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LADY CADOGAN'S
Illustrated Games of Solitaire or Patience
_NEW REVISED EDITION_
INCLUDING American Games
"How poor are they that have not patience."--OTHELLO.
_Patientia vincit._
PHILADELPHIA
DAVID McKAY COMPANY
Washington Square
Copyright, 1914, by DAVID MCKAY COMPANY
Printed in United States of America
[Transcriber's Note: This alphabetical list of the games was produced
for the convenience of the reader and is not contained in the original
text.]
CONTENTS
ANNA THE FIFTEEN
BABETTE THE FISH-BONE
CÆSAR THE FLOWER-GARDEN
CANFIELD OR KLONDIKE THE FOUR CORNERS
FORTRESS THE FOURTEENTH
GENERAL SEDGEWICK THE GREAT THIRTEEN
LA BELLE LUCIE THE HEMISPHERES
LA NIVERNAISE THE HERRING-BONE
LIGHT AND SHADE THE KINGS
MARGARETHE THE LABYRINTH
MOUNT OLYMPUS THE "LOUIS" PATIENCE
NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA THE MILL
NAPOLEON'S SQUARE THE NATION
NESTOR THE OLGA
RED AND BLACK THE QUEENS
SLY THE SALIC LAW
SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN THE SHAH
THE BESIEGED CITY THE SQUARE
THE BLOCKADE THE SULTAN
THE CARPET THE TERRACE
THE CLOCK THE WHEEL
THE CONGRESS THE ZODIAC
THE CONSTITUTION TWO RINGS
THE EMPRESS OF INDIA
EXPLANATION OF THE TABLEAUX
The blank spaces show where the foundation cards should be played
during the deal.
EXPLANATION OF TERMS
_Available cards._ Those that are not "blocked" by other cards, _i.e._,
not forbidden by the particular rules of each game, to be used.
_Released cards._ Those which, by the removal of the cards that blocked
them, have now become available.
_Suitable cards._ Those whose value and suit fit them to be played or
placed in the tableaux.
_Foundation cards._ Those on which the Patience is formed. These are
generally aces and kings.
_Marriage._ The placing a card _of the same suit_ on the next one above
or below it in value. Any number may be placed on each other in this
way.
_Sequence._ The regular succession of cards ascending from ace to king,
or descending from king to ace; a sequence need not be of one suit.
_Value._ The figures of the court cards, and the number of points of
the minor ones.
_Suit._ Either hearts, spades, diamonds, or clubs.
_Lane._ An empty space in the tableau, which has been formed by the
removal of an entire row of cards.
_Talon._ Cards which, being unsuitable at the moment, are laid aside in
one or more packets till they can come into use.
_To play cards._ The _placing them on the foundations_ in
contradistinction to placing them elsewhere.
_Re-deals._ These are always in addition to the original deal.
[Illustration: LA BELLE LUCIE.]
LA BELLE LUCIE
One Entire Pack of Cards
RULES
I. The uppermost card of each packet is alone available, until by its
removal it releases the one beneath.
II. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out the entire pack in packets of three cards dealt together and
placed as in tableau. The last packet, however, will contain but one
card.
The four aces form the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence
to kings.
Having placed the tableau, take any aces that may appear on the surface
of the packets and play them in their allotted spaces, and upon them
any other suitable cards, subject to Rule I.
When all available cards have been played, you proceed to release
others, by forming marriages in a descending line on the tableau; but
great care is requisite, lest in releasing one card another still more
necessary to success should be blocked. The whole tableau should be
carefully examined, and the combinations arranged so as to release the
greatest number of suitable cards.
When this has been done, and there are no more available cards to play,
the entire tableau may be taken up, shuffled and re-dealt (if necessary
twice), then played again as before.
This game can also be played with two packs, the eight aces forming the
foundation cards, and double the number of packets being dealt for the
tableau. It is then called "THE HOUSE IN THE WOOD."
There is also another way of playing it with two packs. The foundation
cards to be four aces, and four kings of different suits, and marriages
made both in ascending and descending lines. The name of this game is
"THE HOUSE ON THE HILL."
[Illustration: NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA.]
NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. Only cards in the lowest row are available, until a card in any
other row is released by the removal of those below it, the principle
being that _no card can be used that has another below it_.
II. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out from left to right four rows of ten cards.
The eight aces, when they can be placed, form the foundation cards, and
are to ascend in sequence to kings.
Should any aces appear in the lowest row, play them in their allotted
spaces, and upon them any suitable cards to continue the foundations
(Rule I).
You must now examine the tableau and endeavor by forming marriages (in
descending line, and always subject to Rule I) to release other
suitable cards. This, however, must be done with care, lest a sequence
in a lower row may block a card above it which is much wanted, and
might soon have been released.
If by these changes you can make a vacancy in the uppermost row (thus
forming a perpendicular lane), it is of the greatest use. The vacancy
may be refilled with any available card from the tableau or from the
talon, but you are not obliged to refill it until a favorable
opportunity occurs.
