_Here begins the Ninth Book. How Henry, count of Luxemburg,
was made Emperor._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Par. xvii. 82, xxx. 133-138. Epistolae v. vi. vii.]
Sec. 1.--Henry, count of Luxemburg, reigned four years and seven months
and eighteen days from his first coronation to his end. He was wise
and just and gracious, valiant and firm in arms, virtuous and
catholic; and albeit of low estate according to his lineage, he was
great-hearted, feared and redoubted; and if he had lived longer he
would have done the greatest things. This man was elected emperor
after the manner aforesaid, and immediately when he had received
confirmation from the Pope he caused himself to be crowned king in
Germany; and afterwards he pacified all the disputes between the
barons of Germany, and purposed earnestly to come to Rome for the
imperial crown, and to pacify Italy from the divers discords and wars
which were therein, and then to carry out the expedition over seas to
recover the Holy Land, if God had granted it to him. Whilst he abode
in Germany to pacify the barons, and to provide himself with money and
with followers before crossing the mountains, Wenceslas, king of
Bohemia, died, and left no male heir, but only two daughters, the one
already wife of the duke of Carinthia, and the other, by the counsel
of his barons, Henry gave to wife to John, his son, whom he crowned
king of Bohemia, and left him in his place in Germany.
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
Sec. 2.--_How the Guelf party was expelled from Venice._ Sec. 3.--_Of
the prophecies of M. Arnaldo da Villanuova._ Sec. 4.--_How there was a
conspiracy in Ferrara to make the place rebel against the Church._ Sec.
5.--_How they of Todi were routed by them of Perugia._ Sec. 6.--_How the
Guelfs were expelled from Spoleto._
Sec. 7.--_How the Emperor Henry departed from Germany to go into Italy._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Par. xxx. 133-141.]
[Sidenote: Epistola v.]
In the said year 1310, the Emperor came to Lausanne with few
followers, awaiting his forces, and the embassies from the cities of
Italy, and there abode many months. When the Florentines heard this
they took counsel to send him a rich embassage, and likewise the
Lucchese, and the Sienese, and the other cities of the Tuscan league;
and the ambassadors were actually chosen, and the stuffs for their
robes prepared, that they might be honourably arrayed. Yet this
journey was abandoned by reason of certain Guelf magnates of Florence,
which feared lest under pretence of peace the Emperor might restore
the banished Ghibellines to Florence, and make them lords thereof;
wherefore suspicion arose, and afterwards indignation, whence followed
great peril to all Italy, forasmuch as when the ambassadors from Rome,
and they of Pisa and of the other cities were come to Lausanne in
Savoy, the Emperor asked why the Florentines were not there. Then
answer was made to the lord by the ambassadors of the refugees from
Florence, that it was because they were afraid of him. Then said the
Emperor: "They have done ill, forasmuch as our desire was to have all
the Florentines, and not only a faction, for our faithful subjects,
and to make that city our treasure and archive house, and the loftiest
of our empire." And it was known of a surety by folk which were near
to him, that up to that time he had purposed with pure intent to
maintain them which were ruling Florence in their estate, which intent
the refugees greatly dreaded. But henceforth, by reason of this anger,
or through evil report of his ambassadors which came to Florence, and
of the Ghibellines and Pisans, he gave his mind the other way.
Wherefore, in the following August, the Florentines, being alarmed,
raised 1,000 citizen cavalry, and began to provide themselves with
soldiers and with money, and to make a league with King Robert, and
with many cities of Tuscany and of Lombardy, to oppose the coming and
the coronation of the Emperor; and the Pisans, to the end that he
might cross the Alps, sent him 70,000 golden florins, and promised him
as many more when he should be come to Pisa; and with this aid he set
forth from Lausanne, forasmuch as he was not himself a lord rich in
money.
Sec. 8.--_How King Robert came to Florence as he returned from his
coronation._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
In the said year 1310, on the 30th day of September, King Robert came
to Florence on his way back from his coronation at Avignon, where was
the Pope's court; he abode in the house of the Peruzzi dal Parlagio
[of the Forum], and the Florentines did him much honour, and held
jousts, and gave him large presents of money, and he abode in Florence
until the 24th day of October, to reconcile the Guelfs together, which
were divided into factions among themselves, and to treat of warding
off the Emperor. He could do but little in reconciling them; so much
had error increased among them, as before has been narrated.
Sec. 9.--_How the Emperor Henry passed into Italy and gained the city of
Milan._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Johannes de Virgilio. Carmen _v._ 26.]
In the year 1310, at the end of September, the Emperor departed from
Lausanne with his followers, and crossed the mountains of M. Cenis,
and at the beginning of October he came to Turin in Piedmont:
afterwards he came to the city of Asti, the 10th day of October. By
the people of Asti he was peaceably received as lord, and they went
out to meet him, with rejoicing and a great procession, and he
pacified all the disputes among the people of Asti. In Asti he awaited
his followers, and before he departed he had nigh upon 2,000 horse
from beyond the mountains. In Asti he abode more than two months,
forasmuch as at that time M. Guidetto della Torre was ruler in Milan,
a man of great wit and power, which had, between soldiers and
citizens, more than 2,000 cavalry, and by his force and tyranny he
kept out of Milan the Visconti and their Ghibelline party, and also
his associate, the archbishop, with many other Guelfs. This M.
Guidetto was in league with the Florentines and with the other Guelfs
of Tuscany and of Lombardy, and opposed the coming of the Emperor, and
would have succeeded if it had not been that his own associates with
their following led the Emperor to make for Milan, by the counsel of
the cardinal of Fiesco, the Pope's legate. M. Guidetto, not being able
to provide against everything, consented to his coming, against his
will; and thus the Emperor entered into Milan on the vigil of the
Feast of the Nativity, and on the Day of the Epiphany, the 6th of
January, he was crowned in S. Ambrogio by the archbishop of Milan,
with the second crown of iron, with great honour, both he and his
wife. [And the said crown is in Milan, and is of fine tempered steel
as for a sword, made in the form of a wreath of laurel, wherein rich
and precious stones were inlaid, after the fashion of the Caesars which
were crowned with laurel in their triumphs and victories; and it is
made of steel by way of a figure and similitude, for like as steel and
iron surpass all other metals, so the Caesars, triumphing by the force
of the Romans and Italians, which then were all called Romans,
surpassed and subdued to the Empire of Rome all the nations of the
earth.] And at the said coronation were ambassadors from well-nigh all
the cities of Italy save Florence and those of their league. And
whilst he abode in Milan he caused all the Milanese to be at peace one
with another, and restored M. Maffeo Visconti and his party, and the
archbishop and his party, and in general every man who was in
banishment. And well-nigh all the cities and lords of Lombardy came to
do his bidding, and to give him great quantity of money; and he sent
his vicar into all the cities save into Bologna and Padua, which were
against him, and were with the league of the Florentines.
Sec. 10.--_How the Florentines enclosed the new circle of the city with
moats._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Epist. vi.]
In the said year, on S. Andrew's Day, the Florentines, through fear of
the coming of the Emperor, took counsel to enclose the city with moats
from the Porta San Gallo as far as the Porta Santo Ambrogio, which is
called La Croce a Gorgo, and then as far as the river Arno; and then
from the Porta San Gallo to the Porta dal Prato d'Ognissanti, where
the walls were already founded, they were raised eight cubits higher.
And this work was done quickly and in short time, which thing was
assuredly afterwards the salvation of the city of Florence, as
hereafter shall be narrated; inasmuch as theretofore the city had been
all exposed and the old walls in great measure pulled down and sold to
the neighbouring inhabitants, to enlarge the old city, and to enclose
the suburbs and the new additions.
Sec. 11.--_How the della Torre were driven out of Milan._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
In the said year, on the 11th day of the month of February, M.
Guidetto della Torre, seeing himself cast out from the lordship of
Milan, and Maffeo Visconti and his other enemies much in favour with
the Emperor, thought to cause the city of Milan to rebel against the
Emperor, seeing that he had with him but few horse, forasmuch as they
were gone away and dispersed throughout the cities of Lombardy; and
this would have come to pass, if it had not been that Matteo Visconti
very wisely warned the Emperor thereof, and his marshal, and the count
of Savoy. For the which thing the city rose in arms and uproar, and
there was some fighting. Now there were who said that M. Maffeo
Visconti by his wit and sagacity deceived him to the end he might
bring him under the Emperor's suspicion, coming to him secretly, and
complaining of the lordship of the Emperor and of the Germans, making
as though he would better love the freedom of Milan than such
lordship; and saying to him that he would rather have him for lord
than the Emperor, and that he and his followers would give him all aid
and assistance in driving out the Emperor. To which proposal M.
Guidetto gave heed, trusting in his former enemy, through desire of
recovering his state and lordship; or perhaps it was for his sins, of
which he had many, and was the answer of Maffeo coming true, which he
had made to him through the mouth of the jongleur, as we related
before. M. Maffeo under the said promise betrayed him, and revealed
all to the Emperor and to his council; and this we believe of a
surety, because of what we heard thereof afterwards from wise Lombards
which were then in Milan. And for this cause M. Guidetto della Torre
was called upon to defend himself, who did not appear, but departed
with his followers from Milan, asserting that he was not guilty of
treachery, but that his enemies had charged him therewith to bring him
to nought and drive him out of Milan. But the most believe that he was
in fault, forasmuch as he was in league with the Florentines and the
Bolognese, and with other Guelf cities, and it was said that he was to
receive much money therefor from the Florentines and their league. But
whatever might have been the cause, the said intrigues made the city
of Cremona immediately rebel against the Emperor, on the 20th day of
February, and this rebellion and others in Lombardy were of a surety
brought about by the zeal and the spending of the Florentines, to give
the Emperor so much to do in Lombardy that he would not be able to
come into Tuscany. At this time the Ghibellines of Brescia drave out
the Guelfs, and this likewise came to pass to those of Parma; for the
which thing the Emperor sent his vicar and followers into Brescia, and
caused peace to be made, and the Guelfs to return to the city, which a
short time afterwards finding themselves strong in the city, and
seeing that Cremona had rebelled, and being encouraged by the
Florentines and the Bolognese with monies and large promises, drave
out the Ghibellines from Brescia, and altogether rebelled against the
Emperor, and prepared to make war against him.
Sec. 12.--_How there was great scarcity in Florence, and concerning other
events._
[Sidenote: 1310 A.D.]
In the said year 1310, from December to the following May, there was
the greatest scarcity in Florence, for a bushel of grain cost half a
golden florin, and was all mixed with buck-wheat. And the arts and
trade had never been worse in Florence than during this time, and the
expenses of the commonwealth were very great, and there was much
ill-will and fear concerning the coming of the Emperor. At that time,
at the end of February, the Donati slew M. Betto Brunelleschi, and a
little while after the said Donati and their kinsfolk and friends
assembled at San Salvi and disinterred M. Corso Donati, and made great
lamentation, and held a service as if he were only just dead, showing
that by the death of M. Betto vengeance had been done, and that he had
been the counsellor of M. Corso's death, wherefore all the city was as
it were moved to tumult.
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
Sec. 13.--_How the relics of St. Barnabas came to Florence._
Sec. 14.--_How the Emperor besieged Cremona, and his people took
Vicenza._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Par. xvii. 76-93. Epistola x. Quest. de Acqua et Terra. Sec.
24.--Cf. Inf. i. 100-111. Purg. xxxiii. 40-45.]
In the said year, the 12th day of the month of April, the Emperor was
besieging Cremona with an host, and he sent the bishop of Geneva, his
cousin, with 300 horsemen from beyond the mountains, and with the
force of M. Cane della Scala of Verona, and suddenly took the city of
Vicenza from the Paduans, and they which were of Padua in the
fortress, through fear, without defending themselves, abandoned the
fortress, the which loss caused great dismay to the Paduans, and to
all their allies; for the which thing, a little while after, the
Paduans were reconciled to the Emperor, and gave him the lordship of
Padua, and 100,000 golden florins in divers payments, and they
received his vicar. The said bishop of Geneva went afterwards to
Venice, and craved aid for the Emperor of the Venetians. The Venetians
did him great honour, and gave him to buy precious stones for his
crown 1,000 pounds of Venetian grossi; and in Venice from these monies
and with others was made the crown, and the imperial throne, very rich
and magnificent, the throne of silver gilt, and the crown with many
precious stones.
Sec. 15.--_How the Emperor took the city of Cremona._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In 1311, on the 20th of April, the Emperor being with his army at
Cremona, the city being much straitened, forasmuch as they were
ill-provided by reason of their sudden rebellion, they surrendered the
city to the Emperor's mercy, through the negotiations of the
archbishop of Ravenna; and he received them and pardoned them, and
caused the walls and all the fortresses of the city to be destroyed,
and laid a heavy fine upon them. And when he had taken Cremona,
immediately he went with his army against the city of Brescia on the
14th day of May, and there he found himself with larger forces, and
more numerous and better cavaliers than he had ever had, for of a
truth there were there more than 6,000 good horsemen; 4,000 and more
Germans, and Frenchmen, and Burgundians, and men of birth; and the
rest Italians. For after he had taken Milan and then Cremona, many
great lords of Germany and of France came into his service, some for
pay, and many for love. And verily if he had abandoned the enterprise
of the siege of Brescia, and had come into Tuscany, he would have
quietly secured Bologna, Florence, and Lucca and Siena, and afterwards
Rome, and the Kingdom of Apulia, and all the lands against him,
forasmuch as they were not furnished nor provided, and the minds of
the people were much at variance, forasmuch as the said Emperor was
held to be the most just and benign sovereign. It pleased God that he
should abide at Brescia, the which siege cost him much both in people
and in power, by reason of the great destruction both by death and
pestilence, as hereafter I shall make mention.
