_Sea-otter_ youchtz youtch
_River-otter_ coostah kooshta
_Bear_ hooctch hoots
_Whale_ yioagh yaaga
_Woman_ shewat shavvot
_Summer_ kootaan kootaan
_He_ yout youta
_Good_ ahkeh tooake
On the other hand, the Tonghaas has affinities with the Haidah of Queen
Charlotte's Island, and through it with the so-called Nootka-Columbian
languages in general.
Cumulative, in the way of evidence to this, is the statement, with
the verification of which we shall conclude, viz., that, besides the
Athabascan, the other languages of the Oregon Territory have affinities
with the Eskimo. With the Oonalashkan and Cadiack on the one side, and
with Mr Tolmie's vocabularies (with Cook's occasionally) _en masse_
on the other, we have at least the following words common to the two
groups.
English, _sky_.
_Cook's Nootka_, eenaeel nas.
_Tlaoquatch_, naase.
_Oonalashka_, anneliak = _day_.
English, _sky_.
_Haidah_, shing.
_Billechoola_, skoonook = _day_.
_Haidah_, yen = _clouds_.
_Haeeltzuk_, unnowie.
_Oonalashka_, youyan = _sky_.
innyak = _sky_.
English, _moon_.
_Billechoola_, tlooki.
_Cadiack_, yaalock.
English, _snow_.
_Haeeltz_, naie.
_Calapooah_, anoopeik.
_Yamkallie_, kanopeik.
_Cadiack_, annue.
_Oonalashka_, kannue.
English, _hail_.
_Haidah_, dhanw = _snow_.
_Oonalashka_, tahenem dahskeeto.
English, _water_.
_Cook's Nootka_, chauk.
_Tlaoquatch_, tchaak.
_Cadiack_, kooyk = _river_.
English, _river_.
_Tloaquatch_, aook.
_Cadiack_, alaook = _sea_.
English, _rain_.
_Calapooiah_, tochtocha.
_Cadiack_, kedoh.
_Oonalashka_, chetak.
English, _sand_.
_Haidah_, il kaik.
_Oonalashka_, choohok.
English, _mountain_.
_Kliketat_, pannateet
_Cadiack_, poonhokanlie.
English, _house_.
_Kliketat_, needh.
_Shahaptan_, eneedh.
_Cadiack_, naa.
English, _song_.
_Cook's Nootka_, oonook.
_Oonalashka_, oonoohada = _sing_.
English, _go_.
_Cook's Nootka_, cho.
_Oonalashka_, icha.
English, _cleave_, _cut_.
_Cook's Nootka_, tsook.
_Cadiack_, chaggidzu.
_Oonalashka_, toohoda.
English, _crow_.
_Cook's Nootka_, kaenne.
_Cadiack_, kalnhak.
English, _fire_.
_Cook's Nootka_, eeneek.
_Cadiack_, knok.
_Oonalashka_, keynak.
English, _skull_.
_Cook's Nootka_, koometz.
_Oonalashka_, kamhek.
English, _teeth_.
_Cook's Nootka_, cheecheetsh.
_Cadiack_, hoodeit.
English, _middle finger_.
_Cook's Nootka_, taeeai.
_Cadiack_, teekha.
English, _how much_.
_Haeeltzuck_, kinshook.
_Kawitchen_, quien.
_Noosdalum_, quien.
_Oonalashka_, kannahen.
_Cadiack_, kouhcheen.
English, _mat_.
_Chenook_, swussak.
_Shahaptan_, tooko.
_Oonalashka_, sootok.
English, _bow_.
_Okanagan_, tsukquenuk.
_Oonalashka_, saeheek.
English, _house_.
_Squallyamish_, aalall.
_Oonalashka_, oolon.
English, _iron_.
_Squallyamish_, kumnuttin.
_Cadiack_, komlyahook.
English, _sea-otter_.
_Billechoola_, qunnee.
_Oonalashka_, cheenatok.
English, _bear_.
_Haidah_, tan.
_Oonalashka_, tanhak.
To this list a previous statement applies more especially. By treating
the Sitca and Kenay vocabularies as Eskimo, the number of coincidences
might have been doubled.
Besides this, it must be remembered that, in Tolmie's vocabularies,
no terms expressive of the different parts of human body are given;
and that several names of the commonest objects are wanting, _e. g._
_fire_, &c.
Neither have the vocabularies of Wrangell for the varied dialects of
Russian America been made use of.
As the lists, however, stand, the author considers that he has
shewn reason for believing that the Athabascan, the Kolooch, the
Nootka-Columbian, and the Cadiack groups are subordinate members of
one large and important class--the Eskimo; a fact which, coinciding
with all his other inquiries in American Ethnology, breaks down,
further than has hitherto been done, the broad and trenchant line
of demarcation between the circumpolar and the other Indians of the
Western Continent.