_Note._--Some players only allow the vacancy to be filled from the
talon.
The card so placed has all the privileges of the original card whose
place it fills, and is treated in the same manner.
When there are no more available cards to play, proceed to deal out the
remainder of the pack, turning the cards one by one, playing all
suitable ones on the foundations, or placing them on the sequences of
the tableau. The cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one
packet, forming the talon.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE FIFTEEN.]
THE FIFTEEN
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. Only cards in the seventh or lowest row are available, until by
their removal those above them are released. _No card can at any time
be used that has any other below it._
_Note._--There is one exception to this rule, in case the game cannot
be opened. See below.
II. Each foundation must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out the entire pack from left to right in horizontal rows, fifteen
cards in each, excepting the last one, which can only contain fourteen.
Each row should partly cover over the preceding one; four aces and four
kings form the foundation cards, the aces ascending in sequence to
kings, the kings descending in sequence to aces. _When the deal is
complete_, if any foundation cards should appear in the lowest row
(Rule I), play them at once on the spaces reserved, and also any other
suitable cards--then marry, both in ascending and in descending lines,
subject to Rule I; but if, after these changes, no foundation card is
available, so that the patience cannot even begin, you may withdraw
from the sixth row one ace and one king, if any are to be found (see
note to Rule I), immediately filling the spaces so made with the cards
below which had previously blocked them. If even this resource is
unavailing, the patience has already failed, there being no re-deal,
and no further infringement of rules allowed.
When one or more foundations are established, examine the tableau
carefully, marry all available cards, and endeavor by these changes to
release the greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations, and
to open out one or more perpendicular lanes. These are of the greatest
use; you may select any available card and place it at the top of the
lane, and below it any others in sequence of the same suit, each card
partly concealing the preceding one, as in the original deal.
You may also use the lane for reversing any sequences previously made.
Thus, supposing there is a sequence beginning with a ten and ending
with a three (the ten being required for one of the foundations), place
the three at the top of the lane, the other cards following until the
ten becomes the lowest or available card.
In theory this patience is simple, but it is very difficult to play.
The combinations are endless, from the constant reversing of sequences,
and require great attention. As the success principally depends on the
lanes, it is more prudent, when you have only one, not to refill it
until by some fresh combination you can open out another one.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE SALIC LAW.]
THE SALIC LAW
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. Only the cards on the surface of the king packets are available,
until their removal as usual releases those beneath, but all the cards
in each packet may be examined.
II. The foundations do not follow suit.
PLAY
Take from the pack and place one king to begin the line of eight kings,
that are to be successively placed in a horizontal row as they appear
in the deal. On this first king you place all the cards as you deal
them until the next king appears. You now place the cards as you deal
them upon this second king, and you continue thus to deal out the whole
pack, always heaping upon the last king that has appeared all the cards
as they are dealt.
The eight aces are to form the foundation cards, and are to ascend in
sequence to knaves (Rule II). When in the course of the deal any aces
appear, they are to be immediately placed in a line above the king
packets, and upon them any suitable cards (Rule I), and when the queens
appear they are to be placed in a row above the foundations. The queens
are merely placed to complete the final tableau, which, if the patience
succeeds, consists of the eight queens above, the eight knaves
finishing the foundations in the centre, and the eight kings below. You
must continually examine the surface of the king packets to play any
suitable cards on the foundations, and in so doing endeavor to free
some of the kings entirely, for when the deal is ended you are allowed
to place one card from any of the other packets (Rule I) on each king,
and you must, of course, choose those cards that will release the
greatest number of suitable cards for the foundations, for which
purpose the whole packets may be examined. In this consists the entire
play.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE FOUR CORNERS.]
THE FOUR CORNERS
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. After the deal is completed, the uppermost card of each packet is
available and may be placed on _any of the foundations_, the cards
underneath being released as usual by the removal of those that covered
them.
II. Each foundation must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out twelve cards as in tableau, beginning on the left. Place the
top corner card, then the four side cards, lastly the lower corner
card; repeat this process on the right hand, beginning with the top
corner, and leaving space in the centre for the foundation cards. These
will consist of four aces and four kings of different suits, the aces
ascending in sequence to kings, and the kings descending in sequence to
aces.
Having dealt the first round of twelve cards, proceed to deal out the
entire pack in successive rounds covering the first one, but in dealing
each several round the following method must be strictly observed:
The eight foundation cards, as they appear in the deal (whether they
fall on the corner or on the side packets), are to be at once played in
the space reserved for them, and on these may be played any suitable
cards which in dealing fall _on either of the four corner packets_; but
when a card (otherwise suitable) falls on either of the _side packets_,
it may not be played unless the foundation to which it belongs happens
to be the one _immediately adjoining the side packet on which that card
fell in dealing_.
_Note._--Whenever in dealing a card is withdrawn, to place on one of
the foundations, the next card in the pack is placed in its stead.