Sec. 16.--_How the Florentines, by reason of the Emperor's coming,
recalled from banishment all the Guelfs._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year, on the 26th day of April, the Florentines having
heard how Vicenza and Cremona had surrendered to the Emperor, and how
he was going to the siege of Brescia, in order to strengthen
themselves put forth express decree and ordinance, and recalled from
banishment all the Guelf citizens and country people under what
sentence soever they had been banished, on their paying a certain
small toll; and they made many leagues both in the city and in the
country, and with the other Guelf cities of Tuscany.
Sec. 17.--_How the Florentines, with all the Guelf cities of Tuscany,
made a league together against the Emperor._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year 1311, on the 1st day of June, the Florentines, the
Bolognese, the Lucchese, the Sienese, the Pistoians, and they of
Volterra, and all the other Guelf cities of Tuscany held a parliament,
and concluded a league together, and a union of knights, and swore
together to defend one another and oppose the Emperor. And afterwards,
on the 26th day of June, the Florentines sent the king's marshal with
400 Catalan soldiers which were in their pay, for the defence of
Bologna, and to oppose the Emperor if he should advance from that
quarter; and in like manner the Sienese and Lucchese sent troops, and
they abode there many months in Bologna and in Romagna in the service
of King Robert.
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
Sec. 18.--_How King Robert caused the Ghibellines of Romagna to be taken
by craft._ Sec. 19.--_How the Pope's marquis took Fano and Pesaro._
Sec. 20.--_How the Emperor Henry took the city of Brescia by siege._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Epistola vii.]
In the said year 1311, the Emperor being with his army before Brescia,
there were many assaults made, wherein much people died both within
and without the city, among which was slain in an assault, by an arrow
from a large crossbow, M. Waleran of Luxemburg, brother in blood and
marshal of the Emperor, and many other barons, good knights; whence
came great fear to all the host. And encouraged by this, the Brescians
sallied forth ofttimes to attack the host, and in the month of June
some of them were routed and discomfited, and forty of them were taken
prisoners of the chief of the city, and fully 200 slain, among which
prisoners was M. Tebaldo Brusciati, which was leader of the people
within the city, a man of great valour, which had been a friend of the
Emperor, who had restored him to Brescia when the Guelfs had been
driven out: wherefore the Emperor caused him to be drawn asunder by
four horses as a traitor, and many others he caused to be beheaded,
whereby the power of the Brescians was much enfeebled; but for all
that they within the city did not abandon the defence of the city. In
that siege the air was corrupted by the stench of the horses and the
long sojourn of the camp, wherefore there arose much sickness both
within and without, and a great part of them from beyond the mountains
fell sick, and many great barons died there, and some departed by
reason of sickness, and afterwards died thereof on the road. Among the
others died there the valiant M. Guy of Namurs, brother of the count
of Flanders, which was leader of the Flemings at the rout of Courtray,
a man of great worth and renown; for which cause most part of the host
counselled the Emperor that he should depart. He holding the needs
within the city to be yet greater, alike from sickness and death, and
from lack of victuals, determined not to depart till he should have
taken the city. They of Brescia, as food was failing them, by the hand
of the cardinal of Fiesco surrendered themselves to the mercy of the
Emperor, on the 16th day of September, in the said year. Who, when he
had gotten the city, caused all the walls and strongholds to be
destroyed, and exacted a fine of 70,000 golden florins. Thus with
great difficulty, after much time, he gained the city by reason of
their evil estate; and 100 of the best men of the city, both magnates
and popolari, he sent into banishment, confining them within bounds in
divers places. When he had departed from Brescia, with great loss and
hurt, seeing that not a fourth part of his people were left to him,
and of these a great part were sick, he held his parliament in
Cremona. There, by the influence and encouragement of the Pisans and
of the Ghibellines and Whites of Tuscany, he determined to come to
Genoa, and there re-establish his state, and in Milan he left as vicar
and captain M. Maffeo Visconti; and in Verona, M. Cane della Scala;
and in Mantua, M. Passerino de' Bonaposi; and in Parma, M. Ghiberto da
Correggia; and all the other cities of Lombardy in like manner he left
under tyrants, not being able to do otherwise, through his evil
estate, and from each one he received much money, and invested them
with the privileges of the said lordships.
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
Sec. 21.--_How the Florentines and Lucchese strengthened the frontiers by
reason of the Emperor's coming._
Sec. 22.--_How Pope Clement sent legates to crown the Emperor Henry._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Par. xvii. 82.]
In the year of Christ 1311, Pope Clement, at the request of the
Emperor, not being able to come in person to Rome to crown him, by
reason of the council which had been summoned, sent the bishop of
Ostia, Cardinal da Prato, as legate, with power to act as if he had
been the Pope in person; and he was with him in Genoa in the month of
October; and the said Pope sent as legate into Hungary Cardinal
Gentile da Montefiore to crown Carlo Rimberto, son that was of Charles
Martel and nephew of King Robert, as king over the realm of Hungary,
and to give him the aid and favour of the Church. And this the said
cardinal did, and abode long time in Hungary, until the said Carlo had
conquered almost all the country, and he had crowned him in peace.
And on the return of the said cardinal to Italy, he received
commandment from the Pope to bring to him across the mountains all the
Church treasure which was in Rome and in the other cities pertaining
to the Holy See, and this he brought as far as the city of Lucca.
Beyond that he could not bring it, neither by land nor by sea, because
the coasts of Genoa, both land and sea, were all in commotion of war
through the Guelf and Ghibelline parties, by reason of the Emperor's
coming. He left it in Lucca in the sacristy of San Friano, which
treasure was afterwards robbed by the Ghibellines; as hereafter we
shall make mention.
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
Sec. 23.--_How Pope Clement summoned a council at Vienne in Burgundy, and
canonised S. Louis, son of King Charles._ Sec. 24.--_How the Emperor
Henry came into the city of Genoa._ Sec. 25.--_How an imperial vicar came
to Arezzo._
Sec. 26.--_How the ambassadors from the Emperor came to Florence, and
were driven thence._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year, and month of October, there came to Florence M.
Pandolfo Savelli, of Rome, and other clerks as ambassadors from the
Emperor. When they were come to Lastra, above Montughi, the priors of
Florence sent them word not to enter into Florence, but to depart. The
said ambassadors, not being willing to depart, were robbed by
Florentine highwaymen, with the secret consent of the priors; and
fleeing in peril of their lives, they departed by the way of Mugello
to Arezzo, and afterwards from Arezzo summoned all the nobles and
lords and the commonwealths of Tuscany to prepare themselves to come
to the Emperor's coronation at Rome.
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
Sec. 27.--_How the Florentines sent their troops to Lunigiana to oppose
the passage of the Emperor._
Sec. 28.--_How the empress died in Genoa._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year, in the month of November, there died in Genoa the
empress, wife of the Emperor, which was held to be a holy and good
woman, and was daughter of the duke of Brabant; and was buried in the
Minor Friars with great honour.
Sec. 29.--_How the Emperor put the Florentines under the ban of the
Empire._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year and month the Emperor issued a proclamation from
Genoa against the Florentines that, if within forty days they did not
send him twelve good men with a plenipotentiary and full promise to
obey him, he would condemn their goods and persons to be forfeit,
wherever found. The commonwealth of Florence did not send any
messengers, but all the Florentine merchants which were in Genoa
received orders to depart thence, and this they did; and after that,
all merchandise which was found in Genoa in the name of the
Florentines was seized by the court of the Emperor.
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
Sec. 30.--_Of the scandal which was in Florence among the wool-workers._
Sec. 31.--_How King Robert sent men to Florence to oppose the Emperor._
Sec. 32.--_How the city of Brescia rebelled against the Emperor._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year, in the end of December, the Guelfs of Brescia
re-entered the city to cause it to rebel against the Emperor. Thither
rode M. Cane della Scala with his forces, and drave them out thence
with great loss. And in the said month of December M. Ghiberto da
Correggia, which was holding Parma, rebelled against the lordship of
the Emperor, as likewise did they of Reggio; and the Florentines and
the rest of the league of the Guelfs of Tuscany sent aid to them of
man and horse.
Sec. 33.--_How there was great tumult in Florence by reason of the death
of M. Pazzino de' Pazzi._
Sec. 34.--_How the city of Cremona rebelled against the Emperor._
In the said year 1311, on the 10th day of the said month of January,
the Cremonese rebelled against the lordship of the Emperor, and drave
out his people and his vicar, and this was through the suggestion of
the Florentines, which still had their ambassador there to treat of
this, promising to the Cremonese much aid in money and in people; but
the promise was ill fulfilled to them by the Florentines.
Sec. 35.--_How the marshal of the Emperor came to Pisa, and began war
with the Florentines._
[Sidenote: 1311 A.D.]
In the said year, on the 11th of January, Henry of Namurs, brother of
Count Robert of Flanders, marshal of the Emperor, came by sea to Pisa
with but small following, and two days after sallied forth from Pisa
with his men, and took station this side Pontadera, and all the goods
of the Florentines which were coming from Pisa he caused to be
captured and taken back to Pisa; whence the Florentines had great
loss. For this cause the Florentines sent foot and horse to Samminiato
and the frontier there.
Sec. 36.--_How the Paduans rebelled against the lordship of the Emperor._
In the said year, on the 15th of February, the Paduans, with the help
of the Florentines and of the Bolognese, rebelled against the lordship
of the Emperor, and drave out his vicar and his followers; and
tumultuously slew M. Guglielmo Novello, their fellow-citizen and chief
leader of the Ghibelline party in Padua.
Sec. 37.--_How the Emperor Henry came to the city of Pisa._ Sec.
38.--_How they of Spoleto were defeated by the Perugians._
Sec. 39.--_Of the gathering together made by King Robert and the league
of Tuscany at Rome to oppose the coronation of the Emperor Henry._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Par. xvi. 42.]
In the year 1312, in the month of April, when King Robert heard of the
preparation which the king of Germany was making in Pisa, to come to
Rome to be crowned, he sent forward to Rome, at the request and with
the support of the Orsini, M. John, his brother, with 600 Catalan and
Apulian horsemen, and they came to Rome the 16th day of April; and he
sent to the Florentines and Lucchese and Sienese, and to the other
cities of Tuscany which were in league with him, to send their forces
there; wherefore there went forth from Florence on the 9th day of May,
1312, a troop of 200 horsemen of the best citizens, and the marshal of
King Robert which was in their pay, with 300 Catalan horse and 1,000
foot, very fine soldiers; and the royal standard was borne by M. Berto
di M. Pazzino dei Pazzi, a valiant and wise young knight, which died
at Rome in the service of the king and of the commonwealth of
Florence. And from Lucca there went 300 horse and 1,000 foot, and of
Sienese 200 horse and 600 foot, and many other cities of Tuscany and
of the Roman state sent men thither. Which all were in Rome on the
21st day of May, 1312, to oppose the coronation of the Emperor; and
with the force of the said Orsini, of Rome, and of their followers
they took the Capitol, and drave out thence by force M. Louis, of
Savoy, the senator; and they took the towers and fortresses at the
foot of the Capitol, above the market, and fortified Hadrian's Castle,
called S. Angelo, and the church and palaces of S. Peter; and thus
they had the lordship and rule over more than the half of Rome, and
that, too, the most populous; and all the Transtiberine district. The
Colonnesi and their following, which took the side of the Emperor,
held the Lateran, Santa Maria Maggiore, the Coliseum, Santa Maria
Ritonda, the Milizie, and Santa Savina; and thus each party was
defended by bars and bolts in great strongholds. And as the people of
Florence abode there, on S. John Baptist's Day, their principal feast,
they ran the races in Rome for their cloth of crimson samite, as they
were wont to do on the said day in Florence.
Sec. 40.--_How the Emperor Henry departed from Pisa and came to Rome._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Purg. vi. 107.]
[Sidenote Cf. Par. xv. 109-111.]
In the said year, on the 23rd day of April, the king of Germany
departed from Pisa with his people to the number of 2,000 horse and
more, and took the way of the Maremma, and then by the country of
Siena, and by that of Orvieto, without sojourning, and without any
hindrance he came to Viterbo, and had it without opposition, forasmuch
as it pertained to the lordship of the Colonnas. And as he passed
through the territory of Orvieto, the Filippeschi of Orvieto, with
their following of Ghibellines, began a strife within the city against
the Monaldeschi and the other Guelfs of Orvieto, to give the city to
the Emperor. The Guelfs, being strong and well-armed, fought
vigorously before the Ghibellines could gain the aid of the Emperor's
troops, and overcame them, and drave them out of the city with many
slain and captured. Then the king of Germany abode many days at
Viterbo, not being able to gain admittance by the gate of S. Piero of
Rome; and the Emilian Bridge over the Tiber being fortified and
guarded by the forces of the Orsini, at last he departed from Viterbo,
and stayed at Monte Malo; and afterwards by the forces of his
followers from without, and those of the Colonnesi and their party
within, he assailed the fortresses and strongholds of the Emilian
Bridge, and by strength overcame them, and thus he entered into Rome
on the 7th day of May, and came to Santa Savina to sojourn.
