1. The _Ketchi_: a small tribe on Trinity River, hated by the Cumanches
as sorcerers, and, perhaps, the same as--
2. The _Hitchi_, once a distinct tribe, now assimilated with their
neighbours.
3. The _Tonkaways_, a separate tribe, of which, however, the
distinctive characters are not stated.
Whatever may be the exact details of the languages, dialects, and
subdialects of Texas, the general outline is simple.
The _Choctah_ forms of speech are anything but native.
They are of foreign origin and recent introduction. So are certain
Sioux and other dialects spoken within the Texian area.
The _Cumanch_ is in the same predicament; though not, perhaps, so
decidedly. It belongs to the Paduca class, and its affinities are with
the Shoshoni and Wihinast of Oregon.
The _Caddo_ Proper is said to be intrusive, having been introduced so
late as 1819 from the parts between the great Raft and the Natchitoches
or Red River. I hold, however, that _some_ Caddo forms of speech must
be indigenous.