_After the entire deal is completed_ these restrictions cease, all
suitable cards may now be played, subject to Rule I, and marriages,
both in ascending and descending lines, may be made with cards on the
surface of the twelve packets; great care must, however, be taken in
making these marriages, lest in releasing one card you block another
that is equally required. The contents of each packet should be
carefully examined, and only those marriages made which release the
greatest number of suitable cards.
_Note._--The sequences thus made may be reversed if required, viz., if
one of the packets contained a sequence, beginning with deuce and
ascending to eight (this being, of course, the top card), and one of
the other packets had at the top a nine of the same suit, the eight
might be placed on the nine, the rest of the sequence following, till
the deuce became the top (or available) card.
When all possible combinations have been made, and further progress is
impossible, the twelve packets may be taken up in order, beginning on
the left, re-dealt, and played exactly as before. If necessary, there
may be two re-deals.
[Illustration: THE MILL.]
THE MILL
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. All cards in the wings are available.
II. The five foundations do not follow suit.
PLAY
Take from the pack one ace and place it in the centre before you; next
deal out eight cards, grouping them round the ace to represent the
wings of a windmill. The _first four kings_ that appear in dealing are
to be played in the four angles (see tableau). These, with the centre
ace, form the five foundation cards. Each of the four kings is to
descend in sequence to ace, while upon the centre ace four entire
families are to be piled in sequences (Rule II).
Having placed the centre ace and the wings, take from the latter any
kings for the foundations, or other suitable cards to play on them, or
on the centre ace, filling up the spaces so made from the cards in your
hand. Then proceed to deal out the remaining cards, turning them one by
one, playing all whose value admit of it on the foundations. The cards
that cannot be so used are placed aside in one packet, forming the
talon.
_Note._--The four families on the centre ace each begin with ace and
end with king.
It is better to play cards from the talon rather than from the wings.
Vacancies in the wings must be _immediately_ refilled from the pack or
talon.
In forming the foundations, the uppermost card of either of the king
packets may be transferred, if suitable, to the ace packet; but this
privilege is limited to _one_ card of each at a time, and may only be
resorted to when the playing of that card would bring into immediate
use any other available card of the wings or of the talon.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE SHAH.]
THE SHAH
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. During the deal cards in each circle of the star are available until
another circle blocks them. After the deal is completed only cards in
the third (or outer) circle are available until, as usual, their
removal releases the inner circles.
II. Marriages are limited to cards in the third circle; cards in the
inner circles, even when released, can only be played, but not married.
III. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Take from the pack the eight aces and the eight kings. Throw aside
seven of the kings and place the remaining one in the centre, with the
eight aces surrounding it in a circle.
The king is called The Shah, and remains alone. The aces are the
foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence to queens.
Next deal out a circle of eight cards, beginning at the top and
continuing from left to right. If any of these are suitable, play them,
filling the spaces at once from the cards in your hand. Then deal out a
second circle, blocking the first one (Rule I), and treat it in the
same manner, then a third circle, which completes the rays of the star.
_Note._--In the pattern tableau the third circle is omitted for want of
space.
You should now examine the star, to see if there are any available
cards which it would be advantageous to marry, or to play (Rules I and
II), but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunity
occurs. Marriages can only be made in descending line.
_Note._--It is often better to wait until, in dealing, a card turns up
likely to be soon required, and then, by playing or marrying, you make
a vacant space in which to place it.
When you have played or married all the cards you wish, the spaces so
made must be refilled from the talon or pack, beginning with the inner
circles, and proceeding from left to right as before.
The remaining cards are dealt out in the usual way, those not required
for the foundations, or for marrying, or for refilling spaces forming
the talon.
When a lane, _i.e._, one entire ray of the star, is opened out, the
place of the _inner_ card may be filled by _one card_ from the third
circle. This is sometimes of great use, and is a kind of "grace," as
this patience seldom succeeds. The other two spaces are refilled from
the talon, and this must be done at once, as each ray must always be
complete.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE BLOCKADE.]
THE BLOCKADE
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. All cards in the first row are available, but as each row is placed
it blocks the preceding one.
The removal of any card in the lower rows releases the one immediately
above it, the principle being that all cards are available that have
_no others below them_.
II. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out twelve cards in a horizontal line. Aces may be played as they
appear, but no other card can be played until the row is complete. The
eight aces are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence to
kings.
When the first line is placed, play any suitable cards, and then marry
in descending line, but be careful to place the cards exactly over each
other, to avoid confusion. The vacancies thus caused must be
immediately refilled from the pack, then again play and marry. When
neither can be done, deal out another row underneath the first, and,
when it is complete, play, marry, and refill spaces as before.
You continue to deal out successive rows until the pack is exhausted,
always pausing between each row to play, marry, and refill spaces.
In the course of the game vacancies will often be made in the higher
rows. These must always be refilled first.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE CLOCK.]