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
Sec. 41.--_How M. Galeasso Visconti of Milan took the city of Piacenza._
Sec. 42.--_How the Florentines drave away the Pisans in discomfiture from
Cerretello._
Sec. 43.--_How Henry of Luxemburg was crowned Emperor at Rome._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
In the said year, whilst the king of the Romans abode long time in
Rome, till he might come by force to the church of S. Peter to be
crowned, his followers had many battles with the opposing forces of
King Robert and the Tuscans, and overcame them by force and regained
the Capitol, and the fortresses above the market, and the towers of S.
Mark. And verily it seems as if he would have been victorious in large
measure in the strife, save that on one day, the 26th day of May, when
in a great battle, the bishop of Liege, with many barons of Germany,
having forced the lines, was traversing the city well-nigh to the
bridge of S. Angelo, King Robert's followers, with the Florentines,
departed from the Campo di Fiore by crossways, and attacked the enemy
in the flank, and pursued and broke them up; and more than 250
horsemen were either slain or taken prisoner, among which the said
bishop of Liege was taken; and whilst a knight was bringing him behind
him disarmed on his horse to M. John, brother of King Robert, a
Catalan, whose brother had been slain in this pursuit, thrust at him
in the back with his sword; wherefore, when he came to the castle of
S. Angelo, in a short time he died; and this was a heavy loss,
forasmuch as he was a lord of great valour and of great authority. By
reason of the said loss and discomfiture, King Robert's followers and
their men increased greatly in vigour and audacity, and those of the
king of Germany the contrary. When he perceived that these conflicts
did not make for his good, and that he was losing his men and his
honour, having first sent to the Pope to ask that his cardinals might
crown him in whatever church of Rome might please them, he determined
to have himself crowned in S. John Lateran; and there was he crowned
by the bishop of Ostia, Cardinal da Prato, and by M. Luca dal Fiesco,
and M. Arnaldo Guasconi, cardinals, the day of S. Peter in Vincola,
the 1st of August, 1312, with great honour from those people which
were with him, and from those Romans which were on his side. And the
Emperor Henry having been crowned, a few days after he departed to
Tivoli to sojourn there, and left Rome barricaded and in evil state,
and each party kept its streets and strongholds fortified and guarded.
And when the coronation was over, there departed of his barons, the
duke of Bavaria and his people, and other lords of Germany, which had
served him, so that he remained with but few foreigners.
Sec. 44.--_How the Emperor departed from Rome to go into Tuscany._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
Then the Emperor departed from Tivoli, and came with his people to
Todi, and was received honourably by the inhabitants, and as their
lord, forasmuch as they took his part. The Florentines and the other
Tuscans, hearing that the Emperor had departed from Rome and was
taking his way towards Tuscany, straightway sent for their troops
which were at Rome, to the end they might be stronger against his
coming. And when the said troops had returned, the Florentines and the
other cities of Tuscany garrisoned their fortresses with horsemen and
with soldiers, to resist the coming of the Emperor, fearing greatly
his forces, and confining more straitly the Ghibellines and others
which were suspected; and the Florentines increased the number of
their horsemen to 1,300, and of soldiers they had with the marshal and
with others 700, so that they had about 2,000 horsemen; and every
other town and city of Tuscany in the league of King Robert and of the
Guelf party, had strengthened itself with soldiers for fear of the
Emperor.
Sec. 45.--_How the Emperor came to the city of Arezzo, and afterwards how
he came towards the city of Florence._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
In the said month of August, in 1312, the Emperor departed from Todi
and passed through the region of Perugia, destroying and burning, and
his people took by force Castiglione of Chiusi on the lake, and from
there he came to Cortona, and then to Arezzo, and was received by the
Aretines with great honour. And in Arezzo he assembled his army to
come against the city of Florence, and suddenly he departed from
Arezzo and entered into the territory of Florence on the 12th day of
September, and there was straightway surrendered to him the fortress
of Caposelvole upon the Ambra which pertained to the Florentines. And
then he pitched his camp before the fortress of Montevarchi, which was
well furnished with soldiers, both horse and foot, and with victuals;
against it he ordered many assaults, and caused the moats to be
emptied of water, and filled up with earth. They within the city,
seeing that they were so hotly assailed, and that the city had low
walls, and that the horsemen of the Emperor fighting on foot, and
mounting the walls on ladders, did not fear the arrows nor the stones
which were thrown down, were greatly dismayed, and believing that the
Florentines would not succour them, surrendered themselves on the
third day to the Emperor. And when he had taken Montevarchi, without
delay he came with his host to the fortress of Sangiovanni, which in
like manner surrendered itself to him, and he took there seventy
Catalan horsemen, in the service of the Florentines: and thus without
hindrance he came to the village of Fegghine.
Sec. 46.--_How the Florentines were well-nigh discomfited at the fortress
of Ancisa by the army of the Emperor._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
When the Florentines heard that the Emperor had departed from Arezzo,
immediately the people and horsemen of Florence, without awaiting
other aid, rode to the fortress of Ancisa upon the Arno, and they were
about 1,800 horse and many foot, and at Ancisa they encamped to hold
the pass against the Emperor. And when he heard this, he came with his
army to the plain of Ancisa upon the island of Arno which is called Il
Mezzule, and challenged the Florentines to battle. The Florentines,
knowing themselves to be in number of their horsemen not much superior
to those of the Emperor, and being without a captain, did not desire
to try the fortune of battle, believing that they could hinder the
Emperor by reason of the difficult pass, so that he could not get
through to Florence. The Emperor seeing that the Florentines were not
willing to fight, by counsel of the wise men of war, refugees from
Florence, took the way of the hill above Ancisa, and by narrow and
difficult ways passed the fortress and came out on the side towards
Florence. The host of the Florentines perceiving his movements, and
fearing lest he should come to the city of Florence, some part of them
with the king's marshal and his troops departed from Ancisa, to be
before him in the way. The count of Savoy, and M. Henry of Flanders,
which were come before to take the pass, vigorously attacked them
which were at the frontier under Montelfi, and with the advantage
which they had of the hill, they put them to flight and discomfiture,
and some pursued them as far as the village of Ancisa. The rout of the
Florentines was more through the dismay caused by the sudden assault,
than by loss of men; for among them all there were not twenty-five
horsemen slain, and less than one hundred footmen; and well-nigh all
the foreigners which came in pursuit of them as far as the village
were slain. Nevertheless, the followers of the Emperor remained
victorious in the combat, and the Florentines were filled with fear;
and the Emperor spent that night two miles this side of Ancisa on the
way to Florence. The Florentines remained in the fortress of Ancisa,
as it were besieged and with but little provision of victuals, so
that, if the Emperor had been constant to the siege, the Florentines
which were at Ancisa would have been well-nigh all slain or taken. But
as it pleased God, the Emperor resolved that night to go direct to the
city of Florence, believing that he should take it without opposition;
and he left the host of the Florentines behind at Ancisa, seeing that
they were in a state of siege, and in much fear, and in great
disorder.
Sec. 47.--_How the Emperor Henry encamped with his host before the city
of Florence._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Purg. vi. 111.]
And thus the day following, the 19th day of September, 1312, the
Emperor came with his host to the city of Florence, his followers
setting fire to everything they came across; and thus he crossed the
river Arno, over against where the Mensola enters it, and abode at the
monastery of Santo Salvi, with perhaps 1,000 horsemen. The rest of his
followers remained in Valdarno, and part at Todi, which came to him
afterwards; and as they came through the region of Perugia, they were
assailed by the Perugians, and defended themselves against them, and
passed on with loss and shame to the Perugians. And the Emperor came
thither so suddenly that the most part of the Florentines could not
believe that he was there in person; and they were so dismayed and
fearful about their horsemen which were left at Ancisa well-nigh
discomfited, that if the Emperor and his followers, upon their sudden
coming had advanced to the gates, they would have found them open and
ill-guarded; and it is thought by most that the city would have been
taken. The Florentines, however, beholding the burning of the houses
along the way, called the people to arms by sound of bell, and with
the standards of their companies they came to the piazza of the
Priors, and the bishop of Florence armed himself, with the horses
belonging to the clergy, and hastened to defend the Porta Santo
Ambrogio and the moats; and all the people on foot were with him; and
they barred the gates, and ordered the standard-bearers and their
people, at their posts along the moats, to guard the city by day and
by night. And within the city on that side they pitched a camp with
pavilions, tents, and booths, to the intent the guard might be
stronger, and made palisades along the moats of all kinds of wood,
with portcullises, in a very short time. And thus abode the
Florentines in great fear for two days, for their horsemen and their
army were returning from Ancisa by divers ways by the vale of
Robbiano, and from Santa Maria in Pianeta a Montebuoni [Impruneta] in
the night season. When they came to Florence, the city was reassured;
and the Lucchese sent thither in aid and defence of the city 600 horse
and 3,000 foot, and the Sienese 600 horse and 2,000 foot, and they of
Pistoia 100 horse and 500 foot, and they of Prato 50 horse and 400
foot, and they of Volterra 100 horse and 300 foot, and Colle and
Sangimignagno and Samminiato each 50 horse and 200 foot, the Bolognese
400 horse and 1,000 foot; from Romagna there came, what with Rimini
and Ravenna and Faenza and Cesena and the other Guelf cities, 300
horse and 1,500 foot, and from Agobbio 100 horse, and from the city of
Castello 50 horse. From Perugia there came no aid, by reason of the
war which they had with Todi and Spoleto. And thus within eight days
of the siege being declared by the Emperor, the Florentines with their
allies were more than 4,000 horse, and foot without number. The
Emperor had 1,800 horsemen, whereof 800 were foreigners and 1,000
Italians, from Rome, from the March, from the Duchy, from Arezzo, and
from Romagna, and from the Counts Guidi, and them of Santafiore, and
the Florentine refugees; and much people on foot, forasmuch as the
country people of the region which he was occupying, all followed his
camp. And that year was the most fertile and fruitful in all food
which had been for thirty years past. The Emperor abode at the siege
until the last day of the month of October, laying the whole country
waste towards the eastern side, and did great hurt to the Florentines
without any attack upon the city, being in hopes of gaining it by
agreement; and even if he had attacked it, it was so well furnished
with horsemen, that there would have been two or more defending the
city for every one without, and of foot four to one; and the
Florentines were in such good heart that the most part went about
unarmed, and they kept all the other gates open, save the one on that
side; and the merchandise came in and went out as if there had been no
war. As to the Florentines sallying forth to battle, either by reason
of cowardice or of prudence in war, or because they had no leader,
they would in no wise trust to the fortune of the combat, albeit they
had greatly the advantage, had they but had a good captain, and been
more united among themselves. Certainly they rode out to Cerretello,
whither the Pisans had marched with their army, and they forced them
to withdraw from it again, as though defeated, in the month of
October. The Emperor lay sick many days at San Salvi, and perceiving
that he could not gain the city by agreement, and that the Florentines
would not give battle, he departed, not yet recovered. [And whilst he
was still at San Salvi, the count of Savoy was discoursing with the
abbot and certain monks of that place, concerning the Emperor, how he
had heard from his astrologers or by some other revelation, that he
was to conquer as far as to the world's end; then said the abbot
smiling: "The prophecy is fulfilled, for hard by where you are
dwelling, there is a road which has no exit, which is called the
World's End"; wherefore the count and the other barons which heard
this were confounded in their vain hope: and for this reason, wise men
ought not to put faith in any prophecy or sayings of astrologers, for
they are lies and have a double meaning.]
Sec. 48.--_How the Emperor abandoned the siege, and departed from San
Salvi, and came to San Casciano, and then to Poggibonizzi._
[Sidenote: 1312 A.D.]
The Emperor with his host departed on the night before All Saints, and
having burnt his camp, he passed the Arno by the way which he came,
and encamped on the plain of Ema, three miles from the city. On his
going the Florentines did not sally forth from the city by night, but
they sounded the bells and all men stood to arms; and for this cause,
as was afterwards known, the followers of the Emperor were in great
trepidation about their departure, lest they should be attacked by
night either in front or in rear by the Florentines. The morning
following, a part of the Florentines went to the hill of Santa
Margherita above the camp of the Emperor, and by way of skirmishes
they made many assaults upon them, in the which they had the worse;
and having tarried there three days in shame, he departed and came
with his host to the village of San Casciano, eight miles from the
city; wherefore the Florentines caused a trench to be dug round the
increase of the sesto of Oltrarno outside the ancient walls, on the
first of December, 1312. And the Emperor being at San Casciano, the
Pisans came thither to his aid with full 500 horse and 3,000 foot, and
1,000 archers of Genoa, and they arrived the 20th day of November. At
San Casciano he abode until the 6th day of January, without making any
attack upon the Florentines save incursions, and laying waste, and
burning houses in the region; and he took many strongholds of the
country; nor did the Florentines therefore sally forth to battle, save
in incursions and skirmishes, wherein now one party and now the other
suffered loss, not worthy of much mention, save that at one encounter,
at Cerbaia in the Val di Pesa our troops were routed by the Germans,
and one of the Spini was there slain, and one of the Bostichi, and one
of the Guadagni, because of their boldness at that place; for they
were of a company of volunteers, with a captain, their banner bearing
a red stripe on a green field, and they called themselves the
Cavaliers of the Stripe, of the most famous young men of Florence, and
they did many feats of arms. But during this time, the Florentines
parted from a great number of their allies and let them go; and the
Emperor himself had not many followers; and by reason of his long
sojourn and by the discomfort of the cold, there began in the camp at
San Casciano to be great sickness and mortality among the people,
which greatly infected the country, and reached as far as to Florence;
for the which cause the Emperor departed with his host from San
Casciano and came to Poggibonizzi, and took the strongholds of
Barberino and of San Donato in Poggio, and many other fortresses; at
Poggibonizzi he restored the fortress upon the hill, as of old it was
wont to be, and gave it the name of the Imperial Fortress. There he
abode until the 6th day of March, and during that sojourn he was in
great need of provision, and suffered much want, he and all his host,
forasmuch as the Sienese on the one side, and the Florentines on the
other, between them had closed the roads, and 300 soldiers of King
Robert were in Colle di Valdelsa, and harassed them continually; and
200 of the Emperor's horsemen, as they were returning from Casole,
were defeated by the king's horsemen which were in Colle, on the 14th
day of February, 1312. And on the other side, the marshal with the
soldiers of Florence, harassed him in Sangimignagno, so that the state
of the Emperor was much diminished, and there scarce remained to him
1,000 horse, forasmuch as M. Robert of Flanders had departed with his
followers, and the Florentines took him in flank at Castelfiorentino,
and a great part of his men were slain or taken, and he fled with a
few, albeit he had held the field well, and had given them which
attacked him much to do, which were four to his one, and were much
shamed thereby.
