=Extract of Ox-gall.= _Syn._ INSPISSATED OX-GALL; EXTRACTUM FELLIS BOVINI,
L. _Prep._ 1. (P. Cod.) From ox-gall, strained, and evaporated in a water
bath.--_Dose_, 5 to 15 gr.; in pills.
2. (Hunter Lane.) As the last, but reducing the gall to dryness, and then
powdering it. It must be preserved in well-corked bottles.--_Dose_, 3 to
12 gr.
=Extract of Parei'ra.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PAREIRÆ (B. P.), L. _Prep._ 1. (B.
P.) Pareira root in coarse powder, 1; boiling distilled water, 10, or a
sufficiency; digest the pareira with 1-1/2 of water for twenty-four hours,
then pack in a percolator, and water till by slow percolation
10 has passed through; evaporate in a water bath to a pilular
consistence.--_Dose_, 13 to 20 gr.
2. (Ph. L.) From the root of velvet leaf or pareira brava (_Cissampelos
Pareira_), as EXTRACT OF HOPS--Ph. L.
3. (P. E.) As EXTRACT OF LIQUORICE--Ph. E. The P. Cod. formula is similar.
Alterative, tonic, and diuretic.--_Dose_, 10 gr. to 1/2 dr.; chiefly in
affections of the bladder.
4. EXTRACTUM PAREIRA LIQUIDUM (B. P.). Pareira in coarse powder, 16;
boiling distilled water, 160, or a sufficiency; rectified spirit, 3;
macerate in 20 of water for twenty-four hours; pack in a percolator,
adding more of the water; allow the liquor slowly to pass until 160 has
been collected, or the pareira is exhausted; evaporate to 13, and, when
cold, add the spirit; filter and make up to 16.--_Dose_, 1/2 dr. to 2 dr.
=Extract of Par'sley.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PETROSELINI, L. _Prep._ (P. Cod.)
From the root, as EXTRACT OF BISTORT--P. Cod.
2. (M. Peraibe.) From the fresh leaves, as EXTRACT OF ACONITE. Febrifuge
and tonic.--_Dose_, 5 to 10 gr.
=Extract of Pasque Flower.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM ANEMONIS, L. _Prep._ (P.
Cod.) From the recent or dried flower, as either of the EXTRACTS OF
ACONITE--P. Cod.--_Dose_, 1 to 4 gr.
_Obs._ Several species of _Anemone_ have been used in medicine, especially
_Anemone pratensis_ and _A. pulsatilla_. According to Baron Stoerck, the
former is resolvent, and is an effectual remedy in various chronic
diseases, particularly in amaurosis, cataract, opacity of the cornea,
nocturnal pains, suppressions, &c. 1/2 to 1 gr., combined with sugar of
milk, has been highly recommended in hooping-cough.
=Extract of Pa'tience Dock.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PATIENTIÆ, L. _Prep._ From
the root of _Rumex Patientia_ or garden patience, as EXTRACT OF HOPS.
Aperient and stomachic. Used in double doses in lieu of extract of
rhubarb.
=Extract of Paullin'ia.= See EXTRACT OF GUARANA.
=Extract of Peach Blos'som.= _Prep._ From essence of lemons, 1 oz.; pure
balsam of Peru, 2 dr.; essence (oil) of bitter almonds, 1 dr.; rectified
spirit, 3 pints; spirit of orange flowers, 1 pint; spirit of jasmin, 1/4
pint; mix. A pleasant and powerful perfume.
=Extract of Pel'litory.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PYRETHRI, E. P.
ÆTHERO-ALCOHOLICUM, L. Prep. (W. Procter.) Alcohol (rectified spirit), 1
pint; ether, 1/2 pint; mix, and pour it gradually on root of pellitory
(_Anacyclus Pyrethrum_), 1 lb., placed in a percolator; afterwards pour on
alcohol, 1 pint; and subsequently sufficient dilute alcohol (proof spirit)
to displace 2-1/2 pints of tincture (ESSENCE OF PELLITORY, TOOTHACHE
ESSENCE); the latter is either suffered to evaporate spontaneously, or by
a very gentle heat, until a soft extract is attained. Used to destroy the
sensibility of the nerves of the teeth, previous to plugging, and for
toothache.
=Extract of Pep'per.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PIPERIS, E. P. NIGRI, L. _Prep._ 1.
From decoction of black pepper (bruised). Stimulant; stronger tasted than
the berries, but less aromatic.--_Dose_, 10 gr. to 1 dr.; in agues.