THE CLOCK
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. When the circle is formed, the uppermost cards of each packet are
available, and their removal releases as usual those beneath.
II. Marriages can only be made with cards in the circle, and not with
those from the pack or talon.
III. Vacancies in the circle must be refilled with cards from the pack,
but not from the talon; each packet must be refilled so as to contain
_not less_ than three cards.
IV. The twelve foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Withdraw from the pack the twelve cards, as in Tableau No. 1, and place
them in their exact order against the hours of the clock represented.
These are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in sequence until
each packet attains the hour of the clock against which it is placed.
Having placed these twelve foundations, proceed to deal out a circle
consisting of twelve packets of three cards dealt together--so spread
that each card is visible (see dotted line). From this circle you first
play all suitable cards (Rule I), and then marry in a descending line
(Rule II), and then refill spaces (Rule III). This last should be done
in order, from left to right, beginning at the numeral I, and all the
packets refilled before proceeding again to play or to marry.
_Note._--Although each packet must never contain less than the original
number of three cards, they will often, by marriages, contain more.
You are not obliged to play cards which would be more useful if left on
the circle.
When all further progress is at an end, deal out the remaining cards;
play all suitable ones, then marry and refill spaces, but be careful
not to infringe Rule II.
The cards that cannot be so employed are laid aside in one packet,
forming the talon, which can only be used to play on the foundations.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: FORTRESS.]
FORTRESS
One Entire Pack of Cards
RULES
I. Only the outside cards of each group are available, until by their
removal the next ones are released, the principle being that no card
can be used _that has another outside it_.
_Note._--By "outside" is meant the cards on the right side of the
right-hand group, and those on the left side of the left-hand group.
II. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out the entire pack horizontally in two groups, as in tableau,
beginning at the left hand, and dealing straight across each group,
leaving space in the centre for four aces. These, when they can be
played, form the foundation cards, and are to descend in sequence to
kings.
Should any aces appear on the _outside_ of either group, play them, as
also any other suitable cards for continuing the foundations (Rules I
and II).
You next proceed to form marriages, both in ascending and in descending
lines, with cards on the outside of _both_ groups (Rule I). But this
must be done with extreme care, so as not only to release the greatest
number of suitable cards, but also, if possible, to open out one entire
horizontal row of cards to form a lane. The success of the game
entirely depends on these lanes. If, therefore, you succeed in opening
out one, it is more prudent not to refill it until, by some fresh
combination, others can be made.
When a lane is to be refilled, select any available card (Rule I), and
place it at the inner end of the lane, and along it any others in
sequence of the same suit, the last card being, of course, the
available one.
One great use of these lanes is to reverse any sequences that have been
made by marriages in the ascending line.
_Note._--Supposing you have placed upon a deuce a sequence ending with
eight; place the eight at the inner end of the lane, the other cards
following in succession until the deuce becomes the outside card. When
there are more cards in the lane than the original number, they can be
placed partly over each other.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: THE FOURTEENTH.]
THE FOURTEENTH
Two Entire Packs of Cards
PLAY
Deal out twenty-five cards in five rows, each containing five cards.
The object is to compose the number fourteen with any two cards taken
either from a perpendicular or from a horizontal row. The knave counts
eleven, the queen twelve, and the king thirteen.
The cards so paired are withdrawn, and their places filled by the cards
in your hand.
If in the course of the game the number fourteen cannot be composed,
one chance remains--any two cards may be taken from their proper
position, and may change places with any other two cards; and it is
only in making this exchange, so as to produce one or more fourteens,
that the player has any control over the success of the game, the
success consisting of the entire pack being paired off. In the tableau
three fourteens could be at once composed: The ten of hearts with the
four of clubs, the knave of spades with the three of hearts, the eight
of diamonds with the six of spades.
[Illustration: THE SULTAN.]
THE SULTAN
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULE
The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Withdraw from the pack and place the eight kings and one ace of hearts
as in tableau.
The centre king of hearts is called the Sultan, and remains alone. The
other seven kings, with the ace of hearts, form the foundation cards.
Each of these seven kings begins with ace, and ascends in sequence to
queen. The ace of hearts ascends in the same manner, so that all the
eight packets surrounding the Sultan end with queens.
You next deal out eight cards, four on either side (see tableau). These
constitute the Divan. From this Divan you can play any suitable cards
on the foundations, and, having done so, proceed to deal out the
remainder of the pack, turning the cards one by one, those that are not
suitable for the foundations being laid aside in one packet, forming
the talon. Vacancies in the Divan must be immediately refilled from the
talon, or, when there is no talon, from the pack.
The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt, if necessary, twice.
[Illustration: LA NIVERNAISE.]
LA NIVERNAISE
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. The Line is to consist of six packets, of which the uppermost card
of each is alone available, until by its removal the one beneath is
released--_the card which is uppermost at the time being always the
available one_.
II. As many cards in each of the packets forming the Line may be
examined as there are vacancies in the Flanks.