Sec. 49.--_How the Emperor departed from Poggibonizzi and returned to
Pisa, and issued many bans against the Florentines._
[Sidenote: 1313 A.D.]
Thus the Emperor perceived himself to be brought low in men and in
victuals, and also in money, so that nought was left to him to spend,
save only that ambassadors from King Frederick of Sicily, which landed
at Pisa, and came to him to Poggibonizzi to make a league with him
against King Robert, gave him 20,000 golden pistoles. When he had paid
his debts with these, he departed from Poggibonizzi, and without
halting came to Pisa, on the 9th day of March, 1312, in very evil
plight, both he and his followers; but the Emperor Henry had this
supreme virtue in him, that never in adversity was he as one cast
down, nor in prosperity was he vainglorious. When the Emperor had
returned to Pisa he proclaimed a great and weighty sentence against
the Florentines, taking from them all jurisdiction and honours,
disqualifying all the judges and notaries, and condemning the
commonwealth of Florence to pay 100,000 marks of silver; and many
citizens, both magnates and popolani who were in the government of
Florence, he condemned in their money, and persons, and goods; and the
Florentines were not to coin money in gold or in silver; and he
granted to M. Ubizzino Spinoli of Genoa and to the marquis of
Montferrat, the privilege of coining florins counterfeited after the
impression of those of the Florentines; the which thing, by wise men,
was charged against him as a great fault and sin, for however
indignant and wrathful he might be against the Florentines, he ought
never to have granted a privilege to coin false florins.
Sec. 50.--_How the Emperor condemned King Robert._
[Sidenote: 1313 A.D.]
Against King Robert he likewise proclaimed a heavy sentence, declaring
his realm of Apulia and the county of Provence to be forfeit, and
himself and his heirs to be condemned in their persons as traitors
against the Empire; which sentence was afterwards declared null and
void by Pope John XXII. And while the Emperor was in Pisa, M. Henry of
Flanders, his marshal, rode to Versilia and Lunigiana with 800 horse
and 6,000 foot, and took Pietrasanta by force on the 28th day of
March, 1313. The Lucchese, which were at Camaiore with the forces of
the Florentines, did not venture to oppose him, but returned to Lucca;
and Serrezzano, which was held by the Lucchese, surrendered to the
Marquises Malispini, who held with the Emperor.
Sec. 51.--_How the Emperor made ready to enter into the Kingdom against
King Robert, and departed from Pisa._
[Sidenote: 1313 A.D.]
This done, the Emperor took counsel not to encounter the Florentines
and the other Tuscans (whereby he had little bettered his state, but
rather made it worse), but to bring matters to a head, and to march
against King Robert with all his force and take the Kingdom from him;
and if he had done this, it was believed that he would have been
master of all Italy; and certainly this would have come to pass, if
God had not averted it, as we shall make mention. He made a league
with King Frederick, who held the island of Sicily, and with the
Genoese, and ordained that each one, on the day named, should put to
sea with a large fleet of armed galleys; he sent into Germany and into
Lombardy for fresh troops, and made the like demands on all his
subjects, and on the Ghibellines of Italy. During this sojourn in
Pisa, he collected much money, and without sleeping, caused his
marshal continually to make war against Lucca and Samminiato, though
he made but little progress. In the summer of 1313, which he passed in
Pisa, after his forces were come to him, he numbered more than 2,500
foreign horsemen, for the most part Germans, and of Italians fully
1,500 horsemen. The Genoese armed at his request seventy galleys,
whereof M. Lamba d'Oria was admiral, and he came with the said navy to
the port of Pisa, and parleyed with the Emperor; afterwards he
departed towards the kingdom to the island of Ponzo. King Frederick
armed fifty galleys, and on the day named, the 5th of August, 1313,
the Emperor departed from Pisa; and the same day it came to pass that
King Frederick departed from Messina with his army, and with 1,000
horse, encamped in Calabria, and took the city of Reggio, and many
other cities.
Sec. 52.--_How the Emperor Henry died at Bonconvento, in the country of
Siena._
[Sidenote: 1313 A.D.]
When the Emperor had departed from Pisa he crossed the Elsa, and
attacked Castelfiorentino, and could not take it; he went on through
Poggibonizzi and Colle, as far as Siena alongside the gates. In Siena
there were many folk of war, and certain Florentine horsemen sallied
forth from the Cammollia Gate to skirmish, and were worsted and driven
back into the city; and Siena was in great fear; and the Emperor
passed by the city and encamped at Montaperti upon the Arbia; there he
began to be sick, albeit his sickness had made itself felt even from
his departure from Pisa; but because he would not fail to depart on
the day named, he set forth on his journey. Then he went to the plain
of Filetta, to bathe in the baths of Macereto, and from there he went
to the village of Bonconvento, twelve miles beyond Siena. There he
grew rapidly worse, and, as it pleased God, he passed from this life
on the day of S. Bartholomew, the 24th day of August, 1313.
Sec. 53.--_Relates how, when the Emperor was dead, his host was divided,
and the barons carried his body to the city of Pisa._
[Sidenote: 1313 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Par. xxx. 133-138.]
When the Emperor Henry was dead, his host, and the Pisans, and all his
friends were in great grief thereat, and the Florentines, Sienese and
Lucchese and they of their league rejoiced greatly. And when he was
dead, straightway the Aretines and the other Ghibellines from the
March and from Romagna departed from the host at Bonconvento, wherein
were great numbers of people, both on horse and on foot. His barons
and the Pisan cavalry, with their followers, without delay passed
through the Maremma with his body, and brought it to Pisa; there, with
great sorrow and also with great honour, they buried it in their
cathedral. This was the end of the Emperor Henry. And let not the
reader marvel, that his story has been continued by us without
recounting other things and events in Italy and in other provinces and
realms; for two reasons, one, because all Christians and also Greeks
and Saracens were intent upon his doings and fortunes, and therefore
but few notable things came to pass in any other place; the other,
that by reason of the divers and manifold great fortunes which he met
withal in the short time that he lived, it is verily believed by the
wise, that if death had not come so early to a lord of such valour and
of such great undertakings as he was, he would have conquered the
Kingdom, and taken it from King Robert, who had made but little
preparation for its defence. Rather was it said by many, that King
Robert would not have awaited him, but would have gone by sea to
Provence; and after he had conquered the Kingdom as he purposed, it
would have been very easy for him to conquer all Italy and many of the
other provinces.
Sec. 54.--_How Frederick, the said king of Sicily, came by sea to the
city of Pisa._ Sec. 55.--_How the Count Filipponi of Pavia was defeated
at Piacenza._
Sec. 56.--_How the Florentines gave the lordship of Florence to King
Robert for five years._
In the said year 1313, whilst the Emperor was yet alive, the
Florentines finding themselves in evil case, alike from the forces of
the Emperor and of their own exiles, and also having dissensions among
themselves from the factions which had arisen as to the filling of the
magistracies, they gave themselves to King Robert for five years, and
then afterwards they renewed it for three, and thus for eight years
King Robert had the lordship over them, sending them a vicar every six
months, and the first was M. Giacomo di Cantelmo of Provence, who came
to Florence in the month of June, 1313. And the Lucchese and the
Pistoians and the men of Prato did the like, in giving the lordship to
King Robert. And of a surety this was the salvation of the
Florentines, for by reason of the great divisions among the Guelfs, if
there had not been this device of the lordship of King Robert they
would have been torn to pieces and destroyed by each other, and one
side or the other cast out.
[Sidenote: 1313 A.D.]
Sec. 57.--_How the Spinoli were expelled from Genoa._ Sec. 58.--_How
Uguccione da Faggiuola, lord of Pisa, made great war against the
Lucchese, so that they restored the Ghibelline refugees to Lucca under
enforced terms of peace._
Sec. 59.--_Of the death of Pope Clement._
[Sidenote: 1314 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Inf. xix. 82-87. Par. xvii. 82, xxvii. 58-60, xxx. 142-148.
Epist. v. 10: 167, 168.]
In the year 1314, on the 20th day of April, Pope Clement died; he was
on his way to Bordeaux, in Gascony, and when he had passed the Rhone
at Roquemaure, in Provence, he fell sick and died. This was a man very
greedy of money, and a simoniac, which sold in his court every
benefice for money, and was licentious; for it was openly said that he
had as mistress the countess of Perigord, a most beautiful lady,
daughter of the count of Foix. And he bequeathed to his nephews and
family immense and boundless treasure; and it was said that while the
said Pope was yet alive, one of his nephews, a cardinal, died, whom he
greatly loved; and he constrained a great master of necromancy to tell
him what had become of his nephew's soul. The said master having
wrought his arts, caused a chaplain of the Pope, a very courageous
man, to be conducted by the demons, which had him to hell, and showed
him visibly a palace wherein was a bed of glowing fire, and thereon
was the soul of the said nephew which was dead, and they said to him
that for his simony he was thus judged. And he saw in his vision
another palace being raised over against the first, which they told
him was being prepared for Pope Clement. And the said chaplain brought
back these tidings to the Pope, which was never afterwards glad, and
he lived but a short time longer; and when he was dead, and his body
had been left for the night in a church with many lights, his coffin
caught fire and was burnt, and his body from the middle downwards.
Sec. 60.--_How Uguccione da Faggiuola with the Pisans took the city of
Lucca and stole the treasure of the Church._ Sec. 61.--_How M. Peter,
brother of King Robert, came to Florence as lord._ Sec. 62.--_How King
Robert went with a great armament against Sicily, and besieged the
city of Trapali._
Sec. 63.--_How the Paduans were discomfited at Vicenza by M. Cane della
Scala._
[Sidenote: Johannes de Virgilio. Carmen _v._ 28.]
[Sidenote: Par. xvii. 76-93.]
In the said year 1314, on the 18th day of September, the Paduans went
in full force to Vicenza, and took the suburbs, and besieged the city;
but M. Cane, lord of Verona, suddenly came to Vicenza, and with a few
followers fought against the Paduans; and they being in disorder,
trusting in themselves too much after having taken the suburbs, were
discomfited, and many of them were slain and taken prisoner.
Sec. 64.--_How the Florentines made peace with the Aretines._ Sec.
65.--_How a comet appeared in the heavens._
Sec. 66.--_Of the death of Philip, king of France, and of his sons._
[Sidenote: Par. xix. 118-120.]
[Sidenote: 1314 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Purg. vii. 109, 110.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Par. ix. 1.]
In the said year 1314, in the month of November, the King Philip, king
of France, which had reigned twenty-nine years, died by an
ill-adventure; for, being at a chase, a wild boar ran between the legs
of the horse whereupon he was riding, and caused him to fall, and
shortly after he died. He was one of the most comely men in the world,
and of the tallest in person, and well proportioned in every limb; he
was a wise man in himself, and good, after layman's fashion, but by
reason of pleasure-seeking, especially in the chase, he did not devote
his powers to ruling his realm, but rather allowed them to be played
upon by others, so that he was generally swayed by ill counsel, to
which he lent a too ready credence; whence many perils came to his
realm. He left three sons, Louis, king of Navarre; Philip, count of
Poitou; and Charles, Count de la Marche. All these sons one after
another in a short while became kings of France, one succeeding on the
death of another. And a little while before King Philip, their father,
died, there fell upon them great and shameful misfortune, for the
wives of all three were found to be faithless; and each one of the
husbands was among the most beauteous Christians in the world. The
wife of King Louis was daughter of the duke of Burgundy. Louis, when
he was king of France, caused her to be strangled with a towel, and
then took to wife Queen Clemence, daughter, that was, of Charles
Martel, the son of Charles II., king of Apulia. The wives of the
second and third sons were sisters, daughters of the count of
Burgundy, and heiresses of the countess of Artois. Philip, count of
Poitou, on his wife's denial of the charge, and because he loved her
much, took her again as being good and beautiful; Charles, Count de la
Marche, never would take his wife back, but kept her in prison. This
misfortune, it was said, befell them as a miracle by reason of the sin
which prevailed in that house of taking their kinswomen to wife, not
regarding degrees, or perchance because of the sin committed by their
father in taking Pope Boniface, as the bishop of Sion prophesied, as
we have before narrated.
[Sidenote: 1314 A.D.]
[Sidenote: 1315 A.D.]
