LIVERPOOL.
* * * * *
Transcriber's Note
In the section EXERCISES IN THE PHÖ LANGUAGE, the lists of single words
were printed on facing pages. Duplicate headings have been removed from
the text.
The following apparent errors have been corrected:
p. vi "C’hung-k’ing" changed to "Ch’ung-k’ing"
p. xx "Tient-sin" changed to "Tien-tsin"
p. 11 "aquaintance" changed to "acquaintance"
p. 35 "courtesey" changed to "courtesy"
p. 40 "aquaintance" changed to "acquaintance"
p. 45 "_THE YUN-NAN FRONTIER._" changed to "_THE YÜN-NAN FRONTIER._"
p. 83 "hypogœa" changed to "hypogæa"
p. 91 "their is" changed to "there is"
p. 140 "may seen" changed to "may seem"
p. 147 "Yün-nan--Kuei-chow" changed to "Yün-nan-Kuei-chow"
p. 161 "Omei" changed to "O-mei"
p. 169 "_Cudrania triloba Hance_" changed to "_Cudrania triloba, Hance_"
p. 173 "tea-leaf" changed to "tea-leaf."
p. 182 "in need" changed to "in need."
p. 195 "27° 24′" changed to "27° 24′."
p. 211 "£750,000!" changed to "£750,000;"
p. 241 "1. Pang." changed to "1.--Pang."
p. 241 "2. ‘Hei" changed to "2.--‘Hei"
p. 242 "7--To look" changed to "7.--To look"
p. 243 "Li" changed to "Li."
p. 243 "Hsiang" changed to "Hsiang."
p. 246 "20--Have" changed to "20.--Have"
p. 249 "Choh tai.." changed to "Choh tai."
p. 250 "warm" changed to "warm,"
p. 251 "nao ‘hniu" changed to "nao ‘hniu."
p. 261 "9. Sa" changed to "9. Sa."
p. 264 "1. Baggage." changed to "1.--Baggage."
p. 265 "7.--Ch’un" changed to "7.--Ch’ün"
p. 266 "8--When" changed to "8.--When"
p. 269 "T’i koh" changed to "T’i koh."
p. 293 "avicennæ" changed to "avicennae"
p. 293 "hypogœa" changed to "hypogæa"
p. 293 "22, 87," changed to "22, 27,"
p. 294 "(or “Insect Tree”)" changed to "(or “Insect Tree”),"
p. 295 "El Dorado" changed to "Eldorado"
p. 300 "Shê-tzü" changed to "Shê-tz’ŭ"
p. 301 "Têng-hsian" changed to "Têng-hsiang"
p. 302 "Shang-k’uan" changed to "Shang-kuan"
The following possible errors have been left as printed:
p. 2 China, No. 2 (1884); and China, No. 2 (1885)
p. 106 the hills of Ssŭ-ch’uan, and Yün-na
On p. 300, the reference "<i>Sterculia platanifolia</i>, 169" does not match the text.
The following are inconsistently used in the text:
Miao-Tzŭ and Miao-tzŭ
Ning-yüan and Ning-yuan
Szechuan, Szechuen, and Ssŭ-ch’uan
Inconsistent hyphenation and punctuation have otherwise been kept as printed.</p>
End of Project Gutenberg's Three Years in Western China, by Alexander Hosie