III. All foundations must follow suit.
IV. In re-dealing, the Line packets must be taken up in succession,
beginning on the left; then the whole together turned and re-dealt as
before.
PLAY
Place two perpendicular rows of four cards each, called Flanks, leaving
space in the centre for four aces and four kings of different suits.
These, when they can be played, form the foundation cards, the kings
descending in sequence to aces, the aces ascending in sequence to
kings.
You next deal from left to right six packets, each composed of four
cards dealt together, and placed in a horizontal line underneath. These
packets are called the Line, and will receive successive additions.
If any of the foundation cards appear on the surface of the Line, or on
the Flanks, play them in the spaces reserved; as also any other
suitable cards subject to Rule I, taking, however, in preference, cards
from the Flanks, as the vacancies so made are most important.
_Note._--So necessary to success are these vacancies that if, after
dealing the first round of the Line, none have been made, it is
scarcely worth while to continue the game.
They may be filled from the pack or from the Line, but it is never
prudent to fill up all vacancies; one at least should be left.
Single cards are not to be replaced on the Line; but if an entire
packet has been played off, four more cards are to be immediately
placed in its stead, and this rule applies to each several round.
When the resources thus far are exhausted, deal a second round of four
cards together, on each of the Line packets as before, and continue
thus to deal successive rounds until all the cards are dealt out, but
between each round pause and examine the Line (Rule II) and the Flanks,
and play all available cards.
The whole of the pack having been dealt, and further progress at an
end, take up the line as prescribed in Rule IV, re-deal, and play
exactly as at first.
There is only one re-deal.
In forming the foundations, one card at a time may be exchanged from
the ascending to the descending sequences, and _vice versâ_.
[Illustration: THE EMPRESS OF INDIA.]
THE EMPRESS OF INDIA
Four Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. All cards in the Army and Navy are equally available if played in
pairs (_i.e._, one black and one red), but no card of either color
can be played on a foundation _unless a card of the other color is
played at the same time on another foundation_.
II. Vacancies in the Army and Navy must be immediately refilled with
cards of their own color from the talon, or, when there is no talon,
from the pack.
III. Cards from the pack or talon cannot be played at once, but must
first pass through the Army or Navy.
IV. The talon consists of two packets, one of red, the other of black,
cards.
V. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Withdraw from the pack the eight black aces and the eight black queens,
the eight red kings, and the eight red knaves.
Place these cards as in the tableau, throwing aside the four queens of
spades and three queens of clubs.
The remaining queen of clubs represents the Empress; the knaves, the
guard of British soldiers, and these nine cards remain alone.
The eight black aces and the eight red kings are the foundation cards,
the aces ascending in sequence to kings, representing Admirals, the
kings descending in sequence to aces, representing Generals.
_Note._--The red sequences must omit knaves, the black ones must omit
queens.
Deal out four horizontal rows, each containing twelve cards, of which
the two upper rows are to be red (the Army), the two lower ones black
(the Navy).
They are to be dealt at the same time, and if after the two rows of one
color, say red, are finished, more red cards turn up, they must be laid
aside as a talon (Rule IV).
When the Army and Navy are complete, if any available pairs of cards
have been dealt (Rule I), play them (the first pair must, of course, be
a black two and a red queen), and refill the spaces; but if there
should be none, you may proceed to pair cards. Any card in the Army may
be placed on any card in the Navy, and _vice versâ_, but the cards so
paired cannot afterwards be separated, but must be played _at the same
time_ on their respective foundations. The vacancies thus made must be
immediately refilled (Rule II).
Each card can only be paired once.
You may choose your own time for pairing cards. For instance, if you
require, say, a ten of clubs for one of the foundations, you may defer
making a vacancy in the Navy until the ten of clubs is at the top of
the talon. When you have played all available cards, deal out the
remainder of the pack, those not required to fill vacancies being
placed in two packets (Rule IV).
There is no re-deal.
_Note._--The Army and Navy could not be placed in the tableau from want
of space.
[Illustration: THE BESIEGED CITY.]
THE BESIEGED CITY
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. The foundations are formed with cards from the Ramparts and from the
pack. Cards from the talon must pass through the Reserve, and the
Reserve must pass into the Ramparts before they can be played.
II. Cards in the Ramparts may be placed on each other either in the
usual ascending and descending sequences, or in the order in which
they will be played, viz., queen on two, knave on three, and so on, or
_vice versâ_. They must be of the same suit; and sequences, both in
ascending and in descending lines, may be placed in the same packet.
Cards in the Ramparts may be transferred from one packet to another at
discretion (the top card of each being alone available), and they must
follow suit.
III. Cards in the Reserve may in the same way be placed on those in the
Ramparts, _but only on the cards at the ends or sides of the line_ from
which they are taken.
_Note._--In the tableau the four of clubs could only be placed on cards
at A, B, C, or D, and in this case only on D.
IV. Vacancies in the Ramparts are filled from the Reserve with any card
in the row at the end of which the vacancy occurs.