Sec. 67.--_Of the election which was made in Germany of two Emperors, one
the duke of Bavaria, and the other the duke of Austria._ Sec. 68.--_How
Uguccione, lord of Pisa, made great war against the neighbouring
places._ Sec. 69.--_How King Louis of France was crowned, and led an army
against the Flemings, but gained nothing._
Sec. 70.--_How Uguccione, lord of Lucca and of Pisa, laid siege to the
castle of Montecatini._
In the said year, Uguccione da Faggiuola, with his forces of German
troops, being lord of all Pisa and of Lucca, having triumphed
throughout all Tuscany, brought his host and laid siege to
Montecatini, in Valdinievole, which was held by the Florentines after
the loss of Lucca; and, albeit it was well furnished with good men,
yet by means of the siege works it was greatly straitened, and in sore
want of provisions. The Florentines sent into the Kingdom for M.
Philip of Taranto, brother to King Robert, to oppose the fury of
Uguccione, and of the Pisans, and of the Germans; and he came to
Florence on the 11th of July with 500 horsemen in the pay of the
Florentines, and with his son Charles, against the will of King
Robert, who knew his brother to be more headstrong than wise, and also
not very fortunate in battle, but rather the contrary; and if the
Florentines had been willing to tarry longer, King Robert would have
sent to Florence his son, the duke, with more order and more
preparation, and a better following: but the haste of the Florentines,
and the device of hostile fortune, made them desire only the prince,
whence came to them thereafter much harm and loss of renown.
Sec. 71.--_How, when the prince of Taranto was come to Florence, the
Florentines sallied forth with their army to succour Montecatini, and
were defeated by Uguccione della Faggiuola._
[Sidenote: 1315 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Johannes de Virgilio. Carmen _v._ 27.]
When the prince of Taranto and his son were come to Florence,
Uguccione, with all his forces from Pisa and from Lucca, and those of
the bishop of Arezzo, and of the counts of Santafiore, and of all the
Ghibellines of Tuscany and the exiles of Florence, with aid of the
Lombards, under M. Maffeo Visconti and his sons, to the number of
2,500 and more horse, and a great number of foot, came to besiege the
stronghold of Montecatini. The Florentines, in order to succour it,
assembled a great host, and since they invited all their friends,
there were there Bolognese, Sienese, men of Perugia and of the city of
Castello, of Agobbio, and of Romagna, and of Pistoia, of Volterra, and
of Prato, and of all the other Guelf and friendly cities of Tuscany,
to the number, with the followers of the prince and of M. Piero, of
3,200 horse and a very great number of foot; and they departed from
Florence on the 6th day of August. And when the said host of the
Florentines and of the prince was come to Valdinievole, over against
that of Uguccione, many days they abode face to face with the torrent
of the Nievole between them, and many assaults and skirmishes took
place. The Florentines, with many captains and but little order, held
their enemies for nought; Uguccione and his people held theirs in
great fear, and for this cause they kept strict guard and wise
generalship. Uguccione, receiving tidings that the Guelfs of the
territory six miles around Lucca, at the instigation of the
Florentines, were marching upon Lucca, and had already routed the
escort and taken possession of the road whereby provisions were
brought to his army, took counsel to withdraw from the siege; and by
night he gathered his troops and burned his outworks, and came with
his followers in battle array to the neutral ground on the plain
commanded by both the two hosts, with the intention, if the prince and
his host did not stretch out to intercept him, to march through and
make for Pisa; and if they desired to fight, he would have the
advantage of the field, and would risk the chances of battle. The
prince and the Florentines and their host, perceiving this, when day
broke left the camp, and moved their tents and baggage; and the prince
being ill with ague, they showed but little foresight, nor kept good
order in the troops, by reason of the sudden and unexpected breaking
up of the camp, but they confronted the enemy, thinking to turn them
to flight. Uguccione, perceiving that he could not avoid the battle,
caused the outposts of the plain to be assailed (to wit, the Sienese
and them of Colle and others,) by his forefighters, about 150 horse,
whereof were captains with the imperial pennon, M. Giovanni Giacotti
Malespini, a rebel against Florence, and Uguccione's son; and the
Sienese and men of Colle were without resistance broken up and driven
back as far as the troop of M. Piero, which was with the Florentine
horse. There the said forefighters were checked and well-nigh all cut
off and slain, and the said M. Giovanni was left there dead, and
Uguccione's son, and their company; and the imperial pennon was cut
down, with many good and brave folk.
Sec. 72.--_More about the said battle and defeat of the Florentines and
of the prince._
[Sidenote: 1315 A.D.]
When the attack was begun, and Uguccione perceived how sorry a figure
was made by the Sienese and the men of Colle when they fled by reason
of the assault of his forefighters, he straightway caused the German
troop to strike in, which were 800 horse and more; and they furiously
attacked the camp and the said ill-ordered host, whereof by reason of
the sudden movement a great part of the horse was not fully armed, and
the foot so ill ordered, that when the Germans attacked them in flank,
the javelin men let their missiles fall upon our own horse, and then
took to flight. And this, among others was one great cause of the rout
of the Florentine host, forasmuch as the said German troop pricking
forward turned them to flight with little resistance save from the
troop of M. Piero and of the Florentines, which endured long, but in
the end were discomfited. In this battle there died M. Piero, brother
of King Robert, and his body was never found; and M. Carlo, son of the
prince, died there, and Count Charles of Battifolle, and M. Caroccio,
and M. Brasco of Aragon, constables of the Florentines, men of great
valour; and of Florence were left on the field some from well-nigh all
the great houses and many magnates of the people, to the number of 114
cavaliers, between slain and prisoners; and, in like manner, of the
best of Siena and Perugia and Bologna, and the other cities of Tuscany
and of Romagna; in which battle there were slain 2,000 men in all, of
horse and foot, and there were 1,500 prisoners. The prince fled with
all the rest of his followers, some towards Pistoia and some towards
Fucecchio and some by the Cerbaia; wherefore, since numbers were lost
in the marshes of the Guisciana, many of the aforesaid slain were
drowned without stroke of sword. This lamentable discomfiture was on
the day of the beheading of S. John, the 29th day of August, 1315.
After the said discomfiture, the stronghold of Montecatini surrendered
to Uguccione, and the stronghold of Montesommano, which the
Florentines held; and they which were within were allowed to go out
safe and sound under conditions.
[Sidenote: 1316 A.D.]
Sec. 73.--_How Vinci and Cerretoguidi rebelled against the Florentines._
Sec. 74.--_How King Robert sent Count Novello into Florence as captain._
Sec. 75.--_How Uguccione beheaded Banduccio Bonconti and his son,
magnates of Pisa._ Sec. 76.--_How the Florentines were divided into
factions among themselves, and elected a Bargello._ Sec. 77.--_How a part
of the walls of Florence was built, and how bad coins were struck._ Sec.
78.--_How Uguccione da Faggiuola was expelled from the lordship of
Pisa and of Lucca, and how Castruccio at first had the lordship of
Lucca._ Sec. 79.--_How the count of Battifolle was vicar in Florence,
and expelled the Bargello and changed the state of Florence._ Sec.
80.--_Tells of a great famine and mortality beyond the mountains._
Sec. 81.--_Of the election of Pope John XXII._
[Sidenote: 1317 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Par. xxvii. 58. Epistola viii.]
John XXII., born in Cahors, of base lineage, occupied the papal chair
for 18 years 2 months and 26 days. He was elected on the 7th day of
August, 1316, in Avignon by the cardinals, after a vacancy of two
years, and after great discord among themselves, forasmuch as the
Gascon cardinals, which were a large part of the college, desired the
election of one of themselves, and the Italian and French and
Provencal cardinals would not consent thereto, so much had they
endured from the Gascon Pope. After long dispute, both one party and
the other entrusted their votes to this Cahorsine, as a mediator, the
Gascons believing that he would elect the cardinal of Besiers, which
was of their nation, or Cardinal Pelagru. Who, with the consent of the
other Italians and Provencals, and by the device of Cardinal Napoleone
Orsini, head of the faction against the Gascons, gave the chair to
himself, electing himself Pope after the manner ordained according to
the Decretals. This man was a poor clerk, and his father was a
cobbler, and he was brought up by the bishop of Arles, chancellor to
King Charles II.; and by reason of his goodness and industry he came
into favour with King Charles, who caused him to be educated at his
charges, and then the king made him bishop of Frejus; and on the death
of his master, the archbishop of Arles, to wit M. Piero da Ferriera,
the chancellor, King Robert made him chancellor in his stead; and
afterwards, of his care and sagacity, he sent letters as from King
Robert to Pope Clement recommending himself, whereof the king, it was
said, knew nothing at all, by reason of which letters he, the said
bishop of Frejus, was promoted to be bishop of Avignon, and afterwards
cardinal by reason of his wit and industry; wherefore King Robert,
before he was made cardinal, was wroth with him, and took away the
seal from him, forasmuch as he had sealed the said letters in his own
favour to the said Pope Clement without his knowledge. This Pope John
was crowned in Avignon on S. Mary's Day, the 8th day of September,
1316. Afterwards he was a great friend to King Robert, and he to him;
and by his means he did great things, as hereafter shall be narrated.
This Pope caused the Seventh Book of the Decretals to be completed
which Pope Clement had begun, and set in order the solemnity and
festival of the Sacrament of the Body of Christ, with great
indulgences and pardons to whoso should be at celebration of the
sacred offices, each hour, and he gave a general pardon of forty days
to all Christians for every time that they made reverence when the
priest repeated the name of Jesus Christ; this he did afterwards in
the year 1318.
Sec. 82.--_How King Robert and the Florentines made peace with the Pisans
and Lucchese._ Sec. 83.--_How the Florentines recalled the bad money and
issued the good money of the "new Guelf" mintage._ Sec. 84.--_How King
Robert sent his fleet to Sicily and did great damage._ Sec. 85.--_How
Ferrara rebelled against the Church._
Sec. 86.--_How Uguccione da Faggiuola sought to re-enter Pisa, and what
came of it in Pisa, and of the Marquis Spinetta._
[Sidenote: 1317 A.D.]
In the said year 1317, in the month of August, Uguccione da Faggiuola,
with aid from M. Cane of Verona, came suddenly with much people, both
horse and foot, into Lunigiana, supported by forces and letters of the
Marquis Spinetta, who purposed to come to Pisa on the strength of
certain negotiations which he had conducted in the city with men of
his faction; which plot was discovered, and there was an outcry of the
people, whereof Coscetto dal Colle of Pisa made himself the leader;
and by the counsel of Count Gaddo they rushed in fury to the house of
the Lanfranchi, which were in league with Uguccione, and slew four of
the chief of the house; and others, together with their followers,
they banished and set under bounds. When Uguccione perceived that he
could not carry out his enterprise, he returned into Lombardy to
Verona. Castruccio, lord of Lucca, and Uguccione's enemy, made a
league with Count Gaddo and with the Pisans, and with aid of horsemen
from them, he went with his host against the Marquis Spinetti, which
had given Uguccione free passage, and took from him Fosdinuovo, a very
strong castle, and Veruca and Buosi, and drave him from all his towns;
and the said Spinetti fled with his family to M. Cane della Scala at
Verona.
Sec. 87.--_How the Ghibelline party left Genoa._
[Sidenote: 1317 A.D.]
In the said year 1317, on the 15th day of September, the city of Genoa
being under popular government, but the Grimaldi and the Fiescadori
and their Guelf party being stronger than the d'Oria and their
Ghibellines (on the one hand because King Robert favoured the Guelfs,
and on the other hand because the Spinoli, which were of the
Ghibelline party, and in exile from Genoa, were enemies of the
d'Oria), certain of the house of the Grimaldi, by reason of enmity
against the d'Oria, reinstated the Spinoli in Genoa, under pretence
that they would abide under their command and that of the
commonwealth. When they of the house of d'Oria and their friends
perceived this, they feared greatly to be betrayed by the Guelfs and
by the Grimaldi; and the city was all in arms and uproar; and the
d'Oria not finding themselves powerful, by reason of the opposition of
the Guelfs, and also of the Ghibelline Spinoli their enemies,
concealed themselves and their friends, and showed no force of arms;
by the which thing the Guelfs were encouraged and took up arms, and
chose as captains of Genoa, M. Carlo dal Fiesco and M. Guasparre
Grimaldi, on the 10th day of November, 1317. And when the Spinoli
which were returned to Genoa saw that the city was come altogether to
the Guelf party, and knew that this was through the care and industry
of King Robert, straightway they agreed with the d'Oria and with their
Ghibelline friends, and they all departed from the city together, on
no other compulsion; whence afterwards ensued great scandal and war,
as hereafter will be told, forasmuch as the said two houses of the
d'Oria and the Spinola were the most powerful families of Italy on the
side of the Ghibellines and the empire.
Sec. 88.--_How the Ghibellines of Lombardy besieged Cremona._
Sec. 89.--_How M. Cane della Scala led an army against the Paduans, and
took many castles from them._
In the said year, in the month of December, the said M. Cane with his
forces led his host against the Paduans, and took Monselici and Esti
and a great part of their castles, and brought them so low that the
following February, not being able to oppose him, they made peace
according to M. Cane's pleasure, and promised to restore the
Ghibellines to Padua; and this they did.
Sec. 90.--_How the exiles from Genoa with the force of the Ghibellines of
Lombardy besieged Genoa._
[Sidenote: 1318 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Convivio iv. 20: 38-41.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Purg. iv. 25. Purg. iii. 49.]
In the year 1318, when they of the houses of d'Oria and of Spinola
with their following were in banishment from Genoa, and by reason of
their power maintained themselves on the Riviera of Genoa on their
estates, they sent ambassadors into Lombardy and made a treaty and
league with M. Maffeo Visconti, captain of Milan, and with his sons
and with all the Lombard league which were Imperial and Ghibelline.
