_#_Disputes: focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and
France
_#_Climate: cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn
are windy
_#_Terrain: mostly barren rock
_#_Natural resources: fish, deepwater ports
_#_Land use: arable land 13%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and
pastures 0%; forest and woodland 4%; other 83%
_#_Environment: vegetation scanty
_#_Note: located 25 km south of Newfoundland, Canada, in the
North Atlantic Ocean
_*_People
_#_Population: 6,356 (July 1991), growth rate 0.4% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 17 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: - 6 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 9 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 79 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 2.2 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun--Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women);
adjective--French
_#_Ethnic divisions: originally Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
_#_Religion: Roman Catholic 98%
_#_Language: French
_#_Literacy: 99% (male 99%, female 99%) age 15 and over can
read and write (1982)
_#_Labor force: 2,850 (1988)
_#_Organized labor: Workers' Force trade union
_*_Government
_#_Long-form name: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and
Miquelon
_#_Type: territorial collectivity of France
_#_Capital: Saint-Pierre
_#_Administrative divisions: none (territorial collectivity of France)
_#_Independence: none (territorial collectivity of France);
note--has been under French control since 1763
_#_Constitution: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
_#_Legal system: French law
_#_National holiday: National Day, 14 July (Taking of the Bastille)
_#_Executive branch: commissioner of the Republic
_#_Legislative branch: unicameral General Council
_#_Judicial branch: Superior Tribunal of Appeals (Tribunal Superieur
d'Appel)
_#_Leaders:
Chief of State--President Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May
1981);
Head of Government--Commissioner of the Republic Jean-Pierre
MARQUIE (since February 1989); President of the General Council Marc
PLANTEGENEST (since NA)
_#_Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party (PS);
Union for French Democracy (UDF/CDS), Gerard GRIGNON
_#_Suffrage: universal at age 18
_#_Elections:
General Council--last held September-October 1988 (next to be
held September 1994);
results--percent of vote by party NA;
seats--(19 total) Socialist and other left-wing parties 13, UDF and
right-wing parties 6;
French President--last held 8 May 1988 (next to be held May 1995);
results--(second ballot) Jacques CHIRAC 56%, Francois MITTERRAND 44%;
French Senate--last held 24 September 1989 (next
to be held September 1992);
results--percent of vote by party NA;
seats--(1 total) PS 1;
French National Assembly--last held 5 and 12 June 1988
(next to be held June 1993);
results--percent of vote by party NA;
seats--(1 total) UDF/CDS 1
_#_Member of: FZ, WFTU
_#_Diplomatic representation: as a territorial collectivity of France,
local interests are represented in the US by France
_#_Flag: the flag of France is used
_*_Economy
_#_Overview: The inhabitants have traditionally earned their
livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the
coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because
the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre has dropped steadily over
the years. In March 1989, an agreement between France and Canada set fish
quotas for Saint Pierre's trawlers fishing in Canadian and
Canadian-claimed waters for three years. The agreement settles a
longstanding dispute that had virtually brought fish exports to a halt.
The islands are heavily subsidized by France. Imports come primarily from
Canada and France.
_#_GDP: $50 million, per capita $7,900; real growth rate NA%
(1990 est.)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%
_#_Unemployment rate: 8.3% (1988)
_#_Budget: revenues $18.3 million; expenditures $18.3 million,
including capital expenditures of $5.5 million (1989)
_#_Exports: $24.1 million (f.o.b., 1988);
commodities--fish and fish products, fox and mink pelts;
partners--US 58%, France 17%, UK 11%, Canada, Portugal
_#_Imports: $61.6 million (c.i.f., 1988);
commodities--meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery,
building materials;
partners--Canada, France, US, Netherlands, UK
_#_External debt: $NA
_#_Industrial production: growth rate NA%
_#_Electricity: 10,000 kW capacity; 25 million kWh produced,
3,970 kWh per capita (1989)
_#_Industries: fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets;
tourism
_#_Agriculture: vegetables, cattle, sheep and pigs for local
consumption; fish catch, 20,500 metric tons (1989)
_#_Economic aid: Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
commitments (1970-88), $493 million
_#_Currency: French franc (plural--francs); 1 French franc (F) =
100 centimes
_#_Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1--5.1307 (January 1991),
5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987), 6.9261
(1986), 8.9852 (1985)
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*_Communications
_#_Highways: 120 km total; 60 km paved (1985)
_#_Ports: Saint Pierre
_#_Civil air: no major transport aircraft
_#_Airports: 2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways,
none with runways over 2,439 m; 1 with runway 1,220-2,439 m
_#_Telecommunications: 3,601 telephones; stations--1 AM, 3 FM, no TV;
radiotelecommunication with most countries in the world; 1
earth station in French domestic system
_*_Defense Forces
_#_Note: defense is the responsibility of France
_%_
_@_Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 340 km2; land area: 340 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Washington,
DC
_#_Land boundaries: none
_#_Coastline: 84 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone: 24 nm;
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;