great majority of our orders are for machines with Electric Stop
Motions.
The quality of sliver produced by these machines cannot be surpassed;
a great saving in waste "single" and roller laps is effected, and
production is increased.
Machines stop:
1st--When sliver breaks at back or a can runs out.
2d--When top or bottom front roll laps up.
3d--When sliver breaks in front.
4th--When cans are full.
5th--When back electric roll or clearer laps up.
On account of the positive and quick action of the Electric Stop
Motions, machines can be run at a much higher speed, in case of
necessity, than Mechanical Stop Motion Frames.
The tops of Electric Stop Motion Frames, being free from the many
small parts and projections which are a necessity on Mechanical Stop
Motion Frames, are much more easily kept clean, and "fly" is not
carried into the sliver, besides which a great many delicate and
troublesome Mechanical Stop Motion parts are done away with.
{84}
[Illustration]
{85}
FRAMING AND CONSTRUCTION--The machines are built with low, rigid
framing. Can tables set into or on top of the floor.
BOTTOM FLUTED ROLLS are made in one length and are irregularly fluted
so as to prevent cutting of top rolls. The usual diameters are 1-3/8
in. front, 1-1/8 in. second, third and fourth lines.
TOP ROLLS are usually 1 in. dia. on iron. The front line can have
Loose Boss or Loose Ends; the latter are now in extensive use and are
generally preferred.
ROLLER STANDS are made with separate adjustable slides or bearings, so
arranged that the top and bottom rolls move together when setting for
different lengths of staple. The Roller Stands and Slides have brasses
cast in them for roller bearings.
CALENDER ROLLS are made of steel, turned, ground and polished.
DRAFT GEARING--All Draft and Roller Gears are cut. Changes of Draft are
very easily made, and the gearing is well protected with polished
covers.
COILERS are made for cans 36 ins. long, 9, 10, 11 or 12 ins. dia. as
required.
TENSION--Our fine pitch gearing for the take-up of the sliver between
the fluted rolls and the Calender rolls enables a nice adjustment to
be made for either ordinary or metallic rolls, and reduces the
stretching, sagging and breakage of the sliver, preventing stoppage
and waste.
TRUMPETS--These are made separate from the calender plates and can
easily be taken out. This method is an advantage over the old style,
as trumpets wear in time and when worn do not sufficiently condense
the sliver. With this system they can easily be replaced.
BACK GUIDES for both Electric and Mechanical Stop Motion Frames are
designed so as to separate the slivers and keep kinks from going into
the rolls, thus preventing lumpy and uneven work.
{86}
[Illustration]
FRONT VIEW OF DRAWING FRAME WITH CANS REMOVED
{87}
CLEARERS--Both top and bottom rolls have Clearers. We apply a patented
and very successful Clearer to the Calender rolls which prevents fly
from sticking to them and being carried in to the sliver.
WEIGHT RELIEVING MOTION--This is applied to all frames for taking the
pressure off the rolls when the frames are stopped.
All rolls are weighted separately. Usual weights are 20 lbs. front
line; 18 lbs. second line; 16 lbs. third line; 14 lbs. fourth line.
TRAVERSE MOTION is applied to all frames with leather covered top
rolls.
METALLIC TOP AND BOTTOM ROLLS--The front bottom roll is usually 1-3/8
in. dia., and the other three lines of bottom rolls as well as the top
rolls, all 1-1/8 in. dia.
Front and second lines are usually 32 pitch; third line 24 pitch and
back line 16 pitch. The top rolls have Loose Ends. Weights usually 14
lbs. on all lines.
ERMEN TOP CLEARERS--The cloth of these Clearers revolves over 2 rolls
(one of which is positively driven) and comes in contact with all the
top rolls. This revolving clearer is placed inside of our top clearer
cover, and is stripped by a Comb through an opening in the top of the
cover. This clearer meets with great favor in fine mills, where combed
long staple cotton is worked.
DRIVING PULLEY AND SPEED--The Driving Pulley on the Bottom Shaft is
usually 16 in. dia., 3 in. or 4 in. face and can be placed at either
end of the frame. The usual speed of this shaft is 250 r. p. m., which
gives a calculated speed of 363 r. p. m. of Front Roll. One rev. of
shaft equals 1-5/11 of Front Roll.