For the which thing M. Marco Visconti, son of the said Maffeo, came
from Lombardy with a great army of soldiers, Germans and Lombards, on
horse and on foot, and with the said exiles from Genoa laid siege to
the said city on the side of Co' di Fare and of the suburbs; and this
was on the 25th day of March, 1318; and a few days after they of the
house of d'Oria, with the aid of the others, led another army against
the city of Albingano, on the Riviera of Genoa, and this they took,
under conditions, in a few days. Afterwards, while the said host was
still at Genoa, M. Edoardo d'Oria made a compact with the Abao [chief
magistrate] of the people of Saona, and entered into the said city of
Saona by night secretly, and straightway, with the aid of the
Ghibellines of the city (for the greater part thereof were of the
Imperial party), caused the said city to rebel against the
commonwealth of Genoa in the month of April; for the which thing the
forces of the exiles from Genoa increased greatly, so that well-nigh
all the Western Riviera was under their lordship, save the strongholds
of Monaco and Ventimiglia and the city of Noli; and in the Eastern
Riviera they held Lerici.
Sec. 91.--_How the Ghibellines of Lombardy took Cremona._
Sec. 92.--_How the exiles from Genoa took the suburbs of Prea._
[Sidenote: 1318 A.D.]
In the said year, at the end of May, the said exiles had besieged the
city of Co' di Fare for two months, and it was bravely held by them
within by means of a cunning device of ropes which kept the tower in
communication with a vessel in the port of Genoa, and by this means
they were supplied and provisioned in spite of all the host; wherefore
the said exiles took counsel how they might dig and cut away the
ground under the said tower. They within, fearing that it might fall,
surrendered it on condition that their lives should be spared, and
some said for money; and when they had returned into Genoa, they were
condemned to death, and were cast down from a height. While the
refugees were busied with the said siege, they continually attacked
the suburbs of Prea, which are without the Oxen Gate; and fighting
manfully, they took the place on the 25th day of June in the said
year, whereby they advanced greatly, and the inhabitants of Genoa lost
in like measure; for the host without increased, and gathered in the
suburbs, and took the mountain of Peraldo and of S. Bernardo above
Genoa, and surrounded the city; and above Bisagno they pitched another
camp, so that the city was all besieged by land, and by sea it
suffered great persecution from the galleys of Saona, and from the
exiles, which had the lordship over the sea.
Sec. 93.--_How King Robert came by sea to succour Genoa._
[Sidenote: 1318 A.D.]
In the said year 1318, the Guelf party being thus besieged in Genoa by
sea and by land, they sent their ambassadors to Naples to King Robert,
who had been the cause of the whole disturbance in Genoa, that he
should succour them and aid them without delay; and if he did not do
this, they could not hold out, so straitened were they by the siege
and by want of victuals. For the which thing King Robert straightway
raised a great fleet of forty-seven transport vessels and twenty-five
light galleys, and many other boats and craft laden with provisions;
and he in person, with the prince of Taranto, and with M. John, prince
of the Morea, his brothers, and with other barons and with horsemen to
the number of 1,200, departed from Naples on the 10th day of July, and
came by sea, and entered into Genoa on the 21st day of July, 1318, and
was honourably received by the citizens as their lord, and heartened
the city, which could scarce hold out for lack of victuals.
Immediately when the king was come to Genoa, the exiles broke up the
camp which they had in Bisagno, and withdrew to the mountains of San
Bernardo and of Peraldo, and to the suburbs of Prea towards the west.
Sec. 94.--_How the Genoese gave the lordship of Genoa to King Robert._
[Sidenote: 1318 A.D.]
In the said year, on the 27th day of July, the captains of Genoa and
the Abao of the people, and the Podesta, in full parliament, renounced
their jurisdiction and lordship, and with the consent of the people
gave the lordship and care of the city and of the Riviera to Pope John
and to King Robert for ten years, according to the constitutions of
Genoa; and King Robert took it for the Pope and for himself, as one
who had long desired it, thinking when he should have got the lordship
of Genoa quietly in his hands, to be able to recover the island of
Sicily, and overcome all his enemies; and it was for this purpose
that, long ere this, he had stirred up revolution in the city, so as
to drive thence the Spinoli and the d'Oria, forasmuch as ofttimes
whilst they were lords of Genoa, they had opposed King Robert and King
Charles, his father, and had helped them of Aragon which held the
island of Sicily, as before we have made mention.
Sec. 95.--_Of the active war which the exiles of Genoa with the Lombards
made against King Robert._
[Sidenote: 1318 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Purg. xiii. 152.]
The host without Genoa was not weakened by reason of King Robert's
coming, but was largely increased by the aid of the lords of Lombardy,
which held with the Imperial party; and they renewed their league with
the emperor of Constantinople, and with King Frederick of Sicily, and
with the marquis of Monferrat, and with Castruccio, lord of Lucca, and
also secretly with the Pisans. And whilst they were at the siege, they
were continually making strong and fierce assaults upon the city,
hurling things against it from many engines, and attacking it in many
places by day and by night--being men of great vigour--in such wise
that King Robert with all his forces could gain nothing against them
in any part. Rather by digging underground they undermined a great
piece of the wall of Porta Santa Agnesa, and caused it to fall, and
some of them entered by force into the city. Wherefore the king in
person armed himself with all his followers, and they met one another
with great vigour upon the ruined walls with swords in hand, but the
great barons and knights of the king drove back their enemies with
great loss both to one side and to the other, and they rebuilt the
walls with great labour in a short time, working both day and night.
The king and his followers being thus besieged and attacked in Genoa,
sent for aid into Tuscany, and received it from many quarters: from
the Florentines, 100 horse and 500 foot, all with lilies for their
device, and the same number from Bologna, and likewise from Romagna,
and from many other places, and they went to Genoa by sea by the way
of Talamone; so that when his allies were come to him, the king was
supported in Genoa on the first day of November of the said year by
more than 2,500 horse, and by footmen without number. Without were
more than 1,500 horse, and the captain of the host was M. Marco
Visconti of Milan, and they held the hill fortresses round about in
such wise that the king could not go afield; and thus abode the said
hosts in close war and skirmishes, hurling and shooting at one another
all the said summer, and also the winter, forasmuch as neither one
side nor the other could get the advantage. And thus abiding, M. Marco
Visconti was so presumptuous as to request King Robert to fight with
him in single combat, and whichever was victorious should be lord,
which put the king into great scorn.
Sec. 96.--_How in the city of Siena there was a conspiracy, and uproar,
and great changes followed thereupon._
Sec. 97.--_How King Robert's followers discomfited the exiles from Genoa
at the village of Sesto, and how they departed from the siege of the
city._
[Sidenote: 1318 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Johannes de Virgilio. Carmen _v._ 29.]
In the said year 1318, after that King Robert had been besieged in
Genoa for more than six months, as already narrated, he bethought him
that he could not crush his enemies without unless he could land his
army between the suburbs and Saona; and he raised a fleet of sixty
galleys and transport vessels, and assembled 850 horse, and of foot
full 15,000; and together with them were some Florentines and other
Tuscans, and Bolognese and Romagnese; and they departed from Genoa on
the 4th day of February, to bring the said people into the country
around Sesto. And when the exiles and those without heard this,
straightway they sent thither of their people on horse and on foot in
great numbers to dispute the shore with King Robert's host, to the end
the king's people might not come to land. Which people arrived on the
5th day of February, and with great travail, pushing empty casks
before them, fought hand to hand with the enemy, the chief of them
being Florentines and other Tuscans, which first descended from the
galleys under the protection of the bowmen of the galleys which were
by the shore; and by force of arms they landed, and broke up and
discomfited the forces of the exiles upon the shore of Sesto, and many
thereof were slain and taken prisoners; and they which escaped fled
into the suburbs and to Saona, and the night following all the host
which were in the suburbs and in the mountains of Paraldo and of San
Bernardo departed and went towards Lombardy, and left all their
baggage without having been pursued, forasmuch as the king would not
that his people should follow after them because of the dangers of
those mountains. Afterwards they of the city of Genoa recovered the
suburbs of Prea and Co' di Fare and all the forts outside the city.
[Sidenote: 1319 A.D.]
Sec. 98.--_How King Robert departed from Genoa and went to the papal
court in Provence._
Sec. 99.--_How the exiles from Genoa with the Lombards returned to the
siege of Genoa._
[Sidenote: 1319 A.D.]
In the said year 1319, when the exiles from Genoa heard of the
departure of King Robert, they equipped in Saona twenty-eight galleys,
whereof M. Conrad d'Oria was admiral, and they sent into Lombardy for
aid, and assembled 1,000 and more horse, whereof the greater part
were Germans, and a great number of common folk; and on the 27th day
of July of the said year they returned with their army to Genoa, and
set up their camp in Ponzevera, and on the 3rd day of August following
they drew nigh to the city, attacking the suburbs in many places by
land from the side of Bisagno; and the said galleys entered the port
and strongly attacked the city, but gained nothing. And on the 7th day
of August following there was a great battle in the plain of Bisagno
between the exiles and those within the city, with great loss both to
the one side and to the other, without either party having the honour
of the victory, for those without retreated to the hill, and those
within returned into the city; and afterwards they fought continually
by day and by night against the city by sea and by land.
Sec. 100.--_How M. Cane della Scala took the suburbs of Padua._
In the said year 1319, in August, M. Cane della Scala, with the exiles
from Padua, whom the Paduans would not restore to the city according
to the compact made by M. Cane, came with an army against Padua, with
2,000 horse and 10,000 foot, and took the suburbs, and set up there
three camps in order the better to besiege it.
[Sidenote: 1320 A.D.]
Sec. 101.--_How the Guelfs of Lombardy retook Cremona._ Sec. 102.--_How
M. Ugo dal Balzo was routed at Alessandria._ Sec. 103.--_How the refugees
from Genoa retook the suburbs of Genoa._ Sec. 104.--_How the Ghibellines
took Spoleto._ Sec. 105.--_How the king of Tunis recovered his lordship._
Sec. 106.--_How Castruccio, lord of Lucca, broke peace with the
Florentines, and began war against them again._ Sec. 107.--_How folk of
the refugees from Genoa were routed at Lerici._ Sec. 108.--_How the
Genoese took Bingane._ Sec. 109.--_How the Pope and the Church invited M.
Philip of Valois to come into Lombardy._ Sec. 110.--_How M. Philip of
Valois returned into France with shame, having gained nothing._ Sec.
111.--_How Castruccio marched upon the Genoese Riviera._ Sec. 112.--_How
Frederick of Sicily sent his fleet of galleys to besiege Genoa._ Sec.
113.--_How King Robert equipped his fleet of galleys to oppose that of
the Sicilians, and what it accomplished._ Sec. 114.--_Of the same._ Sec.
115.--_How the Florentines forced Castruccio to return from the siege
of Genoa._ Sec. 116.--_Of the assaults which the exiles from Genoa and
the Sicilians made upon the city, wherein they were worsted._ Sec.
117.--_How the exiles from Genoa laid waste Chiaveri._ Sec. 118.--_How
the exiles from Genoa took Noli, and did divers acts of war._ Sec.
119.--_How the king of Spain's brother was routed by the Saracens of
Granada._ Sec. 120.--_How the brothers of the Hospital defeated the Turks
with their fleet at Rhodes._
Sec. 121.--_How M. Cane della Scala being at the siege of Padua, was
defeated by the Paduans and by the count of Goertz._
[Sidenote: 1320 A.D.]
In the said year 1320, M. Cane della Scala, lord of Verona, had
besieged the city of Padua with all his forces continually for more
than a year, and having taken from that city well-nigh all its
territory and strongholds, and having defeated them many times, had so
crushed the city that it could hold out no longer, forasmuch as he had
surrounded it entirely with ramparts occupied by his men, so that no
provisions could enter therein. The said Paduans, well-nigh despairing
of any escape, turned to the duke of Austria, king elect of the
Romans, which sent to their succour the count of Goertz and the lord of
Vals, with 500 steel-capped horsemen, and they suddenly, and as it
were in secret, entered into Padua with these their followers. The
said M. Cane, by reason of his great confidence and pride in his
victories, and the great number of horse and of foot which were in his
army, cared little for the Paduans, and by reason of the long siege,
being too secure, had his troops in ill order. It came to pass that on
the 25th day of August, 1320, the said count of Goertz, with his
Friolese and Germans, and with the Paduans, sallied forth suddenly
from the city, and vigorously assailed the host. M. Cane, with some of
his ill-ordered horse, thinking to beat them back, gave battle, and by
the count of Goertz and the Paduans was discomfited and unhorsed and
wounded, and scarce came off with his life by the help of his
followers, and escaped on a horse to Monselice; and his host was all
routed, and many of his followers were slain or taken prisoners, and
all their belongings lost; and thus by want of foresight the good
fortune of this victorious tyrant changed to bad. At this siege of
Padua died Uguccione della Faggiuola at Cittadella [_al._ In the city
of Verona] of sickness, being come to aid M. Cane. He was the other
great tyrant, which so persecuted the Florentines and Lucchese, as
before we made mention.
[Sidenote: 1320 A.D.]