_Note._--In the tableau a vacancy at B or D could only be filled by the
four or ace of clubs, or by the seven or six of spades; and a vacancy
at A or C, by the ace of diamonds or by the three or four of clubs.
V. Vacancies in the Reserve are filled from the talon or, when there is
no talon, from the pack.
VI. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal twelve cards in four rows of three cards each. Then deal an
_outside row_ of fourteen cards placed crossways. These are the
"Ramparts." The inside twelve cards are the "Reserve."
The foundation cards are four aces of different suits. On these are
placed kings, then deuces, queens, threes, and so on, each foundation
consisting of alternate sequences, ascending and descending, and
finishing as well as beginning with aces (Rule VI).
Having placed the tableau, take from the Ramparts aces or other suitable
cards (if any have been dealt), and play them in their allotted places,
_immediately filling each vacancy as it occurs_ (Rules IV and V); this
must be done throughout the game. Then transfer cards in the Ramparts,
and from the Reserve, as directed in Rules II and III.
When you have done all that you wished (for it is optional), and again
played if you can, deal out the remainder of the pack, the cards not
suitable for the foundations being placed in a talon.
At the end of the patience, when the talon is exhausted and all the
cards have been dealt, should there still be cards in the Reserve which
cannot be transferred to the Ramparts, you may transpose them to effect
this if you can.
This patience is exceedingly difficult.
[Illustration: THE FLOWER-GARDEN.]
THE FLOWER-GARDEN
One Entire Pack of Cards
RULES
I. Any card in the Bouquet and the uppermost cards of the Garden are
available. The removal of the top cards releases those beneath.
II. The foundations must follow suit.
III. Cards placed in sequence on the Garden _need not_ follow
suit.
PLAY
Deal six packets of six cards dealt together, and so spread that all
are visible. The four aces are the foundation cards, and are to ascend
in sequence to kings (Rule II).
Sixteen cards will remain, which are called the Bouquet, and must be
kept in the hand. Take from the Bouquet and from the Garden any aces or
other suitable cards (Rule I) and play them.
Next place cards in descending sequences in the Garden, transferring
them from one packet to another as often as you please (Rules I and
III), and you may place cards from the Bouquet in the same way. For
example, place the four of diamonds (see tableau) on the five of clubs,
then take the ten of hearts from the Bouquet and place it on the knave
of diamonds. The nine of clubs can now be transferred, and the ace and
deuce of diamonds are released.
This patience is exceedingly difficult. Cards taken from the Bouquet
cannot be returned to it, and there is only one deal. The greatest care
must, therefore, be taken in placing cards in sequence and in playing
them. You are not obliged to do either, and it is often better to leave
a card than to play it, as it may be useful in releasing others.
When an entire packet is cleared off, you may begin a new one with a
card from the Bouquet or from the Garden (Rule I), and this is often
the only means of removing a king, which, being the highest card, can
never be transferred.
[Illustration: THE HEMISPHERES.]
THE HEMISPHERES
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. Only cards that belong to their proper hemisphere are available.
II. Cards of the wrong colors may be _exchanged_ into their proper
hemispheres whenever the opportunity occurs, and at the end of the
game, when all the cards are dealt and the talon is exhausted, they
may be _transferred without an exchange_.
III. Cards may only marry those belonging to their own Race, but cards
from the talon may marry those of any Race.
IV. The barriers cannot be moved till the end of the game, when they
are played to complete the foundations.
V. All the foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Take from the pack and place as in tableau the four red aces and the
four black kings.
Then place _crossways_ a king of hearts and a king of diamonds, an ace
of clubs and an ace of spades. The four latter cards are called
barriers, and divide each Race.
The four black kings and the four red aces form the foundation cards,
the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending in
sequence to aces.
The red cards, representing Europeans and Asiatics, should inhabit the
northern hemisphere; the black cards, representing Australians and
Africans, the southern; but it is obvious that, in dealing and
refilling vacancies, cards will often be found in the wrong
hemispheres, _and while there they cannot be used in any way_.
Having placed the foundations and the barriers, deal out (from left to
right, beginning from the king of hearts) a circle consisting of three
cards between each barrier. These represent the four Races. From these
Races you play, marry, and exchange all available cards subject to
Rules I, II, III, and V.
_Note._--The red suits marry in descending line; the black, in
ascending line.
This done, you deal out the remainder of the pack, first refilling
vacancies in the Races (proceeding from left to right, as in the
original deal) and then playing all suitable cards. The rest form the
talon, from which cards may marry those in the circle, subject to Rules
I and III.
There is no re-deal.
[Illustration: NAPOLEON'S SQUARE.]
NAPOLEON'S SQUARE
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. Only the uppermost cards of the packets in the square are available
until, by their removal, the cards underneath are released, but the
whole of the square may be examined.
II. When a vacancy in the square is caused by the removal of an entire
packet, the space may be filled by one card from the talon or pack, but
this need not be done until a favorable opportunity occurs.