{88}
FLOOR PLANS OF DRAWING FRAMES.
[Illustration]
{89}
[Illustration]
{90}
LENGTHS OF DRAWING FRAMES, 16-IN. GAUGE.
[Illustration]
Above lengths are over all, including Driving Pulley.
For widths, see Floor Plans, pages 88 and 89
Drawing Frames are usually made with 4, 5 or 6 deliveries per head or
table, and 2, 3 or 4 heads per frame, but can be made with more or
less deliveries per head, and more or less heads per frame.
{91}
DRAWING FRAMES.
PRODUCTION PER DAY OF TEN HOURS.
[Illustration]
NOTE--In the above table 20 per cent. has been deducted for stops,
cleaning, etc.
{92}
[Illustration]
DRAFT GEARING FOR DRAWING FRAMES
{93}
DRAWING FRAMES.
ALPHABETICAL REFERENCES TO DIAGRAM.
A Electric Roll Gear, 24 Teeth for Common Rolls,
20 Teeth for Metallic Rolls.
B Off End Back Roll Gear. 24 Teeth for Common Rolls,
29 Teeth for Metallic Rolls.
*C Small Double Intermediate, driving 3d Roll.
D Large Double Intermediate, driving 3d Roll,
40 Teeth for Common Rolls, 36 Teeth for Metallic Rolls.
E Off End 3d Roll Gear, 24 Teeth.
*F Off End 2d Roll Gear.
*G Small Double Intermediate, driving 2d Roll.
*H Large Double Intermediate, driving 2d Roll.
I Off End Front Roll Gear, 20 Teeth.
J Back Roll Gear, 45 to 80 Teeth.
K Draft Change Gear, 45 to 70 Teeth.
*L Crown Gear.
*M Front Roll Gear.
N Front Roll Calender Driving Gear, 16 Teeth for Common Rolls,
19 Teeth for Metallic Rolls.
O
and P Double Intermediate Gear, 52 and 91 Teeth for 10-in. Coiler,
62 and 108 Teeth for 12-in. Coiler.
Q Calender Roll Gear, 58, 59, 60 Teeth for Common Rolls,
52, 53, 54 Teeth for Metallic Rolls.
R Coiler Horizontal Shaft Gear, 21 to 26 Teeth
(driven by O through Carrier Gear).
S Tube Wheel, 75 Teeth for 10-in. Coiler,
98 Teeth for 122 in. Coiler.
T Coiler Vertical Shaft, Top Bevel Gear, 32 Teeth for 10 in.
Coiler, 37 Teeth for 12-in. Coiler.
NOTE--For teeth on gears marked * refer to table on page 96.
{94}
DRAWING FRAMES.
DRAFT CALCULATIONS.
[Illustration]
The above figures are for Total Draft up to and including the 3-in.
dia. Calender Rolls. When Graduated Pitch Metallic Rolls are used, and
it is desired to figure drafts between them, the following equivalents
are approximately correct:
1-3/8-in. dia. Roll, 32 pitch, taken as 11/6-in. or 1.83-in. dia.
1-1/4-in. dia. Roll, 32 pitch, taken as 10/6-in. or 1.67-in. dia.
1-1/8-in. dia. Roll, 32 pitch, taken as 9/6-in. or 1.50-in. dia.
1-in. dia. Roll, 32 pitch, taken as 8/6-in. or 1.33-in. dia.
1-1/8-in. dia. Roll, 16 pitch, taken as 10/6-in. or 1. 67-in. dia.
1-in dia. Roll, 16 pitch, taken as 9/6-in. or 1.50-in. dia.
{95}
PRODUCTION CALCULATIONS
[Illustration]
The greater production with Metallic Rolls over Common Rolls for a
given number of revs. is due to the meshing of the flutes, which
increases the effective circum. of the rolls about 33 per cent. This
accounts for the difference in the gears driving the Calender Rolls.
Short rules for production in 10 hours based on 20 per cent. allowance
for stops, etc., and 1-3/8 in. dia. front bottom roll.
Common Rolls--.852 x R. P. M. of Front Roll x Wt. of Sliver in grains =
Lbs. in 10 hours.
Metallic Rolls--1.126 x R. P. M. of Front Roll x Wt. of Sliver in
grains = Lbs. in 10 hours.