Sec. 122.--_How the count Gaddo, lord of Pisa, died; and how the count
Nieri was made lord thereof._ Sec. 123.--_How peace was made by the king
of France with the Flemings._ Sec. 124.--_How there was great dissension
amongst them of the house of Flanders._ Sec. 125.--_How the Ghibellines
were expelled from Rieti._ Sec. 126.--_How there was a great enrolling
of armies by two emperors elect of Germany._ Sec. 127.--_How the Marquis
Spinetta allied himself with the Florentines against Castruccio, but
it turned out to the shame of the Florentines._ Sec. 128.--_How the
offices were changed in Florence._ Sec. 129.--_How the Marquis Cavalcabo,
with the league of Tuscany, was routed in Lombardy._ Sec. 130.--_How M.
Galeasso of Milan had the city of Cremona._ Sec. 131.--_How there was an
eclipse of the sun, and the king of France died._ Sec. 132.--_How the
Bolognese expelled from Bologna Romeo de' Peppoli, the rich man, and
his followers._ Sec. 133.--_How the emperor of Constantinople had war
with his sons._ Sec. 134.--_How Frederick of Sicily was excommunicated,
and how he had his son crowned over the kingdom._ Sec. 135.--_How the
Florentines sent to Frioli for horsemen._
Sec. 136.--_Concerning the poet Dante Alighieri of Florence._
[Sidenote: 1321 A.D.]
[Sidenote: Inf. i. 87.]
[Sidenote: Epistola vii.]
[Sidenote: viii.]
[Sidenote: Cf. Canzone, 58-63.]
In the said year 1321, in the month of July, Dante Alighieri, of
Florence, died in the city of Ravenna, in Romagna, having returned
from an embassy to Venice in the service of the lords of Polenta, with
whom he was living; and in Ravenna, before the door of the chief
church, he was buried with great honour, in the garb of a poet and of
a great philosopher. He died in exile from the commonwealth of
Florence, at the age of about fifty-six years. This Dante was a
citizen of an honourable and ancient family in Florence, of the Porta
San Piero, and our neighbour; and his exile from Florence was by
reason that when M. Charles of Valois, of the House of France, came to
Florence in the year 1301 and banished the White party, as has been
afore mentioned at its due time, the said Dante was among the chief
governors of our city, and pertained to that party, albeit he was a
Guelf; and, therefore, for no other fault he was driven out and
banished from Florence with the White party; and went to the
university at Bologna, and afterwards at Paris, and in many parts of
the world. This man was a great scholar in almost every branch of
learning, albeit he was a layman; he was a great poet and philosopher,
and a perfect rhetorician alike in prose and verse, a very noble
orator in public speaking, supreme in rhyme, with the most polished
and beautiful style which in our language ever was up to his time and
beyond it. In his youth he wrote the book of The New Life, of Love;
and afterwards, when he was in exile, he wrote about twenty very
excellent odes, treating of moral questions and of love; and he wrote
three noble letters among others; one he sent to the government of
Florence complaining of his undeserved exile; the second he sent to
the Emperor Henry when he was besieging Brescia, reproving him for his
delay, almost in a prophetic strain; the third to the Italian
cardinals, at the time of the vacancy after the death of Pope Clement,
praying them to unite in the election of an Italian Pope; all these in
Latin in a lofty style, and with excellent purport and authorities,
and much commended by men of wisdom and insight. And he wrote the
Comedy, wherein, in polished verse, and with great and subtle
questions, moral, natural, astrological, philosophical, and
theological, with new and beautiful illustrations, comparisons, and
poetry, he dealt and treated in 100 chapters or songs, of the
existence and condition of Hell, Purgatory and Paradise as loftily as
it were possible to treat of them, as in his said treatise may be seen
and understood by whoso has subtle intellect. It is true that he in
this Comedy delighted to denounce and to cry out after the manner of
poets, perhaps in certain places more than was fitting; but may be his
exile was the cause of this. He wrote also The Monarchy, in which he
treated of the office of Pope and of Emperor. [And he began a
commentary upon fourteen of his afore-named moral odes in the vulgar
tongue which, in consequence of his death, is only completed as to
three of them; the which commentary, judging by what can be seen of
it, was turning out a lofty, beautiful, subtle, and very great work,
adorned by lofty style and fine philosophical and astrological
reasonings. Also he wrote a little book entitled, De Vulgari
Eloquentia, of which he promises to write four books, but of these
only two exist, perhaps on account of his untimely death; and here, in
strong and ornate Latin and with beautiful reasonings, he reproves all
the vernaculars of Italy.] This Dante, because of his knowledge, was
somewhat haughty and reserved and disdainful, and after the fashion of
a philosopher, careless of graces and not easy in his converse with
laymen; but because of the lofty virtues and knowledge and worth of so
great a citizen, it seems fitting to confer lasting memory upon him in
this our chronicle, although, indeed, his noble works, left to us in
writing, are the true testimony to him, and are an honourable report
to our city.
END OF THE SELECTIONS FROM BOOK IX.
_Grato e lontan digiuno
Tratto leggendo nel magno volume_
* * *
_Soluto hai._
INDEX
Abati (family), 125.
---- Bocca degli, 180.
Acre, 295-298.
Acquasparta, Cardinal, 328, 331.
Adimari (family), 81, 125.
---- Tegghiaio Aldobrandi degli, 176, 185.
Adrian I., Pope, 52.
---- V., Pope, 259.
Aeneas, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
Alberighi (family), 80.
Albert, king of the Romans, 255, 317.
Alexander III., Pope, 102-106.
---- IV., Pope, 158.
Alibrando, bishop of Florence, 37.
Alighieri, Dante, 449-450.
Amidei (family), 121-122, 124.
Anagna (town), 347-350.
Anchises, 10-13.
Antenor of Troy, 9, 10.
Antenora, 10.
Antony, Caius, 18-20.
Apulia, 48-53, 85, 86, 90, 127, 128, 130-132, 151, 152, 154-158, 187,
192, 195, and _passim_.
Arbia (river), 177.
Ardinghi (family), 80, 125.
Arezzo, 286-292.
Arius, 39.
Arno, _passim_.
Arrigucci (family), 80, 124.
Arthur, king of Britain, 48.
Ascanius, 10, 12, 16.
Atlas, 4, 5, 6, 7.
Augustus, Octavianus, 17, 31-33.
Babel, 2, 3.
Babylon, 3, 4.
Bardi, 123.
Barucci (family), 124.
Bella, della (family), 71, 82, 125.
---- Giano, 301, 309-312.
Benedict XI., Pope, 352, 356, 369-370.
Benivento (battle), 209-217.
Berenger, Count Raymond, 195-197.
Berti, Bellincione, 62, 80, 120.
Bianco, Cardinal, 184.
Blacks, party of, 322-331, 357-359, 361-362, and _passim_.
Bonatti, Guido (astrologer), 273.
Bondelmonti (family), 99, 124.
---- Bondelmonte dei, 121, 122.
Boniface VIII., Pope, 305-308, 315-318, 320, 326, 344-352, _sqq._
Bostichi (family), 82, 124.
Brunelleschi (family), 124.
Caesar, Julius, 17, 23-29, 32.
Calvoli, Folcieri da, 339-340.
Camilla, 16.
Campaldino (battle), 286-291.
Cancellieri of Pistoia, 322-323.
Caponsacchi, 81, 125.
Carraia (bridge), 76, 126, 246, 360-361.
Carthage, 12.
Catellini (family), 81.
Catiline, 18-22.
Cavalcanti, 124.
---- Guido Cavalcante dei, 224, 331.
Celestine V., Pope, 304-306.
Cepperano, pass of, 206-207.
Cerchi (family), 62, 80, 324.
---- Vieri dei, 288, 324-326.
Charles I. of Anjou, king of Sicily and Apulia, 192-195, 199, 200-217,
225, 228-242, 249-251, 268, 274-276.
---- II., 200, 276, 284-285, 315-316.
---- Martel (son of Charles II.), 276, 316.
---- of Valois, 332-339, 386-387.
---- Martel, 48-49.
---- the Great, 51-56, 59-60, 65-66.
Chiaramontesi (family), 124.
Clement V., Pope, 369-375, 386-390, 427.
Colle di Valdelsa (battle), 243-245.
Colonnesi, 103-104, 261, 317-318.
Conrad, son of Frederick II., 129, 131, 133, 139, 154-156.
---- I., Emperor, 78, 79.
Conradino, 156-158, 187, 192, 228-242.
Constance, Empress, 89-90, 92, 113.
Constantine, Emperor, 38-39.
Constantinople, 38-39.
Creusa, wife of Aeneas, 10, 11.
Dardanus (founder of Troy), 6, 7, 8, 9, 18.
Desiderius, king of the Lombards, 51, 52.
Dido, 12, 13.
Dolcino, Frate, 375-376.
Dominic, St., 96, 114, 115.
Donati (family), 81, 121, 125, 324.
---- Corso, 279, 288-289, 309, 324, 329-331, 335-337, 353-354,
382-386, 400.
Edward I. of England, 247, 251-254.
Elisei (family), 81-125.
Enzo, bastard son of Frederick II., 129, 131.
Europe, 4-5.
Ezzelino of Romano, 167-168.
Faggiuola, Uguccione da, 383, 430-434, 436-437.
Fiesole, 2, 4-8, 18-28, 47, 60-61, 71-73, 98.
Fifanti (family), 82, 124.
Filippi (family), 82.
Fiorinus, 22-25, 27, 29.
Firenzuola (city), 151.
Florence (city), 27-30, 75-78, and _passim_.
Foraboschi (family), 82, 124.
Forli (battle), 272-274.
Francis, St., 96, 114-115.
Frederick I., Barbarossa, Emperor, 101-108, 110-111.
---- II., Emperor, 83, 90-92, 113, 118-119, 126-141, 146-148, 151-152.
---- bastard son of Frederick II., 129, 131, 143-144.
---- of Aragon, king of Sicily, 315-317, 424.
Galli (family), 82, 124.
Gangalandi (family), 71, 82, 124.
Gemignano, St., 44.
Gherardeschi, Ugolino dei, 280-284.
Ghibellines, 122, 123, 141-146, 153, 154, 282, and _passim_.
---- of Florence, 123-125, 164, 165, 169, 170, 173, 220-224, 263, and
_passim_.
---- of Siena, 173, 174.
Giandonati (family), 71, 82, 124.
Gianfigliazzi (family), 124.
Giordano, Count, 173, 174, 177, 182-183, 185, 206-207, 215.
Giuochi (family), 80, 125.
Gregory IX., Pope, 131, 132.
---- X., Pope, 252, 255 _sqq._
Gualandi of Pisa (family), 280.
Gualdrada, wife of Count Guido, 62, 120.
Gualterotti (family), 82, 124.
Guelf, duke of Suabia, 93, 94.
Guelfs, 122, 123, 141-146, 152-154, 402-403, and _passim_.
---- of Florence, 123-125, 187, 188, 189, 201, 263, and _passim._
Guidi, Counts, 62, 80, 82, 116-117, 119-121, 124.
Guido Guerra, 120, 176, 205, 212.
---- Guido Novello, 120, 182-183, 185, 202-203, 220-224, 243, 244.
Henry, earl of Cornwall, 251 _sqq._
---- of Spain, 233-240, 242.
---- son of Frederick II., 129, 131, 133.
---- III. of England, 252.
---- VII. of Suabia, Emperor, 83, 90-91, 112-113.
Hospitallers, Order of, 381.
Hugh Capet, 71.
---- Marquis, 70-71, 82.
Importuni (family), 82.
Infangati (family), 82, 124.
Innocent IV., Pope, 134-136, 139.
Italus, 6, 7.
James of Aragon, 315-317.
Japhet, 3, 4, 8.
John XXI., Pope, 259.
---- XXII., Pope, 434-435.
Lamberti (family), 81, 124.
---- Mosca dei, 122.
Landolo, Roderigo di, 218, 222.
Lanfranchi of Pisa (family), 280.
Latini, Brunetto, 169, 312-313.
Latinus, king of Italy, 14-16.
Lavinia, daughter of Latinus, 15-16.
Leo III., Pope, 54, 55, 59-60.
Lombardo, Marco, 281-282.
Lombards, 48-54.
Louis IX. of France, 192-193, 246 _sqq._
Lyons, Council at, 135-137.
Malavolti, Catalano dei, 218, 222.
Malespini (family), 124.
Manfred, son of Frederick II., 129, 131, 151-152, 154-160, 169-170,
173, 187, 190, 191-195, 202-217.
Mars (god), 7, 33, 40, 41, 46, 61, 122, 123, 327.
---- (planet), 75.
Matilda, Countess, 83, 92-95, 96.
Miniato, St., 35-37.
Montaperti (battle), 177-180.
Montefeltro, Guido di, 263, 272-273, 283, 318.
---- Bonconte di, 290.
Montemurlo (castle), 116-117.
Montfort, Guy of, 253-254.
---- Simon of, 252-254.
Mozzi (family), 123.
Nerbona, Amerigo di, 285 _sqq._
Nerli (family), 71, 123.
Nicholas III., Pope, 260-263.
---- IV., Pope, 285.
Nimrod, 3.
Nineveh, 4.
Ninus, 4.
Otho III., Emperor, 69, 70.
---- IV., Emperor, 120-121, 127.
Pallas, son of Evander, 15.
Pazzi (family), 41, 125.
Peruzzi (family), 82.
Philip III. of France, 249-254, 277-279.
---- IV., the Fair, 278, 344-350, 377-381, 386-389.
Pigli (family), 81, 124.
Pisa, 280-284.
Ponte Vecchio, 61, 63, 109, 122.
Prato, Cardinal da, 356-359, 364, 370-374, 388-390.