III. All the foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal out twelve packets, each consisting of four cards dealt together,
so as to form three sides of a square, leaving space in the centre for
the eight aces. These are the foundation cards, and are to ascend in
sequence to kings.
If any aces appear on the surface of the square, play them in their
allotted places, as also any other suitable cards.
You next proceed to form marriages in a descending line with the cards
of the square, subject to Rule I. As usual, great judgment must be
exercised in making these changes, lest cards underneath should be
blocked by a sequence of higher cards of the same suit. If this were to
occur in two packets, _i.e._, if in both cases sequences, say, of
diamonds blocked lower cards of the same suit, success would be
impossible.
_Note._--If after dealing the square two kings of one suit were found
to be blocking two smaller cards of that suit, either the whole must be
taken up and re-dealt, or one king must be slipped underneath.
You now proceed to play out the rest of the cards, those that are not
suitable for the foundations or for the sequences of the square being
placed in a talon.
There is no re-deal.
This game may be also played as follows:
Deal out a square of twelve _single_ cards, then deal the rest of the
pack as usual, the cards that are suitable being played on the
foundations or married (in descending line) to those on the square,
ready to be transferred to the foundations, the rest placed in a talon,
and vacancies filled in the usual manner.
[Illustration: THE CONSTITUTION.]
THE CONSTITUTION
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. The foundations are formed exclusively from the "Privy Council." All
cards in the other divisions, pack, or talon must ascend through each
division till they reach the top before they can be played.
II. Cards in the three lower divisions may be placed in sequence on
cards in the next division above them, and in this manner they may be
transferred from one division to another till they reach the top.
III. When cards are placed in sequence in the "Constitution," the top
card only of each sequence is available until its removal releases the
one beneath.
IV. All sequences must be of alternate colors and in descending
line--_i.e._, a red nine on a black ten, then a black eight, a red
seven, and so on. Any number of cards may be so placed.
V. Each vacancy must be _at once_ filled by a card from the division
immediately below it; and as this rule applies equally to all the
rows, a vacancy will thus be caused in the lowest row or "People,"
which must be filled from the talon, or, when there is no talon, from
the pack.
VI. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Take from the pack the kings, queens, and aces--seven of the queens are
to be thrown aside and the other cards placed as in tableau.
The queen of diamonds represents THE SOVEREIGN; the black kings, the
Bishops; the red kings, the Judges.
The eight aces form the foundation cards or "Government," and ascend in
sequence to knaves.
Deal out four horizontal rows (beginning with the lowest), each
containing eight cards.
This forms the "Constitution." Each row represents a separate division.
The first (or lowest row) is the "People"; the second, the "House of
Commons"; the third, the "House of Lords"; the last the "Privy
Council."
When the tableau is complete, if any suitable cards are to be found in
the "Privy Council" row, play them (Rule I), immediately refilling each
vacancy as it is made (Rule V).
You must then examine the Constitution to see which cards may be most
advantageously placed in sequence (Rules II and IV).
_Note._--The success of this game depends chiefly on the play. In
filling a vacancy choose the card (Rule V) which has the most chance of
reaching the top, or of being useful to cards in the row below it. It
is often better to defer making a vacancy till a card turns up in
dealing that is required.
When you have played all available cards and placed in sequence all
that you wish, deal out the remainder of the pack, the cards not
required to fill vacancies in the "People" forming the talon.
[Illustration: THE ZODIAC.]
THE ZODIAC
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. Marriages may be made in the Zodiac with cards from the Equator
(but not _vice versâ_) and from the talon or pack, but cards in the
Zodiac cannot marry each other, neither can those in the Equator do
so. Marriages may be made in ascending and descending lines, and the
same packet may contain both.
II. The foundations must follow suit.
PLAY
Deal eight cards in a horizontal row called the "Equator." Then deal a
surrounding circle of twenty-four cards called the "Zodiac."
The foundations are not formed _till the end of the game_. They are to
consist of the four aces and four kings of different suits, the aces
ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending in sequence to
aces.
Having placed the tableau, you proceed to marry (Rule I) and to refill
the spaces from the talon, or, where there is no talon, from the pack,
but you are not obliged to do either until a favorable opportunity
occurs. You continue to deal out the cards in the usual way, those not
required for marrying or for refilling spaces forming the talon. This
is to be re-dealt as often as required--that is, until all the cards
are placed either in the Zodiac or in the Equator. If this cannot be
done, the patience has already failed. If you succeed in placing all
the cards, you then begin to form the eight foundations from the Zodiac
and Equator (Rule II).
It is obvious that the greatest care is required in marrying the cards,
or you will so block them as to be unable to form the foundations.
[Illustration: THE KINGS.]
THE KINGS
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. The foundations do not follow suit, neither do the cards placed in
sequence on the columns.
II. Only the _outside cards of each group of columns_ are available
until, by their removal, the next ones are released, the principle
being that no card is available _that has another outside it_.