{96}
DRAWING FRAMES.
GEARING COMBINATIONS, DRAFT CONSTANTS AND DRAFTS
FOR MACHINES WITH 1-3/8-IN. FRONT ROLL.
[Illustration]
The above constant and drafts are figured up to and including the
3-in. Calender Rolls. Draft Gear K is the usual change gear.
When making extreme draft changes the best results will be obtained by
following the above arrangements of gearing.
{97}
TABLE FOR NUMBERING CARD OR DRAWING SLIVERS.
[Illustration]
8.333/Wt. in grains of 1 yd. of Sliver = Hank.
8.333/Hank = Wt. in grains of 1 yd. of Sliver.
100/Wt. in grains of 12 yds. of Sliver = Hank.
Refer to Table of Dividends, page 233.
{98}
[Illustration]
SECTION OF DRAWING FRAME
SHOWING ELECTRIC STOP MOTIONS
{99}
EXPLANATION OF ELECTRIC STOP MOTIONS.
Our improved Magneto or Dynamo for producing current to operate the
Stop Motions is designed on the "Induction" principle, so that the
current is generated in the stationary winding, and no brushes or
collectors are needed. This type of machine is very simple, requires
little attention, and gives a steady current, no matter how much dirt,
lint or oil collects on same.
The Drawing Frame is divided into two parts by means of insulations
(indicated by the solid black portions of cut on opposite page). One
part, shown with double cross lines, is connected to the Magneto
through the down-rod A, and the other part through the down-rod B.
It will be seen that in the case of each Stop Motion the parts are
kept from touching each other by cotton passing between them (cotton
being a non-conductor of electricity) or are brought into contact with
each other by rollers lapping up or by the pressure of the cotton in
the full cans.
The machine stops when the electric circuit is completed, allowing the
current to flow through Magnet T, which attracts finger U into
engagement with Revolving Clutch V, and by a mechanical arrangement
shifts the belt on to the loose pulley.
As the frame stops, the part X forces the finger U away from the
Clutch, and the current is broken by the piece Y which moves out of
contact with the spring Z. When the frame is running, Y is in contact
with both the springs Z and J. As the machine stops, the movement of Y
takes it out of contact with Z, but J should always press against Y.
{100}
STOP MOTION No. 1--C is the top electric roll which rests in Cap Bar D,
and E is the bottom electric roll. As long as the sliver remains
between the rolls they are kept apart and there is no circuit. When
the sliver breaks or a can runs out the rolls come together and the
frame knocks off.
STOP MOTION No.2--The Top Clearer Cover H has a screw K on the under
side. If the cotton laps around the top or bottom front roll, the top
roll is lifted and comes in contact with screw K, which completes the
circuit and the machine stops.
STOP MOTION No. 3--The cotton sliver prevents the calender rolls L and
M from touching each other. If the sliver breaks, the rolls touch and
the machine stops instantly.
STOP MOTION No. 4--When the cans at the front are full and cotton
presses against the coiler top N, it is lifted into contact with the
spring O, and the circuit is completed, stopping the machine.
STOP MOTION No.5--The Underclearer P presses against the bottom
electric roll E. In case the cotton laps around E or P, the screw Q is
lifted and touches the Back Plate G, completes the circuit and the
frame knocks off.
{101}
{102}
[Illustration]
SLUBBING FRAME (RIGHT HAND)
{103}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES.
These frames are so well known to the users of Cotton Machinery that
no general description is necessary. They have extra heavy framing,
are made entirely by special tools, and all parts are exact
duplicates. They are of superior construction and finish, and will
stand the highest speeds without vibration or breakage. They contain
many valuable patented improvements, some of which are described
below.
PATENT SWING--Well supported and with one (large) Carrier Gear only.
IMPROVED DIFFERENTIAL MOTION--This motion effects a great saving in
power, wear and tear, and gives more accurate winding and consequently
evener and better work. See page 106.
IMPROVED LAY GEARING dispenses with all bevel change gears, gives two
change places instead of one, is simple and convenient, and allows
free access to the main gearing. See page 109.
IMPROVED METHOD OF LIFTING AND LOWERING BOTTOM CONE DRUM--Both ends of
the cone are raised or lowered together from the front of the machine.