Pressa, della (family), 80.
Pulci (family), 71, 82, 124.
Robert, duke of Apulia, 85.
---- Guiscard, 83, 85-89.
---- king of Sicily and Apulia, 276, 390-391, 395-396, 409, 423, 426,
441-444.
Roger I., king of Sicily, 88, 89.
---- II., king of Sicily, 89.
Rome, 7, 16, 17, 29, 43, 54, 55, etc.
Romeo (pilgrim), 195-197.
Rubaconte (bridge), 140.
Rudolf, king of the Romans, 255, 262, 298.
Sacchetti (family), 82, 124.
Saladin, 107.
Salvani, Provenzano, of Siena, 175, 243-245.
Saracens, 247-251, 295-298.
Saturn, 14, 15.
Scala, Cane della, 401, 405, 428, 438, 445, 446-447.
Semiramis, 4.
Sicanus, 6, 7.
Sicily, 7, 12, 13, 86, 89, 90, 92, 127, 128, 130-132, 151, 152,
154-158, 187, 192-195.
Sicily, Rebellion of, 267-268, 285, and _passim_.
Siena, 171, 172, 177-179, 243-245, and _passim_.
Sismondi of Pisa (family), 280.
Sizii (family), 80, 124.
Soldanieri (family), 81, 124.
Susinana, Maghinardo da, 298-299.
Sylvester, Pope, 38-40.
Tagliacozzo (battle), 233-240.
Tancred I., king of Sicily, 89-91.
---- II., 112-113.
Telofre, king of the Lombards, 49-51.
Templars, Order of, 377-381.
Torre, Guidetto della, 342-343, 398-399.
Totila, king of the Goths, 1, 43-46.
Trinita, Santa (bridge), 160, 246.
Trojans, 2, 11, 14, 18.
Tunis, 247-251.
Turnus, 15.
Ubaldini, Cardinal Ottaviano degli, 184.
---- Ruggeri degli (Archbishop of Pisa), 280-282.
Uberti (family), 82, 109, 124, 141, 142, 149, 319.
---- Farinata degli, 170, 174, 178, 186, 224.
Ughi (family), 81.
Urban IV., Pope, 190-192.
Valleri, Alardo di, 234, 237-239.
Verde (river), 217.
Vigne, Piero dalle, 133, 136, 139.
Virgil, 6-7, 9, 12-13.
Visconti, Maffeo, 342-344, 397, 398-399.
---- Marco, 443.
---- Nino di Gallura dei, 280.
Visdomini (family), 80, 125.
Whites, party of, 322-331, 339-342, 357-359, 361-362, etc.
William I., king of Sicily, 89-90, 105-107.
INDEX TO DANTE REFERENCES
_The figures within brackets ( ) refer to the pages of this work: all
other figures refer to cantos, books, or lines in Dante's works._
DIVINA COMMEDIA.
INFERNO.
i. 73-75, (10), 87, (449), 100-111, (401), 107, (15), 108, (16).
ii. 13-15, (13), 13, (16), 13-27, (13).
iii. 58-60, (304), 59, 60, (305).
iv. 95, 96, (32), 122, (10), 124, (15), 125, 126, (15).
v. 52-60, (4), 61, 62, (12).
vi. 36, (360), 69, (306), 79, (176), 80, (81).
x. 13-15, (96), 32, (170), 48, (181), 48, (144), 49, 50, (153), 51,
(184, 225), 58-69, (224, 331), 79-81, (359), 83, 84, (186), 85-87,
(180), 91-93, (186), 110-111, (224, 331), 119, (127, 128), 120, (184,
227).
xii. 109, 110, (168), 112, (377), 118-120, (252), 120, (254).
xiii. 31-108, (133), 55-78, (136), 59, 68, 75, (127), 120, 121, (280),
143-150, (40), 146-150, (61).
xiv. 94-96, (14).
xv. 23-120, (169, 312), 61-63, (5), 61-78, (75), 67, (45), 73-78, (30,
62), 119-120, (312).
xvi. 34-39, (121, 212), 37, (62, 80, 120), 40-42, (176).
xvii. 59, 60, (124), 62, 63, (124), 100-107, (184).
xviii. 28-33, (320), 55-57, (377).
xix. 17-20, (40), 52-57, (306, 350), 52-84, (261), 69-87, (260), 70,
(104), 76-81, (306), 81, (262), 82-87, (374, 375, 427), 98, 99, (261),
99, (199), 115-117, (38).
xx. (184), 118, (273).
xxii. 4, 5, (292).
xxiii. 66, (127), 103-108, (218), 105-107, (118), 107, 108, (29).
xxiv. 143, (333).
xxv. 1-3, (130).
xxvii. 44, (273), 49-51, (287, 299, 317), 67, (263), 67-111, (318),
67-129, (290), 70, 85-111, (306), 76-78, (272), 89, (294), 94, 95,
(38), 100-107, (184), 104, 105, (304).
xxviii. 13, 14, (83), 16, (206, 214), 17, 18, (234, 237), 55-60,
(375), 103-111, (81, 122).
xxx. 13-15, (9), 73-78, (121), 98, (9), 113, 114, (9), 148, (185).
xxxi. 12-18, (3), 40, 41, (163), 46-81, (3).
xxxii. 40-60, (166), 56, 57, (125), 62, (48), 78-111, (180), 88, (9,
10), 115, 116, (204), 118, 119, (165), 121, (221), 121-123, (81), 122,
(273).
xxxiii. 1-90, (283), 31-33, (280).
PURGATORIO.
ii. 98, 99, (320).
iii. 49, (439), 107, (159), 112-113, (89), 116, (315, 316), 118-119,
(215), 121, (133, 151, 156, 158), 124-132, (216).
iv. 25, (439).
v. 73-78, (377), 75, (9, 10), 88-129, (290).
vi. 97, (317), 97-117, 103-105, (255), 103-105, (298), 107, (411),
111, (185, 418).
vii. 91-96, (255), 105, 109, (278), 112, 114-116, 125, 129, (269),
113, 124, 128-129, (199, 275), 113, 124, 126, (200), 128, (193),
115-120, (315, 316), 130-132, (252), 132, (377), 133-136, (88, 204),
136, (294).
viii. 53, (280), 73-75, (343).
ix. 30, (32).
x. 80, (32).
xi. 97-99, (224), 109-114, 120-123, (245), 109-142, (175), 137, (199).
xii. 34-36, (3), 61-63, (9), 100-105, (37), 102, (140), 104-105, (80),
105, (140).
xiii. 115-119, (244), 152, (34, 443).
xiv. 43-45, (121), 118-119, (287), 58-66, (339).
xvi. 46, (281), 65-78, (62), 115-117, (128), 117, (127).
xvii. 34-39, (15, 16).
xviii. 119-120, (101, 103).
xix. 98-145, (259), 100-102, (134).
xx. 49-60, (71), 53, (50), 61-63, (199), 68, (241), 67-69, (192, 199),
70-78, (334), 79-81, (377), 79-84, (276), 86-90, (307).
xxiv. 20-24, (279), 82, (288, 324), 81-87, (385).
xxxii. 148-160, (344).
xxxiii. 119, (83), 40-45, (401).
PARADISO.
iii. 106-107, (288), 109-120, (89, 113), 112-120, (90), 118-120, (83,
127), 119, (101).
vi. 1-3, (38), 3, (16), 32, (32), 35-36, (15), 40-42, (16), 53-54,
(27), 65, (30), 73-81, (31), 79-81, (17), 94, (55), 94-96, (52), 100,
(32), 127-142, (195).
viii. 9, (12), 31, 49-72, (276), 49-75, 55, (316), 64-66, (294), 75,
(267), 76-84, (276, 391), 82, 83, (276).
ix. 1, (276), 25-30 (168), 97-98, (12), 136-142, (307).
xi. 35-123, (96), 43-117, 118-123, (114), 53, (132).
xii. 31-111, (96), 46-105, (114), 90, (307), 124, (328), 134-135,
(259).
xv. (325), 25-30, (13), 97-98, (82), 97-99, 101-105, 112-113, (167),
109-111, (411), 110-111, (53), 112-114, (80), 112, (62, 120), 115,
(82, 123, 143), 115-116, (81), 124-126, (27, 30), 126, (5), 134-135,
(40), 137-138, (80).
xvi. (164, 325), 25, (40), 40-42, (81), 42, (40, 292, 410), 46-48,
(74), 47, (40), 50, (160), 56, (189), 62-63, (115, 116), 64, (117,
119), 65, (80, 125, 288), 66, (99, 124, 143), 73, (34), 88, (81), 89,
(80, 82), 92, (83), 93, (80, 81, 82, 124, 125, 143), 94-96, (125,
288), 94-99, (80, 120), 97-99, (64), 100, (80), 101, (80, 125, 142),
103, (81, 124), 104, (80, 82, 124, 125, 142), 105, (80, 82, 124),
106-107, (81), 108, (80, 124, 142), 109-110, (82), 109-111, (124),
112-114, (80, 125, 142), 115-120, (81), 115-117, (125, 142), 121-122,
(81, 363), 118-123, (154), 121, (125, 142), 123, (63, 82, 124),
124-126, (64, 82), 127-132, (71, 82), 127, (82, 124, 142), 128, (122,
124), 130-131, (125), 131-132, (81, 301), 133, (82, 124), 135, (124),
136-144, (82, 121), 136-138, (122), 136-139, (124), 140-144, (143),
145-146, (40, 61), 145-147, (122), 151-154, (143, 154).
xvii. 49-51, (307), 76-93, (401), 82, (375, 393, 405, 427).
xviii. 43, (53), 48, (83), 76-93, (438), 133-136, (161), 118-136,
(307).
xix. 101-102, (31), 121-123, (353), 130-135, (316), 131-132, (12),
143-148, (278).
xx. 8, 31-32, (32), 55-57, (38), 62, (89), 61-63, (316).
xxi. 25-27, (14).
xxii. 16-18, (191), 145-146, (14).
xxvi. 124-126, (3).
xxvii. 22-27, (307), 41, (305), 58-60, (427), 58, 59, (375).
xxx. 133-138, (393, 426), 133-141, (394), 142-148, (375, 427), 148,
(307).
xxxi. 104-108, (320).
CANZONI.
x. 58-63, (450).
xii. 35-36, (12).
SONNET.
xxxii. 1, (329).
VITA NUOVA.
ii. (35).
iii. 97-100, (329), 96-104, (225).
xxiv. 18-19, (225), 19, (329).
xxv. 111-113, (225, 329).
xxxi. 21-24, (225, 329).
xxxiii. 2-4, (225), 4, (329).
xli. 34-52, (195).
Sonnet xxxiii. 1, (225).
CONVIVIO.
BOOK II.
iv. 171-174, (75).
xv. (35).
BOOK IV.
Canzone iii. 21, iii. 37-44, (127), 37-43, (255).
v. 16-79, (31), 16-29, (17), 48, (10), 80-97, (16), 172-176, (19).
vi. 180-190, (316).
x. 6-12, (127).
xi. 125-127, (204), 126, (294).
xiv. 131-154, (9).
xx. 38-41, (82, 124, 439).
xxvi. 59-70, (12), 96, (13).
DE MONARCHIA.
BOOK II.
iii. (10), 62, (11), 67, 68, (6), 77-84, (11), 102-108, (12), 108-117,
(16).
iv. 30-41, (31).
ix. 22 _sqq._, (4), 99-105, (17, 31).
xi. 1-6, (52), 6, (53), 23, (32).
xii. (17, 31).
BOOK III.
x. (38).
xi. (55).
DE VULGARI ELOQUIO.
BOOK I.
i. 1, 12, 21 _sqq._, (159).
vi. 7, 49-61, (3).
vii. (3).
x. 18, 19, (48), 50, 63, (132).
xi. 20, (132).
xii. 20-35, (127), 15-38, (316), 38, (377).
xiii. 31, (132), 36, (225), 37, (329).
BOOK II.
vi. 42-44, (377), 68, 69, (225, 329).
xii. 16-17, 62-63, (225, 329).
EPISTOLAE.
i. (357), i.-iii. (120).
ii. (121).
v. (393, 394), 3; 47-49, (30), 4, (52).
vi. (393, 397), 3; 78-85, (31), 5; 126-135, (127), 127-135, (146),
135-136, (101, 103), 137, (101).
vii. (393, 403, 449), 3; 62, 63, (11), 64-73, (17, 31).
viii. (370, 434, 449).
x. (401).
QUAESTIA DE AQUA ET TERRA.
xxiv. (401).
JOHANNES DE VIRGILIO.
Carmen.
v. 26 (396-425).
v. 27 (431, 432).
v. 28 (428).
Butler & Tanner, The Selwood Printing Works, Frome, and London.
* * * * *
Transcriber's Note on Corrected Text
On page 22 of the original edition used to prepare this e-book, the
last four lines were erroneously duplicated from pages 1-2. The
incorrect text, between "city of" and "he did," was as follows:
myself sufficient for such a work, but to give occasion to
our successors not to be negligent in preserving records of
the notable things which shall happen in the times after us,
and to give example to those who shall come
The correct text is as follows:
Fiesole and the host of the Fiesolans, and of that company he
made captain Fiorinus, a noble citizen of Rome of the race of
the Fracchi or Floracchi, who was his praetor, which is as
much as to say marshal of his host; and Fiorinus, as he was
commanded by the consul, so
The correct text was acquired from an online edition at
http://www.elfinspell.com/VillaniBook1b.html#sect34.