2. (Fluid; EXTRACTUM PIPERIS FLUIDUM, L.)--Ph. U. S. From black pepper, as
FLUID EXTRACT OF CUBEBS--Ph. U. S., separating the PIPERINE by expression
through a cloth, and keeping the fluid portion for use.
=Extract of Pimpinel'la.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PIMPINELLÆ, L. _Prep._ From the
root of burnet saxifrage (_Pimpinella saxifraga_), as EXTRACT OF HOPS.
Astringent.--_Dose_, 10 to 20 gr.
=Extract of Pink'root.= _Syn._ EXTRACT OF WORM GRASS, E. OF WORMSEED ROOT;
EXTRACTUM SPIGELIÆ, L. _Prep._ 1. From Carolina pinkroot (_Spigelia
Marylandica_), as EXTRACT OF BOX--P. Cod.--_Dose_, 5 to 20 gr.
2. (Fluid; ESSENCE OF PINKROOT, LIQUOR OF P.; EXTRACTUM SPIGELIÆ FLUIDUM,
L.) Pinkroot, 1 lb.; proof spirit, 3 pints; make a tincture, evaporate to
10 fl. oz., add sugar, 3/4 lb., and rectified spirit, q. s. to make the
whole measure exactly a pint.--_Dose._ For a child, beginning with 1/2 a
teaspoonful.
3. (Compound; COMPOUND LIQUOR OF PINKROOT; EXTRACTUM SPIGELIÆ FLUIDUM
COMP., L.)--_a._ (Estlack.) Carolina pinkroot or spigelia (bruised), 4
oz.; senna, 3 oz.; savine, 1 dr.; pour on boiling water, 1 quart; when
cold, add rectified spirit, 1/2 pint; digest 24 hours, express (or
percolate), filter, evaporate to 12 fl. oz., in which dissolve, manna, 1
oz.; sugar, 8 oz. Every fl. oz. is equal to 2 dr. of pinkroot and 1-1/2
dr. of senna.--_Dose._ For a child, 1/2 to 1 teaspoonful; for an adult, a
tablespoonful.
_b._ (W. Procter.) Pinkroot, 16 oz.; senna, 8 oz. (both in coarse powder);
dilute alcohol (sp. gr. ·935), 2 pints; macerate for 2 days, then proceed
by displacement, adding fresh spirit, until 4 pints have passed through;
filter, evaporate to 20 fl. oz., and add carbonate of potassa, 1 oz.; next
add oils of caraway and aniseed, of each 1/2 dr.; (previously triturated
with) powdered sugar, 24 oz.; lastly, apply a gentle heat to dissolve the
sugar.
_c._ (EXTRACTUM SPIGELIÆ ET SENNÆ FLUIDUM--Ph. U. S.) As the last
(nearly).--_Dose._ As above. All the above preparations of pinkroot are
regarded as powerful and certain anthelmintics; particularly the last two.
=Extract of Pipsis'sewa.= See EXTRACT OF WINTER-GREEN.
=Extract of Poi'son Oak.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM RHOIS TOXICODENDRI, L. _Prep._
(P. Cod.) From the expressed juice of the leaves of _Rhus toxicodendron_.
Narcotic, stimulant, and alterative.--_Dose_, 1/2 gr. to 1 gr., gradually
increased; in chronic rheumatism, obstinate skin diseases, &c.
=Extract of Pomegran'ate.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM GRANATI, L. _Prep._ 1.
(Soubeiran, & P. Cod.) From the root-bark of pomegranate, as EXTRACT OF
BOX. In tapeworm.--_Dose_, 10 to 20 gr.; followed by a purgative.
2. (E. G. CORTICIS FRUCTUS, L.) From the decoction of the fruit-rind. As
the last.
=Extract of Pop'pies.= _Syn._ EXTRACTUM PAPAVERIS (B. P.), E. P. ALBI, L.
_Prep._ 1. (B. P.) Capsules coarsely powdered, 16; rectified spirit, 2;
distilled water, a sufficiency; mix the poppy capsules with 40 of the
water, stirring them frequently during 24 hours; then pack in a
percolator, and pass water slowly through them until about 160 have passed
through; evaporate the liquor by a water bath to 20; when cold, add the
spirit. After 24 hours filter the liquor, and evaporate to a pilular
consistence.--_Dose_, 2 or 5 grains.
2. (Ph. L.) Bruised poppy-heads (without the seeds), 15 oz.; boiled
distilled water, 1 gall.; macerate 24 hours, boil to one half, strain, and
complete the evaporation.