The belt is kept at a uniform tension from one end of the cone to the
other. A patent locking device secures the cone in its proper working
position, after doffing, preventing all movement or vibration.
IMPROVED METHOD OF TIGHTENING THE CONE BELT does away with frequent
taking-up. When slack, the belt may be tightened in a few moments by
means of a Quadrant Bracket. Over 5 in. of stretch can be taken care
of without re-piecing. A great saving is effected in labor, stoppages
and cone belts.
WINDING BACK THE RACK AND CONE BELT is done from the front of the
machine.
IMPROVED SYSTEM OF BALANCING THE TOP OR BOBBIN RAIL--This rail, with
its gearing, collars, bobbins, etc., is now supported under its center
of gravity by a set of levers, thus relieving the slides and racks of
this weight. This system prevents friction and wear of slides, also
the tendency to dwell at the changes of the traverse both top and
bottom.
{104}
[Illustration]
ROVING FRAME (RIGHT HAND)
{105}
If slides wear, the Long Collars tilt forward, the top rail, spindles,
bobbins and flyers vibrate, causing bad work and loss of production.
This is prevented by our improved system.
PATENT REVERSING AND LET-OFF MOTION entirely prevents the roving
running over the ends on the changes. The speed of the bobbin changes
simultaneously with the reversal of the lifting rail and thus
overcomes the liability of stretching the roving.
FULL BOBBIN STOP MOTION is very effective in its action and prevents
overfilling the bobbins. The frame cannot be started after the
completion of a set until doffed and the rack has been wound back.
IMPROVED TOP CLEARERS--These are made of polished steel, very light and
easy to clean. The hinging is so arranged that any clearer can be
easily removed.
LONG COLLARS OR BOLSTERS are fastened in a vertical position by an
improved method which prevents their working loose. They are bored
throughout their entire length, thus reducing the liability of dirt
accumulating inside and causing the spindles to bind.
PATENT RECESSED SELF-LUBRICATING SPINDLE FOOT--This has proved one of
the most successful inventions, and is in extensive use. It ensures
constant lubrication, prevents wear, and is easily kept clean.
BEARINGS INLAID WITH BRASS--All Bobbin and Spindle Shaft Bearings,
Roller Stands and Slides are inlaid with brass.
[Illustration]
DRIVING ENDS OF BOBBIN AND SPINDLE SHAFTS are case hardened and are in
short lengths, so that they can be easily taken out even when frames
are placed end to end with narrow passages between them. This is a
great convenience, as it avoids the necessity of having to remove a
great many shaft gears. The shafts can be lifted out with the gears on
them.
AUTOMATIC PANEL LOCKING ARRANGEMENT prevents the frame from being
started if any of the gearing end panels are not in place.
{106}
[Illustration]
DIFFERENTIAL MOTION
{107}
IMPROVED DIFFERENTIAL MOTION.
All the gears on the Jack Shaft revolve in the same direction as the
shaft itself. This reduces considerably the work the cone belt has to
do, saves power, and gives more accurate winding and evener and better
work.
A1 (40 teeth) drives the Spindle Shafts and S1 (50 teeth) drives the
Bobbin Shafts. The gears on the Spindle and Bobbin Shafts are alike,
i. e., they have the same number of teeth.
As the cut shows the number of teeth in all the gears of the
Differential, it will readily be seen that if Q and Q1 are held
stationary, the speed of S1 will be retarded 1 rev. for every 5 revs.
the Jack Shaft makes, and the spindles and bobbins will be running at
the same speed, no winding taking place. Winding is produced by the
bobbins running faster than the spindles, therefore Q, which is driven
from the bottom cone through carrier gears, must revolve. Its speed
changes as the bobbins increase in diameter, being governed by the
position of the cone belt, which is shifted slightly as each layer is
put on the bobbins.
{108}
CASING-OFF PLATES--The Front Casing-off Plates for Bobbin and Spindle
Shafts are made of polished steel and are circular in shape. They are
light, strong, cannot be broken, and are easily kept clean.