_Note._--By "outside" is meant the cards on the right side of the
right-hand group, and those on the left side of the left-hand group.
III. _During the deal_ no card is available for playing on the
foundations unless it is on the _same horizontal line as the
foundation_ (of either group) _for which it is suitable_. When the
entire deal is complete, this restriction ceases.
PLAY
Withdraw from the packs the eight aces, and place them in two columns,
taking care that each suit is in juxtaposition as in tableau.
The eight aces form the foundations, which ascend in sequence (Rule I)
to kings. On either side of the foundations, deal out a column of four
cards, and if in dealing these a suitable card turns up, available for
a foundation, _in accordance with Rule III_, play it at once; replacing
it with the next card from the pack. You continue to deal out successive
columns of four cards, alternately on the right and left of the first
ones, until the pack is exhausted, thus forming two groups of columns,
with the eight aces in the centre. To avoid confusion, it is best to
deal the columns regularly, first on the left, and then on the right,
side.
In dealing, never omit to play suitable cards as they turn up, subject
to Rule III, for as each column is placed it blocks the preceding one
(Rule II), and _during the deal_ you may not play cards from the inner
columns, even if released.
When the pack is exhausted, you examine the tableau, and may now play
any available cards (Rule II), the restriction as to their being on the
same horizontal line having ceased. Sequences (Rule I), both ascending
and descending, may now be formed with cards on the outside of both
groups (Rule II), and these sequences may be reversed, as they are
required to play on the foundations, by transferring them from one
packet to another. If an entire horizontal row of cards has been
removed, you may place any available card at the inner end of the lane
so formed, and sequences may be placed upon it, as on the others.
There is no re-deal.
_Note._--It is not perfectly clear from the original whether the
restriction mentioned in Rule III ceases when the deal is complete,
but, the game being a very difficult one, it is advisable to interpret
it in the affirmative.
[Illustration: BABETTE.]
BABETTE
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. The foundations follow suit.
II. Vacancies in the garden _are not to be refilled_.
III. Each row of cards in the garden blocks the preceding one, but on
the removal of cards in the lower rows those above them are released.
PLAY
Deal out eight cards in a horizontal line. This commences what is
called the "garden." When the first row is complete, take from it any
foundations and place them in the allotted spaces above, and also other
suitable cards, but do not refill vacancies (Rule II).
The foundations consist of four aces and four kings of different suits,
ascending and descending in the usual sequences (Rule I).
_Note._--The tableau is so arranged that one of the king foundations
has already descended to queen, and one of the ace foundations has
ascended to three. The vacant spaces in the garden show from whence
cards have been removed, and not replaced; but there would probably be
many more rows in the garden than are shown on the tableau.
You next proceed to deal out successive rows in the garden underneath
the first one till the pack is exhausted, strictly observing Rule II.
If there is not room to place each row of the garden below the preceding
one, it must be placed so as to half cover it, but in that case,
especially if there are many vacancies, the rows of cards are apt to
get mixed, so it is best to count from the top, to make sure that you
are placing the row you are working on in its proper detached line, and
are not partly refilling other rows. _You must finish each row before
playing from it._
When the garden is laid out, and all available cards have been played
(Rule III), take up by itself each perpendicular column, beginning on
the left, placing the next column underneath the first, and so on with
each column in succession, so that, in turning the pack to re-deal, the
last column on the right may be uppermost, thus reversing the order of
each row of cards in the next deal.
The garden may be taken up twice and re-dealt exactly in the same
manner and observing the same rules.
[Illustration: NESTOR.]
NESTOR
One Entire Pack of Cards
PLAY
Deal out in horizontal lines six rows each containing eight cards. In
dealing these, you must be careful that there should never be two cards
of equal value in the same _perpendicular_ line. If, for example, two
kings or two fives (the same, of course, applies to all the cards) were
to be underneath each other, even though several other cards intervened
between them, it would be useless to proceed. You must, therefore,
consider the duplicate card as unavailable for the moment and place it
at the bottom of the pack in hand, and proceed to deal the next card.
When the tableau is complete, four cards will remain, which are to be
placed aside, as a reserve. You then examine the tableau and endeavor
to pair the cards, taking only those of the lowest row, until their
removal releases those above. When no more can be paired, you have
recourse to those of the reserve, taking them up one by one. If the
first cannot be paired, put it aside, taking the next, but the card or
cards so put aside can be paired afterwards if the opportunity of doing
so arises. If all the cards cannot be paired, the game has failed.
[Illustration: LIGHT AND SHADE.]
LIGHT AND SHADE
Two Entire Packs of Cards
RULES
I. The foundations ascend in sequence, but are formed in alternate
colors: red ace, black deuce, red three, and so on.
II. Cards placed on the Auxiliaries descend in sequence, but must also
alternate in color.
III. Vacancies in the Auxiliaries are filled by cards from the Rivals;
vacancies in the Rivals, by cards from the pack or talon.
PLAY