IMPROVED CAP BARS--Cast-iron Cap Bars give trouble on account of the
fingers being twisted, and frequent breakages. The illustrations show
the construction of our improved Cap Bar, which entirely obviates
these difficulties. Figure 1 is a back view of our Cap Bar applied to
a machine with four spindles in a box, and Figure 2 an end view of
same. Figures 3, 4 and 5 show enlarged details.
[Illustration]
IMPROVED CAP BARS
The Cap Bars are fastened to the Roller Stands by brackets which are
independent of the slides, and consequently the rolls can be set
without moving the Cap Bars. When resetting the rolls it is only
necessary to adjust the nebs for the middle and back lines, as the
front nebs do not have to be disturbed.
{109}
IMPROVED LAY GEARING.
[Illustration]
To facilitate making changes in the Lay Gears, we have provided two
change places instead of one. Formerly it was the practice to change
the gear on the end of the Reversing Shaft or the one between the
Reversing Bevels.
In order to bring the change gears into a more convenient position and
at the same time increase the range, we have introduced two additional
spur gears. One of these is now the regular change gear, and is on a
stud carried by an adjustable Quadrant Bracket. The short shaft
carrying the bevel gears is now in a horizontal position instead of
vertical.
{110}
Besides providing for two change places, this improvement dispenses
with the Back Cross Rail and allows free access to the main gearing.
Any part of the gearing can be taken out and replaced with ease.
There is no longer any necessity of changing any bevel gears. There
are two spur gear changes, either of which may be used and which give
a very wide range. The entire arrangement is very simple and
convenient.
[Illustration]
Other sizes of Spindles, Long Collars, Bobbin Gear Tops and Rolls will
be supplied when necessary.
DRIVING PULLEYS are usually 16 in. dia., 3 in. face.
SPEEDS--See pages 111 and 112.
PRODUCTION--See pages 113 to 117.
{111}
SPEED TABLE.
SLUBBING AND INTERMEDIATE FRAMES
[Illustration]
{112}
SPEED TABLE.
ROVING AND JACK FRAMES.
[Illustration]
{113}
SLUBBING FRAMES.
PRODUCTION PER DAY OF TEN HOURS.
[Illustration]
NOTE--The above table is based on ordinary twist, 1.20 x square root of
hank, with an allowance of 15 minutes per set for doffing and stops.
{114}
INTERMEDIATE FRAMES.
PRODUCTION PER DAY OF TEN HOURS.
[Illustration]
NOTE--The above table is based on ordinary twist, 1.20 x square root of
hank, with an allowance of 15 minutes per set for doffing and stops.
{115}
ROVING FRAMES.
PRODUCTION PER DAY OF TEN HOURS
[Illustration]
NOTE--The above table is based on ordinary twist, 1.20 x square root of
hank, with an allowance of 15 minutes per set for doffing and stops.
{116}
ROVING FRAMES.
PRODUCTION PER DAY OF TEN HOURS.
[Illustration]
NOTE--The above table is based on ordinary twist, 1.20 x square root of
hank, with an allowance of 15 minutes per set for doffing and stops.
{117}
JACK FRAMES.
PRODUCTION PER DAY OF TEN HOURS.
[Illustration]
NOTE--The above table is based on ordinary twist, 1.20 x square root of
hank, with an allowance of 15 minutes per set for doffing and stops.
{118}
FLOOR PLANS OF SPEEDERS.
SLUBBING FRAME R.H.
INTER, FRAME R.H.
ROVING FRAME R.H.
[Illustration]
NOTE--The HAND of a speeder is determined by the end on which the
driving pulley is located when facing the spindles.
{119}
LENGTHS OVER ALL OF SLUBBING FRAMES.
[Illustration]
NOTE--If the projection of fender bracket be taken into account, add 2
inches to the above lengths.
{120}
LENGTHS OVER ALL OF INTERMEDIATE FRAMES.
[Illustration]
NOTE--If the projection of fender bracket be taken into account add 2
inches to the above lengths.
{121}
LENGTHS OVER ALL OF ROVING FRAMES.
[Illustration]
NOTE--If the projection of fender bracket be taken into account, add 2
inches to the above lengths.
If double boss rolls, the number of spindles must divide by four.
{122}
LENGTHS OVER ALL OF JACK FRAMES.
[Illustration]
NOTE--If the projection of fender bracket be taken into account, add 2
inches to the above lengths.
If double boss rolls, the number of spindles must divide by four.
{123}
[Illustration]
FRONT ELEVATION OF HEAD END GEARING--ROVING FRAME
{124}
[Illustration]
ELEVATION AND SECTION OF HEAD END GEARING--ROVING FRAME
{125}
ROVING FRAMES.
ALPHABETICAL REFERENCES TO DRAWINGS
[Illustration]
{126}
ROVING FRAMES-CONTINUED.
ALPHABETICAL REFERENCES TO DRAWINGS.
[Illustration]
{127}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES.
DRAFT CALCULATIONS.
[Illustration]
{128}
[Illustration]
The following table may be used in calculating the required Laps per
Inch on Bobbin for any given hank roving:
{129}
1 hank or below, 7.5 x square root of hank = Laps per Inch
1 hank to 2 hanks, 8.5 x square root of hank = Laps per Inch
2 hanks to 3 hanks, 9.5 x square root of hank = Laps per Inch
3 hanks to 4 hanks, 10.0 x square root of hank = Laps per Inch
4 hanks and above, 10.5 x square root of hank = Laps per Inch
Good results are obtained by using 9.3 x square root of hank.
TAPER AND TENSION CALCULATIONS.
It is difficult to give hard and fast rules for figuring the Taper and
Tension Gears, as the required number of teeth on these gears is
affected by the kind of stock, length of staple, amount of twist,
temperature and humidity.
PRODUCTION CALCULATIONS.
[Illustration]
{130}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES.
DRAFT TABLES.
[Illustration]
NOTE-The above is for front and back rolls the same dia.
{131}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES.
KEY TO TWIST TABLES.
(See pages 132 and 133 for complete Twist Tables.)
[Illustration]
Combinations Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are for Slubbing and Intermediate
Frames with 1-1/4-inch dia. Front Roll.
Combinations Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are for Roving and Jack Frames with
1-1/4-inch dia. Front Roll.
Combinations Nos. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are for Roving and Jack Frames
with 1-1/8-inch dia. Front Roll.
{132}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES--TWIST TABLES.
(See page 131 for key to these tables.)
[Illustration]
{133}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES-TWIST TABLES.
(See page 131 for key to these tables.)
[Illustration]
{134}
SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE, ROVING AND JACK FRAMES.
LAY GEARING AND CONSTANTS.
[Illustration]
There are two change gears in the lay combination, the Reversing Shaft
Change Gear Z2 and the Lay Change Gear W1. Although we have given the
full list of Lay Gearing in the above table, only the gears marked *
are variable, the others being the same for all frames. The regular
change gear is W1 and the table on the next page gives lay constants
for a range of Reversing Shaft Change Gears Z2 from 14 to 22
inclusive. To find the correct lay constant select the proper {135}
Lay Gearing Combination from the nine given above, note the number of
teeth on the Reversing Shaft Change Gear Z2 and take the constant
which corresponds in the table below. For example, the lay constant
for a frame with gearing like No.4 combination and a 16 T. Reversing
Shaft Change Gear is 437.9. This divided by the number of teeth on the
Lay Change Gear W1 will give the laps per inch on the bobbin.
TABLE OF LAY CONSTANTS FOR GEARING COMBINATIONS No.1, No.9 AND
REVERSING SHAFT CHANGE GEARS 14 TO 22 T.
[Illustration]
{136}
ROVING TABLE.
FOR NUMBERING BY THE WEIGHT, IN GRAINS, OF 12 YARDS; AND SHOWING TWIST
PER INCH.
(Square Root X 1. 20)
[Illustration]
{137}
ROVING TABLE--CONTINUED.
FOR NUMBERING BY THE WEIGHT, IN GRAINS, OF 12 YARDS; AND SHOWING TWIST
PER INCH
(Square Root X 1.20)
[Illustration]
{138}
[Illustration]
{139}
{140}
[Illustration]
RING SPINNING FRAME--HEAD END
{141}
RING SPINNING FRAMES.
The introduction of these machines was preceded by a careful study of
what had already been done in Spinning Frame design.
Our Improved Ring Spinning Frames are made from entirely new patterns,
and not only combine the best features previously brought out in such
machines, but also many new ideas and improvements which have proved
of great benefit to both manufacturers and spinners.